1

1. Many parts of rural America ---- to reflect the 6. Until recently, some scientists ---- that many
values and traditions of the European individuals of the same species ---- specific tasks
immigrants who ---- in the country during the better than the same number of individuals from
nineteenth century.. different species..

A) continued / have arrived A) will think / are performing

B) have continued / would have arrived B) were thinking / will perform

C) continue / arrived C) think / ought to perform

D) would have continued / were arriving D) had thought / would be performing

E) will continue / would arrive E) thought / could perform

2. With few exceptions, most totalitarian 7. Recent excavations in Algeria ---- that Homo
governments ---- more liberal since 1989 when erectus ---- there between 500, 000 and 750, 000
the Berlin Wall ----.. years ago..

A) became / falls A) have indicated / resided

B) are becoming / would fall B) had indicated / has resided

C) were becoming / has fallen C) indicated / would reside

D) had become / was falling D) could have indicated / had been residing

E) have become / fell E) indicate / had resided

3. Investigations by modern doctors ---- that 8. North Korea still ---- a vast police state that ---- a
Catherine the Great of Russia ---- from syphilis.. network of concentration camps spanning the
country..

A) have suggested / has suffered

A) was maintaining / has included
B) suggest / suffered
B) had maintained / would include
C) had suggested / was suffering
C) is maintaining / had included
D) may have suggested / would have suffered
D) maintains / includes
E) suggested / suffers
E) maintained / will include

4. Cosmologists are addressing some of the

fundamental questions that people ---- to resolve 9. Tofino, which ---- once a quiet fishing village in
over the centuries through philosophical Canada, ---- a popular year-round resort now..
thinking, but they ---- this based on systematic
observation and quantitative methodology..
A) is / is becoming

A) would attempt / have done B) had been / became

B) attempt / will do C) has been / had become

C) may attempt / did D) was / has become

D) attempted / should do E) would have been / will become

E) have attempted / are doing

10. The scientific method ---- mankinds greatest
means of discovery and progress ever since it
5. Smoking ---- in almost all segments of the was formulated..
American population, so that, in various polls, 60
to 65% of Americans ---- non-smokers today..
A) would have been

A) declines / may have been B) was

B) has declined / are C) would be

C) had declined / would be D) had been

D) could have declined / will be E) has been

E) declined / were
11. The nuclear accident that ---- at the Chernobyl 16. The latest scientific studies ---- small children
reactor in April, 1986, ---- to new fears about the usually ---- greater taste sensitivity than adults..
safety of nuclear reactors..

A) have found / possess

A) has occurred / was to lead
B) found / had possessed
B) would have occurred / led
C) find / will possess
C) occurred / has led
D) will find / have possessed
D) could occur / had led
E) had found / possessed
E) had occurred / may have led

17. The interviewer ---- during her interview with the

12. Pirates ---- a threat since ancient times; in fact, retired politician that he still ---- the dynamic
even hundreds of years ago, they ---- in the presence that had once inspired the entire
Mediterranean Sea in search of valuable cargo.. country..

A) would have been / had sailed A) was realizing / had

B) had been / have been sailing B) will realize / would have

C) have been / were sailing C) realizes / is having

D) were / had been sailing D) has realized / will have

E) would be / have been sailing E) realized / had

13. The authorities in India ---- that the countrys 18. The book ---- a surprisingly interesting account of
highly qualified young researchers ---- by the geography of Great Britain and there ---- a
multinational companies as cheap labour.. need for such a book for a long time now..

A) have worried / will have been used A) would give / had been

B) are worrying / were used B) had given / was

C) were worried / have been used C) has given / is

D) worry / had been used D) gives / has been

E) are worried / are being used E) is giving / was

14. Coal, which at one time ---- vital to the British 19. Although she ---- properly yet, the recipient of
economy, ---- in importance with the gradual the worlds first face transplant ---- well,
increase in use of other sources, such as oil and according to the first scientific report of the
natural gas.. operation..

A) was / has decreased A) hadnt smiled / would have done

B) is / is decreasing B) didnt smile / will do

C) will be / decreases C) doesnt smile / may have done

D) has been / would decrease D) couldnt have smiled / does

E) had been / would have decreased E) cant smile / is doing

15. Until recently, people ---- that the global system 20. Meteorites ---- the best available record of the
for mobile communication network ---- the most chemical and physical processes that ---- during
secure method of long-distance communication, the first million years of our solar systems
but this is not so any longer. . history..

A) had believed / can be A) provide / occurred

B) believe / is B) are providing / have occurred

C) would have believed / will have been C) had provided / occurred

D) believed / was D) could provide / would occur

E) will believe / will be E) provided / might occur

21. For a long time now, biologists ---- that bits of 26. When I ---- one book I usually go straight on to
tissue placed next to each other ----.. the next but, with this one, I ---- time to think it
over..

A) had known / may fuse

A) finish / would have needed
B) have known / can fuse
B) had finished / would need
C) knew / had fused
C) have finished / needed
D) would have known / have fused
D) will finish / need
E) know / would have fused
E) was finishing / had needed

22. The price of crude oil ---- by 40% this year due to
the continuing risk of disruption in the Middle 27. Some African countries ---- a great variety of
East, which ---- for one-third of global natural resources like oil and minerals, but they
production.. still ---- from poverty..

A) surges / accounted A) are having / had suffered

B) had surged / has accounted B) have had / suffered

C) has surged / accounts C) will have / have suffered

D) surged / had accounted D) had had / are suffering

E) will surge / could have accounted E) have / suffer

23. Although constipation usually ---- lifestyle habits, 28. The wolves that ---- in Ethiopia some 100, 000
in some cases it may be a side effect of years ago ---- into a separate and rare species..
medication or may reflect a medical problem
such as tumours that ---- the passage of waste..
A) had arrived / will have evolved

A) had reflected / obstruct B) arrive / will evolve

B) has reflected / obstructed C) were arriving / had evolved

C) reflected / had obstructed D) have arrived / evolved

D) will reflect / have obstructed E) arrived / have evolved

E) reflects / are obstructing

29. Film music ---- significant in many ways, of
course, but not as music, which is why the
24. Indeed, some studies ---- that taking the proposition that better composers ---- better film
glycemic effect into account in meal planning ---- music is not necessarily true..
a practical way to improve glucose control..

A) had been / shall produce

A) have shown / is
B) has been / should have produced
B) show / was
C) is / could produce
C) had shown / had been
D) can be / had produced
D) showed / will be
E) would be / produced
E) could show / has been

30. Ever since James R. Flynn ---- his startling

25. Infertility is a problem that ---- more and more results, psychologists and educators ---- to figure
couples than ever before, as people ---- longer to out whether people really are getting smarter..
have children..

A) has published / had struggled

A) had affected / could wait
B) published / have struggled
B) was affecting / waited
C) had published / will struggle
C) has affected / will wait
D) was publishing / had been struggling
D) is affecting / wait
E) publishes / are struggling
E) will be affecting / were waiting
31. Although their responses ---- as obvious as those 36. To save money, their government ---- back to
of animals, plants ---- the capacity to respond to a 1993 law which ---- the army to recruit part
light, gravity, water, touch, and other stimuli.. time conscripts as auxiliary soldiers..

A) may not be / have A) reached / was allowing

B) have not been / had B) had reached / would allow

C) were not / have had C) would reach / had allowed

D) had not been / are having D) has reached / allows

E) would not be / would have had E) is reaching / has allowed

32. The United States ---- expensive high-tech 37. People in England ---- books about Turkey since
solutions to the problem of land-mine clearance, the 15th century, but unfortunately an increase
but simpler methods ---- more preferable.. in quantity ---- by an increase in quality..

A) should pursue / were A) had been writing / does not match

B) pursues / had been B) are writing / will not be matched

C) pursued / will have been C) had written / are not matching

D) would pursue / would have been D) have been writing / has not been matched

E) has pursued / may be E) wrote / had not been matched

33. When American independence ---- in 1776, two- 38. Although 25 to 30 per cent of all people ---- some
fifths of all settlers ---- of non-English origin.. form of excessive mood disturbance during their
lifetime, only about 10 per cent ---- a disorder
severe enough to require medical attention..
A) was declared / were

B) had been declared / would be A) would experience / have had

C) has been declared / had been B) experienced / will have had

D) would be declared / could be C) had experienced / had had

E) may have been declared / must have been D) will have experienced / would have

E) experience / have
34. By the early 20th century the local
ceramic industry of Ktahya ---- more or less to
an end, but now the city ---- the focus of a 39. To the astronomers of the Middle Ages, the most
revival of this skilled art.. important classical authorities on natural
philosophy ---- Aristotle and Ptolemy, since both
---- frameworks that explained the whole
A) had come / is universe..

B) has come / has been

A) had been / created
C) came / was
B) are / have created
D) would have come / would be
C) were / had created
E) was coming / will be
D) have been / create

35. When Charles ll ---- king in 1660, the theatres, E) may have been / were creating
which ---- by Cromwell, were opened again
and new dramatists appeared..
40. Of all the arts it ---- to classical music that
Germany ---- the greatest contribution..
A) would become / had closed

B) had become / have been closed A) had been / made

C) became / had been closed B) is / has made

D) was becoming / will have been closed C) has been / had made

E) would have become / could have been closed D) was / will have made

E) might be / would have made

41. Germany and Poland ---- pivotal positions in 46. The Society ---- to assist scientific achievement
Europe, and the foreign policy challenges each and ---- forward to a century of even greater
has faced ---- profound and, in some senses, innovation and exploration..
revolutionary..

A) will continue / has looked

A) would have occupied / will be
B) has continued / had looked
B) would be occupied / were
C) continues / is looking
C) were occupying / had been
D) had continued / looks
D) occupy / have been
E) would continue / will be looking
E) have occupied / would have been

47. Although human beings ---- as a species partly

42. Before he ---- in museums, he ---- law in hopes of because of a capacity to share knowledge,
becoming a specialist in the legal aspects of teaching as a profession ---- until relatively
antiquities.. recently..

A) will work / has studied A) survived / has not emerged

B) works / would study B) survives / has not emerge

C) worked / had studied C) were surviving / had not emerged

D) had worked / was studying D) could survive / has not emerge

E) has worked / studied E) have survived / did not emerge

43. Although the commercial banks ultimately ---- as 48. Recently, some anthropologists ---- that
a link between millions of lenders and borrowers, Australian totemism, because of its taboos
they still ---- with other financial intermediaries against killing and eating one's totem, ---- as a
to attract their deposits.. conservation device, helping people adapt to
their natural environment..

A) have acted / would have to compete

A) had argued / was acting
B) will act / had to compete
B) could argue / will act
C) would act / have had to compete
C) have argued / has acted
D) are acting / had to be competing
D) argued / has been acting
E) act / have to compete
E) will argue / will have acted

44. In an article published in 1990, scientists of the

National Institute of Medical Research ---- more 49. The belief in maternal impressions ---- a
than 300 biological theories that ---- to account superstition in the early twentieth century, but it
for senescence the progressive and general is now taken for granted that a fetus ---- by the
deterioration that accompanies aging in mother's physical and emotional experiences..
humans..

A) was deemed / can be affected

A) were reviewing / attempted
B) was being deeming / may be affected
B) have reviewed / should attempt
C) has been deemed / could affect
C) reviewed / had attempted
D) had been deemed / affected
D) would review / have attempted
E) might be deemed / will be affected
E) may have reviewed / attempt

50. Although nuclear power ----, so far, little harm, in

45. More than 50 years ago, six European nations ---- the long run it ---- the most dangerous form of
to submit their coal and steel industries to man-made pollution..
common management, so that no single country
---- the weapons of war to be used against
another.. A) did / was

B) does / will be
A) have agreed / had fabricated
C) was doing / has been
B) agreed / could fabricate
D) had done / could be
C) had agreed / have fabricated
E) has done / might be
D) agree / will fabricate

E) may have agreed / had been fabricating

SORU CEVAP SORU CEVAP

1 C 41 D

2 E 42 C

3 B 43 E

4 E 44 C

5 B 45 B

6 E 46 C

7 A 47 E

8 D 48 C

9 D 49 A

10 E 50 E

11 C

12 C

13 E

14 A

15 D

16 A

17 E

18 D

19 E

20 A

21 B

22 C

23 E

24 A

25 D

26 C

27 E

28 E

29 C

30 B

31 A

32 E

33 A

34 A

35 C

36 D

37 D

38 E

39 C

40 B