American International Journal of Available online at http://www.iasir.

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Research in Science, Technology,
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ISSN (Print): 2328-3491, ISSN (Online): 2328-3580, ISSN (CD-ROM): 2328-3629
AIJRSTEM is a refereed, indexed, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary and open access journal published by
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Prepaid Energy Meter with GSM Technology

Jubi.K, Mareena John
Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering
PSG College of Technology
Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India

Abstract: The aim of the project is to minimize the queue at the electricity billing counters and to restrict
the usage of electricity automatically, if the bill is not paid. The project also aims at proposing a system
that will reduce the loss of power and revenue due to power thefts and other illegal activities. The work
system adopts a totally new concept of Prepaid Electricity. The GSM technology is used so that the
consumer would receive messages about the consumption of power (in watts) and if it reaches the minimum
amount, it would automatically alert the consumer to recharge. This technology holds good for all
electricity distribution companies, private communities, IT parks and self-containing housing projects. The
implementation of this project will help in better energy management, conservation of energy and also in
doing away with the unnecessary hassles over incorrect billing. The automated billing system will keep
track of the real time consumption and will leave little scope for disagreement on consumption and billing.

Keywords: Energy meter, GSM technology, Microcontroller ATMEL 89S52.

I. Introduction
The GSM technology is used so that the consumer would receive messages about the consumption of power (in
watts) and if it reaches the minimum amount, it would automatically alert the consumer to recharge. This
technology holds good for all electricity distribution companies, private communities, IT parks and self-
containing housing projects. The implementation of this paper will help in better energy management,
conservation of energy and also in doing away with the unnecessary hassles over incorrect billing. The
automated billing system will keep track of the real time consumption and will leave little scope for
disagreement on consumption and billing.

II. Advantages of proposed methodology over existing methodology

The present power usage reading is made manually by moving to the consumer locations. This requires large
number of labor operators and long working hours to accomplish the task. Manual billing is sometimes restricted
and delayed by bad weather conditions. The printed billing also has the tendency of getting lost. Over the last
few years, Smart (Prepaid) Energy Meter has been proposed as an innovative solution aimed at facilitating
affordability and reducing the cost of utilities. This mechanism, essentially, requires the users to pay for the
electricity before its consumption. In this way, consumers hold credit and then use the electricity until the credit
is exhausted. If the available credit is exhausted then the electricity supply is cutoff by a relay. Readings made by
human operators are prone to errors. This project addresses the above mentioned problems. The development of
GSM infrastructure in past two decades made meter reading system wireless. The GSM infrastructure, which has
national wide coverage, can be used to request and retrieve power consumption notification over individual
houses and flats. Apart from making readings using GSM communication, billing system is needed to be made
prepaid to avoid unnecessary usage of power. The use of Prepaid Energy meter is still controversial. On the one
hand, those that support the diffusion of prepaid meters claim that they benefit both consumers and utilities
because they help users to consume more efficiently and to improve the management of their budget, while
allowing firms to reduce financial costs. On the other hand, those that are against prepaid meters argue that their
adoption is expensive for firms and risky for low income consumers, as the insecurity and volatility of their
income may force them to make little use of the service, or ultimately, bring about involuntary self-
disconnection.

III. Methodology
The prepaid card is recharged for a certain amount and can be fed as input to the Microcontroller AT89S52.
The AT89S52 is programmed such that power supply will be switched off by using relay when the recharged

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 Jubi.K et al., American International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, 3(2), June-August, 2013,
pp. 195-198

amount get used up. The GSM communication module is used to send a message to the consumer about the units
of power consumed and their balance and also LCD display is used to display the balance amount.
Figure 1 General block diagram

IV. LabVIEW Simulation

Logic is created that varies the power consumption according to the usage of load, so under no load, there is
no power consumption and no reduction in the price that is recharged. Algorithm used in labVIEW is given
below:
Insert the card into the Programmer (here the variable is used to represent the recharge amount).
Unit price per watt is multiplied with the consumed unit to give the current bill.
The current bill amount is the deducted from the recharged amount.
When the total amount recharged is used up, and then the power supplied to the load is stopped.
Figure 2 Simulation model under no load condition (no rotation of motor takes place)

In the above simulation the concept of decoder with 3 inputs is used and instead of energy meter multimeter was
used. Similarly the simulation is designed for all the eight combinations of input and the output voltage is varied.
Figure 3 Simulation model under loaded condition (the motor rotates proportional to the power
consumption)

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 Jubi.K et al., American International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, 3(2), June-August, 2013,
pp. 195-198

Figure 4 Simulation model for monitoring the power consumption.

In the above simulation initially the amount to be recharged is entered and according to the output of the
proximity sensor (unit consumption) total amount is kept reduced till it is used up and by then the loop is
terminated.
V. Working

The Microcontroller AT89S52 acts as the primary controller. The primary controller collects information from
energy meter as well as from the smart card. Here, switches are used instead of the IC. Smart card, which is the
switch, gives information about the limitation of units. The energy meter reading is compared with the smart
card information by the microcontroller. Depending upon the result, the microcontroller will activate the buzzer
if the credit is low and the Controller will trigger the Relay if the credit goes very low. The relay is the switching
device to cut off and restore power supply. The LCD is interfaced to microcontroller using parallel port
connection. The microcontroller based system, continuously records the readings. The coding emphasizes the
fact that it reduces human labour but increases the efficiency in calculation of bills for used electricity.The user
can be notified about the low balance in their credit with the help of the GSM module. The GSM modem is
serially connected with the controller which is the major communication module between user and meter. The
GSM uses its own network for the transfer of information. The programming makes use of messaging features of
GSM AT command. And, once the relay is triggered, the electricity supply will be cut off. The power will be
supplied again only if the meter is recharged with enough credit.

Figure 5 Circuit diagram of prepaid energy meter

To the above diagram GSM technology is included to send messages to the customer about the balance amount
and if the amount is totally used up then we shut down the power after alerting user.

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pp. 195-198

Figure 6 real time implementation of prepaid energy meter with GSM technology

V. Conclusion
The design of Smart Energy meter using GSM technology can make the users to pay for the electricity before its
consumption. In this way, consumers hold credit and then use the electricity until the credit is exhausted. If the
available credit is exhausted then the electricity supply is cutoff by a relay. An arrangement is also made to
intimate the user with the help of GSM communication module when their credit in their balance goes low. This
system has been proposed as an innovative solution to the problem of affordability in utilities system. Since a
microcontroller based system is being designed, the readings can be continuously recorded. This reduces human
labour and at the same time increases the efficiency in calculation of bills for used electricity. Smart energy
meters will bring a solution of creating awareness on unnecessary wastage of power and will tend to reduce
wastage of power. This module will reduce the burden of energy providing by establishing the connection easily
and no theft of power will take place.

References

[1] Loss.P.A.V, Lamego. M.M and Vieira.J.L.F, A single phase microcontroller based energy meter, IEEE Instrumentation and
Measurements Technology conference St. Paul, Minessota, USA, May 18-21, 1998.
[2] Saptarshi De, Rahul Anand, A Naveen and SiratMoinuddin, E-Metering Solution for checking energy thefts and streamlining revenue
collection in India, Student Member, IEEE, 2003.
[3] Chandler, T. 2005. The technology development of automatic metering and monitoring systems. Power Engineering Conference,
2005. IPEC 2005. The 7th International, Vol., No., pp.1-147.
[4] Ali Zaidi.S.K., Design and implementation of low cost electronic prepaid energy meter, Multitopic Conference, 2008. INMIC 2008.
IEEE International 2008.
[5] Syed Khizar Ali Zaidi I, HuraMasroor I, Syed Rehan Ashraf I and Ahmed Hassan, Design and Implementation of Low Cost
Electronic Prepaid Energy Meter, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, 2010.
[6] HuraMasroor I, Syed Rehan Ashraf I and Ahmed Hassan, Design and Implementation of low cost Electronic Prepaid Energy Meter,
NED University of Engineering and technology, Karachi, Pakistan, 2010.
[7] Jain and Bagree , A prepaid meter using mobile communication , International Journal of Engineering, Science and 164 Technology,
Vol. 3, No. 3, 2011, pp. 160-166.

Acknowledgments
To begin with, I would like to express our gratitude to our beloved Principal, Dr. R. Rudramoorthy for his support and encouragement
throughout.
We are deeply indebted to our beloved HOD, Dr. Jovitha Jerome, Professor, Department of Instrumentation and Control Systems
Engineering, for having given us an opportunity to pursue our academic interests and for the insightful comments and support
throughout.
We profusely thank our project guide, Mr. D. Jayaprasanth, Assistant Professor, Department of Instrumentation and Control
Engineering, for his constant support and encouragement throughout the course of our mini project. We are grateful for his
constructive criticism during the course of the mini project, which helped us make the necessary improvements.
We would also like to express our sincere thanks to our tutor,Mrs. R. Latha, Assistant Professor (SG), Department of Instrumentation
and Control Engineering, for her constant guidance.
We would also like to express our sincere thanks to Ms. T. K. Vijaya, Assistant professor, Department of Instrumentation and Control
Engineering, for her valuable suggestions and guidance.
We would also like to thanks to Mr. R. Ram Murugesh, Teaching assistant, Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering,
for spending his valuable time with us and for his kind support given to us throughout the project.

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