Buoyancy: Science / B .Ənsi, Ɔɪ - Əntsi/ / Bu Jənsi, - Jəntsi/ Force Fluid Weight

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Buoyancy

In science, buoyancy (pronunciation: /b.nsi, -ntsi/[1][2] or /bujnsi, -jntsi/;[1][2]) or upthrust, is an


upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. In a column of fluid,
pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. Thus the pressure at
the bottom of a column of fluid is greater than at the top of the column. Similarly, the pressure at the
bottom of an object submerged in a fluid is greater than at the top of the object. This pressure
difference results in a net upwards force on the object. The magnitude of that force exerted is
proportional to that pressure difference, and (as explained by Archimedes' principle) is equivalent to
the weight of the fluid that would otherwise occupy the volume of the object, i.e. the displaced fluid.

For this reason, an object whose density is greater than that of the fluid in which it is submerged
tends to sink. If the object is either less dense than the liquid or is shaped appropriately (as in a
boat), the force can keep the object afloat. This can occur only in a non-inertial reference frame,
which either has a gravitational field or is accelerating due to a force other than gravity defining a
"downward" direction. In a situation of fluid statics, the net upward buoyancy force is equal to the
magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body.[3]

The center of buoyancy of an object is the centroid of the displaced volume of fluid.

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