Szorpciós Izoterma Gyűjtemény

TECHNICAL REPORT 162/86
SORPTION ISOTHERM S
A Catalogu e
Kurt Kielsgaard Hanse n
THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMAR K
D EPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERIN G
B UILDING MATERIALS LABORATORY

TECHNICAL REPORT 162/8 6
SORPTION ISOTHERM S
A Catalogu e

Building Materials Laborator y
The Technical University of Denmar k
December 1986
Sorption Isotherm s
A Catalogu e
1 . udgave, 1 . oplag
December 1986/KKH :es
Building Materials Laborator y
The Technical University of Denmar k
Technical Report 162/8 6
Copyright : The author
Printing : LTT Tryk, DT H
Key word s
Sorption isotherms, data base ,
curve fitting, moistur e
Abstrac t
In the present catalogue sorption isotherms for more than 100 materials ar e
plotted . A page of the catalogue shows both data values and a figure wit h
data points and approximated curves . The data base has been built up usin g
an IBM PC .
V
CONTENT S
Pag e
1 . WATER CONTENT PARAMETERS 1
2. THE SORPTION ISOTHERM 1
2 .1 Hygroscopic Moisture 1
2 .2 The Shape of the Sorption Isotherm 2
2 .3 Adsorption and Desorption 4
2 .4 Temperature Influence 5
3. USE OF SORPTION CURVES 5
4. MATHEMATICAL MODELS DESCRIBING THE SORPTION ISOTHERM 5
4 .1 The Model Used in This Work 7
5. CATALOGUE SOURCES 8
6. REGISTRATION METHOD 10
7. SUMMARIZING REMARKS 12
8. LITERATURE 13
9. CONTENTS OF THE CATALOGUE 14
Catalogue pages for sorption isotherms for different materials

PREFAC E
Moisture fixation and moisture transport in building materials are studied a s

part of a long-term research program at the Building Materials Laboratory .
The present catalogue dealing with sorption isotherms forms a part of th e
base which the future moisture transport programs will use . The catalogue i s
made by use of an IBM Personal Computer where the information about in-
dividual materials composes a data base . This data base can be exchange d
with other institutions via a diskette, and the data base can be updated whe n
new results are available .
The present work is part of the project "Moisture in Building Materials" whic h
has been carried out at the Building Materials Laboratory during 1985 an d
1986 . The project has been supported by the Danish Technical Researc h
Council (J . No . 16-3722 .B-153) .
Anders Nielse n
Project Leader
iv
SUMMAR Y
The connection between the equilibrium moisture content in a building materia l

and the relative humidity of ambient air at constant temperature is called a
sorption isotherm . It is well known that most hygroscopic materials exhibi t
hysteresis in the adsorption and desorption isotherms .
In this catalogue sorption isotherms for more than 100 materials are plotted .
Measured sorption values published in different literature sources are put int o
a data base, and for each set of values the best curve through desorptio n
and adsorption measuring points, respectively, are fitted using the extende d
Posnow equation . A page of the catalogue shows both data values and a
figure with data points and approximated curves .
An IBM PC has been used to build up the data base which is stored on a
diskette marked SORPTION . The necessary data input and plotting program s
for the data base as well as programs for curve fitting of data points are als o
stored on the diskette . The programs have been discussed in a separat e
report where the execution of the programs is described, too .

-1 -
1. WATER CONTENT PARAMETER S
The water content of a material can be described by e .g . the water to dr y

mass ratio, the water content per m 3 , the capillary degree of saturation, an d
the vacuum degree of saturation /1/ . In the present catalogue the water t o
dry mass ratio (moisture ratio, water content in weight percent) is used .
The ratio (u) is determined by weighing a material sample (m 1 kg) and dry -
ing at 105 0 C until the mass is constant (m 2 kg) . u can be calculated a s
m1 m2
u _ (1)
m2
Using p for the dry density, the water content per m 3 , w, is calculated b y
w = p u (2 )
The capillary degree of saturation in a material, S cap , is the water conten t

measured in proportion to the amount of water which the material can contai n
after spontaneous water suction .
The vacuum degree of saturation in a material, is the water conten t

Svac'
measured in proportion to the amount of water which the material can contai n
after complete saturation by use of vacuum and overpressure .
Sca p and Svac can be calculated by the equations given in /1/ .
The relative humidity,

pore' in the pores of a porous material must also b e
regarded as a water content parameter .
pore expresses directly the ac-
tivity of the water in the material, which is an important measure in dura-
bility judgments . Through the water content in the material can b e
pore
evaluated by means of the sorption isotherms as described below .
2. THE SORPTION ISOTHER M
2 .1 Hygroscopic Moistur e
In air with a certain relative humidity (RH or ) and temperature (T) a po-
rous building material after a while will reach a state of equilibrium with th e

environment, i .e . the partial vapor pressure and the temperature of the wate r
vapor in the pores of the material will be quite the same as in ambient air .
The porous material will exchange water with the ambient air until the poin t
of equilibrium is reached .
The maximum hygroscopic moisture content of any porous material is signifi-

cantly less than the maximum moisture content which the body can acquir e
in suction, cf . Figure 2 . For example, the maximum hygroscopic moistur e
content, uh , in red brick is about 1 weight percent, but the maximum wate r
content, is of the order of 20-30 weight percent .
umax,
2 .2 The Shape of the Sorption Isother m
The connection between moisture content and relative humidity at equilibriu m

at a constant temperature is called the sorption isotherm or simply the iso-
therm . Through the years a lot of isotherms have been found for differen t
vapors and gases which have been adsorbed in different materials . Brun-
auer, Emmet, and Teller /2/ have grouped the isotherms in five differen t
classes as shown in Figure 1 .
I III
100 100 0 10 0
0 100 0 10 0
Relative humidity, - $
Figure 1 . Different types of isotherms according to Brunauer, Emmet, an d

Teller /2/ .
The isotherm Types I and II are the most common . Moisture fixation in po-
rous building materials almost always gives S-shaped isotherms of Type II .

- 3 -
The shape of the equilibrium isotherm can be divided into three parts depend -
ing on the type of fixation, see Figure 2 .
At low RH the water molecules are bound in one layer to the surface of th e
pores by hydrogen bond or van der Waal forces . When all surfaces of th e
pores are covered with one layer of molecules, the building of the next laye r
starts . The transition is marked by the fact that the curve is straight . The
thickness of the adsorbed water layer increases to a third or possibly a
fourth layer with an increasing pore humidity . Capillary condensation is th e
last mechanism that takes place . The saturation water vapor pressure abov e
curved surfaces decreases depending on the curvature of the meniscus a s
expressed in the so-called Kelvin equation . This means that at a given R H
all the pores with a certain radius will be filled with water .
Maximum wate r
content, u
ma x
Capillary domain :
Water uptake b y
suction, wate r
pressure o r
condensatio n
One laye r More layers Capillar y

of of condensa -
molecules molecules tio n
Hygroscopi c
moisture .
Water uptak e
fro m
ambient ai r
0 10 0
Figure 2 . The typical course of an equilibrium moisture curve or sorptio n

isotherm . The curve shows connected values of RH of the am -
bient air and water content of the material at equilibrium at a
constant temperature .
At high relative humidities the course of the sorption curve becomes uncertai n
because of different hysteresis phenomena . Experimentally it is very difficul t
to maintain a constant RH above 98% which means an uncertainty in the dif-
ferent experiments reported in the literature . For these reasons the curv e
fitting in the present catalogue stops at 98% RH .

2 .3 Adsorption and Desorptio n
Figure 3 shows a sketch of a sorption isotherm of a building material . Equi-

librium established during drying gives a desorption isotherm, and equilib-
rium established during wetting gives an adsorption isotherm . Two boundar y
curves show a hysteresis loop . The desorption isotherm always lies abov e
the adsorption isotherm at the same temperature . Different equilibrium con-
ditions of the two curves can be reached either by breaking off the adsorp-
tion followed by desorption as ABC in Figure 4 or by breaking off desorp-
tion followed by adsorption as DEF . ABC and DEF are called scanning curves .
C
a)
Y
C
0
V
1.-
a)
c9
0 10 0
Figure 3 . Typical adsorption and desorption isotherms showing hysteresis .
c
a)
c
0
U
0 10 0
Relative humidity, - %
Figure 4 . Example of scanning curves .

-5 -
2 .4 Temperature Influenc e
The equilibrium water content in the material is dependent not only on th e

relative humidity of the ambient air, but also on the temperature of the air .
The position and the shape of the sorption isotherm are influenced by th e
temperature . At higher temperatures a correspondingly higher energy leve l
causes an easier release of the water molecules . For this reason the "warm "
isotherms lie under the "cold" ones . As an example sorption isotherms fo r
wood at different temperatures are shown in the catalogue . The temperatur e
influence of the isotherms will be taken up for discussion in a separate re -
port .
3. USE OF SORPTION CURVE S
The sorption isotherms are necessary in analyzing the moisture condition s

of a structure such as drying or wetting calculations or judging the equilib-
rium state .
Exampl e
Lime sandstone having a dry density of 1700 kg/m 3 is delivered with a pro-
duction moisture content of 11% related to dry mass . The stones are use d
as an internal wall with a thickness of 110 mm . How much water must b e
dried from 1 m 2 before the wall is in equilibrium with 50% RH, 20 C? O n
the desorption curve an equilibrium moisture content of 1 .5 weight percen t
is found . The amount of water to be removed is Au = 11% - 1 .5% . Per m 2
is calculated
Aw = volume dry density t o
= 1 0 .110 1700 (0 .11 - 0 .015) = 17 .8 - 18 kg wate r
This result can be used in the design of the drying process .
4. MATHEMATICAL MODELS DESCRIBING THE SORPTION ISOTHER M
A lot of theories have been put forward concerning calculation of the adsorp-
tion of gases and vapors on solids . Among the most well-known theories ar e
the Langmuir /3/ and the BET isotherms /2/, but also other models will be

mentioned here . The models are useful in curve fitting of experimental sorp-
tion data for use in computer calculations .
Langmuir assumes that the adsorption takes place in a single molecular laye r
(compare with Type I isotherms in Figure 1) . The equation made by Lang-
muir looks like
u = a'b6 (3 )
1+b4)
where a is moisture content absorbing a complete monolayer, and b is a co -

efficient proportional to the temperature .
The BET theory is built on the Langmuir theory, and it postulates that th e
polymolecular adsorption isotherm can be composed by a series of simultane-
ous Langmuir adsorption isotherms built up by single molecular layers . Fro m
the equilibrium condition for the sorption of 1st, 2nd, . . ., n'th layer th e
following equation for the adsorption isotherm can be set u p
n+1 ]
ab'DC 1 -(n +1)4) n + n .
u= +1 ] (4 )
(1 -s) C1 + (b-1)4) - b . cf, n
For n + co , the equation can be calculated to
ab
u = (1-)C1 + (b-1)4) ] (5)
For n = 1, the Langmuir isotherm is found . The BET equation can be use d
to describe the lower part of the isotherm up to about 40% RH .
Lykow /4/ has given some empirical equations for calculation of isotherms .
A second degree approximation has been suggeste d
u =a 0 ' 5 for 0 < < 35% RF (6a )
u = Ao + B4) 2 for 35% < < 94% RF (6b )
A criticism against the shown set of equations says the dividing point of 35 %
RH will not hold for many materials . A variable dividing point in the rang e
of 20-40% RH seems to be more useful .

Further, in the range of 10-90% RH, Lykow assumes the equilibrium moistur e
content can be calculated satisfactorily by use of the following empirical equa-
tion
G
u= (7 )
H-4)
where G and H are material coefficients dependent on the temperature and th e

properties of the materials .
Lykow claims the Posnow equation gives the best approximation in the rang e
30-100% RH . The formula is derived from experiments with woo d
1 1
B In (8 )
u uh
where u h is the maximum hygroscopic moisture content, and B is a tempera -

ture dependent factor . (Notice that an error may occur in Equation 8 as Ly-
kow /4/ gives a "+" in front of the last term on the right side, but then w e
get a negative u for low .) Equation 8 can be rewritte n
I ) -1
u = uh (1 - (9 )
where d = 1/(u h B) . The constants for u h and B given by Lykow (Table V

in /4/) are by the present author used to calculate d for the following case s
(given by Lykow), wood after previous drying, pine, and wood . Doing thi s
calculation, d is found to be 0 .30, 0 .35, and 0 .47, respectively . The d-
values are used for comparison purposes in Section 4 .1 below .
4 .1 The Model Used in This Wor k
Freiesleben Hansen in /5/ gives an empirical equation for adsorption/desorp-

tion isotherms for hardening concret e
= exp(A(1 - (L-)
4 -n ) ) (10 )
h
wher e
(u n /u h ) n
non-evaporable water conten t
maximum hygroscopically bound water by adsorptio n
empirically fixed exponen t
relative humidit y
u = water to dry mass ratio
- 8 -
According to Freiesleben Hansen, A can be determined experimentally .
Using Equation 10 to curve fitting of measured sorption values, it can be ap-

propriate to reorganize the equation t o
I ) -1/ n
u =u h (1 -
I
= u hexp((- ) ln(1 - )) (12)
n
Equation 12 is applied in this catalogue . A is 0 .34-0 .38 for beech, birch ,
and a standard wood curve from the Technological Institute /13/ for n - 1 .
As mentioned above, d in Equation 9 can be calculated to 0 .30-0 .47 based o n
the values given by Lykow and consequently, when d = A, the two equation s
seem to be identical for n = 1 . The introduction of n into Equation 11 makes
it applicable to describe both the desorption and the adsorption values fo r
most materials in the range 20-98% RH .
As mentioned earlier, the fixation of water in porous building materials give s

S-shaped isotherms of Type I I , see Figure 1 . By use of the same equatio n
describing all materials both in desorption and adsorption in the range 20-98 %
RH, the S-shape can be hidden in some cases . Firstly, the equation does no t
include the range 0-20% RH, secondly, the approximation can deviate fro m
measured sorption values for higher relative humidities . For concrete, Ahl-
gren /6/ has measured desorption values which show a jump in the desorptio n
curve, and this jump of course cannot be described by a common expressio n
as Equation 11 .
The adsorption isotherms of concrete are further discussed in /7/ where a

curve fitting equation is given for relative humidities in the range 20-100% R H
based on the composition of the concrete, i .e . cement content per m 3 cc ) ,
water to cement ratio (w/c), and degree of hydration (a) . The calculatio n
equation is also shown in /8/ where in addition the desorption isotherms o f
concrete are sketched dependent on w/c and a .
5 . CATALOGUE SOURCE S
Our main source for the present catalogue is the work of Ahlgren /6/ . Thi s
thesis surveys the literature concerning determination of isotherms for differ -
ent adsorbates and adsorbents . A result of the studies is that the desorptio n
-9 -
isotherms very seldom are determined, especially isotherms of Type II whic h

are interesting in connection with building materials . For adsorbates othe r
than water vapor, especially adsorbates like gas, this absence of measure -
ments depend mostly on difficulties in the experimental work . The conclusio n
of the problem may be filling the material with so much adsorbate that th e
absolutely highest lying desorption isotherms are determined . For buildin g
materials this filling with water vapor may not be a problem . Ahlgren's sur-
vey concludes that fully systematical determinations of both desorption an d
adsorption isotherms for the same material are missing . In most reference s
only the adsorption isotherms are given, and in many cases it is not indicate d
if the curves refer to adsorption or to desorption .
To remedy the above mentioned findings, Ahlgren constructed an apparatu s

for precise determination of the equilibrium moisture content of materials fo r
different relative humidities . The maximum error is calculated to 0 .2% RH a t
high relative humidities . The experiments are started determining the de -
sorption isotherm . To reach the highest boundary curve the material sampl e
is filled with water before the start of the experiments . Afterwards the equi-
librium moisture content is determined in the apparatus at relative humiditie s
in the range 98-20% RH . Before determination of the adsorption isotherm th e
material sample is dried in an evacuated exsiccator with a drying material .
The adsorption isotherms thereafter have been determined between the sam e
limits for relative humidity as for desorption isotherms .
Ahlgren has determined a lot of sorption isotherms representing the most util-
ized porous building materials . Both desorption and adsorption isotherms ar e
determined for the majority of the materials . The thorough experimental wor k
and reporting made the measuring results of Ahlgren positively credible an d
most of the measuring results shown in /6/ are included in the present cata-
logue .
Tveit /9/ has determined isotherms at different temperatures . The equilibri-

um moisture content at high relative humidities is determined during adsorp-
tion while equilibrium moisture contents at low relative humidities are deter -
mined during desorption . These equilibrium moisture contents are bound to-
gether to an isotherm . As the hysteresis is smallest at low relative humidi-
ties, the curves correspond mostly to adsorption isotherms . In pursuance
- 10 -
of the above mentioned mix of desorption and adsorption measuring results i n

the same curve, the measuring results of Tveit are not comparable with othe r
measuring results, and therefore they are not included in the catalogue .
Lck /10/ has given sorption values for a series of building materials in ad-
dition to paper, leather, textiles, tobacco, coke, and food . Sorption value s
for a series of these materials are included in the catalogue, but unfortunatel y
the reference does not indicate whether these are desorption or adsorptio n
values .
Also Krischer Ill/ has given sorption values for a series of building material s
in addition to paper, textiles, tobacco, potatoes, coke, and artificial materials .
The temperature dependence for wood and potatoes in particular at tempera -
tures between 20 0 C and 800 C has received special treatment . Sorption value s
for a series of these materials are included in the catalogue, among these the
temperature dependence of the wood curves . Krischer mentions all the sorp-
tion isotherms shown to be desorption curves .
Included in the catalogue are measuring results for lacquer and paint, san d
and gravel, soft rot decayed pine, brick with salt, and impregnated wood .
The references are shown in connection with each curve .
The same material is illustrated by sorption values from various sources . Thi s
gives the possibility to evaluate the precision of the sorption isotherms .
6 . REGISTRATION METHO D
The catalogue of sorption isotherms has been built up using an IBM PC . Th e

data base can easily be distributed to other interested institutes by mailing a
diskette .
The necessary programs for the data base, i .e . data input and plotting pro-
grams as well as programs for curve fitting of data points are also stored o n
the diskette which is marked SORPTION . The programs are described i n
/12/, which also explains in detail how to operate them . It has been attempte d
to write the programs as a dialogue . The program asks about input, and the

- 11 -
programmer types his answers, followed by a press on The input for m

is simplified in this way, and at the same time all input of data appears i n
the correct order .
The data input program DATAIND is organized so that the input of data point s
can be made either by using the keyboard of the PC, or via digitizing usin g
an HP plotter as a digitizer table . The sorption values for most of the mate -
rials in the data base are entered via digitizing* . Each material at each tem-
perature level gets a material file in the data base .
The data input is carried out in the following way . Firstly, the title of th e
material, the density, and the temperature are read, in the next place sorp-
tion values (,,u) for desorption and adsorption curves together with possibl e
scanning curves, then possible additional material characteristics, and finall y
reference, date, and initials . if density and temperature are not known, a 0
(zero) must be written in both places . (No 0 C sorption curves appear i n
the present edition of the catalogue .) The desorption values must be entere d
with decreasing , and the adsorption values must be entered with increasin g
, while the scanning curves must be supplied in the measured order . Usin g
this concept for data input, the sorption values are written in the catalogu e
page in the measured order . If the reference does not indicate either desorp-
tion or adsorption values, the sorption values must be put in with increasin g
The curve fitting to create the best curve through desorption and adsorptio n
measuring points, respectively, is performed by the programs DESORPF an d
SORPF using Equation 12 . Using DESORPF, u h , n, and A in Equation 12 ar e
determined directly for desorption values, while SORPF is used for adsorptio n
values and difficult desorption values . In SORPF, u h is iterated, and n an d
A are determined directly . The use of Equation 12 till now has been foun d
suitable to describe the desorption isotherms as well as the adsorption isotherms .
The iterated constants, uh , n, and A, must be inserted manually in the ma-

terial file, and after this operation the file can be used to plot a catalogu e
* If the literature reference has given more measurements of u for the same , the input of th e
u-values are done correctly, but a little displaced about the correct (l)-value . This is don e
because in the beginning of the fitting work we tried with a polynomial representation whic h
does not allow more u-values for the same . Unfortunately, the polynomial representation di d
not succeed and was left in favor of the above given exponential model, but the small displace -
ments were not corrected as to be seen in the present catalogue . The small displacements wil l
not have any practical significance .
- 12 -
page using the program UDTEGN . The catalogue page shows both sorptio n
values and a figure with data points and curves . The scanning points ar e
bound together with straight lines because DESORPF and SORPF are not cre-
ated for curve fitting of these points .
7 . SUMMARIZING REMARK S
A data base for sorption isotherms has been built up by use of an IBM P C
with the appurtenant catalogue plotted as this report . The necessary data
input and plotting programs in addition to programs for curve fitting of data
points are given in a separate report /12/ also describing the execution o f
the programs . By putting the sorption catalogue on a PC one gets the ad -
vantage of updating and easy distribution to other interested institutes .
The curve fitting to create the best curve through desorption and adsorptio n
measuring points, respectively, has been difficult because the literature ha s
discussed the sorption isotherms only for selected materials . This repor t
refers to some mathematical models describing the isotherms, and it show s
that the model made by Freiesleben Hansen can be considered as a furthe r
development of the Posnow equation . The use of the above model has bee n
found suitable to describe both the desorption and the adsorption isotherms .
In some cases a few more sorption values would give a more precise curv e
fitting .
Different sources are used in the catalogue . As a principal rule the meas-
ured desorption and adsorption values and the scanning points given by th e
reference are put into the material file of the data base, and these data point s
are then used in the curve fitting . In older literature often only a sorptio n
curve is given, but neither measuring results nor an indication about desorp-
tion or adsorption are stated . Nevertheless, such sorption curves are in-
cluded in the catalogue primarily to present as many materials as possible ,
but also to show the link to the food science (Luck /10/ and Krischer /11 /) .
Ahlgren /6/ has been the main source . His results include determination o f
the desorption isotherm, drying of the samples, and the determination of th e
adsorption isotherms . The thorough experimental work and reporting mak e
the measuring results of Ahlgren positively credible, and most of the meas-
uring results shown in /6/ are included in this catalogue .
- 13 -
8 . LITERATUR E
/1 / Nielsen, Anders : "Moisture in Building Materials . 1 . Moisture Fixation "

(in Danish), Building Materials Laboratory, Technical University of Den -
mark, Technical Report 147/85, 1985 .
/2/ Brunauer, S ., Emmet, P .H ., and Teller, E . : "Adsorption of Gases i n

Multimolecular Layers", Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol .
60, 1938 .
/3/ Langmuir, I ., Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol . 40, 1918 .
/4/ Lykow, A .W . : "Transporterscheinungen in kapillarporsen Krpern" ,

Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 1958 .
/5/ Freiesleben Hansen, P . : "Coupled Moisture/Heat Transport in Cros s

Sections of Structures" (in Danish), Beton og Konstruktionsinstitutte t
(BKI), 1985 .
/6/ Ahlgren, Lennart : "Moisture Fixation in Porous Building Materials" (i n

Swedish), Division of Building Technology, The Lund Institute of Tech-
nology, Report 36, Lund, Sweden, 1972 .
/7/ Hansen, Kurt Kielsgaard : "Calculation of Adsorption Isotherms of Con-

crete" (in Danish), Building Materials Laboratory, Technical Universit y
of Denmark, 1985 .
/8/ Herholdt, Aage D ., et al . : "Beton-Bogen" ("The Concrete Book") (in

Danish), Aalborg Portland, 1985 .
/9/ Tveit, Annanias : "Measurements of Moisture Sorption and Moisture Per-

meability of Porous Materials", Norwegian Building Research Institute ,
Oslo, 1966 .
/10/ Lck, Winfried : "Feuchtigkeit . Grundlagen, Messen, Regeln", R . Ol-

denburg, Mnchen, Wien, 1964 .
/11 / Krischer, D . : "Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der Trocknungstech-

nik", Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Gttingen, Heidelberg, 1963 .
/12/ Hansen, Kurt Kielsgaard : "Sorption Isotherms" . Program and User Docu-
mentation for the Programs DATAIND, SORPF, DESORPF, and UDTEG N
from the diskette SORPTION (in Danish), Building Materials Laboratory ,
Technical University of Denmark, Technical Report 163/86, 1986 .
/13/ Thomassen, Thomas : BYG-ERFA 810916, The Building Center, Copen-

hagen, 1981 .

- 14 -
9 . CONTENTS OF THE CATALOGU E
MATERIALS FILE NAME + REMARK S
ASBESTOS AND ASBESTOS BOUND MATERIAL S

ASBESTOS \A_B \ASBESTO K
ASBESTOS-CELLULOSE CEMENT \A_B\ASBCEC20 .15 1 0
ASBESTOS CEMENT \A_B\ASBCEM20 .18 8 0
ASBESTOS CEMENT \A B\ASBCEM20 .20 3 0
AERATED CONCRETE, see cellular concret e

BRICK
BRIC K \A_B\BRICK20 .16 8 0
BRIC K \A_B\BRIC K
BRICK with sal t \A_B\BRICKS A
CELLULAR CONCRET E
CELLULAR CONCRET E \C\CELCON20 .23 0
CELLULAR CONCRET E \C \C ELCON 20 .51 0
CEMENT MORTA R
CEMENT MORTAR w/c = 0 .7 0 \C\CEMMOR20 .07 0 *
CEMENT MORTAR w/c = 0 .8 0 \C\CEMMOR20 .08 0 *
CONCRET E
CONCRETE w/ c 0 .4 0 \C\CONCRE20 .04 0
CONCRETE w/c 0 .72 \C\CONCRE20 .07 2
COR K
COR K \C\COR K
CORK AND CORK MEAL \C\CORK 020 .200 0
o Extension on file name relates to density .

* Extension on file name relates to w/c .
+ File name refers to the diskette market SORPTION .

- 15 -
DRYING MATERIAL S
MAGNESI UMPERCHLORAT E \M_U\MAGNESPE .80 0 0
SILICAGEL inorganic \M U \SILICAGE
EXPANDED CLA Y
EXPANDED CLAY \D K \EXPCLA20 .910 0
EXPANDED POLYSTYREN AND FOAM MATERIAL S

EXPANDED POLYSTYREN \D_K\EXPPOL20 .03 1 0
URETHANE FOAM \M U\UREFOA20 .02 5 0
FOOD, CORN, AND TOBACC O

GELATIN E \D K\GELATIN E
POTATOE S \M_U\POTATO S
RUS K \M_U \RUS K
RY E \M_U\ RYE2 0
STARC H \M_U \STARC H
TOBACC O \M_U \TOBACC O
WHEA T \V Z \WHEAT2 0
GRAVEL, SAND, SOIL, AND COK E

COK E \C\COK E
DILUVIAL SAND fin e \D_K\DILUSAN D
GRAVEL 0-8 mm Nymoell e \D_K \GRAVE L
KAOLI N \D_K\KAOLIN K
KIESELGUH R \D K\KIESELG K
KIESELGUH R \D -K \KIESELG U
GYPSU M
GYPSU M \ D K\GYPSU M
GYPSU M \D_- K\GYPSUMK .13 4 0
PLASTER OF PARI S \M U \PLASTE20 .12 4 0
LACQUER AND PAIN T

E .P . PAIN T \D K \EPPAIN T
LACQUER - 1 \L -\ LACQUE I
LACQUER - 1 P \L \LACQUEI P
LACQUER - 2 \L \LACQUE 2
LACQUER - 2 P \L \LACQUE2 P
LACQUER - 4 \L \LACQUE 4
NC-LACQUE R \L \LACQUEN C
NC-LACQUER P \L \LACQUNC P
VINYL LACQUER \L \LACQUEV
- 16 -
LEATHE R
LEATHE R \L\LEATHE R
LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRET E
LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRET E \L \LWCONC2 0
LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRETE \L\LWCONC20 .640 0
SIPOREX \M_U\SIPOREXK .760 0
YTONG Siporex \V Z \YTONGKRI .520 0
LIME MORTAR AND LIME RENDERING

LIME CEMENT MORTA R \L\LICEMO20 .550 0
LIME MORTAR \L\LIMMORTK .180 0
LIME RENDERING \L\LIMPLASK .160 0
LIMESTONE AND LIME-SANDSTONE

LIME-SANDSTON E \L \LIMSAN20 .170 0
LIME-SANDSTONE \L \LIMSAN20 .180 0
LIME-SANDSTONE \L \LIMSAN20 .183 0
LIMESTONE grey \ L \LIMEST 20 . 270 0
LINOLEUM AND PLASTIC CARPET

LINOLEUM CARPET 2 m m \L.. \LINCAR20 .120 0
PLASTIC CARPET (PVC) 3 mm \M U\ PLACAR20 .120 0
MINERAL WOOL
GLASS WOO L \D_K\GLWOOL20 .018 0
GLASS WOO L \D_K\GLASWOO L
ROCK WOOL \M_U\ ROWOOL20 . 042 0
PAPER AND SODA CELLULOSE

FILTER PAPE R \D_K\FILTPAP E
NEWSPRIN T \M_U\NEWSPRI N
SODA CELLULOSE \M_U \SODACEL L
PAINT see lacque r
RUBBE R
RUBBER \M_U\RUBBE R

- 17 -
SANDSTON E
SANDSTONE red \M U \SANDST20 .270 0
TEXTIL E
ACETATE \A B\ACETAT E
COTTON \C\COTTO N
JUTE \D_K \JUT E
JUTE WEB \D K \JUTWEB20 .100 0
LINEN \L\LINE N
6-POLYAMID \M_U\ POLYAMI D
SILK \M_U \SIL K
WOOL \ V_Z \WOO L
WOOL \V Z \WOOLLY K
WOOD AND DECAYED WOOD

BEEC H \A_B\BEECH020 .750 0
BIRCH \A_B\BIRCH020 .600 0
OAK \M_U\OAK00020 .780 0
OREGON PINE \M U \OREPIN20 .560 0
PINE \M~_U \PI NE20 . 510 0
PINE Sapwood \M_U\PINE1 0
SPRUCE \M_U\SPRUCE20 .420 0
SOFT ROT DECAYED PINE \M_U\SOFTROT W
WOOD \V_Z\WOOD2 0
WOOD 20C \V_Z\WOODSA2 0
WOOD 80C \ V_Z\WOODSA8 0
WOOD measured by 60C \V_Z\WOODme6 0
WOOD measured by 80C \V Z \WOODme8 0
WOOD BASED MATERIAL S

BOARD hard \A_B\BOARDH2O .100 0
BOARD oil-hardened \A_B\ BOARDO20 . 105 0
BOARD porous \A B \BOARDP20 .300 0
BOARD semi-hard \A~_B\BOARDS20 .780 0
PLYWOOD \M U \PLYWOO20 .600 0
WOOD-PARTICLE BOARD \V~_Z\WOODPB20 .610 0
WOOD PULP \ V Z \WOODPUL P
WOOD, IMPREGNATED
PINE IMPR . W . B .F .P . \A_B\ BOLFPRO F
PINE IMPR . W . BOLIDEN K33 \A_B\BOLIDK3 3
PINE IMPR . W . C .F . \C \CELCURE F
PINE IMPR . W . K33+M \DJK \K33MINA L
PINE IMPR . W . MINALITH \MU\MINALITH .510 0

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK, Building Materials Laborator y

Sorption of water in building material s
ASBESTOS Azbeszt 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

4J
nedvessg tartalom m%
c
cu 0 . 9
0 .5
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity + - % relatv lgnedvessg %

+ measured desorption value s
90 .5 79 .7 60 .2 39 .9 19 .4 0.0
u 0 .87 0 .70 0 .51 0 .44 0 .35 0 .00
Approximation :
u= 9 .49E-01)(exp ((-1/0 .92) 3ln (1-ln () / 8 .22E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Density and temperature not indicated .
Litterature : Krischer, 0 . : Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlage n

der Trocknungstechnik . Springer-Verlag . Berlin .
Gottingen . Heidelberg . 1963 .
Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \A ..J\ASBESTO K

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK . Building Materials Laborator y

ASBESTOS-CEL . CEMENT 1510 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

Azbeszt prusbeton
4-1
c
a)
" 12
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity - % relatv lgnedvessg %

94 .8 94 .6 79 .7 80 .1 59 .6 60 .0 39 .8 40 .1 19 .5 19 . 9
u 12 .0 11 .8 9 .8 9 .4 7 .6 7 .2 6 .2 5 .9 3 .8 3 . 6
Approximation :
u= 1 .26E+01xexp ((-1/0 .90) xln (1-ln () / 8 .60E-01) )
o measured adsorption value s

25 .2 24 .9 45 .0 45 .3 65 .1 64 .8 85 .5 85 .1 95 .4 94 .8 97 .7 98 . 1
u 3 .4 3 .7 4 .1 4 .4 5 .0 5 .3 6 .7 6 .9 9 .8 10 .1 11 .7 11 . 8
Approximation :
u= 1 .53E+01xexp ((-1/2 .92) xln (1-ln (0)/ 1 .83E-02) )
1 measured scanning value s

95 .0 79 .9 59 . 9
u 10 .3 8 .8 7 . 4
Notes : Asbestos-cellulose cement . Open porosity=43% .
Litterature : Ahlgren, Lennart : Moisture fixation in porou s

building materials . Div . of Build . Techn ., Lun d
Inst . of Techn . Report 36, Lund, Sweden, 1972 .
Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \AJ\ASBCEC20 .15 1


ASBESTOS CEMENT 1880 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

ca) 14
U
L
a)
a
12
c
a)
6
20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity - %
94 .8 95 .2 80 .3 79 .9 60 .1 40 .0 39 .6 20 .2 20 . 0
u 11 .8 11 .4 9 .7 9 .4 8 .2 7 .0 6 .9 5 .0 4 .5
Approximation :
u= 1 .20E+01*exp ((-1/1 .17) *ln (1-ln () / 9 .00E-01) )

25 .5 25 .0 45 .3 45 .0 64 .7 64 .9 85 .4 85 .1 98 .3 98 . 6
u 4 .5 4 .8 5 .1 5 .4 5 .8 6 .1 7 .0 7 .3 10 .9 11 . 3
Approximation :
u= 1 .51E+01xexp ((-1/4 .85) xln (1-ln () / 4 .56E-03) )
1 measured scanning values 2 measured scanning value s

94 .7 79 .8 60 .3 39 .8 39 .8 60 .5 80 .0 95 . 2
u 8 .8 8 .1 7 .6 6 .7 u 6 .8 7 .8 9 .0 11 . 0
Notes : Asbestos cement, lightly pressed, 1800 kg/m3 ,

open porosity = 37X .

building materials . Div . of Build . Techn . . Lun d
Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A_\ASBCEM20 .18 8


ASBESTOS CEMEN T 2030 kg /m 3 20 .0 0 C

ca) 1 4
U
a) 12
a.
4- )
rn
.r., 10
a)
I B
c 6
a)
~
c
0
U
a)
~
L
~
2
N
.~
O
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity - X
95 .1 94 .6 79 .9 79 .6 59 .9 59 .6 39 .9 40 .3 19 .9 20 . 5
u 13 .2 12 .2 9 .6 9 .5 8 .6 8 .4 7 .8 7 .4 6 .1 5 .5
Approximation :
u= 1 .54E+01xexp ((-1/3 .99) xln (1-ln () / 4 .48E-02) )

25 .4 25 .8 45 .5 45 .7 65 .1 65 .3 85 .2 85 .5 94 .8 95 .1 97 .7 98 . 1
u 5 .7 5 .7 6 .2 6 .2 6 .7 6 .7 7 .7 7 .8 8 .9 9 .0 9 .8 10 . 3
Approximation :
u= 1 .65E+01xexp ((-1/7 .36) xln (1-ln () / 5 .80E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Asbestos cement, heavily pressed, 2030 kg/m3 ,

open porosity=30% .

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A_\ASBCEM20 .20 3


BRICK Tgla 1680 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

~C nedvessg tartalom m%
0 . 9
U
0 . 5
n
c 0 . 4
"
0 . 3
u
cu 0 . 2
c_ 0
~
.,-,
0. 1
0E
0 .0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

95 .0 95 .2 79 .8 80 .3 60 .4 60 .8 40 .3 40 .2 19 .9 20 . 2
u 0 .94 0 .78 0 .57 0 .47 0 .44 0 .34 0 .34 0 .27 0 .21 0 .16
Approximation :
u= 1 . 13E+00xexp ((-1/1 .85) xln (1-ln () / 7 .48E-02) )

24 .9 25 .1 45 .6 46 .1 65 .7 65 .5 85 .2 84 .9 95 .3 95 .6 98 .2 98 . 6
u 0 .17 0 .22 0 .22 0 .32 0 .30 0 .35 0 .33 0 .38 0 .38 0 .44 0 .51 0 .5 9
Approximation :
u= 1 .82E+OOxexp ((-1/5 .24) xln (1-ln () / 2 .79E-05) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Open porosity=40% .
Litterature : Ahigren, Lennart : Moisture fixation in porou s

Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : brick20 .16 8



~ ---
IIIIIIIIII
0 . 8
a
1
~- - -
--

0
0 .5
+ . ' 0
~ 0 I
+ 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity $ - % relatv lgnedvessg %

0 94 .2 94 .5 79 .6 79 .3 59 .5 60 .1 39 .8 40 .3 20 .3 20 . 4
u 0 .71 0 .61 0 .49 0 .42 0 .39 0 .32 0 .32 0 .24 0 .24 0 .17
Approximation :
u= 8 .11E-01 exp ((-1/2 .09) xln (1-ln (0) / 1 .04E-01) )

0 24 .7 25 .0 45 .1 44 .6 64 .7 65 .0 84 .3 84 .0 93 .7 94 .6 97 .4 97 . 8
u 0 .17 0 .26 0 .19 0 .29 0 .28 0 .31 0 .26 0 .35 0 .32 0 .43 0 .48 0 .55 .
Approximation :
u= 1 .15E+00exp ((-1/4 .76) xln (1-ln (0) / 4 .45E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes : OPEN POROSITY 31 %

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \A_8\BRICK20 .18 6


BRICK Tgla 1890 kg/m 3 20 .0 * C

4J nedvessg tartalom m%
C
0 .9
U
a, 0 . 8
0.
L 0.7
.,,r
n
3 0.6 u
0
0 .5
D
+
n
N 0.1
0
e 0 .0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity 0 - X relatv lgnedvessg %

95 .2 95 .4 80 .7 80 .3 60 .7 60 .4 40 .2 40 .7 19 .9 20 . 4
u 0 .71 0 .60 0 .49 0 .44 0 .38 0 .34 0 .31 0 .28 0 .22 0 .2 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .76xexp ((-1/2 . 14) xln (1-ln () / 1 .21E-01) )

$ 25 .0 45 .3 44 .9 65 .1 65 .4 85 .2 85 .6 95 .2 96 .1 98 .3 98 . 4
u 0 .23 0 .26 0 .28 0 .27 0 .32 0 .30 0 .36 0 .41 0 .46 0 .55 0 .5 9
Approximation :
u= 1 .63xexp ((-1/4 .93) xln (1-ln (0) / 7 .97E-05) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Open porosity 31% .

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : brick20 .189



4-) nedvessg tartalom m%
C
cu
U +
0 . 5
a~
Q.
~
m 0 . 4
.~,
cu
3
0 .3 1
0
E 0 .0 i
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity - X relatv lgnedvessg %

94 .5 95 .0 79 .6 79 .9 59 .9 59 .5 39 .9 39 .6 19 .8 20 . 0
u 0 .53 0 .45 0 .38 0 .32 0 .30 0 .26 0 .24 0 .20 0 .14 0 .11
Approximation :
u= 5 .36E-01xexp ((-1/1 .23) xln (1-ln () / 3 .91E-01) )

24 .6 25 .0 45 .2 45 .4 65 .5 65 .1 85 .5 85 .1 95 .0 94 .8 98 .1 98 . 4
u 0 .13 0 .15 0 .20 0 .22 0 .24 0 .27 0 .27 0 .30 0 .32 0 .34 0 .35 0 .3 8
Approximation :
u= 1 .82E+00xexp ((-1/6 .08) xln (1-ln () / 1 .36E-06) )
No scanning value s

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : brick20 .20 3


BRICK Tgla 0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C

4-
C
0 nedvessg tartalom m%
U 0.9
~
I
o 0 . 8 i
a
.c 0 . 7
on
0 . 6
0 . 5
c 0 . 4 ----r- - J
L 0 . 2 - -f
m 0 . 1
.~ ,
0
E 0 . 0t ! I
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity $ % relatv lgnedvessg %

measured soro :ion value s
( 0 .1 9 .7 19 .5 30 .0 40 .0 50 .4 60 .1 70 .4 80 .5 90 .4 92 . 6
u 0 .00 0 .06 0 .11 0 .15 0 .19 0 .22 0 .28 0 .36 0 .46 0 .61 0 .6 6
Approximation :
u= 8 .30E-Olxexc ((-1/0 .83) xln (1-ln () / 3 .52E-01) )
No scanning value s
Litterature : Luck, Winfried : Feuchtigkeit . Grundlagen, messen ,

regeln . R . Oldenbourg . Munchen . Wien . 1964 .
Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : bric k


BRICK with sal t 1680 kg/m 3 20 .0 6 C

~
c
a) 0
U
C-
a) 2 0
O.
0
R
0
E 0 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

11 .3 42 .3 59 .0 59 .1 75 .0 94 . 6
u 0 .4 1 .3 1 .9 2 .2 6 .2 22 . 8
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00*exp ((-1/1 .00) *ln (1-1n () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : From Alslev church .
Litterature : Nielsen, Anders : Undersoegelse af teglproeve r

fra Alslev kirke . Laboratoriet for Bygnings -
materialer . DTH . 1985 .
Date : 14- 4-86 Initials : KKH File : \ab\bricksa


CELLULAR CONCRETE Prusbeton 230 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

4-i
c nedvessg tartalom m%
w
U
20
C-
M ~ --- - ~ - ~ -
~
O.
~ -- - ------
--l -
/11L---
1
-1--
~%
~
/~
~ r/
-+~- ;
~r_I O - o Ir i ~ / ?
~-. --
u . .
. -,-._-
...----~+- ._
~
~
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
relative humidity $ - %
90 .9 75 .2 54 .7 33 .0 17 . 9
u 20 .8 8 .2 4 .9 3 .3 2 . 5
Approximation :
u= 2 .51E+02xexp ((1/1 .24) xln (1ln () / 4 .52E-03) )

18 .1 33 .3 55 .5 74 .9 91 .1 95 .0 98 . 0
u 2 .2 3 .0 3 .2 3 .7 4 .8 10 .7 21 . 3
Approximation :
u= 2 .65E+02xexp ((1/1 .39) xln (1ln () / 6 .14E04) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 41085 Initials : KKH File : CELCON20 .23 0


CELLULAR CONCRETE Prusbeton 475 kg/m 3 20 .O 0 C

20
.w 15
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
90 .8 74 .3 54 .6 32 .5 17 . 6
u 17 .5 7 .2 4 .6 3 .1 2 . 1
Approximation :
u= 1 .64E+02*exp ((1/1 .31) *ln (1ln () / 5 .30E03) )

17 .6 32 .7 54 .4 74 .4 90 .1 94 . 6
u 2 .1 2 .5 2 .9 3 .9 6 .2 15 . 2
Approximation :
u= 2 .00E+02*exp ((-1/1 .28) *ln (1ln () / 1 .91E03) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 41085 Initials : KKH File : celcon20 .475


CELLULAR CONCRET E Prusbeton 500 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

iJ
c
a)
" 30
L
m
a.
L
25
o)
. r.,
a.)
20
D
15
C
O
-IJ
10
U
N
L
-;--,
u)
O
E
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
98 .3 92 .0 76 .1 55 .6 32 .8 17 . 8
u 34 .1 14 .4 6 .7 4 .5 2 .7 2 . 3
Approximation :
u= 8 .29E+Oixexp ((-1/1 .57) *ln (1-ln (C/ 5 .65E-03) )

17 .8 55 .7 76 .3 92 .4 96 .5 98 . 8
u 1 .8 2 .8 3 .5 6 .4 10 .0 18 . 5
Approximation :
u= 1 .23E+02xexp ((-1/1 .89) xln (1-ln () / 3 .31E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-B5 Initials : KKH File : celcon20 .500



L
o
a 30
~
_
c:n
Tl; 25
E 0 b
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
97 .7 91 .1 75 .1 54 .9 33 .1 17 . 8
u 39 .0 16 .4 6 .5 3 .6 2 .8 2 . 3
Approximation :
u= 9 .27E+01xexp ((-1/1 .24) Eln (1-ln () / 1 .20E-02) )

17 .8 33 .1 54 .8 75 .3 90 .3 95 .3 98 . 0
u 1 .8 2 .3 2 .4 2 .9 4 .6 9 .1 16 . 5
Approximation :
u= 1 .60E+02xexp ((-1/1 .56) )ln (1-ln () / 5 .72E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : celcon20 .501


0.
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
98 .1 90 .3 75 .6 55 .3 34 .7 19 .8 5 . 7
u 20 .2 13 .9 7 .4 4 .9 3 .5 2 .7 1 . 0
Approximation :
u= 2 .32E+01*exp ((-1/1 .15) xln (1ln (0)/ 1 .18E-01) )

5 .7 25 .1 44 .7 65 .5 80 .4 90 .7 98 . 1
u 1 .0 2 .6 3 .2 3 .8 4 .7 6 .5 14 . 1
Approximation :
u= 7 .88E+01xexp ((-1/2 .29) xln (1ln () / 3 .75E-04) )

98 .1 85 .8 42 .6 65 .6 85 .7 95 . 1
u 16 .5 11 .1 u 4 .0 5 .3 8 .5 14 . 1

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \c\celcon20 .510


CEMENTMORTAR w/c =0 .70 2000 kg/m 3 20 .0 * C

Cementhabarcs
+
+
4-1
rn 4
a)
II I
0 20 40 60 80 i0 0
relative humidity $ - X relatv lgnedvessg %

94 .2 94 .6 79 .2 79 .6 59 .7 59 .2 39 .3 39 .7 19 .8 19 . 1
u 5 .49 5 .27 4 .57 4 .00 3 .36 3 .08 2 .48 2 .11 1 .36 1 .21
Approximation :
u= 5 .74E+0Oxexp ((-1/0 .47) xln (1-ln () / 1 .67E+00) )

25 .1 25 .4 44 .5 45 .1 65 .2 64 .8 84 .7 85 .4 95 .2 95 .6 97 .6 97 . 7
u 1 .17 1 .26 1 .56 1 .66 2 .26 2 .68 3 .28 3 .30 4 .61 4 .67 5 .38 5 .48
Approximation :
u= 6 .29E+00xexp ((-1/1 .99) xln (1-ln () / 6 .30E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Cement mortar 1 :4, w/c=0 .70, wn/C =0 .20 .
Litterature : Ahigren . Lennart : Moisture fixation in porou s

Inst . of Techn . Report 36, Lund, Sweden . 1972 .
Date : 7-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \C\CEMMOR20 .070


CEMENTMORTAR w/c =0 .80 2000 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

Cementhabarcs
nedvessg tartalom m% +
+
0
0
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
94 .9 95 .4 80 .1 80 .4 60 .0 60 .4 39 .9 40 .4 19 .5 20 . 1
u 5 .84 5 .41 4 .64 4 .06 3 .01 2 .75 2 .04 1 .79 0 .92 0 .78
Approximation :
u= 6 .07E+00xexp ((-1/0 .31) xln (1-ln () / 2 .05E+00) )

24 .7 25 .0 45 .3 44 .8 65 .6 65 .1 85 .0 84 .6 95 .1 94 .9 98 .1 97 . 3
u 0 .79 0 .97 1 .12 1 .32 1 .91 2 .02 2 .92 3 .18 4 .83 5 .01 5 .85 5 .9 5
Approximation :
u= 7 .05E+00xexp ((-1/1 .40) xln (1-ln (0) / 7 .83E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Cement mortar 1 :4, w/c=0 .80, open porosity=22% .

Date : 7-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \c\cemmor20 .08 0


CONCRETE w/c=0 .40 Beton 2300 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

a) 3
~ 2
aCi
-4-)
0
c
u
n) 1
c.
r
=
4-,
u) I
o
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

4 25 .6 25 .4 40 .1 39 .8 65 .4 65 .0 80 .0 79 .4 89 .8 89 .3 98 .2 98 . 6
u 0 .75 0 .94 1 .12 1 .30 1 .58 1 .78 2 .24 2 .49 3 .00 3 .23 4 .26 4 .58
Approximation :
u= 4 .82E+00xexp ((-1/1 .51) xln (1-ln () / 1 .17E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete K 500 P, C = 502 kg/m3, w/c=0 .40, wn/C=0 .1 5

lo=2%, max size of stones-32 mm .

Date : 4--10-85 Initials : KKH File : concre20 .04 0



+
4
4
~
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
relative humidity 0 - %
0 97 .6 98 .1 94 .4 95 .1 89 .6 89 .4 80 .0 79 .3 65 .3 65 .6 45 .6 45 .0 20 .0 20 . 5
u 4 .41 4 .09 4 .12 3 .93 3 .97 3 .68 3 .60 3 .26 3 .18 2 .96 2 .66 2 .42 1 .35 1 .2 1
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp ((1/1 .00) xln (1ln (0) / 1 .00E+00) )

0 20 .5 20 .0 43 .0 42 .5 65 .3 64 .8 85 .2 84 .8 94 .8 94 .2 97 .5 98 . 0
u 1 .15 1 .28 1 .55 1 .68 1 .85 2 .03 2 .60 2 .78 3 .29 3 .69 3 .87 4 .1 6
Approximation :
u= 4 .65E+00xexp ((1/2 .67) xln (1ln (0) / 4 .89E02) )

0 89 .4 79 .5 65 .1 45 .4 0 42 .9 64 .7 84 .7 94 . 4
u 3 .05 3 .01 2 .83 2 .54 u 2 .56 2 .73 3 .09 3 .6 1
Notes : Concrete K 350 P . C=334 kg/m3, std ., w/ c = 0 .44 ,

wn/C=0 .24 ,10=4 .3%, max size of stones=32 mm .

Date : 71085 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .044



0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
94 .7 95 .0 84 .9 84 .6 65 .3 65 .8 45 .1 45 .7 19 .9 20 . 2
u 4 .67 4 .47 3 .95 3 .75 3 .05 2 .90 2 .26 2 .12 1 .00 0 .88
Approximation :
u= 4 .76E+00*exp ((-1/0 .18) *ln (1-ln () / 4 .85E+00) )

25 .5 25 .0 45 .1 44 .7 65 .2 64 .8 80 .2 79 .8 90 .1 89 .6 97 .8 98 . 5
u 0 .83 0 .94 1 .09 1 .22 1 .65 1 .82 2 .56 2 .68 3 .25 3 .45 4 .25 4 .6 2
Approximation :
u= 4 .79E+00*exp ((-1/1 .13) *ln (1-ln () / 2 .14E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete K 300 P, C=320 kg/m3, std . w/c=0 .48,

wn/C=0 .20, lo=3,9%, max size of stones=32 mm .

Date: 7-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .04 8



~
~ 4
...,
a)
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

25 .0 45 .0 65 .0 80 .0 90 .0 98 . 0
u 0 .85 1 .25 1 .70 2 .10 2 .85 3 .7 0
Approximation :
u= 4 .05E+00Nexp (( 1/1 .63) *ln (1ln () / 1 .30E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : C=300 kg/m3, w/c=0 .52, wn/c=0 .22 .
Litterature : Bergstroem, S . G ., Ahlgren, L . : Calculation o f

Absorption Isotherms for Concrete . NORDIS K
BETONG 1969 :2 .
Date : 18- 4-86 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .052



y nedvessg tartalom m%
C
a)
U +
L 5 i -- _ _ __ ~
a)
0. I
~
4-)
) 4 ~ ~ --- ---- . __- -- ----- ----- - --- -- - -- ._

~
,4
a)
3 ,. .
-_= - ,
:: t- - -- - ~_ ~
-
- + --
J~
-
----- - - - I. --- 1-- - -
. I
~
-- - - ----- I 1
- ~ -- ~- --i -
-
0
E 0 I
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
4 98 .5 97 .7 94 .9 95 .4 90 .2 89 .7 79 .9 80 .5 65 .4 64 .9 45 .3 44 .9 20 .1 20 . 5
u 5 .60 5 .44 5 .23 4 .99 4 .99 4 .75 4 .65 4 .34 3 .98 3 .76 3 .24 2 .95 1 .75 1 .7 3
Approximation :
u= 5 .41E+00xexp ((-1/ 0 .27) xln (1-ln (4) / 4 .51E+00) )

20 .3 43 .2 65 .3 64 .8 85 .2 85 .6 94 .8 95 .2 97 .6 98 . 5
u 1 .65 2 .02 2 .32 2 .38 3 .19 3 .31 4 .18 4 .39 4 .92 5 .1 9
Approximation :
u= 6 .03E+004exp ((-1/3 . 11) xln (1-ln (4) / 2 .65E-02) )

4 89 .9 80 .1 65 .0 44 .9 42 .5 65 .0 85 .2 94 . 8
u 3 .75 3 .62 3 .41 3 .06 u 3 .12 3 .27 4 .04 4 .53
Notes : CONCRETE, C=400 kg/m3, w/c=0 .55, wn/C=0 .2 3

lo=5 .3%, max size of stones=32 mm .

Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : concre20 .05 5



0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
relative humidity -

25 .3 24 .9 45 .9 45 .5 65 .6 65 .3 80 .2 79 .7 90 .1 89 .4 97 .9 98 . 5
u 0 .68 0 .83 1 .08 1 .21 1 .52 1 .73 2 .15 2 .50 2 .90 3 .15 4 .34 4 .54
Approximation :
u= 4 .93E+00xexp ((1/1 .40) xln (1 ln () / 1 .14E01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete K 300 P, C=306 kg/m3, std ., w/c=0 .58 ,

wn/C=0 .16, 10=1 .9%, max size of stones=32 mm .

Date : 71085 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .05 8


CONCRETE w/c=0 .61 Beton 2300 kg/m 3 2O .O C

~
..0
CT
.~,
4
a)
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

25 .0 45 .0 65 .0 80 .0 90 .0 98 . 0
u 0 .85 1 .15 1 .55 2 .05 2 .95 4 .0 5
Approximation :
u= 4 .60E+00)(exp ((-1/1 .62) %ln (1-ln () / 9 .13E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : C=280 kg/m3, v/c=0 .61, wn/C=0 .205 .
Litterature : Bergstroem, S . G ., Ahlgren, L . : Calculation o f

Absorption Isotherms for Concrete . NORDIS K
BETONG 1969 :2 .
Date : 18- 4-86 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .061



I 1
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
97 .6 98 .2 95 .0 94 .7 89 .9 90 .3 80 .0 79 .5 64 .9 65 .3 45 .1 44 .6 19 .7 20 . 1
u 5 .04 4 .77 4 .64 4 .39 4 .33 4 .09 3 .86 3 .54 3 .33 3 .13 2 .60 2 .44 1 .36 1 .3 4
Approximation :
u= 4 .84E+00xexp ((-1/0 .62) )Eln (1-ln () / 1 .45E+00) )

19 .5 43 .2 42 .7 65 .2 64 .8 85 .3 84 .8 94 .9 94 .5 98 .2 97 . 8
u 1 .25 1 .52 1 .64 1 .82 1 .93 2 .59 2 .74 3 .53 3 .65 4 .25 4 .3 7
Approximation :
u= 5 .16E+00xexp ((-1/2 .76) xln (1-ln () / 3 .14E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete K 250 P, C=284 kg/m3, std ., w/c-0 .65 ,

wn/C=0 .24, 10=0 .24, max size of stones-32 mm .

Date : 7-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \C\CONCRE20 .065



dJ +
v
..-~ 4
a)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
relative humidity t - %
97 .5 98 .2 94 .9 95 .3 90 .1 89 .6 79 .9 80 .6 65 .4 65 .9 45 .7 45 .9 20 .8 21 . 0
u 4 .43 4 .32 4 .07 3 .96 3 .80 3 .65 3 .23 3 .09 2 .64 2 .54 1 .93 1 .81 1 .04 0 .9 7
Approximation :
u= 4 .43E+00xexp ((-1/0 .74) xln (1-ln (0)/ 8 .24E-01) )

21 .0 44 .0 43 .4 66 .0 65 .3 85 .4 84 .8 95 .6 95 .1 98 .3 98 . 8
u 0 .87 1 .08 1 .19 1 .45 1 .55 2 .08 2 .22 3 .24 3 .37 3 .81 3 .9 5
Approximation :
u= 4 .40E+OOxexp ((1/2 .04) *ln (1ln () / 5 .37E02) )
No scanning value s

wn/C=0 .24, 10=5 .8%, max size of stones=32 mm .




4.,
C nedvessg tartalom m%
a)
U
5
a)
a
~
.c
4
.'.,
a)
~ +
c
a) 2
c
0
+
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
relative humidity 4 %
97 .9 97 .5 94 .4 94 .9 90 .0 90 .0 79 .9 80 .1 64 .7 65 .3 45 .4 44 .9 20 .0 20 . 5
u 4 .59 4 .45 4 .14 4 .01 3 .68 3 .68 3 .18 3 .04 2 .61 2 .48 1 .87 1 .76 0 .94 0 .9 1
Approximation :
u= 4 .59E+00xexp ((1/0 .89) xln (1ln (0)/ 5 .74E01) )

20 .1 20 .6 43 .7 43 .4 65 .0 65 .4 85 .0 85 .4 95 .0 95 .4 97 .3 98 . 0
u 0 .76 0 .84 1 .05 1 .13 1 .35 1 .45 1 .97 2 .08 3 .11 3 .19 3 .96 4 .0 6
Approximation :
u= 6 .33E+00xexp ((1/2 .40) xln (1ln () / 1 .16E02) )
No scanning value s

wn/C = 0 .24, lo=4,5%, max size of stones=32 mm .



CORK Parafa 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
x measured sorption value s
0 .1 9 .4 19 .5 29 .5 39 .5 49 .9 59 .8 69 .9 79 .9 90 . 2
u 0 .00 0 .54 0 .82 0 .98 1 .10 1 .26 1 .47 1 .73 2 .02 2 .3 4
Approximation :
u= 2 .60E+00xexp ((-1/0 .66) xln (1-ln () / 1 .23E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : cork


CORK AND CORK MEAL Parafa 200 kg /m 3 20 .0 0 C

10
c
4' 8
a)
4.)
c 6
0
E.)
~L 4
N
.~,
2
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
95 .1 84 .8 65 .0 45 .1 26 . 0
u 19 .5 13 .1 8 .4 5 .8 3 . 8
Approximation :
u= 2 .56E+01xexp ((-1/1 . 40) Mln (1-ln () / 1 .08E-01) )

21 .0 43 .7 64 .6 84 .1 94 .5 97 . 6
u 3 .2 4 .7 6 .1 8 .3 10 .8 13 . 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .49E+01xexp ((-1/2 .26) xln (1-ln () / 6 .04E-02) )

96 .8 94 .3 89 .6 79 .0 64 .7 45 .1 20 . 7
u 13 .9 12 .7 10 .3 8 .5 6 .5 5 .6 3.4
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \C\CORK020 .20 0


MAGNESIUMPERCHLORATE 800 kg/m 3 23 .0 C

-P
C
g
a)
ti 0
[-
a) 8
C.
d-$
L 7
0)
.,. i
a
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 .5 1 .1 1 .5 1 .6
u 1 .00 3 .00 5 .00 9 .0 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00*exp ((-1/0 .00) *ln (1ln () / 0 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes :
Litterature : Bertelsen, Niels Haldor : Diffusionsmaaling me d

kopmetoden paa roedgran . Build . Mat . Lab . ,
Techn . Univ . of Den ., Rep . 129/83 . 1984 .
Date : 18- 4-86 Initials : KKH File : \m u\magnespe .800


mestersges szilikon zsel
SILICAGEL inorgani c 0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C
4-
c
a)
U +
t
w 20
O.
+
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
91 .5 79 .7 59 .7 39 .4 19 .6 7 .9 0 . 2
u 22 .4 21 .4 18 .9 15 .2 9 .5 4 .9 -0 . 1
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00Mexp ((-1/1 .00) Xln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 17-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\SILICAGE


0
EXPANDED CLA Y agyaggranultum 910 kg/m 3 20 .0 0
0.6
+
0.5
0 .4 -
0.3
--
0
0.2
0. 1 ---~'~ 0
~-
0 .0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
98 .1 98 .5 94 .7 95 .4 84 .5 85 .2 65 .2 65 .6 43 .9 43 .5 20 .3 20 . 5
u 0 .53 0 .43 0 .38 0 .33 0 .26 0 .21 0 .16 0 .12 0 .15 0 .12 0 .11 0 .0 7
Approximation :
u= 6 .05E-01)exp ((-1/2 .20) %ln (1-ln () / 2 .35E-02) )

20 .5 20 .1 43 .7 44 .1 65 .4 64 .7 84 .9 84 .6 95 .3 94 .6 97 .9 98 . 7
u 0 .05 0 .10 0 .11 0 .14 0 .11 0 .14 0 .11 0 .14 0 .16 0 .19 0 .16 0 .2 4
Approximation :
u= 9 .09E-01xexp ((-1/5 .75) Nln (1-ln () / 3 .18E-06) )
No scanning value s

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : expcla20 .91 0


expandlt polisztirol
EXPANDED POLYSTYREN 31 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

~ nedvessg tartalom m%
ca)
9
u
ai 8 }
a
.1-)
.0 7 +
CY)
o+
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
97 .9 95 .1 84 .5 65 .1 44 .5 20 . 0
u 7 .98 7 .02 5 .56 4 .75 4 .04 1 .9 8
Approximation :
u= 8 .02E+00xexp ((-1/1 .62) Xln (1-ln () / 2 .80E-01) )

20 .3 42 .9 65 .0 85 .3 94 .4 97 . 9
u 2 .97 4 .06 3 .95 3 .97 4 .99 4 .9 9
Approximation :
u= 5 .32E+00)(exp ((-1/7 .60) *ln (1-ln () / 4 .39E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\EXPPOL20 .031

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK,Building Materials Laborator y

poliuretn hab
URETHANE FOA M 25 kg/m 3 20 .O e C
12
o.
4-, 0
) 10
..,
a)
I 8
c 6
a)
~
c
0 4
U
a)
L
D 2
4-,
u)
. .-I
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

20 .2 43 .4 65 .0 85 .2 94 .6 97 . 7
u 6 .1 6 .4 8 .3 10 .8 12 .1 12 . 2
Approximation :
u= 1 .30E+01xexp ((-1/2 .56) xln (1-ln () / 2 .15E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\UREFOA20 .025


zselatin
GELATINE 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
ca) 14
U
~O. 1 2
4-)
rn 10
.,.i
a)
3
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
measured sorption value s
0 .2 9 .9 19 .8 30 .3 40 .2 50 .3 60 .0 69 .9 79 .9 89 . 8
u 0 .0 0 .8 1 .7 2 .5 3 .5 4 .6 6 .0 7 .5 9 .2 10 .9
Approximation :
u= 1 .31E+01xexp ((-1/0 .23) xln (1-ln () / 2 .54E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 14-10-85 Initials : KKH File : gelatin e


POTATOS krumpli 0 kg/m 3 20 .0 6 C

4-P nedvessg tartalom m%
c
45
m 40
a
L 35
~
.~,
30

o
25 +
0.) 10 +
~ +
5
.ru)., +
0 +
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
93 .4 92 .0 90 .5 88 .5 85 .3 82 .0 77 .1 75 .3 63 .5 61 .0 50 .5 45 .7 43 .1 35 .7 31 .4 2 1
u 49 .9 44 .9 39 .8 34 .8 29 .7 24 .9 21 .5 20 .7 16 .3 15 .6 13 .3 12 .7 12 .0 10 .9 10 .2 !
Approximation :
u= 3 .72E+02Mexp ((1/1 .67) Xln (1ln () / 2 .43E03) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Density not indicated .

Also measurements at 40C, 60C and 80C .

der Trocknungstechnik . SpringerVerlag . Berlin .
Date : 171085 Initials : KKH File : \M U\POTATOS


RUSK pirts 0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C

O. 14
:4
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity ti) - %

relatv lgnedvessg %
M measured sorption value s
ti)0 .0 10 .0 20 .1 30 .3 40 .1 50 .0 60 .1 70 .2 80 .2 90 .0 92 . 4
u 0 .1 1 .9 3 .1 3 .8 4 .3 5 .0 6 .3 8 .4 11 .3 14 .8 15 . 7
Approximation :
u= 2 .10E+01xexp ((1/0 .96) 3ln (1ln () / 2 .55E01) )
No scanning value s

Danish term : Tvebak .

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : \M U\RUSK


RYE rozs 0 kg /m 3 20 .0 * C
c~
" 30
L
N
a
4-) 25
L
o)
.,1
~
3 20
15
c
a)
~
10
C)
20 40 60 80 10 0

% measured sorption value s
15 .5 19 .9 30 .5 40 .6 50 .3 60 .3 70 .1 80 .1 89 .8 96 . 0
u 7 .6 8 .7 10 .5 11 .9 13 .5 15 .2 17 .2 19 .9 24 .2 31 . 3
Approximation :
u= 3 .81E+01*exp ((-1/2 .21) xln (1-ln () / 7 .07E-02) )
No scanning value s

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : rye20


kemnyt
STARCH 0 kg/m 3 O .O 0 C
nedvessg tartalom m% 4
d 12
C.
-P 4
rn
.~ ,
10
a)
a
c 6
a,
~
c
0 4
U
a)
C_
4-, 2

.~ ,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 .2 10 .1 20 .0 30 .4 40 .6 50 .2 60 .1 70 .2 80 .4 90 . 2
u 0 .1 2 .2 4 .0 5 .5 6 .6 7 .4 8 .3 9 .4 11 .0 13 . 4
Approximation :
u= 1 .43E+01*exp ((1/0 .39) *ln (1 ln () / 2 .38E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : starch


TOBACCO dohny 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

40
a
r~ 35
.~,
30
25
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

measured sorption values
0 .0 9 .7 20 .0 30 .4 40 .3 50 .4 60 .1 70 .2 80 .1 90 . 1
u 0 .0 5 .9 8 .9 11 .3 13 .5 16 .2 19 .9 25 .1 33 .6 50 .0
Approximation :
u= 9 .11E+Olxexp ((-1/1 .20) Xln (1--ln () / 9 .85E-02) )
No scanning value s

Date : 14-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\TOBACC O


WHEAT bza 0 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

4-1
a)
~
L
G 20
CI
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
m measured sorption value s
24 .9 30 .3 40 .1 50 .0 60 .2 70 .1 80 .1 90 .2 93 . 7
u 9 .2 9 .9 11 .1 12 .4 13 .6 15 .1 17 .1 20 .1 22 .4
Approximation :
u= 2 .66E+01)(exp ((1/2 .53) *ln (1ln () / 1 .09E01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : wheat2 0


Sorption of water in building
material s
COKE koksz 0 kg/m 3 O .O ' C

0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity $ %
relatv lgnedvessg %
14 .7 19 .7 29 .7 39 .6 50 .0 59 .8 70 .2 80 .1 90 . 5
u 0 .41 0 .50 0 .65 0 .77 0 .89 1 .02 1 .17 1 .35 1 .5 1
Approximation :
u= 1 .68E+00xexp ((-1/0 .59) xln (1-ln () / 1 .53E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : coke


Sorption of water kavics
in building
0-8mm material s
GRAVEL 0 -- 8 mm Nymoelle 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

L 7 i
Q)
4
a) 6
4
5
+'
c 4
a)
~
c 3
0
u
~ 2
+
L
++
n
.r.,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

99 .7 99 .6 99 .4 97 .9 94 .8 94 .8 97 .7 94 .7 95 .7 93 .8 91 .5 58 .9 54 .9 53 .i 48 . 0
u 7 .01 6 .46 5 .39 4 .98 3 .56 3 .08 2 .27 1 .96 1 .48 1 .54 1 .02 0 .42 0 .42 0 .31 0 .3 1
Approximation :
u= 8 .07E+00xexp (( 1/1 .31) xln (1 ln () / 1 .19E 02) )
No scanning value s
Litterature : Nielsen, Anders : Sorption properties of concret e

with alkalisilica reactive aggregate .
Technological Institute . Denmark . 1984 .
Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\GRAVEL


hordalk homok, finom
DILUVIALSAND fine 0 kg/m 3 23 .0 6 C
U)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

99 .0 97 .1 92 .1 74 .8 22 .8 10 . 7
u 6 .00 2 .67 2 .03 1 .42 0 .60 0 .4 1
Approximation :
u= 6 .00E+00Iexp ((-1/2 .69) *ln (1-ln () / 4 .17E-03) )

10 .7 22 .9 75 .0 92 .1 97 .2 99 . 0
u 0 .29 0 .52 1 .08 1 .69 2 .26 5 .9 9
Approximation :
u= 6 .27E+00*exp ((-1/2 .60) aln (1-ln () / 2 .37E-03) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Boring 100 on the campus of Technica l

University of Denmark in Lyngby made b y
Danish Geotechnical Institute .
Litterature : Hansen, Kurt Kielsgaard : Luftsolfangere o g

varmelagring i jord . Medd . 118 . Thermal Ins .
Lab ., Technical University of Denmark .1982 .
Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\DILUSAND


KAOLIN 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
~
c
a)
U
-1-
c
)
0
U
+
a) +
L
d- )
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
90 .7 80 .0 60 .5 40 .4 24 .7 19 . 7
u 1 .35 1 .21 1 .00 0 .74 0 .49 0 .4 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+OOxexp ((-1/1 .00) xln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \DJC\KAOLINK


KIESELGUHR
perlit, zeolit
0 kg/m 3 O .0 6 C
C-
a)
O.
3
s
a)
.~
a)
I 2
4)
C
QI
.~
C
0
c~ 1
a)
C-
+
n
-1--)
U3
., .-i
O
E 0
0 20 40 60 60 10 0

91 .4 88 .6 80 .2 71 .1 60 .2 40 .1 19 .5 12 .7 0 .0
u 3 .28 3 .00 2 .47 1 .99 1 .60 1 .09 0 .66 0 .49 0 .00
Approximation :
u= 4 .08E+00xexp ((-1/0 .85) 3ln (1-ln () / 4 .21E-0i) )
No scanning value s

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\KIESELG K


KIESELGUHR perlit, zeolit 0 kg/m 3 O .O * C

.1-3
a)
U
L
m
Q.
~
t
ol
.~,
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 .1 9 .6 19 .8 30 .0 39 .7 50 .0 60 .0 70 .2 80 .2 90 . 1
u 0 .01 0 .40 0 .61 0 .83 1 .08 1 .31 1 .57 1 .94 2 .51 3 .23
Approximation :
u= 4 . 18E+00xexp ((-1/0 .80) %ln (1-ln () / 4 .44E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : kieselg u


GYPSUM
Gipsz
0 kg/m 3 O .O C
c
a)
U
L
a)
O.
1
-1.-
Ql 2
.-I
a)
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

68 .1 70 .1 80 .1 86 .1 92 . 0
u 0 .00 0 .03 0 .35 1 .01 2 .0 7
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp ((-1/1 .00) xln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\GYPSUM


GYPSU M Gipsz 1340 kg /m 3 0 .0 0 C
a)
U
+
0
L.)
+
p
O
E 1
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity % relatv lgnedvessg %

90 .3 87 .6 86 .0 84 .3 81 .6 80 .0 70 . 3
u 1 .70 1 .25 0 .99 0 .77 0 .48 0 .33 0 .0 1
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00)exp ((1/1 .00) m1n (1In () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Temperature not indicated .

der Trocknungstechnih . SpringerVerlag . Berlin .
Date : 161085 Initials : KKH File : \D_K\GYPSUMK .134


gipszvakolat, finom
PLASTER OF PARI S 1240 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
{
I 1 !
.__
0 20 40 60! 80 10 0
( relative humidity $ - X relatv lgnedvessg %

94 .7 79 .8 44 .6 20 . 3
u 5 .95 3 .00 1 .14 0 .6 5
Approximation :
u= 8 .81E+00*exp ((-1/1 .06) *ln (1-ln () / 1 .05E-01) )

20 .3 43 .6 64 .7 85 .0 94 .7 97 . 4
u 0 .65 0 .71 1 .42 2 .45 2 .97 3 .6 8
Approximation :
u= 3 .97E+00*exp ((-1/1 .09) *ln (1-ln () / 2 .03E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\PLASTE20 .124


E .P . PAINT epoxi festk 1287 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .99 1 .36 1 .77 2 .21 2 .4 0
Approximation :
u= 2 . 44E+00xexp ((1/0 .36) xln (1ln () / 1 .84E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Coating electrodeposited paint .
Litterature : Yaseen, M ., Funke, W . : Effect of temperature o n

water absorption and permeation properties o f
coatings . J . Oil Col . Chem . Assoc . 61, 1978 .
Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \DJ<\EPPAINT


LAC Q UER -1 Lakk 1222 kg/m 3 23 .0 6 C
~
c
a)
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .71 1 .02 1 .40 1 .87 1 .9 9
Approximation :
u= 2 . 05E+00xexp ((1/0 .29) xln (1ln () / 1 .92E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Clear coating of lacquer 1 . Solids : Alkydal R35W ,

Resydrol WM501 .

Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACQUEI


LACQUER-1P Lakk 1626 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

4) 50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .63 1 .00 1 .51 2 .22 2 .4 4
Approximation :
u= 2 .54E+00xexp ((-1/0 .30) xln (1-ln () / 1 .32E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pigmented coating of lacquer 1 . Solids : Alkyda l

R35W, Resydrol WM501 .

coatings . J . Oil Col . Chem . Assoc . 61 . 1978 .
Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : L\LACOUE1P .


LACQUER- 2 Lakk 1152 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
L
N
a
3
4J
01
..1
Q]
0
0
0
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .64 0 .91 1 .27 1 .67 1 .8 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp (( 1/1 .00) min (1ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Clear coating of lacquer 2 . Solids : Maprenal WL ,

Resydrol VWY23 .

coatings . J . Oil Col . Chem . Assoc . 61,1978 .
Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACQUE2


Lakk 1532 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
I( !
-+--- _-. _ L {
_ _ i (
0
t
0
I ~ j
~ i
0
!
1
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .56 0 .84 1 .20 1 .62 1 .7 4
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00Nexp ((1/1 .00) )ln (1ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pigmented coating of lacquer 2 . Solids : Maprena l

WL, Resydrol VWY23 .

Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACOUE2 P


Lakk 1235 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
0
0
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 1 .18 1 .69 2 .31 3 .02 3 .2 3
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00mexp ((1/1 .00) aln (11n () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Lacquer 4 . Solids : Alkynol 1363W, Resydrol WM501 .

Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACQUE4


NC -LAC Q UER Lakk 1226 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .47 0 .72 0 .98 1 .28 1 .4 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .42E+00Xexp ((--1/0 .12) )1n (1--ln () / 5 .09E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Clear coating of NC-lacquer . Solids : NC E51 0

dried, Castor oil, Dioctylphthalate .

Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACOUENC


NC -LACOUERP Lakk 1628 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
I
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .30 0 .41 0 .53 0 .66 0 .7 2
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp ((-1/1 .00) *ln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pigmented coating of NC-lacquer . Solids : NC 510 ,

Castor oil, Dioctylphthalate .

Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACOUNCP


Vinil lakk
VINYL LACQUER 1232 kg/m 3 23 .0 0 C
-i- 1
C
a) nedvessg tartalom m%
U
C-
a)
~a 3
L
n
r
. r .,
a)
3
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

50 .0 65 .0 80 .0 94 .5 98 . 5
u 0 .10 0 .14 0 .19 0 .25 0 .2 7
Approximation :
u= 2 .77E01*exp ((1/0 .43) *In (1In () / 1 .24E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Clear coating of Vinyl lacquer .Solids : Vinylit e

VYHH .

Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \L\LACOUEV


LEATHER Br 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
nedvessg tartalom m% *
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
0 .0 9 .9 20 .2 30 .4 40 .3 50 .1 60 .0 70 .0 80 .1 89 . 7
u 0 .0 3 .8 7 .4 10 .4 13 .0 15 .6 18 .1 20 .8 23 .8 28 . 6
Approximation :
u= 3 .14E+01mexp ((-1/0 .29) *ln (1-ln () / 2 .98E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LEATHER


Knnybeton
LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRETE 0 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
4J
.c
.,i 8
a~
3
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

17 .5 38 .5 58 .0 77 .5 92 . 0
u 1 .30 2 .00 2 .80 3 .30 4 .5 0
Approximation :
u= 5 . 15E+00xexp ((-1/1 .28) xln (1-ln () / 3 .94E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete with expanded clay aggregate, C=17 0

=
kg/m3, w/c 0 .50, wn/C=0 .22 .
Density not indicated .

Date : 18- 4-86 Initials : KKH File : \L\LWCONC20 .


Knnybeton
4-)
m
.~,
8
au
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

95 .2 95 .0 80 .1 80 .5 60 .1 60 .7 43 .5 43 .1 40 .2 40 .4 20 .1 19 . 6
u 10 .5 10 .5 7 .5 7 .3 6 .0 5 .7 5 .0 4 .7 4 .7 4 .5 2 .9 2 . 7
Approximation :
u= 1 .18E+01xexp ((-1/1 .67) xln (1-ln (0)/ 2 .13E-01) )

25 .0 25 .2 45 .2 45 .6 65 .2 65 .5 85 .1 85 .3 95 .5 95 .8 98 .1 98 . 5
u 2 .7 3 .0 3 .2 3 .4 3 .9 4 .1 5 .0 5 .2 7 .7 7 .9 9 .3 9 . 5
Approximation :
u= 1 .27E+01xexp ((-1/3 . 17) xln (1-ln () / 1 .09E-02) )

43 .5 65 .4 65 .6 85 .9 84 .9 95 . 2
u 4 .7 4 .9 5 .3 5 .5 5 .9 8 . 4
Notes : Concrete with expanded clay aggregate, ope n

porosity = 47% .

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LWCONC20 .640


Knnybeton
nedvessg tartalom m% +
a) 20
d
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

98 .0 97 .7 95 .3 95 .7 85 .0 85 .4 65 .5 65 .0 45 .6 45 .4 20 .0 20 . 3
u 22 .8 18 .5 13 .0 11 .1 11 .0 9 .4 8 .0 6 .7 5 .7 4 .6 2 .8 2 . 5
Approximation :
u= 7 .35E+01xexp ((-1/2 .59) xln (1-ln () / 7 .16E-04) )

25 .5 25 .7 45 .2 45 .4 65 .6 65 .9 85 .3 84 .7 95 .4 94 .9 98 .3 98 . 6
u 2 .3 2 .7 2 .8 3 .4 3 .5 4 .4 4 .5 6 .0 7 .4 8 .5 10 .0 10 . 7
Approximation :
u= 1 .35E+01xexp ((-1/2 .68) xln (1-ln () / 1 .51E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Concrete with expanded clay aggregate, C=27 0

kg/m3, std ., w/c=0 .46, wn/C=0 .23, porou s
aggregate = 210 kg/m3, sand=120 kg/m3 .

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LWCONC20 .670


Knnybeton
-I-)
i
. .,
8
a) +
J--
+
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .9 94 .5 79 .5 79 .8 60 .0 59 .5 42 .8 43 .4 39 .7 40 .4 19 .4 19 . 9
u 7 .3 6 .9 6 .1 5 .8 5 .4 5 .0 4 .7 4 .4 4 .5 4 .4 3 .2 3 . 0
Approximation :
u= 7 .21E+00xexp ((-1/0 .79) xln (1-ln () / 1 .82E+00) )

24 .5 24 .3 44 .9 45 .4 65 .1 65 .3 85 .1 84 .8 97 .8 98 . 1
u 2 .8 3 .0 3 .3 3 .4 3 .9 4 .1 4 .3 5 .0 6 .4 6 .9
Approximation :
u= 7 .71E+00xexp ((-1/4 .24) xln (1-ln () / 2 .42E-02) )
94 .9 94 .7 84 .9 85 .1 65 .1 64 .9 45 .2 45 .3 45 .3 45 .6 65 .2 64 .7 85 .2 85 . 5
u 6 .6 6 .2 5 .7 5 .5 4 .9 4 .7 4 .5 4 .3 u 4 .3 4 .5 4 .4 4 .5 4 .7 4 . 9
Notes : Concrete with expanded clay aggregate ,

1200 kg/m3, open porosity=45% .

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LWCONC20 .12 0


Ytong
SIPOREX 760 kg/m 3 50 .0 0 C
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

89 .7 79 .6 60 .2 39 .8 19 .5 9 . 1
u 4 .60 3 .71 2 .70 2 .20 1 .56 0 .9 9
Approximation :
u= 5 .73E+00*exp ((-1/1 .38) Mln (1-ln () / 2 .94E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :
Litterature : Krischer . 0 . : Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlage n

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\SIPOREXK .760


YTONG Sipore x
Ytong
520 kg/m 3 50 .0 0 C
.4-0 I f
c
a)
U
L 10
CU
C.
d-1
Q)
,-~
a)
+
1
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

89 .9 79 .8 77 .1 65 .8 39 .8 20 .0 6 .3 0 . 2
u 6 .68 5 .28 4 .99 4 .01 2 .94 2 .12 0 .99 0 .00
Approximation :
u= 7 .82E+0Oxexp ((-1/0 .89) *ln (1-ln () / 5 .82E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 161085 Initials : KKH File : \V Z\YTONGKRI .520


mszcement habarcs
LIMECEMENTMORTAR 1800 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity 0 - % relatv lgnedvessg %

+ measured desorption values
95 .1 95 .3 79 .7 80 .8 60 .1 60 .5 40 .6 41 .0 20 .1 20 . 7
u 3 .82 3 .61 2 .45 2 .09 1 .48 1 .16 0 .94 0 .64 0 .56 0 .37
Approximation :
u= 4 .47E+00Xexp ((-1/0 .80) Xln (1-ln () / 3 .07E-01) )

25 .2 25 .6 45 .3 45 .6 65 .0 64 .7 85 .6 85 .0 95 .6 95 .9 98 .3 98 . 6
u 0 .32 0 .47 0 .41 0 .64 0 .63 0 .89 1 .33 1 .58 2 .61 2 .68 3 .37 3 .4 9
Approximation :
u= 4 .22E+00xexp ((-1/1 .40) xln (1-ln () / 4 .61E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Lime-cement mortar 35/65/550, open porosity=31% .

Date : 7-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LICEMO20 .55 0


mszhabarcs
LIME MORTAR 1800 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
L
a1
0.
~
L
01
., 1
a1

0 20 40 60 80 10 0

90 .7 79 .9 67 .1 60 .3 40 .2 19 .9 0 . 4
u 1 .86 1 .40 0 .99 0 .85 0 .58 0 .41 0 .00
Approximation :
u= 2 .49E+00*exp ((-1/0 .89) 3ln (1-ln () / 3 .25E-01) )
No scanning value s

der trocknungstechnik . Springer-Verlag . Berlin .
Gottingen . Heidelberg .1963 .
Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LIMMORTK .18 0


mszvakols
LIME RENDERING x.600 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
~
C
a)
U nedvessg tartalom m%
C-
a)
Q.
-1- J
~ 2
.~,
a)
O
E p
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
90 .3 80 .1 60 .1 40 .2 19 .9 0 . 1
u 1 .6 1 .0 0 .5 0 .4 0 .2 0 . 0
Approximation :
u= 3 .29E+00xexp ((1/1 .07) *ln (1ln () / 8 .57E-02) )
No scanning value s

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LIMPLASK .160


msz-homokk
LIME-SANDSTONE 1700 kg/m 3 20 .O 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .1 95 .0 79 .1 79 .7 59 .7 60 .0 39 .7 40 .1 19 .3 19 . 6
u 5 .36 5 .09 2 .91 2 .59 1 .82 1 .58 1 .39 1 .25 1 .17 0 .89
Approximation :
u= 9 .02E+00*exp ((-1/1 .70) *ln (1-ln () / 3 .58E-02) )

24 .7 24 .2 23 .9 45 .2 44 .9 44 .6 64 .8 64 .5 85 .1 84 .7 84 .5 95 .0 94 .6 97 .7 98 . 0
u 0 .84 1 .02 1 .13 1 .15 1 .31 1 .44 1 .50 1 .72 1 .92 2 .02 2 .15 3 .34 3 .44 4 .61 4 .7 4
Approximation :
u= 1 .85E+01xexp ((-1/2 .69) aln (1-ln () / 5 .34E-04) )

94 .4 84 .8 64 . 5
u 3 .59 2 .89 1 .9 3

Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : limsan20 .17 0


msz-homokk
LIME-SANDSTONE 1800 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .5 94 .9 79 .8 80 .3 59 .8 60 .2 39 .9 40 . 2
u 6 .14 5 .95 3 .67 3 .54 2 .45 2 .36 1 .99 1 .9 1
Approximation :
u= 9 .61E+00)exp ((-1/2 .04) min (1-ln (0) / 3 .42E-02) )

25 .2 44 .8 45 .2 65 .1 64 .8 84 .9 84 .7 95 .4 95 .0 97 .7 97 . 5
u 1 .43 1 .67 1 .79 1 .93 2 .05 2 .36 2 .45 3 .79 3 .87 4 .80 5 .1 4
Approximation :
u= 1 .49E+01%exp ((-1/3 . 11) xln (1-ln () / 7 .68E-04) )

97 .5 85 .0 64 .6 65 .0 42 .9 43 .2 19 .3 19 .6 43 .2 65 .2 84 . 8
u 5 .15 3 .67 2 .69 2 .52 2 .10 1 .99 1 .52 1 .44 u 2 .00 2 .19 2 .57

Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \L\LIMSAN20 .180


msz-homokk
LIME-SANDSTONE 1830 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
0
.
~
~ ,,
~/ :
A
i -- T,
+1---- - 4-- ,
1I
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

95 .4 94 .9 80 .1 80 .1 60 .0 60 .2 40 .4 40 .1 20 .2 20 . 2
u 6 .00 5 .15 2 .29 2 .02 1 .75 1 .52 1 .37 1 .12 0 .98 0 .77
Approximation :
u = 3 .97E+01*exp ((-1/1 .79) *ln (1-ln () / 1 .49E-03) )

20 .2 19 .8 45 .2 44 .8 64 .3 65 .5 85 .3 84 .9 95 .9 95 .5 95 .2 98 .2 98 . 6
u 0 .77 0 .57 0 .79 1 .03 0 .77 1 .12 1 .07 1 .33 2 .24 2 .35 2 .51 4 .05 4 .4 5
Approximation :
u= 2 .45E+01*exp ((-1/2 .13) *ln (1--1n () / 3 .72E-04) )

43 .0 65 .5 85 .5 94 . 5
u 1 .35 1 .46 1 .66 2 .6 9

Inst . of techn . Report 36 . Lund, Sweden, 1972 .
Date : 4-10-85 Initials : KKH File : limsan20 .16 3


mszk, szrke
LIMESTONE grey 2700 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
~c
nedvessg tartalom m% 0
0.9
U
a) 0 .2
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

19 .9 19 .5 43 .6 43 .9 65 .4 65 .0 84 .7 85 .2 95 .5 95 .2 97 .9 98 . 2
u 0 .09 0 .12 0 .18 0 .21 0 .29 0 .33 0 .44 0 .49 0 .71 0 .74 0 .90 0 .94
Approximation :
u= 1 .11E+00xexp ((1/1 .65) *ln (1ln () / 5 .02E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \1\limest20 .27 0


linleum
LINOLEUM CARPET 2 mm . 1200 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
ca ) 14
U
Laa) 12
3-)
-C
.ri
1
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity 0 %
+ measured desorption value s relatv lgnedvessg %
94 .7 80 .0 60 .1 40 .0 20 . 1
u 11 .0 7 .4 4 .9 3 .4 2 . 2
Approximation :
u= 1 .32E+01xexp ((1/1 . 18) xln (1ln () / 2 .26E01) )

25 .3 44 .9 65 .5 85 .2 95 .2 97 . 9
u 2 .1 2 .9 4 .6 7 .1 10 .8 12 . 8
Approximation :
u= 1 .49E+01xexp ((-1/1 .51) xln (1ln () / 7 .95E02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 91085 Initials : KKH File : \L\LINCAR20 .120


PVC-padl
PLASTIC CARPET (PVC) 1200 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
a)
U
C-
a)
Q.
L
01
N
3
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity $ %
relatv lgnedvessg %

25 .0 44 .4 64 .9 85 .0 94 .8 97 . 9
u 0 .09 0 .21 0 .35 0 .69 1 .17 1 .4 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .63E+00Mexp ((-1/0 .86) xln (1ln () / 1 .54E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Plastic carpet (PVC) 3 mm .

Inst . of Techn . Report 36, Lund, Sweden . 1972 .
Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\PLACAR20 .120


veggyapot
GLASS WOOL 18 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
97 .6 94 .5 84 .4 64 .8 43 .1 20 . 0
u 4 .17 2 .92 2 .15 1 .71 1 .44 1 .0 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .40E+01xexp ((-1/3 .14) xln (1-ln () / 5 .11E-04) )

20 .4 43 .4 64 .5 84 .9 95 .1 98 . 0
u 0 .87 1 .24 1 .44 1 .73 1 .88 2 .6 3
Approximation :
u= 5 .45E+00xexp ((-1/4 .75) xln (1-ln () / 5 .48E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : glwoo120 .018


GLASS WOOL
veggyapot
0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C
0 . 8
a
L
n
r
0 . 7
. .~
0 .6
0.5
D
C 0 . 4
a.)
~
. 3
0
c.>
a) 0 .2
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

24 .5 29 .8 39 .8 50 .1 60 .0 70 .0 80 .2 90 .3 95 . 3
u 0 .30 0 .35 0 .45 0 .55 0 .65 0 .75 0 .85 0 .95 1 .0 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .05E+00xexp ((-1/0 . 12) %ln (1-ln () / 9 .01E+00) )
No scanning value s

regeln . R . Oldenbourg . Munchen, Wien . 1964 .
Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : glaswool


ROCK WOOL kzetgyapot 42 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

~
a)
U
a)
o.
-P
o .)
L
.~
a)
7
.4.J
C
a)
O
E Q
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 97 .8 94 .7 84 .5 64 .9 44 .9 20 . 1
u 1 .58 1 .06 0 .81 0 .63 0 .58 0 .5 0
Approximation :
u= 4 .42E+00xexp ((-1/3 .45) xln (1-ln () / 5 .58E-04) )

20 .1 43 .4 65 .0 85 .2 94 .5 97 . 5
u 0 .50 0 .55 0 .59 0 .70 0 .76 0 .8 0
Approximation :
u= 2 .73E+00xexp ((-1/8 .88) xln (1-ln () / 5 .91E-07) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : rowoo120 .042


FILTER PAPER szrpapr 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

a) 8
o.
4-1
.c 7
o)
cu 6
c 4
a)
4-)
c 3
o
c_,
a) 2
L
4-1
1
.H
0
E
0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity fl - % relatv lgnedvessg %

fl 0 .1 9 .7 20 .2 30 .5 40 .1 50 .4 60 .1 70 .2 80 .0 89 . 8
u 0 .0 1 .8 2 .7 3 .5 4 .3 5 .1 6 .0 7 .1 8 .4 10 .0
Approximation :
u= 1 .168+01NexpH-1/0 .59)*ln(1-In(fl)/ 1 .11E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : filtpap e


NEWSPRINT jsgpapr 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

-N
g
U
m 8
a
4-3
.c 7
o,
o) 6
4-3
c 4
4-J
c 3
0
Q1 2
C..
U)
.~ ,
0
s 0
0 20 40 6o 80 10 0

3 measured sorption value s
0 .0 9 .9 20 .1 30 .4 40 .1 50 .5 60 .1 70 .1 80 .0 90 . 0
u 0 .00 1 .76 2 .66 3 .38 4 .01 4 .76 5 .62 6 .51 7 .65 8 .95
Approximation :
u= 1 .02E+01xexp ((-1/0 .63) xln (1-ln () / 1 .15E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \m U\newspri n

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF q ENMARK, Building Materials Laborator y

rostos cellulz
SODA CELLULOSE 0 kg/m 3 O .O e C
cw 14 nedvessg tartalom m%
c.3
Lan) 12
.i-)
) 10
.,i
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

36 .6 40 .1 50 .4 60 .1 70 .1 80 .1 89 .8 92 . 2
u 5 .6 5 .9 6 .6 7 .5 8 .4 9 .7 11 .4 11 .9
Approximation :
u= 1 .39E+01Eexp ((1/1 .84) fln (1ln (0) / 2 .35E01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : sodacel l


RUBBER gumi 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 e C

0 .5
C 0 . 4
a)
d- P
0 .3
20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity 1 - X relatv lgnedvessg %

33 .8 39 .7 50 .0 59 .8 70 .0 80 .3 90 . 2
u 0 .36 0 .42 0 .53 0 .65 0 .76 0 .89 1 .0 1
Approximation :
u= 1 . 14E+00xexp ((-1/0 .12) xln (1-ln () / 7 .21E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : rubber


vrs homokk
SANDSTONE red 2700 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
~
a)
U 0
LaOi. 4
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %

19 .0 19 .2 43 .0 43 .4 65 .6 65 .2 85 .2 84 .8 95 .1 95 .3 98 .2 98 . 4
u 0 .30 0 .35 0 .35 0 .39 0 .49 0 .60 0 .90 1 .00 1 .63 2 .05 3 .63 4 .45
Approximation :
u= 2 .90E+01xexp ((-1/1 .49) xln (1-ln () / 9 .42E-04) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \mji\sandst20 .27 0


ACETATE
acett 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
42 .2 50 .6 60 .6 70 .5 80 .3 90 . 6
u 1 .89 2 .49 3 .35 4 .10 4 .94 5 .6 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+005exp ((-1/1 .00) Eln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \A_0\ACETATE

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK, Building .Materials Laborator y

gyapot
COTTON 0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C
~ 16
n
)k
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 .1 10 .0 20 .4 30 .6 40 .5 50 .4 60 .6 70 .8 80 .4 90 .4 95 . 4
u 0 .1 2 .4 3 .9 4 .8 5 .5 6 .4 7 .7 8 .8 10 .5 14 .2 17 .7
Approximation :
u= 2 . 12E+01xexp ((1/ 1 .39) xln (1ln () / 1 .49E01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : cotto n


JUTE juta kender 0 kg/m 3 O .O 0 C

4-1
0
.~,
0
E Q
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
0 .2 10 .0 20 .3 30 .8 40 .9 50 .5 60 .7 70 .5 80 .4 90 .0 92 . 6
u 0 .1 4 .1 5 .7 7 .1 8 .5 9 .9 11 .8 14 .0 17 .0 20 .5 21 . 4
Approximation :
u= 2 .45E+01*exp ((-1/0 .81) xln (1-ln () / 6 .44E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 1510 85 Initials : KKH File : jute


JUTE WEB juta hl 100 kg/m 3 20 .0 C

~
a)
" 30
L
a)
n
4-) 25
0
~ 0
0 20 40 60 60 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
94 .5 79 .3 59 .3 39 .2 19 . 7
u 30 .0 19 .7 12 .4 8 .6 5 . 9
Approximation :
u= 3 .68E+01)exp ((-1/1 .17) *1n (1-In () / 2 .11E-01) )

25 .2 44 .5 64 .2 84 .3 94 .7 98 . 0
u 6 .5 8 .0 11 .3 20 .0 29 .5 33 . 2
Approximation :
u= 3 .74E+01xexp ((-1/1 .26) )Eln (1-ln () / 1 .41E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \DJK\JUTWEB20 .100


vszon
LINEN 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
ca ) 1 4 nedvessg tartalom m%
U
~a 12
.r., 1 0
)
a)
4-i
C
0
L)
a)
L
~
N
r l
0
E l ~ ~ I I I
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
0 .0 9 .6 20 .0 30 .2 40 .2 50 .2 60 .3 70 .4 80 .2 89 . 8
u 0 .00 1 .93 3 .30 4 .25 4 .90 5 .54 6 .17 7 .13 8 .22 9 .97
Approximation :
u= 1 .09E+01)(exp ((1/0 .64) 3ln (1ln () / 1 .28E+00) )
No scanning value s

Date : 151085 Initials : KKH File : \L\LINE N


6-POLYAMID poliamid
0 kg /m 3 20 .0 0 C
C 9 nedvessg tartalom m%
m
U
m 8
a
4.) 7
t
01
...~
a) 6
,. ,
c 4
o.i
4-i
c 3
0
~
+' 1
.r.,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
0 91 .0 80 .5 60 .2 39 .9 19 .9 0 . 0
u 7 .92 6 .34 4 .16 2 .75 1 .66 0 .0 2
Approximation :
u= 9 .50E+00xexp ((-1/0 .64) xln (1-ln (0)/ 7 .51E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 17-10-85 Initials : KKH File : polyami d


SILK selyem 0 kg/m 3 O .O 0 C

-w
c
U
N 20
O.
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 .2 9 .8 20 .3 30 .5 40 .7 50 .5 60 .5 70 .5 80 .5 90 . 2
u -0 .1 4 .7 6 .2 7 .2 8 .0 8 .9 9 .9 12 .6 15 .7 19 .0
Approximation :
u= 2 .36E+01*exp ((-1/1 . 15) 3ln (1-ln () / 3 .52E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : sil k


gyapj
WOOL 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
4-)
o)
U
W 20
O.
0 20 40 60 BO 10 0

0 .0 9 .8 19 .9 30 .1 40 .4 50 .2 60 .2 70 .2 80 .2 90 . 2
u 0 .0 5 .8 7 .8 9 .6 11 .3 13 .2 15 .1 17 .2 19 .6 22 .8
Approximation :
u= 2 .50E+01*exp ((-1/0 .63) *ln (1-ln () / 1 .40E+00) )
No scanning value s
Litterature : Luck, Winfried : Feuchtigkeit . Grundlagen . messen ,

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \VJ\WOO L


gyapj
WOOL 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C
4J
n)
U
a) 2 0
O.
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
10 .0 20 .0 30 .0 40 .0 50 .0 60 .0 70 .0 80 .0 90 . 0
u 4 .7 7 .0 8 .9 10 .8 12 .8 14 .9 17 .2 19 .9 23 .4
Approximation :
u= 2 .67E+01Mexp ((-1/0 .72) min (1-ln () / 9 .84E-01) )
No scanning value s
Notes :
Litterature : Lykow, A .W . : Transporterscheinungen i n

kapillarporosen korpern . Akademie-Verlag ,
Berlin . 1958 .
Date : 17-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \V_2\WOOLLY K


bkkfa
BEECH 750 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
" 30
~ +
a)
a.
+) 25
.c
n
r
.,,
a)
3 20
+, 15
c
a)
4J
10
U
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 94 .6 94 .9 89 .6 89 .3 79 .4 79 .7 64 .8 65 .0 45 .1 45 .4 20 .3 20 . 6
u 28 .8 27 .2 24 .9 23 .9 19 .5 19 .3 14 .3 14 .2 10 .6 10 .4 5 .8 5 . 4
Approximation :
u= 3 .23E+01Mexp ((-1/1 .03) xln (1-ln () / 3 .35E-01) )

20 .6 20 .8 43 .4 43 .8 64 .8 65 .1 85 .0 84 .7 95 .0 95 .3 98 .0 97 . 7
u 4 .8 5 .0 7 .9 8 .2 11 .0 11 .5 16 .7 17 .0 23 .0 23 .5 29 .7 30 . 3
Approximation :
u= 3 .69E+01xexp ((-1/2 .02) *ln (1-In () / 3 .87E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A_..13\BEECH020 .750


BIRCH nyrfa 600 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

L { - - - - -- - - -- -- - -- ----
I
n.
~
- ~ , .~ -- ~
~ ---
3 20
_
D
15 -j - -- -
I
-
---
- .. .~ .- -
f
~- - _ _ - -- - - - -- - - - -- -
-- -- - - - - - - -_ - --
I- - - - - ----- ~-- - -
`
1 I ~1 1 l
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .5 89 .9 79 .3 64 .3 44 .7 19 . 8
u 29 .3 25 .4 20 .3 15 .5 10 .9 5 . 8
Approximation :
u= 3 .32E+01xexp ((-1/ 0 .99) xln (1-ln () / 3 .82E-0i) )

20 .1 43 .2 65 .1 84 .6 94 .8 98 . 0
u 4 .9 8 .2 11 .6 17 .5 25 .2 31 . 6
Approximation :
u= 3 .72E+01xexp ((--1/1 .77) xln (1-ln () / 5 .78E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10--85 Initials : KKH File : birch020 .60 0


OAK tlgy 780 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

.I.J
c
a)
" 30
L
a)
0.
-+J 25
s
n
r
.,~
a)
20
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .6 94 .9 89 .5 90 .0 79 .7 80 .0 64 .9 65 .1 44 .7 45 .0 20 .4 20 . 5
u 24 .7 24 .0 22 .0 21 .7 19 .3 19 .1 15 .1 15 .0 11 .2 11 .0 6 .4 6 . 2
Approximation :
u= 2 .60E+01*exp ((-i/0 .73) *ln (1-ln () / 8 .90E-01) )

20 .3 20 .5 43 .3 65 .1 65 .4 84 .7 85 .4 94 .9 95 .3 97 .9 98 . 6
u 5 .3 5 .5 8 .3 11 .5 11 .7 16 .3 16 .6 21 .5 21 .9 25 .9 26 . 6
Approximation :
u= 2 .86E+01*exp ((-1/1 .88) *ln (1-ln () / 8 .65E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\OAK00020 .780


oregon feny
OREGON PINE 560 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
a)
" 30
L
a)
D.
-1- , 25
0)
.~,
a)
20
4, 15
c
a)
4J
10
U
a)
5
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .5 94 .7 89 .5 89 .2 79 .9 80 .2 64 .9 64 .6 44 .5 44 .6 19 .9 20 . 3
u 23 .4 22 .8 20 .9 20 .5 18 .2 17 .7 14 .2 13 .8 10 .7 10 .4 6 .2 6 . 1
Approximation :
u= 2 .52E+01Mexp ((-1/0 .94) Min (1-ln () / 6 .01E-01) )

0 19 .5 19 .7 42 .7 43 .0 64 .5 65 .0 84 .9 84 .3 94 .7 94 .5 97 .4 97 . 2
u 5 .2 5 .5 8 .0 8 .2 11 .1 11 .3 16 .0 16 .2 20 .6 21 .1 24 .6 25 . 0
Approximation :
u= 2 .82E+01xexp ((-1/1 .90) Xln (1-ln () / 8 .43E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\OREPIN20 .560


PINE feny 510 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

C_
a)
n
25
t
.r ,
a)
20
~
+) 15
c
a)
~
10
U
a)
C_
d- )
Cf)
e--f
o
E
0
95 .0 94 .8 94 .6 89 .8 90 .4 89 .8 79 .8 80 .3 80 .5 65 .4 65 .8 66 .1 45 .1 45 .6 45 .8 1 !
u 27 .3 27 .1 26 .8 23 .8 23 .6 22 .3 19 .7 19 .6 19 .2 15 .2 14 .9 14 .7 11 .7 11 .6 11 . 2
Approximation :
u = 3 .10E+01xexp ((-1/1 .45) xln (1-ln () / 2 .25E-01) )

20 .5 21 .0 43 .3 43 .5 65 .6 66 .0 85 .8 86 .2 95 .4 95 . 9 98 .2 98 .'5
u 5 .7 6 .2 8 .9 9 .4 12 .0 12 .5 17 .7 18 .2 24 .1 24 . 4 29 .2 29 . 6
Approximation :
u= 3 .29E+01xexp ((-1/2 .09) xln (1-ln () / 5 .67E-02) )

42 .9 65 .1 85 .6 95 . 3
u 11 .2 13 .5 18 .8 25 . 0
Notes :

Date : 3-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\PINE20 .51 0

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK,Building Materials Laborator y

fenykreg, szjcsfa
PINE sapwood 0 kg/m 3 I0 .0 0 C
~
c
" 30
20
7
r, 15
c
a)
~
10
U T
a)
7 S
4-3 L
u)
.r.,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

97 .5 92 .0 83 .3 79 .9 66 .7 59 .4 39 .7 19 .6 0. 0
u 30 .0 25 .0 20 .0 18 .7 14 .9 13 .3 9 .4 5 .3 0 .0
Approximation :
u= 3 .16E+01xexp ((-1/1 .04) xln (1-ln () / 3 .26E-0i) )

0 .2 19 .5 39 .6 59 .4 74 .7 80 .0 87 .5 93 .9 97 . 6
u 0 .0 4 .7 8 .1 11 .6 15 .0 16 .5 20 .0 25 .1 30 . 1
Approximation :
u= 3 .27E+01xexp ((-1/1 .22) xln (1-ln () / 1 .77E-01) )
No scanning value s

der Trocknungstechnik . Springer-Verlag . Berli n
Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\PINE1 0


lucfeny
SPRUCE 420 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
4-)
a)
" 30 8
L
w
a
+ 25
L
0)
.~
20
/
, 15
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
95 .1 95 .6 89 .8 90 .0 80 .0 80 .3 65 .2 65 .4 65 .1 45 .3 45 .1 19 .9 20 .2 20 . 5
u 27 .9 27 .6 24 .5 24 .3 20 .0 19 .9 15 .3 15 .1 14 .8 11 .2 11 .0 6 .5 6 .3 6 . 1
Approximation :
u= 3 .09E+01xexp ((-1/1 .05) x1n (1-ln () / 3 .83E-01) )

20 .5 44 .2 43 .8 65 .5 65 .2 85 .7 86 .0 95 .4 95 .6 98 .5 98 . 7
u 5 .3 8 .5 9 .0 12 .1 12 .5 17 .8 18 .3 24 .7 25 .2 30 .4 30 . 8
Approximation :
u= 3 .37E+01Mexp ((-1/1 .95) Min (1-ln () / 6 .26E-02) )

43 .9 64 .8 85 .8 95 . 3
u 10 .9 13 .1 18 .8 25 . 6
Notes :

Date : 8-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\SPRUCE20 .420


korhadt feny
SOFT ROT DECAYED PINE 0 kg/m 3 0 .0 0 C

~
E 55
U
c_ 50
a)
n'
4.J
45
rn 40
.r .,
a)
35
30
+, 25
c
~ 20
c
0
u 15
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relatv lgnedvessg %
99 .9 97 .2 91 .8 82 .7 58 .1 23 .2 10 . 7
u 56 .1 34 .4 28 .7 21 .8 15 .8 8 .8 7 . 0
Approximation :
u= 5 .68E+01xexp ((1/2 .81) )Eln (1ln () / 1 .19E02) )

10 .8 58 .2 82 .9 91 .9 96 . 9
u 4 .6 12 .7 17 .6 25 .0 33 . 0
Approximation :
u= 4 .34E+01xexp ((1/1 .91) *ln (1ln () / 4 .48E02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :
Litterature : Hoffmeyer, Preben : Mechanical properties of sof t

rotdecayed Scots Pine with special reference t o
wooden poles . Swedish Wood Pres . Inst ., 117, 1975 .
Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \M U\SOFTROT W


fa
WOO D 0 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
L
a)
n
4-, 25
t
~
.H
a)
20
15
c
a)
4-)
10
U
a)
c_
n 5
4-)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

m measured sorption values
9 .4 19 .9 30 .0 40 .1 50 .1 60 .4 70 .2 80 .1 90 .1 98 . 4
u 3 .1 5 .2 6 .9 8 .5 10 .1 12 .0 14 .3 17 .2 21 .3 26 .8
Approximation :
u= 2 .77E+013exp ((1/1 .01) xln (1ln () / 3 .71E01) )
No scanning value s
Notes : T .I . official curve .

Density not indicated .
Litterature : Technological Institute, Denmark .
Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \v .j\wood2 0


fa 20C-on
WOOD 20C 0 kg/m 3 20 .O 0 C
4-1
a)
30
4
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

99 .5 97 .7 93 .1 89 .1 79 .1 69 .1 59 .1 49 .1 39 .2 29 .4 19 .5 9 .6 0 .0
u 28 .4 23 .8 19 .7 17 .6 14 .1 11 .7 10 .1 8 .5 7 .2 6 .0 4 .8 3 .4 0 .0
Approximation :
u= 2 .75E+01xexp ((-1/1 .56) xln (1-ln () / 1 .21E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \v z\woodsa2 0


fa 40C-on
WOOD 40 C 0 kg/m 3 40 .O e C
L
a)
Q. 4
.JJ 25
t
n
r
.~ ,
a)
20
fi
n
.,-c1 15
a)
~
10
U
a)
L
5
d-1
u)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity + - % relatv lgnedvessg %

99 .5 97 .9 93 .9 89 .0 79 .1 69 .0 59 .0 49 .2 39 .2 29 .5 19 .7 9 .8 0.2
u 27 .6 23 .7 19 .7 17 .0 13 .3 11 .0 9 .2 7 .7 6 .4 5 .3 4 .2 2 .5 0 .0
Approximation :
u= 2 .68E+01*exp ((1/1 .35) xln (1ln () / 1 .47E01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \v z\woodsa4 0


fa 60C-on
WOOD 60C 0 kg/m 3 60 .0 0 C
~
a)
30
L
cu
Q.
25
v)
.~ ,
a)
20
15
c
a)
~
10
U
a)
L
~
O
,.-,
o +
E
0 20 40 80 10 0
99 .9 98 .7 95 .0 89 .1 79 .2 69 .1 59 .0 49 .1 39 .3 29 .3 19 .4 9 .6 0.0
u 26 .7 23 .7 19 .7 16 .2 12 .6 10 .1 8 .4 6 .9 5 .6 4 .4 3 .3 2 .0 0 .0
Approximation :
u= 2 .59E+01xexp ((-1/1 .24) xln (1-ln () / 1 .54E-01) )
No scanning value s

der Trocknungstechnik . Springer Verlag . Berlin .
Date : 161085 Initials : KKH File : \V Z\W00DSA6 0


WOOD 80 C fa 80C-on
0 kg/m 3 80 .0 0 C
-P
a)
"
L
30 ~
,
- - - -~
N
O.
-p 25
n
r
.~,
4
a)
20
.p 15 -----i '- ~ -- --~ ----i - -
C
a)
~
c
10
U
a)
L
-p
N
.~
O t
E _ I ~ 1 ~ l
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
+ measured desorption values
99 .7 99 .4 97 .8 88 .9 78 .9 68 .9 59 .0 49 .0 39 .2 29 .3 19 .5 9 .6 0. 1
u 25 .7 23 .7 19 .7 13 .7 10 .6 8 .5 6 .9 5 .5 4 .4 3 .6 2 .6 1 .4 0 .1
Approximation :
u= 2 .49E+01)exp ((1/1 .35) *ln (1 1n () / 9 .94E 02) )
No scanning value
: Density not
sNote indicated .

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \VZ \W00DSA8 0


WOOD measured by 60 C 0 kg/m 3 60 .0 6 C

4.J
C
~
" 30
L,:u
0.
4-J 25
t
n
r
.~,
a)
20
4-J 1 5
c
a)
4-,
10
U
a)
`_
5
4-1
u)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
90 .6 90 .4 86 .3 86 .2 82 .3 82 .3 79 .0 78 .9 59 .0 58 .9 39 .2 39 .2 19 .5 9 .6 9 . 5
u 18 .0 17 .6 15 .4 15 .1 14 .3 14 .0 13 .1 12 .7 9 .3 8 .8 6 .3 5 .9 4 .1 2 .7 2 .4
Approximation :
u= 2 .32E+01xexp ((-1/1 .10) xln (1-ln () / 2 .71E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \v z\woodme6 0


WOOD measured by 80C 0 kg/m 3 80 .0 0 C
~
ct)
a
+) 25
t
n
r
.,,
a)
20
n
4, 15
c
a)
.4J
10
U
a)
n
`" 5
~
u)
.~,
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0
relative humidity -
88 .9 88 .8 79 .0 78 .9 19 .5 19 .3 9 .5 9 .6 6 .1 6 .3 4 .5 4 .7 3 . 2
u 14 .9 14 .5 12 .1 11 .7 3 .4 3 .0 2 .1 1 .8 1 .6 1 .3 1 .1 0 .9 0 . 9
Approximation :
u= 1 .80E+01xexp ((-1/0 .54) xln (1-ln () / 9 .88E-01) )
No scanning value s
Litterature : Krischer . 0 . : Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlage n

Date : 16-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \v z\woodme80


deszka, kemny
BOARD hard 1000 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
.4-,
a)
U
~ 25
au
a +
4-,
) 20
. r.,
a)
3
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .7 94 .3 89 .5 89 .1 79 .3 79 .7 64 .4 64 .8 44 .8 45 .1 19 .6 20 . 0
u 23 .9 21 .1 20 .4 19 .2 16 .7 16 .2 13 .0 13 .0 9 .9 9 .6 5 .8 5 . 6
Approximation :
u= 2 .53E+01xexp ((-1/1 .20) xln (1-ln () / 3 .48E-01) )

19 .6 19 .8 42 .8 43 .1 64 .5 84 .0 84 .4 94 .3 94 .7 97 .5 97 . 7
u 4 .7 4 .8 7 .4 7 .6 10 .1 14 .3 14 .6 18 .6 19 .2 22 .9 23 . 4
Approximation :
u= 2 .64E+01xexp ((-1/1 .98) xln (1-ln () / 6 .97E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A_B\BOARDH2O .100


deszka, olajban ztatott
BOARD oil-hardened 1050 kg/m 3 20 .0 6 C
LaCli 16
n 2
ri
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

90 .0 90 .2 79 .6 79 .4 65 .0 45 .0 45 .2 20 .1 19 . 9
u 15 .6 15 .6 13 .0 13 .0 10 .8 8 .4 8 .2 5 .0 4 .8
Approximation :
u= 1 .78E+01)(exp ((-1/0 .93) xln (1-ln () / 7 .26E-01) )

19 .9 20 .2 43 .4 43 .6 64 .9 65 .2 84 .5 84 .7 94 .4 94 .6 97 .9 98 . 1
u 4 .2 4 .4 6 .3 6 .5 8 .4 8 .5 11 .4 11 .6 14 .5 14 .7 17 .1 17 . 4
Approximation :
u= 1 .87E+01xexp ((-1/2 .04) min (1-ln () / 9 .73E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A\BOARD020 .10 5


BOARD porous
deszka, przus
300 kg/m 3 20 .O e C
20
-I-J
15
-1-
C
)
0
~ 10
a)
C.-
-I-J
fN
.~
0
E
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .4 94 .0 89 .2 89 .4 79 .0 79 .4 64 .6 65 .0 44 .9 44 .9 20 .3 20 . 4
u 36 .0 33 .0 24 .3 23 .9 18 .5 18 .3 14 .3 14 .4 10 .2 10 .0 6 .2 6 . 1
Approximation :
u= 1 .12E+02Nexp ((-1/2 .03) *ln (1-ln () / 5 .80E-03) )

20 .1 20 .4 42 .8 43 .0 64 .5 64 .9 84 .2 84 .6 94 .2 94 .5 97 .8 97 . 6
u 5 .0 5 .6 8 .0 8 .2 11 .2 11 .8 16 .6 16 .8 23 .9 24 .1 32 .8 33 . 4
Approximation :
u= 4 .85E+01)(exp ((-1/2 . 19) 9Eln (1-ln () / 1 .71E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A .B\BOARDP20 .300


deszka, flkemny
BOARD semihard 780 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
U
n)
L
4-)
O
O
E
0

94 .6 94 .6 89 .7 89 .9 79 .5 79 .9 65 .0 65 .1 45 .2 45 .3 20 .0 20 . 3
u 25 .8 23 .5 22 .4 21 .2 18 .3 17 .9 14 .5 14 .3 10 .7 10 .6 6 .3 6 . 2
Approximation :
u= 2 .73E+01xexp ((-1/1 .13) min (1ln () / 3 .94E-01) )

20 .3 20 .6 42 .5 42 .9 64 .5 65 .0 84 .6 84 .8 94 .7 95 .0 97 .9 98 . 1
u 5 .2 5 .4 8 .2 8 .3 11 .1 11 .2 15 .9 16 .1 20 .9 21 .1 26 .4 26 . 8
Approximation :
u= 3 .07E+01Nexp (( 1/2 . 16) Eln (1ln () / 4 .93E02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Inst . of Techn . Report 36 . Lund, Sweden . 1972 .
Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : A_3\BOARDS20 .780


furnr
PLYWOOD 600 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
a)
20
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

0 94 .8 94 .6 89 .7 90 .1 79 .5 79 .8 65 .0 65 .2 44 .3 44 .6 20 .1 20 . 4
u 28 .2 26 .3 24 .5 23 .8 19 .9 19 .6 15 .6 15 .4 11 .6 11 .6 7 .4 7 . 2
Approximation :
u= 3 .10E+01*exp ((-1/1 .38) *ln (1-ln () / 2 .67E-01) )

20 .0 20 .2 42 .7 43 .2 64 .9 65 .1 84 .8 85 .2 94 .6 94 .9 96 .9 97 . 3
u 6 .1 6 .4 9 .5 9 .6 12 .7 13 .0 17 .9 18 .0 23 .4 23 .7 27 .2 27 . 6
Approximation :
u= 3 .17E+01*exp ((-1/2 .06) *ln (1-ln () / 7 .20E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes :

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\PLYW0020 .600


material s
Sorption of water in building forgcslemez
WOOD-PARTICLE BOARD 610 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

4-
C
a,
" 30
L
a)
a
4J 25
L
0)
r-,
~
a 20
15
C
a)
d- 1
10
U
0
E 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

94 .7 94 .2 90 .0 90 .2 79 .5 80 .2 65 .1 65 .4 45 .1 45 .4 20 .1 20 . 5
u 27 .2 26 .8 24 .1 23 .7 19 .9 19 .4 16 .1 15 .7 12 .1 11 .7 7 .8 7. 2
Approximation :
u= 3 .06E+01xexp ((-1/1 .42) xln (1-ln () / 2 .67E-01) )

20 .5 20 .3 43 .8 43 .9 65 .7 65 .9 85 .7 86 .0 97 .9 98 . 1
u 6 .4 6 .8 9 .8 10 .2 13 .0 13 .3 17 .9 18 .3 28 .8 29 .2
Approximation :
u= 3 .34E+014exp ((-1/2 .20) xln (1-ln () / 5 .65E-02) )

42 .6 65 .3 86 .0 95 . 0
u 11 .5 13 .8 18 .9 24 . 2
Notes :
Litterature : Ahlgren . Lennart : Moisture fixation in porou s

Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \V_Z\WOODPB20 .61 0


forgcs
WOOD PULP 0 kg/m 3 O .0 0 C
ca)
V
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

36 .1 40 .0 50 .1 59 .9 70 .0 79 .8 90 . 1
u 7 .5 7 .7 8 .4 9 .2 9 .9 10 .9 12 . 0
Approximation :
u= 1 .34E+01Nexp ((-1/2 .19) *ln (1-ln () / 3 .97E-01) )
No scanning value s

Date : 15-10-85 Initials : KKH File : woodpulp


feny, impregnlt
PINE IMPR . W . B .F .P . 510 kg /m 3 20 .0 0 C
4-1
C nedvessg tartalom m% o
;' 160 . -- - -
L
C. 14 0 _
4-1
.0
12 0
3
10 0 -
80

- _
o --t-
0 (l
I
0
( I
~
i l
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

40 .0 58 .0 65 .0 75 .0 85 .0 95 . 0
u 9 .6 13 .1 15 .3 34 .1 69 .8 165 .9
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp ((-1/1 .00) xln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pinesapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) . Impr . w . Bolide n

Flame Proof . Moisture content u in % is relate d
to dry dens . of unimpr . wood . Salt retent . 38 .1% .
Litterature : Hoffmeyer .Preben : Undersoegelse af ligevaegts-

vandindhold, svelning og udvaskelighed for tryk-
brandimpraegneret fyrretrae . Build . Mat . Lab . 1980 .
Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \A B\BOLFPRO F


feny, impregnlt
PINE IMPR . W . BOLIDEN 510 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
L
a)
a
+J 25
t
~
.,1
a)
20
1
n
4, 15
c
a)
-4J
10
c.)
a)
c_
n 5
.4J
u)
. r. ,
0
e 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

40 .0 58 .0 65 .0 75 .0 85 .0 95 . 0
u 7 .4 10 .1 11 .6 13 .8 16 .6 25 . 0
Approximation :
u= 3 .55E+01xexp ((-1/1 .93) xln (1-ln () / 5 .23E-02) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pinesapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) . Impr . w . Bolide n

K33 . Moisture content u in % is related to dr y
density of unimpr . wood . Salt retention 1 .9% .
Litterature : Hoffmeyer, Preben : Undersoegelse af ligevaegts-

brandimpraegneret fyrretrae . Build . Mat . Lab 198 0
Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \aJ\bolidk33


feny, impregnlt
PINE IMPR . W . C .F . 510 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C
0
16 0
-
14 0 --1 - _
12 0 - --}- - -
10 0 . ! -- --- ;- ----- -- -
80 __
60
40 ~ -~ - - I----~-
20
~ i
-
-
----i - ~
I -- - - ~- - ! -r--
i
i
~
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

40 .0 58 .0 65 .0 75 .0 85 .0 95 . 0
u 11 .1 16 .8 19 .5 36 .0 56 .7 176 .6
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00xexp ((1/1 .00) min (1ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pinesapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) . Impr . w . Celcur e

F . Moisture content u in % is related to dry dens .
of unimpr . wood . Salt retention 43 .7% .
Litterature : Hoffineyer,Preben : Undersoegelse af ligevaegts-

Date : 24 386 Initials : KKH File : \C\CELCURE F


feny, impregnlt
PINE IMPR . W . K33+M . 510 kg/m 3 20 .0 0 C

~c nedvessg tartalom m%
0
; 16 0
C-
a)
. 14 0
-P
.r., 12 0
)
m
i 100
= 80
~
c
a' 60
c
0
U
0
~ l 0 I

I
0 20 40 60 80 10 0

40 .0 58 .0 65 .0 75 .0 85 .0 95 . 0
u 11 .0 15 .6 17 .9 32 .0 60 .0 165 . 0
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00exp ((-1/1 .00) xln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pinesapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) . Impr . w . K33+Mina-

lith . Moisture content u in % is related to dr y
density of unimpregnated wood . Salt retention 36 .8% .
Litterature : Hoffmeyer . Preben : Undersoegelse af ligevaegts-

Date : 24- 3-86 Initials : KKH File : \D .JC\K33MINAL


feny, impregnlt
PINE IMPR . W . MINALITH 510 kg/m 3 20 .0 6 C
0
L
0.1
a 120
-0
0 U
0
20 40 60 80 10 0

40 .0 58 .0 65 .0 75 .0 85 .0 95 . 0
u 11 .0 16 .4 18 .5 38 .9 68 .3 145 . 7
Approximation :
u= 0 .00E+00)exp ((-1/1 .00) eln (1-ln () / 1 .00E+00) )
No scanning value s
Notes : Pinesapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) . Number of samples :

18 . Moisture content u in % is related to dr y
density of unimp . wood . Salt retention 35 .7% .
Litterature : Hoffineyer,Preben: Undersoegelse af ligevaegts-

brandimpraegneret fyrretrae . Build . Mat . Lab . 198 0
Date : 9-10-85 Initials : KKH File : \M U\MINALITH .510

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TECHNICAL REPORT 162/86

Kurt Kielsgaard Hanse n

THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMAR K

D EPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERIN G

B UILDING MATERIALS LABORATORY

Kurt Kielsgaard Hanse n

1 . WATER CONTENT PARAMETERS 1

2. THE SORPTION ISOTHERM 1

2 .2 The Shape of the Sorption Isotherm 2

2 .3 Adsorption and Desorption 4

3. USE OF SORPTION CURVES 5

4. MATHEMATICAL MODELS DESCRIBING THE SORPTION ISOTHERM 5

4 .1 The Model Used in This Work 7

9. CONTENTS OF THE CATALOGUE 14

Catalogue pages for sorption isotherms for different materials

Moisture fixation and moisture transport in building materials are studied a s

The connection between the equilibrium moisture content in a building materia l

1. WATER CONTENT PARAMETER S

The water content of a material can be described by e .g . the water to dr y

The capillary degree of saturation in a material, S cap , is the water conten t

The vacuum degree of saturation in a material, is the water conten t

Sca p and Svac can be calculated by the equations given in /1/ .

The relative humidity,

2. THE SORPTION ISOTHER M

The maximum hygroscopic moisture content of any porous material is signifi-

2 .2 The Shape of the Sorption Isother m

The connection between moisture content and relative humidity at equilibriu m

Figure 1 . Different types of isotherms according to Brunauer, Emmet, an d

One laye r More layers Capillar y

Figure 2 . The typical course of an equilibrium moisture curve or sorptio n

2 .3 Adsorption and Desorptio n

Figure 3 shows a sketch of a sorption isotherm of a building material . Equi-

Figure 3 . Typical adsorption and desorption isotherms showing hysteresis .

Figure 4 . Example of scanning curves .

The equilibrium water content in the material is dependent not only on th e

3. USE OF SORPTION CURVE S

The sorption isotherms are necessary in analyzing the moisture condition s

Aw = volume dry density t o

= 1 0 .110 1700 (0 .11 - 0 .015) = 17 .8 - 18 kg wate r

This result can be used in the design of the drying process .

4. MATHEMATICAL MODELS DESCRIBING THE SORPTION ISOTHER M

where a is moisture content absorbing a complete monolayer, and b is a co -

For n + co , the equation can be calculated to

u =a 0 ' 5 for 0 < < 35% RF (6a )

u = Ao + B4) 2 for 35% < < 94% RF (6b )

where G and H are material coefficients dependent on the temperature and th e

where u h is the maximum hygroscopic moisture content, and B is a tempera -

where d = 1/(u h B) . The constants for u h and B given by Lykow (Table V

4 .1 The Model Used in This Wor k

Freiesleben Hansen in /5/ gives an empirical equation for adsorption/desorp-

According to Freiesleben Hansen, A can be determined experimentally .

Using Equation 10 to curve fitting of measured sorption values, it can be ap-

As mentioned earlier, the fixation of water in porous building materials give s

The adsorption isotherms of concrete are further discussed in /7/ where a

isotherms very seldom are determined, especially isotherms of Type II whic h

To remedy the above mentioned findings, Ahlgren constructed an apparatu s

Tveit /9/ has determined isotherms at different temperatures . The equilibri-