Thin Walled Pressure Vessel Problem

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Thin Walled Pressure Vessel Problem

A cylindrical steel pressure vessel 400 mm in diameter with a wall thickness of 20 mm, is subjected to an
internal pressure of 4.5 MN/m2. Calculate the tangential and longitudinal stress in the steel.

Solution:

A. Tangential Stress

Fy = 0
F = 2TF Equation 1

Note:
Force(F) = Pressure(P) x Area(A)
Force = Pressure x Diameter(D) x Length(L)
F=PxDxL
Stress(ST) = Tangential Force(TF) / Area
Tangential Force = Stress x Area
Tangential Force = Stress x Thickness(t) x Length

T = ST x t x L
P x D x L = 2 x ST x t x L
ST = (P x D) / (2 x t)
ST = (4.5MN/m2 x 400mm) / (2 x 20mm)
ST = 45 MPa

B. Longitudinal Stress

Fx = 0
F = PT Equation 2

Note:
Force = Pressure x Area

Force = Pressure x ( 4
)

Stress(SL) = Longitudinal Force(PT) / Area


Longitudinal Force = Stress x Area
Longitudinal Force = Stress x pi x Diameter x Thickness
PT = SL x pi x D x t

2
P x ( 4 ) = SL x pi x D x t
SL = (P x D) / (4 x t)
SL = (4.5MN/m2 x 400mm) / (4 x 20mm)
SL = 22.5 MPa

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