PANAY ARTS AND CRAFTS GRADE 7

PANAY - the first written code was decreed - the Code of Kalantiaw.

- it is one of the largest islands of the archipelago lying south of Romblon. This triangular island is
composed of the provinces of ILOILO, ANTIQUE, AKLAN, CAPIZ and the island of GUIMARAS.

- it is sold by Marikudo to the ten Bornean datus for a piece of golden salakot, in the barter of
Aninipay.

- name of Panay island was given by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi when his team move there after
experiencing food scarcity in Cebu.

- literally means there is food in Spanish.

Festivals

1. ati-atihan in kalibo, aklan

2. Dinagyang in Iloilo

3. Binirayan in Antique

ARTS AND CRAFTS

Weaving - is the primary form of arts and crafts in panay island.

Weaving Patadyong - is an important industry in iloilo.

- it is a wrap-around piece of cloth worn by women.

Paghahabol - means weaving in Badiangan.

Iloilo - was the thriving capital of textile industry in the Philippines with weaving communities in
Arevalo, Jaro and Molo.

Aklan - weaving baskets, trays and mats is popular. Aklanon uses pandan and bariw - a type of pandan,
to make their products.

Pagrarara it banig - means mat weaving is often a form of social interaction.

Kapis(Capiz) shell - is also an important craft in Panay island particularly in Aklan and Iloilo.

NEGROS ISLAND
- in the pre-hispanic times, it is called Buglas after the type of grass similar to sugarcane that grows
abundantly in the island. Then Magellans crew docked near the island, they saw black people that
they called Negros.

- it is sliced into half by a mountain range where Mt. Kanlaon is the highest peak.

- it is an island of so many festivals. One of the famous festivals is the Maskara festival in Bacolod - the
most spectacular display of colors and beauty of the Negrenses.

ARTS AND CRAFTS

Weaving - is an integral part of the lives of the Negrenses. Their weaving practices include roofing
materials, walls hats and baskets using pandan and buri leaves.

Pinya weaving - is also a lucrative industry in Bacolod where materials are imported from Aklan.

In Valencia, Negros Oriental, sinamay weaving is a world class industry. Sinamay is made from
abaca(Musa textiles) twine and indigenous plant similar to banana. The natural fiber is dyed, woven
and stiffened for the production of hats.
GRADE 8

China

- officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a sovereign state located in East Asia. It is the
world's most populous country, with a population of over 1.35 billion. The PRC is a single-party state
governed by the Communist Party, with its seat of government in the capital city of Beijing. It
exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled
municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special
administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau).

Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometers, China is the world's second-largest country by
land area.

PAINTING IN CHINA, JAPAN and KOREA

In East Asia, the objects or items that are usually put into paintings are called subjects, themes or
motifs. These may be about animals, people, landscapes, and anything about the environment.

PAINTING SUBJECTS OR THEME

CHINA

Flowers and birds

Human Figures

Landscapes

4. Animals

5. Palaces and Temples

6. Bamboos and Stones

JAPAN

1. Scenes from everyday life

2. Narrative scenes crowded with figures and details

SOUTH KOREA /NORTH KOREA

Subjects are divided into five categories:

1. landscape paintings

2. Minhwa (the traditional folk painting)

3. Four Gracious Plants (plum blossoms, orchids or wild orchids, chrysanthemums)

4. bamboo

5. portraits

In East Asia, the objects or items that are usually put into paintings are called subjects, themes or
motifs. These may be about animals, people, landscapes, and anything about the environment.
Painting started from pre-historic man. He used red ochre and black pigment. Early paintings often
showed hunting scenes of man chasing

various animals, such as: horses, rhinoceros, lions, buffaloes, mammoths.

The history of Eastern painting is as old as the civilization of China.It is historically

comparable to Western painting. Eastern countries continued to influence each others

production of arts over the centuries.

Important aspects in East Asian Painting:

Landscape painting was regarded as thehighest form of Chinese painting. They also consider the
three concepts of their arts:Nature, Heaven and Humankind (Yin-Yang).

Silk was often used as the medium to paint upon, but it was quite expensive. When the Han court
eunuch, Cai Lun, invented the paper in the 1st Century AD it provided not only a cheap and
widespread medium for writing but painting became more economical.

The ideologies of Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism played important roles in East Asian art.

Chinese art expresses the human understanding of the relationship between nature and human. This
is evident in the form of painting of landscapes, bamboo, birds, and flowers, etc. This might be called
the metaphysical, Daoist aspect of Chinese painting.

Six Principles of Chinese Painting established by Xie He, a writer, art historian and critic in 5th century
China.

1. Observe rhythm and movements .

2. Leave spaces for the eyes to rest

3. Use brush in calligraphy

4. Use colors correctly

5. Live up to tradition by copying the masters artwork.

6. Copy the correct proportion of the objects and nature.

The history of Korean painting dates to 108 C.E., when it first appears as an independent form. It is
said that until the Joseon dynasty the primary influence of Korean paintings were Chinese paintings.
Mountain and Water are important features in Korean landscape painting because it is a site for
building temples and buildings.

Landscape painting represents both a portrayal of nature itself and a codified illustration of the
human view of nature and the world.

Painting is closely related to calligraphy among the Chinese people.

Calligraphy

-is the art of beautiful handwriting. Traditional painting involves essentially the same techniques as
calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black or colored ink; oils are not used. In calligraphy,
the popular materials which paintings are made of paper and silk. Poets write their calligraphy on
their paintings.

Did you know that

the earliest known Chinese logographs (ancient writing symbols) are engraved on the shoulder bones
of large animals and on tortoise shells?

For this reason, the script found on these objects is commonly called jiaguwen, or shell-and-bone
script. It was said that Cangjie, the legendary inventor of Chinese writing, got his ideas from observing
animals footprints and birds claw marks on the sand as well as other natural phenomena. He then
started to work out simple images from what he conceived as representing different objects such as

Sun, moon, mountain, water, rain, wood, dog, cattle and horse.

Temples are the usual subjects in East Asian painting.

East Asian temples and houses have sweeping roofs because they believe that it will protect them
from the elements of water, wind and fire. Buddhists believed that it helped ward off evil spirits
which were deemed to be straight lines.

There are three main types of roofs in traditional Chinese architecture that influenced other Asian
architecture:

1. Straight inclined - more economical for common Chinese architecture

2. Multi-inclined - Roofs with two or more sections of incline. These roofs are used for residences of
wealthy Chinese.

3. Sweeping has curves that rise at the corners of the roof. These are usually reserved for temples
and palaces although it may also be found in the homes of the wealthy.

Woodblock printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East
Asia. It originated in China as a method of printing on textiles but eventually became a method for
printing on paper.
Japanese Ukiyo-e

The best known and most popular style of Japanese art is Ukiyo-e, which is Japanese for "pictures of
the floating world and it is related to the style of woodblock print making that shows scenes of
harmony and carefree everyday living.

Ukiyo-e art was produced in a diversity of different media, including painting and became an art
domain of the upper classes and royalty but later was also produced by the common Paintings in East
Asia do not only apply on paper, silk and wood. Performers of Kabuki in Japan and Peking Opera in
China use their faces as the canvas for painting while mask painting is done in Korea.