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    Vertical Reinforcement For Wall Design

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    Samuel Antobam
    This document summarizes the requirements for vertical reinforcement in walls according to BS 8110. It describes checks that must be performed to determine if a wall can be designed as a plain wall without reinforcement. These include checks for stresses, bending utilization, axial load, and shear. It also provides minimum and maximum reinforcement ratios for reinforced concrete walls under compression or tension. Spacing requirements for vertical bars are also outlined.

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    Vertical Reinforcement For Wall Design

    Uploaded by

    Samuel Antobam
    276 views5 pages
    This document summarizes the requirements for vertical reinforcement in walls according to BS 8110. It describes checks that must be performed to determine if a wall can be designed as a plain wall without reinforcement. These include checks for stresses, bending utilization, axial load, and shear. It also provides minimum and maximum reinforcement ratios for reinforced concrete walls under compression or tension. Spacing requirements for vertical bars are also outlined.

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    for bs code 8110

    Original Title

    Vertical Reinforcement for Wall Design

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    This document summarizes the requirements for vertical reinforcement in walls according to BS 8110. It describes checks that must be performed to determine if a wall can be designed as a plain wall without reinforcement. These include checks for stresses, bending utilization, axial load, and shear. It also provides minimum and maximum reinforcement ratios for reinforced concrete walls under compression or tension. Spacing requirements for vertical bars are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    276 views5 pages

    Vertical Reinforcement For Wall Design

    Uploaded by

    Samuel Antobam
    This document summarizes the requirements for vertical reinforcement in walls according to BS 8110. It describes checks that must be performed to determine if a wall can be designed as a plain wall without reinforcement. These include checks for stresses, bending utilization, axial load, and shear. It also provides minimum and maximum reinforcement ratios for reinforced concrete walls under compression or tension. Spacing requirements for vertical bars are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Vertical reinforcement (Walls: BS 8110)

    For some of the vertical bar parameters, additional user defined limits can be applied - where
    this is the case minimum and maximum values are specified in Design Options > Wall >
    Reinforcement Layout.

    In the following, the concrete area is the gross area of the general wall, or the
    gross area of the mid zone if one exists.
    For the end zone the design criteria for a reinforced concrete column element
    applies.

    Plain Wall Check

    Before placing vertical reinforcement in the wall, the following checks are performed to
    determine if the given section of wall can act potentially as a plain wall or not.

    a) Check for stresses at the corner of a wall

    If there are no tensile stresses developed in the wall it is in compression throughout and check
    passes.

    b) Check for bending utilization

    Check the bending utilization is less than 10%

    i.e Asc, required = 0.1*0.0025* Ac = 0.00025* Ac (For fy=500 N/mm2)

    Asc, required = 0.1*0.003* Ac = 0.0003* Ac (For fy=250 N/mm2)

    The figure 10% stated above is not code dependent value, it is a matter of
    engineering judgment.

    c) Check for limiting axial load

    Maximum design load per unit length of a plain wall is assessed from the following
    equations:

    i) Stocky braced plain walls –

    nw ≤ 0.3*(h – 2*ey)*fcu1

    Where
    nw = maximum design ultimate load per unit length of plain wall
    h = thickness of wall
    fcu = characteristic strength of concrete
    ey = resultant eccentricity of load at right angles to the plane of the wall

    ey,min = minimum resultant eccentricity of load at right angles to the plane of the wall
    = 0.05*h
    ey,max = maximum resultant eccentricity of load at right angles to the plane of the wall
    = 0.5*h

    ii) Slender braced plain walls –

    nw = MIN [ 0.3*(h – 2*ey)*fcu , 0.3*(h – 1.2*ey – 2*ea)*fcu2 ]

    Where

    ea = additional eccentricity due to deflections = (le2/h)*(1/2500)


    le = effective height of wall

    iii) Stocky and slender un-braced plain walls –

    nw = MIN [ 0.3*(h – 2*ey,1)*fcu3 , 0.3*{h – 2*(ey,2 + ea)}*fcu4 ]

    Where

    ey,1 = resultant eccentricity at the top of wall


    ey,2 = resultant eccentricity at the bottom of wall

    d) Check for shear

    Shear design procedure of plain walls is described as below:5

    IF V < 0.25* nw or vavg < 0.45 N/mm2

    Shear reinforcement is not required

    ELSE

    It is not a valid plain wall.

    Where
    V = horizontal design shear force due to ultimate loads
    vavg = average design shear stress = V/Av
    Av = shear area

    IF all the checks stated above (a, b, c and d) pass, the given section of wall is classified as
    plain wall.

    Reinforcement area for a Plain wall

    The minimum vertical reinforcement area in a plain wall can be given as6
    Asc,min = ρv,lim,min*Ac = 0.003* Ac (For fy=250 N/mm2) = 0.0025* Ac (For fy=500
    N/mm2)

    For intermediate values of fy, linear interpolation is applicable.

    Reinforcement area for a RC wall

    The following parameters control the vertical reinforcement area of RC wall,

    Limiting minimum ratio of vertical reinforcement area to gross concrete area, ρv,lim,min
    Limiting maximum ratio of vertical reinforcement area to gross concrete area, ρv,lim,max

    The recommended values are:7

    IF nw ≥ 0 (i.e compression)

    Total minimum area of vertical reinforcement, Asc,min = ρv, lim,min*Ac = 0.004*Ac


    Total maximum area of vertical reinforcement, Asc,max = ρv,lim,max*Ac = 0.04*Ac
    Where
    Ac = Gross area of the concrete wall
    nw = The total design axial load on the wall due to design ultimate loads

    Where 2 layers are specified distributed equally to each face, this is a minimum of
    0.002*Ac placed at each face.

    ELSE

    Total minimum area of vertical reinforcement, Asc,min = ρv, lim,min*Ac

    = 0.008* Ac (For fy=250 N/mm2)

    = 0.0045* Ac (For fy=500 N/mm2)

    In this case reinforcement should be placed in 2 layers.

    For intermediate values of fy, linear interpolation is applicable.

    Total maximum area of vertical reinforcement, Asc,max = ρv,lim,max*Ac = 0.04* Ac

    Spacing of vertical loose bars

    Limiting minimum clear horizontal spacing of the vertical bars, scl, v,min is given by, 8

    scl,v,min = MAX [hagg + 5mm, scl,u,v,min ]


    Where
    hagg = maximum size of coarse aggregate
    scl,u,v,min = user specified minimum clear horizontal distance between bars
    scl,v,min= minimum clear horizontal distance between bars

    IF
    φ > hagg + 5mm,

    THEN
    scl,v,min > φ

    Where
    φ = maximum diameter of vertical bar

    You are also able to specify a limit for maximum spacing of vertical bars in the wall, scl,v,max,
    although this is not a BS code requirement.

    If transverse link reinforcement is required, then there are further restrictions:9


    All vertical compression bars should be enclosed by a link. No bar should be further than 200
    mm from a restrained bar with an included angle of not more than 900.

    Check for vertical reinforcement when wall in tension

    For RC wall –

    In the wall properties an option is present ‘Reinforcement layers’, in which user can set 1 or 2
    layers.
    If a single layer has been selected then it is necessary to check if the axial load acting on the
    wall is tension or compression.

    IF nw ≥ 0 (i.e compression)

    Then, vertical reinforcement can be placed in single layer.

    ELSE

    Vertical reinforcement to be placed in double layers.10

    If the option of double layers have been selected then it is not necessary to check if the axial
    load on wall is tension or compression.

    Parent topic

    • Wall Design to BS 8110

    1. BS 8110-1:1997 equation 43
    2. BS 8110-1:1997 equation 44

    3. BS 8110-1:1997 equation 45

    4. BS 8110-1:1997 equation 46

    5. BS 8110-1:1997 cl 3.9.4.18

    6. BS 8110-1:1997 cl 3.9.4.19

    7. BS 8110-1:1997 Table 3.25

    8. BS 8110-1:1997 cl 3.12.11.1

    9. BS 8110-1:1997 cl 3.12.7.5

    10. BS 8110-1:1997 cl 3.9.3.5

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