10 Compositional Theories of Cinematography

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10 Compositional Theories of

Cinematography

To me, the camera is like a musical instrument. You use it to control


the flow, shape, size and colors of images. Conrad Hall
Rule of Thirds
Imagine a grid that splits the frame into thirds vertically and
horizontally. Place the subject along those gridlines. The
intersections of the lines are especially compelling.

The Darjeeling Unlimited


The Rule of Odds
Having an odd number of things in a composition means your
eye and brain can't pair them up or group them easily. There's
somehow always one thing left over, which keeps your eyes
moving across the composition.

The Darjeeling Unlimited


Leading Lines

Lines that guide a viewers eyes around, or through, the


composition are called leading lines.

Amelie
Strong Diagonal
A form of a leading line that can transform a boring composition into a
dynamic one.

Inception
Lines of Sight
Lines of sight are created when the subject is looking at
something within the frame. This causes the viewer to follow
the line of sight to the object being observed.

The Darjeeling Unlimited


Point of View
Moving the camera above, or below, the subject can create a more
interesting, dynamic composition.

Hugo
Framing
Use a natural frame within the composition to draw the viewers eye to
the main subject. Framing can also be used to create a sense of depth,
or to provide a context for the shot.

Life of Pi
Simplify
Try to eliminate unnecessary items from your composition
they will only distract the viewer. Sometimes, the most simple
of objects make a beautiful composition.

Lawrence of Arabia
Depth of Field
The distance within a composition that is in focus. A shallow depth of
field leaves just a small portion of the shot in focus, while the rest
remains blurry. It can be used to draw the viewers eye to the main
subject. It also can compensate for a distracting background.

The Hunger Games


Strong Foreground
A strong foreground element can help bring the viewer into the composition,
as well as provide a sense of depth.

Life of Pi
Fill the Frame
It is not always necessary for the entire subject to be included
in the composition. Sometimes it is more effective, and
interesting, to crop the edges of your main subject.

The Darjeeling Unlimited


Active Space (aka Nose Room)
It is important when you are capturing a shot of an action, that you
leave space between the side of the frame and the subject. If you
do not do this, the composition will feel unbalanced.

2001: A Space Odyssey


What Principles do you see?

Spend the next 5 minutes observing the photograph and


analyzing the principles of design used by the cinematographer.

The Darjeeling Unlimited


I like movies where you can come back
and re-watch them and admire the
cinematography 25 years later.
Rob Zombie

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