1. The document discusses color coding schemes for identifying passive components like resistors and capacitors.
2. It describes 4, 5, and 6 band resistor codes where each band represents a digit or multiplier. Color bands indicate resistance value and tolerance.
3. Capacitor values are printed directly or using numerical codes that represent picofarads, nanofarads, or microfarads using digits and letter multipliers like 'k', 'n', and 'M'.
1. The document discusses color coding schemes for identifying passive components like resistors and capacitors.
2. It describes 4, 5, and 6 band resistor codes where each band represents a digit or multiplier. Color bands indicate resistance value and tolerance.
3. Capacitor values are printed directly or using numerical codes that represent picofarads, nanofarads, or microfarads using digits and letter multipliers like 'k', 'n', and 'M'.
1. The document discusses color coding schemes for identifying passive components like resistors and capacitors.
2. It describes 4, 5, and 6 band resistor codes where each band represents a digit or multiplier. Color bands indicate resistance value and tolerance.
3. Capacitor values are printed directly or using numerical codes that represent picofarads, nanofarads, or microfarads using digits and letter multipliers like 'k', 'n', and 'M'.
1. The document discusses color coding schemes for identifying passive components like resistors and capacitors.
2. It describes 4, 5, and 6 band resistor codes where each band represents a digit or multiplier. Color bands indicate resistance value and tolerance.
3. Capacitor values are printed directly or using numerical codes that represent picofarads, nanofarads, or microfarads using digits and letter multipliers like 'k', 'n', and 'M'.
Colour Ist Digit IInd Digit IIIrd Digit Multiplier Tolerance TCR Black 0 0 0 1 Brown 1 1 1 10 1% 100 ppm/K Red 2 2 2 100 2% 50 ppm/K Orange 3 3 3 1K 15 ppm/K Yellow 4 4 4 10K 25 ppm/K Green 5 5 5 100K 0.50% Blue 6 6 6 1M 0.25% Violet 7 7 7 10M 0.01% Grey 8 8 8 100M White 9 9 9 1000M Gold 5% Silver 10% No Colour 20%
SMD Resistor code
L DEPT OF ECE, GEC THRISSUR 1 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP LABORATORY MANUAL
EXPERIMENT NO. 2
IDENTIFICATION OF PASSIVE COMPONENTS AND COLOUR CODING
Aim To familiarize with the different passive components and their colour coding. Components Required Different types of passive components Instrument Required
Multimeter Theory Passive components are the components, they themselves are not capable of processing an electrical sig- nal such as amplification, oscillation, modulation etc. Passive components do not require a source of energy to perform their intended functions. The behavior of passive components is linear.
Examples: Resistor, capacitor, inductor and transformer.
Colour Code for Resistors Resistance is measured in Ohms. The symbol for Ohm is . Larger resistors have printed resistance values, while smaller resistors have colour-coded bands. The correspondence between the digits and the colours of the bands is named resistor colour code. This code is used to determine the value of a resistor or indicate its values by using a colour code. To determine the resistance of a colour-coded resistor, start from the end opposite the silver or gold band. Use the colour code chart shown in table to determine the resistance values. There are three types of resistors depending on the number of bands: 4-band, 5-band and 6-band resistors.
4-band Resistors In 4-band resistors, the first two bands identify the first and second digits of the resistance value, and the third band indicates the number of zeroes. The fourth determines the tolerance of the resistor that indicates the deviation that a resistor may vary from its nominal value.
5-band Resistors In 5-band resistors, the first three bands identify the first, second and third digits of the resistance value, and the fourth band indicates the number of zeroes. The fifth band determines the tolerance of the resistor.
6-band Resistors In 6-band resistors, the first three bands identify the first, second and third digits of the resistance value, and the fourth band indicates the number of zeroes. The fifth band determines the tolerance of the resistor and the sixth band indicates the TCR. (Temperature Co-efficient of Resistance).
SMD Resistor Code
SMD Resistor stands for Surface Mount device Resistor. These are marked with three (3) or four (4) digit codes which is called SMD Resistor codes to indicate their resistance values. 3 Digit Code The first, two digits indicates the first and second digits of the resistance value, and the third digit indicates the number of zeroes. The letter R is used for Decimal Point . i.e. 1.1 = 1R1 . Resistances below 10 ohms do not have a multiplier.
R DEPT OF ECE, GEC THRISSUR 2 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP LABORATORY MANUAL
Determine the value of the carbon resistors
Colour code Measured
Sl No. Ist Colur IInd Colur Multiplier Tolerance value value 1
10
L DEPT OF ECE, GEC THRISSUR 3 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP LABORATORY MANUAL
4 Digit Code The first, three digits indicates the first, second and third digits of the resistance value, and the fourth digit indicates the number of zeroes.
Available Resistance Values
The value of resistors are derived from the standard set of two digit base numbers. Values are derived by assigning sufficient number of zeros or decimal points to these numbers: 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 27, 39, 47, 56, 68 and 82.
Procedure 1. Hold the resistors so that the colour bands are at the left end of the resistor. Write down the numeric value of the first two colour bands.
2. Read the numeric value of third colour band and write down those many number of zeros at the right side of the first two numeric. This gives the value of resistor in .
3. Measure the resistance using multimeter. Compare the theoretical value with this practical value. Repeat the procedure for 10 resistors.
Colour Code for Capacitors
Capacitance is the ability to store electrical energy. Capacitance is measured in Farad and the unit is F. Different marking schemes are used for electrolytic and non-electrolytic capacitors. In electrolytic capacitors, the values are printed directly on the component.
Non-polarised capacitors ( < 1F)
Small value capacitors have their values printed but without a multiplier. For example 0.1 means 0.1F = 100nF. Sometimes the unit is placed in between 2 digits indicating a decimal point. For example: 4n7 means 4.7nF. Numerical Coding In a small value capacitors like mica capacitors, value of capacitor will be written on it in a coded form. The method of reading the value is explained below:
1. If the number written on the capacitor is greater than one, the value will be in pF. Otherwise, it will be in F. For example, 10 means 10 pF and 0.1 means 0.1 F.
2. If there are three digits in the number, the third number indicates the number of zeros to be put after first two digits and the value will be in pF. 104 means 10,0000 pF or 0.1 F. 3. If the letter k follows the digits, the value will be in kpF (kilo pico farad). 10k means 10 kpF or 0.01 F.
4. If the letter is n or M the value will be that much nano farads or micro farads respectively. 47n means 47 nF and 47M means 47 F.
5. If the letter n, M or k is between two numerals, the value of the capacitor can be obtained by putting a deci- mal in place of the letter and multiplying by the factor nF, F or kpF respectively. 4k7 means 4.7 kpF and 2M2 means 2.2 F.
6. If the letters k or M follows the three digit number, it implies the tolerance value 10% and 20% re- spectively.
Capacitor Colour Coding
Sometimes capacitors just show bands like resistors when printing is tough on them. The colours R DEPT OF ECE, GEC THRISSUR 4 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP LABORATORY MANUAL
Capacitor Colour Coding
Colour Ist Digit IInd Digit Multiplier Tolerance Voltage
Black 0 0 1 20% Brown 1 1 10 100V Red 2 2 100 250V Orange 3 3 1K Yellow 4 4 10K 400V Green 5 5 100K 5% Blue 6 6 1M Violet 7 7 10M Grey 8 8 0.01 White 9 9 0.1 10%
Capacitor Numerical Coding
Determine the value of the ceramic capacitors
Sl No. Code Number Actual Value
L DEPT OF ECE, GEC THRISSUR 5 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP LABORATORY MANUAL
should be read like the resistor code, the top three colour bands giving the value in pF. The 4th band and 5th band are for tolerance and voltage rating respectively. For example: brown, black, orange means 10000pF = 10nF = 0.01F. Result Studied about different passive components and their colour coding.
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids Volume 42 issue 8 2003 [doi 10.1002_fld.563] R. M. Barron; Ali A. Salehi Neyshabouri -- Effects of under-relaxation factors on turbulent flow simulations.pdf
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids Volume 42 issue 8 2003 [doi 10.1002_fld.563] R. M. Barron; Ali A. Salehi Neyshabouri -- Effects of under-relaxation factors on turbulent flow simulations.pdf
