Trainer : MS Jo/Engineering Director

Nov 2011
Module 1 Revision 1.2 1
 Topics
Review of API 682 First Edition
Mission Statement
API 682 Second Edition
ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition
Scope of Standard
Key Concepts
Seal Types
Seal Arrangements
Categories
API Pipe Plan
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 Review of API 682 First Edition
Created by industry
leaders in rotating
equipment
Designed to capture
field experience
Defaults to proven
solutions
Applies to the most
common applications

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 Mission Statement
from API 682 First Edition

This standard is designed to default to the

equipment types most commonly
supplied that have a high probability of
meeting the objective of a least three
years of uninterrupted service while
complying with emissions regulations.

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 API 682 Second Edition
Success of First
Edition
Applications outside of
refineries
Application to non-API
610
Advancement in
sealing technology
Creation of an
International standard

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 ISO 21049
Review of API 682
Second Edition by
worldwide ISO member
countries
Reorganization of some
chapters
Rewording of some
clauses
Error corrections
Modified piping plan
selection flowchart
New piping plan

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 API 682 Third Edition
Release of ISO
21049 created two
standards that were
not identical
Third Edition
released to make
682 identical to ISO
21049

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 Scope of Standard
Comparison of Editions

First Edition Second Edition, ISO

21049, Third Edition
Size Seal sizes from Shaft diameters from
1.50 to 4.50 0.75 to 4.30
(30mm to 120mm) (20mm to 110mm)
Temperature -40F to 500F -40F to 750F
(-40C to 260C) (-40C to 400C)

Pressure (absolute) 0 to 515 PSIA 0 to 615 PSIA

(0 to 34.5 bar) (0 to 42 bar)

Fluids Water, sour water, caustic, Water, sour water, caustic,

amines, some acids, most amines, some acids, most
HCs HCs
Pumps API-610, ISO 13709 ANSI/ASME B73.1 and
B73.2, ISO 3069 Frame C,
API-610, ISO 13709

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 Key Concepts
Terminology
Seal Types
Seal Arrangements
Seal Categories

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 Seal Types
Over the years, seal companies have
released numerous designs and
variations
No standardization in seal designs,
materials, or dimensions
Challenge for API 682 Task Force was
to create standard seal types defining
seal design, materials, installation
envelope, and operating windows

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 Type A Seal

Rotating flexible element, multiple springs, O-ring secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM)
Alloy C276 springs (316 for single spring option)
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland

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 Type B Seal

Rotating bellows, O-ring secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM)
Alloy C-276 bellows
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland

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 Type C Seal

Stationary bellows, flexible graphite secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Alloy 718 bellows
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Premium carbon floating bushing in gland
Bronze anti-coke device

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 Rotating vs Stationary
The default Type A and Type B seals have a
rotating flexible element
A stationary flexible element is an alternate
The default Type C seal has a stationary
flexible element
A rotating flexible element is an alternate
If surface speed at the faces exceeds 4500
ft/min (23 m/s), a stationary flexible element
must be used

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 Seal Arrangements
The seal arrangement defines the
number or seals, their orientation, and
details about the seals operation
Designations
Contacting wet (CW)
Containment seals (CS)
Non-contacting dry-running
Contacting dry-running
Non-contacting (NC)
Wet running seals
Dry-running dual seals

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 Contacting Wet Seal - CW
Typical mechanical seal
Mechanical seal designed to run on
liquid fluid film
Does not intentionally create
hydrodynamic forces
Requires vapor suppression to keep
fluid in a liquid phase
Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours

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 Containment Seal - CS
Designed as a dry running backup seal
Outer seal in a dual non-pressurized
arrangement
May be either a non-contacting or
contacting design
Operates on buffer gas or vaporized
process fluid
Run for 25,000 hours at 10 PSI and at
least 8 hours under process conditions
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 Non-Contacting Seal - NC
May be used as a primary seal or as a
dual pressurized seal
Seal is designed to create
hydrodynamic forces to separate the
faces under all operating conditions
Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours

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Module 1 Revision 1.2 19
 Arrangement 1

1CW-FX or 1CW-FL configuration

Single mechanical seal
May have a fixed or floating throttle bushing
May have single point or distributed flush
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 Arrangement 2
Liquid Buffer Fluid

2CW-CW configuration
Dual non-pressurized seal with a liquid buffer
fluid
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 2 seal

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 Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2CW-CS configuration
Contacting wet seal with a dry running
containment seal
Containment seal may be either contacting or
non-contacting

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 Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2NC-CS configuration
Inner seal is designed to be non-contacting
and operate with liquid, vapor, or mixed phase
process
Outer seal a containment seal

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 Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

3CW-FB configuration
Contacting wet seals oriented in a series (or
face-to-back) orientation
Default Arrangement 3 liquid seal
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 3 seal
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 Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for

Arrangement 3
liquid seals
3CW-BB or 3CW-FF
configurations
May be required for
specific application
or pump designs

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 Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

3NC-BB configuration
Default Arrangement 3 gas seal
Non-contacting gas seals in a back-to-back
orientation

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 Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for

Arrangement 3 gas
seals
3NC-FF or 3NC-FB
configurations
May be required for
specific application
or pump designs

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 Categories
Different applications may require
different levels of seal sophistication
Current practice of specifying modified
API-682 seals
Size restrictions based on pump
construction
Cost impact of seals

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 Categories
Three categories
Category 1 General duty services in
chemical pumps
Category 2 Heavy duty services;
similar to API-610 7th edition seals
Category 3 Heavy duty services;
similar to API 682 First Edition seals

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 Comparison of Categories
FEATURE CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3
Seal chamber size ISO 3069 Type C, ISO 13709/API 610 ISO 13709/API 610
ANSI/ASME B73

Temperature range -40C to 260C -40C to 400C -40C to 400C

-40F to 500F -40F to 750F -40F to 750F
Pressure range 22 bar 42 bar 42 bar
absolute 315 PSIA 615 PSIA 615 PSIA
Face materials Carbon vs self- Carbon vs reaction Carbon vs reaction
sintered SiC bonded SiC bonded SiC

Distributed flush When required or When required or Required

requirements specified specified

Gland plate metal Required Required inside Required inside

to metal contact and outside bolt and outside bolt
circle diameter circle diameter

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 Comparison of Categories
FEATURE CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3
Seal sleeve size None 10mm increments 10mm increments
increments

Throttle bushing Fixed carbon, Fixed non-sparking Floating carbon

requirements floating carbon metal, floating
optional carbon optional
Pumping ring HQ No If specified Required
curve required

Scope of vendor Test as Category 1 Test as Category 1 Test as Category 3

qualification test unless faces tested unless faces tested as entire seal
as Category 3 as Category 3 assembly
Proposal document Minimal Minimal Rigorous including
requirements qualification tests

Contract data Minimal Minimal Rigorous

requirements

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 Review
API 682 Second Edition represents a major
revision over the First Edition
ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition provide
additional refinement to the standard
The Standard has categorized three types of
seals: Type A, B, and C
There are three basic arrangements:
Arrangement 1, 2, and 3
To address differing needs for features and
documentation, there are three categories of
seals: Category 1, 2, and 3

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 Piping Plans
The complete listing of piping plans is covered in
Annex
Continuation of piping plans from the First Edition
New piping plans introduced in Second Edition:
Moved over from API 610
Variations of dual pressurized liquid plans
Plans for containment and dual gas seals
New piping plans introduced in ISO 21049 / API 682
Third Edition:
Detection of atmospheric side leakage

Module 4 Revision 1.2

 Plan 14

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 Plan 53A

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 Plan 53B

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 Plan 53C

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 Plan 65

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 Plan 71

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 Plan 72

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 Plan 74

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 Plan 75

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 Plan 76

Module 4 Revision 1.2

 Seal Code
Informative
Different from 1st Edition
Different from API 610
Four segment code
First segment seal category (C1, C2, C3)
Second segment arrangement (A1, A2, A3)
Third segment seal type (A, B, C)
Fourth segment piping plan (e.g. 11)

Module 4 Revision 1.2

 Seal Code
C1A1B11
Category 1 seal
Arrangement 1 (single seal)
Type B seal (bellows)
Plan 11
C3A3A53B
Category 3 seal
Arrangement 3 (dual pressurized seal)
Type A seal (pusher)
Plan 53B (liquid barrier fluid pressurized
by a bladder accumulator)

Module 4 Revision 1.2

 Thank you
for
your Attention.
Module 1 Revision 1.2 46