Phn 1

Gii thiu chung v thang my-thang my ch

hng.Nhng yu cu c bn v h thng truyn ng
in cho thang my.
I) Gii thiu chung v thang my-thang my ch hng.
1) Thang my l thit b chuyn dng,dng vn chuyn
ngi v hng ho,vt liu...theo phng thng ng theo tuyn
nh sn,lm vic theo chu k.Thang my thng c dng
trong cc khch sn,cng s,trung ng,bnh vin,cc i quan
st,thp truyn hnh,trong cc nh my cng xng vv...c
im ca thang my so vi cc phng tin vn chuyn khc l
thi gian vn chuyn ca mt chu k b,tn s vn chuyn
ln,ng m my lin tc.Ngoi ngha vn chuyn thang my
cn l mt trong nhng yu t lm tng v p v tin nghi
ca cng trnh.
nc ta hin nay, ngy cng c nhiu nh cao tng v nh
cao 6 tng tr nn hu nh c trang b thang my m
cho ngi i li thun tin,tit kim thi gian v tng nng sut
lao ng.Gi thnh ca thang my trang b cho cng trnh
chim khong t 6% 7% ga tr ton cng trnh l hp l.i
vi nhng cng trnh c bit nh bnh vin,nh my,khch
sn ... tuy c s tng nh hn 6 nhng vn do nhu cu phc v
nn vn c trang b thang my.

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 Thang my l thit b vn chuyn i hi tnh an ton
nghim ngt,n lin quan trc tip n ti sn v tnh mng
con ngi. V vy yu cu chung i vi thang my khi thit
k,ch to,lp t,vn hnh s dng v sa cha phi tun
th mt cch nghim ngt cc yu t v k thut an ton c
qui nh trong cc quy trnh,qui phm.
Thang my ch c ca bin p,sang trng,thng thong,m
du,th cha iu kin a vo s dng m phi c
y cc thit b an ton,m bo tin cy nh iu
kin chiu sng,d phng khi mt in,in thoi ni
b,chung
bo,b hm bo him,an ton cabin(i trng),c cu an ton
ca cabin,kha an ton ca tng,b cu h khi mt in
ngun.
2) Phn loi thang my:
-Phn loi theo cng dng:
+Thang my ch ngi: dng vn chuyn hnh khch trong
cc cng trnh cao tng: chia 2 loi:
Thang my ch ngi cng dng chung: vn tc ch ngi
khng ln hn 1,4 (m/s),ti trng nng khng ln hn 1000 Kg.
Thang my tc cao: v 2 m/s dng trong cc cng trnh
cao(siu th,tp on ln ),sc nng ln(ti trng nng 1000
Kg).
+Thang my dng trong bnh vin v cc nh ngh: ch
bnh nhn v vt dng y t: vi c im thng nh khng
cao,kch thc cabin ln tc va phi
+Thang my ch ngi v hng ha(hng ha l chnh).

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 +Thang my ch hng c ngi i km: ch yu phc v cho
dy chuyn sn xut,nh kho.
+Thang my ch hng khng c ngi i km: ch dng
ch hng ha,iu khin bn ngoi.
+Thang my chuyn dng: cu ha,nh ga,sn bay,tu thy
-Phn loi theo c cu dn ng:
+Dn ng bng ti cp: c th l ti ma st hoc tang
cun cp,do vy ngun ng lc l ng c xoay chiu.
+Xi lanh Thy lc: dng xi lanh nng h ca bin,loi ny
dng trong bnh vin(v s tng t,i li m).
Thang my ch hng: Do mc ch ch hng l chnh nn
mt s b phn hoc kt cu ca loi thang my ny c th
khng yu cu cao: v d nh khng cn cabin p,khng cn
sang trng,khng cn m du lm gim chi ph cho thit
k,ch to lp t.

II) Nhng yu cu c bn v h thng truyn ng in

cho thang my:
H thng truyn ng thang my ta dng h truyn ng
in xoay chiu dng ng c khng ng b rto lng sc v
rto dy qun.Do vn tc ca bung thang: v = 0,65 m/s mc
trung bnh chm nn ta dng h truyn ng l ng c rto
lng sc hai tc .
H thng iu khin thang my l ton b trang thit b v
linh kin m bo cho thang my hot ng an ton,h thng
iu khin c phn loi vi tng iu kin lm vic c th.

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 +Theo nguyn tc iu khin th c iu khin ring bit
v iu khin kt hp.
+Theo nt iu khin: iu khin t trong cabin,bn ngoi
cabin v iu khin c trong ln ngoi cabin.
+Theo s lng thang my iu khin th c iu khin c
lp hoc iu khin theo nhm.
-Cu to chung ca h thng iu khin:
+Mch ng lc: l h thng iu khin c cu dn ng
thang my gm ng m ng c,ng m phanh,thay i
tc ng c: yu cu thay i tc m du,dng ng
tng chnh xc,mch ng lc c chi phi bi mch iu
khin.
+Mch iu khin: l h thng iu khin tng c tc dng
thc hin mt chng trnh iu khin phc tp m bo chc
nng v hot ng ca thang my:
H thng iu khin tng lu d cc lnh di chuyn t cabin
cc lnh gi tng ca hnh khch v thc hin cc lnh di
chuyn hoc dng theo mt th t u tin no .Sau khi thc
hin xong lnh no th b xa b lnh .N xc nh v
ghi nhn v tr v hng chuyn ng ca cabin.Hin nay h
thng iu khin tng l bng nt bm l nhiu.
+Mch tn hiu: l h thng cc n tn hiu c thng
nht ha nhm m bo tnh trng,v tr v hng chuyn
ng ca cabin.

+Mch chiu sng: l h thng cc cng tc,r le,cc tip

im nhm m bo an ton cho thang my khi hot

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ng.Bo v qu ti cho ng c,bo v cho cabin hn ch ti
trng nng,hn ch hnh trnh.Cc tip im ti ca cabin ri
ca tng,b phn hn ch tc v b hm bo him.
+Ton b mch an ton s t ng ngt in mch ng lc
dng my trong trng hp:
-Lm mt in iu khin
-Mt ng tip in
-Ngt khi qu ti.
-Khi cabin vt qu gii hn t hnh trnh
-t cp hoc tc h cabin vt qu gii hn cho php khi
no b hn ch tc c cu iu khin lm vic v phanh
an ton lm vic.
-Khi mt trong cc si cp trng qu gii hn cho php.
-Khi ca tng v ca cabin m,lc ny cabin khng di
chuyn na.
-Ngoi ra vi ca la khi c chng ngi vt th ca t ng
m ra sau ng li.
-Nt dng khn cp.
-Nt chung bo hiu.

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 10 11

1. Gimchn
i trng

2. Gimchn ca bin

9
3. i trng

8 4. Cp dn hu ng

7 5. Cp n
ng

A A
6. Ca bin
6
Tng 6
21000
7. Ca tng
5

8. Ray dn hu ng
i trng

9. Ray dn hu ng ca bin
4200

10. Puli
i hu ng cp

11. Bng
iu khin

2 Tng 1 Mt c t A - A
0.0

1
1800
1100

800

1400
2100

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 Phn 2
Tnh chn cng sut ng c truyn ng cho
thang my
Cng sut ca bung thang truyn ng nng h bung
thang.
Pco=8,5 (KW).
Chn ng c r to lng sc hai tc x ri AO2-52-4/2: c
cc thng s sau:
n = 1450/2880 (v/pht).
Pdm= 10,2KW.
= 0,84.
cos = 0,9.

Phn 3
V s thuyt minh lm vic nguyn l iu khin
thang my,cc tn hiu lm vic yu cu,thuyt minh
nguyn l lm vic ca s .
1) S nguyn l lm vic:

7
8
C

Bung thang

BT2

T8

T7
T6
T5

T4

T3

T2
T1

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2) Thuyt minh nguyn l lm vic ca s :
a) Gii thch cc k hiu:
-Aptomt A: l kh c in dng ng,ct mch ng
lc bo v mch khi mch b ngn mch hoc qu ti.
- Cu dao CD: l kh c dng ng,ct mch iu
khin.

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 - Cu ch CC: l kh c in dng bo v mch iu
khin,c tc dng t ng ct mch iu khin khi mch
ng lc khi qu ti,ngn mch.Khi ny ng c b mt in
nh cc tip im thng h m ra(do cc cng tc t mt
in) v c cu hm(phanh) hm ng c li.
-Cng tc KC: l cng tc cc hn,c tc dng ct in khi
v tr bung thang vt qu gii hn trn hoc gii hn di trong tr-
ng hp s c bo m an ton cho ngi v thit b trong
s .
- Kho C1 C8: l cc kho bo him, c tc dng t ng ct
in khi ca tng bt k cha ng bo m an ton cho
ngi khi ri xung ging thang.
-Kho BH: kho bo him, c tc dng t ng ct in khi
tc bung thang qu ln hoc t cp nng.
-Kho CB: kho lin ng c tc dng ct in khi ca
bung thang cha ng.
-Kho BT1 BT2: l kho lin ng c tc dng m tip im
khi bung thang c ngi.
- Nt dng D.
-Nt GT1 GT8: l cc nt gi tng, t trong cabin, iu
khin bung thang n tng ta ang ng .
-Nt T1T8: l cc nt n tng, c t trong cabin, iu
khin cabin n tng m ta cn n.
-Cng tc chuyn tc CVN,CVH: dng chuyn tc
cao xung tc thp khi bung thang i gn n sn cn
dng.CVN2 CVN8: cng tc chuyn tc khi nng,c t

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pha di mi sn tng t 600 900 mm.CVH1 CVH7,c t
trn mi sn tng t 600 900 mm.
-Cng tc CT1CT8: l cc cng tc tng, c tc dng
bung thang dng li sn tng cn dng.
-MO: l cc cun dy ng m t, c tc dng ng m ca
tng.
-in tr R: dng hn ch mmen ca ng c in
trong ch my pht khi chuyn t tc cao sang tc
thp. in tr ph c a vo cc pha ca stato ng c, khi
ng c lm vic n nh tc thp th tip im
thng h ng chm T khp kn li, cun dy ca cng tc t
Y c in, tip im thng h ca n khp kn li v ni tt
in tr R.
b) Nguyn l lm vic:
Gi thit bung thang sn tng 1 v hnh khch i vo.
Khi c ngi trong bung thang,sn bung thang s iu khin
m cc kho lin ng BT1 v BT2 ct kh nng iu khin
bung thang t cc nt gi tng GT.Nu hnh khch trong
bung thang mun ln gc 8 h ch cn n nt dng T 8.Lc
cc cun dy ca rle RT8 cng tc t nng N c cp in
theo mch t nt dng D, cc kho lin ng ca tng C 1
C8(nu cc ca tng u ng), cc tip im ca hm bo
him BH(nu cp nng khng t), cc tip im lin ng
ca bung thang CB (nu ca bung thang ng), nt dng
D, tip im thng kn H, cun dy cng tc t nng N,
cng tc tng CT8, cun dy ca rle tng RT8, nt 8T, cc
tip im thng kn Y,N,H.

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 Khi cun dy RT8 c in,cc tip im thng h RT8 khp
kn li.
S khp kn ca tip im RT8 ni tt nt 8T.Do khi hnh
khch th nt ra cc cun dy ca rle RT8 v cng tc t
nng N vn khng mt in.Cng nh vy khi cun dy ca
cng tc t N c in,cc tip im thng h khp kn
li,ng c chun b ng in theo chiu nng,cn cc tip
im thng kn N m ra ct kh nng lnh cho thang my
bng cc nt n tng.Khi tip im thng h RT8 khp kn
li,cun dy ca cng tc t tc cao c cp in theo
mch t tip im RT8,cng tc t chuyn i tc
CVN8,cng tc t tc cao BC,,tip im thng kn T,cun
dy cng tc t C.Khi cun dy C c in,tip im thng
h C khp kn li,ng c in c ng theo chiu nng vi
tc cao.ng thi s khp kn ca tip im thng h N
lm cun dy ca cng tc t TR c in,tip im thng h
TR ca n khp kn li,n tn hiu c in sng.ng c t
do quay nng bung thang ln tng 8.
S khp kn ca cc tip im thng h N v C cng ng
thi cp in cho cun dy ca cng tc t K0.Khi cun dy
ca cng tc t tc thp T chun b c cp in.
Khi bung thang i n gn sn tng 8(n mc t cng
tc chuyn i tc CVN8),cng tc CVN8 chuyn v tr
t a sang b,cun dy ca cng tc t tc cao C mt
in,tip im thng kn C trong mch in ca cng tc t
T khp kn li,cun dy T c cp in.Cc tip im thng

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h C m ra,cn cc tip im thng h T khp kn li.ng c
c ng theo chiu nng vi tc thp chun b dng.
Khi bung thang i n sn tng 8,cng tc tng ct mch
in ca rle RT8 v cng tc t N,cc tip im thng h N
h ra,ng c b ct in,c cu hm CH mt in v hm
ng c li.

Phn 4
Thng k tnh chn cc thit b,kh c in trong
s iu khin.
1) Tnh chn ptomt:
Aptomt c chn theo dng lm vic lu di,chnh l dng
lm vic tnh nh mc:

I dmA I lv max I tt I dmD

U dmA U dmmd 380 V(aptomt 3 pha)

Pdm
I dmD
3.U dm . cos .
Trong :
Pdm 10,2 KW 10200 W: cng sut in ng c nh
mc c chn.
U dm 380 V: in p dy t vo dy qun stato ng
c.
cos dm 0,9 : h s cng sut ng c.
0,84 : hiu sut ng c.

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 10200
I dm 19,7 A
3.380.0,9.0,84

Chn aptomt:
K hiu EA53-G do Nht bn sn xut.
- Hiu in th nh mc: U dmA 380 V.
-Dng in nh mc: I dm 20 A.
-Dng in ngn mch: I nm 5 KA
2) Tnh chn cu ch:
- Chn cu ch cho mch iu khin:
I dc I dmD

Pdm 10,2
I dmD 1,3 .10 3 = 1,3 .10 3 20,2(V )
3.U 3.380

Trong : U 380 V
Pdm : Cng sut tiu th mch diu khin.
Do mch ch gm cc cng tc t nn cng sut tiu th
nh,suy ra dng in tiu th cng nh.
Cu ch c chn tng i:
Ta chn cu ch in p thp kiu HH:
Dng in nh mc cu ch I dm 40 A,

Dng in nh mc dy chy I dc 10 A,do Lin X

ch to.
- Chn cu ch cho mch tn hiu v chiu sng:
1 n chiu sng cng sut 100 W
6 n tn hiu,cng sut mi n 6 W
Cng sut mch: 100 + 6.6 = 136 W
P 136
Dng in: I 0,6 A.
U 220

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Chn cu ch in p thp kiu HH:
Dng in nh mc cu ch I dm 40 A

Dng in nh mc dy chy I dc 10 A
3) Tnh chn tit din dy dn.
Dy dn c chn theo iu kin pht nng:
I tt 17,5
I cp 19,4 A.
k1 .k 2 1,13.0,8

k1 1,13 : h s k n mi trng t cp.

k 2 0,8 : h s hiu chnh theo s lng t cp trong cng
rnh.
Tra bng ta chn c dy dn: Chn dy cp ng h p 4
li cch in PVC do LENS ch to.k hiu 3G1,5. C dng
I cp 31 A.

Kim tra dy dn theo iu kin kt hp vi thit b bo v:

- Dy dn cho mch iu khin (c bo v bng cu
ch):
I dc 10
I cp 30 3,3 A
3
Vi 3 : h s mch ng lc.
- Dy dn cho mch ng lc(bo v bng aptomt):
I kddientu 20
I cp 4.4 30 4,4 A.
4,5 4,5

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