"PRYING9" --- AISC 9th ED.

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS PROGRAM

Program Description:

"PRYING9" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis for prying action in
structural steel connections per the AISC 9th Edition (ASD) Code, pages 4-89 to 4-95. Specifically, bolt tension and
bolt shear are checked, and the prying force and required thickness are determined.

This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
Prying Action Prying action analysis for connections per AISC 9th Edition (ASD) Manual
Allowable Tension Force Allowable axial tension force at beam connection from bending due to prying

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. The Prying Action worksheet is valid for connections subjected to tension only, or to a combination of tension
and shear.
2. The Prying Action worksheet is only applicable for connection bolt diameters from 1/2 to 1-1/2
3. The Prying Action worksheet is only applicable for ASTM A325 or A490 high-strength connection bolts.
4. The Prying Action worksheet is applicable to connection bolts in bearing with threads included in shear plane
(N) or threads excluded from shear plane (X), as well as bolts in a slip critical connection (SC).
5. The Prying Action worksheet is applicable to connections with either standard or oversized bolt holes.
6. The Prying Action worksheet also takes fatigue effects into account when required to reduce the allowable bolt
tension stress.
7. The Allowable Tension Force worksheet has any applicable assumptions and limitations listed directly below
the tables of values.
8. This program contains numerous comment boxes which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a comment box
is denoted by a red triangle in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)
 "PRYING9.xls" Program
Version 2.0

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS

For Structural Steel Connections
Per AISC 9th Edition Manual (ASD) - Pages 4-89 to 4-95
Job Name: Subject: ###
Job Number: Originator: Checker: ###
###
Input Data: ###
###
Total Tension Load, Tt = 53.70 kips bf/2=4.25 ###
Total Shear Load, Vt = 26.80 kips g/2=2.75
Steel Yield, Fy = 36 ksi db=0.75 Q=2.94
Bolt Diameter, db = 0.750 in. ###
ASTM Bolt Desig. = A325 t=0.625
Bolt Type (N, X, or SC) = N A325
Bolt Hole Type = Standard T+Q=11.89 A490
Tributary Length/Bolt, p = 4.500 in. tw=1.75 b'=1.5 a'=1.875 N
Total No. of Bolts, Nb = 6 bolts X
Width, bf = 8.5000 in. b=1.875 a=1.5 SC
Thickness, t = 0.6250 in. Standard
M2
Thickness, tw = 1.7500 in. Oversized
Bolt Gage, g = 5.500 in. b=
No. of Loading Cycles = 20000 (for 25 years) b' =
M1 a=
Results: a' =
2*T=17.9 =
Check Bolt Tension and Shear: ###
Ab = 0.4418 in.^2 Ab = *db^2/4 Nomenclature N.A.
vb = 4.47 kips/bolt vb = Vt/Nb d' =
fv = 10.11 ksi fv = vb/Ab =
T= 8.95 kips/bolt T = Tt/Nb =
ft = 20.26 ksi ft = T/Ab ' =
Tb = 28.00 kips Tb = Tb from AISC Table J3.7 (for A325 bolts) t(req'd) =
Fv = 21.00 ksi Fv = Fv from AISC Table J3.2 (for N, X bolts)
Vb = 9.30 kips/bolt Vb = Fv*Ab Vb >= vb, O.K. tc =
Ft(w/o Shr.) = 44.00 ksi Ft = (Ft from Table J3.2, fatigue is not considered) =
Ft = 38.56 ksi Ft = SQRT(Ft^2-(Ft/Fv)^2*fv^2) (for N, X bolts) Q=
B= 17.00 kips/bolt B = Ft*Ab (for N, X bolts) B >= T, O.K. Check Allow
' =
Calculate Required Thickness: Ta =
b = 1.8750 in. b = (g-tw)/2
b' = 1.5000 in. b' = b-db/2
a = 1.5000 in. a = minimum of: (bf-g)/2 or 1.25*b t(req'd) =
a' = 1.8750 in. a' = a+db/2
= 0.8000 = b'/a'
d' = 0.8125 in. d' = dh = db+1/16 (for Standard holes)
= 0.8194 = 1-d'/p
= 1.124 = (1/)*(B/T-1)
' = 1.0000 If >= 1: ' = 1, If < 1: ' = lesser of 1 or (1/)*(/(1-))
t(req'd) = 0.604 in. t(req'd) = SQRT(8*T*b'/(p*Fy*(1+*'))) t >= t(req'd), O.K.
(continued)

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 "PRYING9.xls" Program
Version 2.0

Calculate Prying Force, Q:

tc = 1.122 in. tc = SQRT(8*B*b'/(p*Fy)) (to develop 'B' in bolts/no prying)

= 0.851 = 1/*((T/B)/(t/tc)^2-1) (Note: 0 <= a <= 1.0)
Q= 2.94 kips Q = B****(t/tc)^2 (prying force per bolt at design load)

Check Allowable Bolt Tension with Prying Action:

' = 1.5076 ' = 1/(*(1+))*((tc/t)^2-1)

Ta = 9.59 kips If ' >1: Ta = B*(t/tc)^2*(1+) , If ' < 0: Ta = B
If 0 <= ' <= 1: Ta = B*(t/tc)^2*(1+*')
Ta >= T, O.K.
Calculate Required Thickness to Eliminate Prying Action:

t(req'd) = 0.814 in. t(req'd) = SQRT(8*T*b'/(p*Fy))

Comments:

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 "PRYING9.xls" Program
Version 2.0

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS

Allowable Axial Tension Force at Beam End Connection
Based on Bending in Clip Angles or End Plate Due to Prying Action
Job Name: Subject: ###
Job Number: Originator: Checker: ###
###
Input Data: ###
bf=8+tw bf=8 ###
Steel Yield (Clips/Plate), Fy = 36 ksi g=5.5 g=5.5 ###
Bolt Diameter, db = 0.750 in. t t ###
ASTM Bolt Desig. = A325 Nr Nr ###
Bolt Type (N, X, or SC) = N 3 T 3 T ###
Bolt Hole Type = Standard 3 3 ###
Tributary Length/Bolt, p = 2.750 in. A325
Bolt Gage, g = 5.500 in. Lc=4 tw tw A490
N
For Clip Angles For End Plate
5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 1/2 5/8 3/4 1
ALLOWABLE AXIAL TENSION FORCE AT BEAM END CONNECTION (kips)
Beam Beam # Bolt t = 5/16'' t = 3/8" t = 1/2" t = 5/8" t = 3/4" t = 1/2" t = 5/8" t = 3/4" t = 1"
Size Web, tw Rows Clip Clip Clip Clip Clip End End End End
(Depth) (in.) (Nr) Angles Angles Angles Angles Angles Plate Plate Plate Plate
W6 0.170 1 2.1 3.1 5.9 9.9 15.4 4.6 7.2 10.4 18.4
W8 0.170 2 4.2 6.2 11.8 19.8 30.8 9.2 14.4 20.7 36.8
W10 0.190 2 4.2 6.2 11.9 19.9 31.0 9.3 14.5 20.8 37.0
2 4.2 6.2 11.9 20.0 31.1 8.9 14.5 20.9 37.1
W12 0.200
3 6.3 9.4 17.8 30.0 46.7 13.9 21.7 31.3 55.6
W14 0.230 3 6.3 9.4 18.0 30.2 47.1 14.0 21.9 31.5 56.0
3 6.4 9.5 18.1 30.4 47.5 14.1 22.0 31.6 56.3
W16 0.250
4 8.5 12.7 24.1 40.6 63.3 18.8 29.3 42.2 75.0
3 6.5 9.6 18.3 30.9 48.3 14.2 22.2 32.0 56.9
W18 0.300 4 8.6 12.8 24.5 41.2 64.4 19.0 29.6 42.7 75.8
5 10.8 16.0 30.6 51.5 80.4 23.7 37.0 53.3 94.8
4 8.7 13.0 24.8 41.9 65.5 19.2 30.0 43.1 76.7
W21 0.350 5 10.9 16.3 31.0 52.3 81.8 24.0 37.5 53.9 95.9
6 13.1 19.5 37.2 62.8 98.2 28.8 44.9 64.7 115.1
5 11.0 16.5 31.4 53.1 83.1 24.2 37.8 54.5 96.9
W24 0.395 6 13.3 19.7 37.7 63.7 99.7 29.1 45.4 65.4 116.2
7 15.5 23.0 44.0 74.3 116.4 33.9 53.0 76.3 135.6
5 11.2 16.8 32.1 54.2 85.1 24.6 38.4 55.3 98.3
6 13.5 20.1 38.5 65.1 102.1 29.5 46.1 66.4 118.0
W27 0.460
7 15.7 23.5 44.9 75.9 119.1 34.4 53.8 77.4 137.7
8 18.0 26.8 51.3 86.7 136.1 39.3 61.5 88.5 157.3
6 13.5 20.2 38.6 65.3 102.4 29.6 46.2 66.5 118.3
7 15.8 23.5 45.0 76.1 119.5 34.5 53.9 77.6 138.0
W30 0.470
8 18.0 26.9 51.4 87.0 136.6 39.4 61.6 88.7 157.7
9 20.3 30.3 57.9 97.9 153.7 44.4 69.3 99.8 177.4
6 13.8 20.6 39.6 67.0 105.5 30.1 47.1 67.8 120.5
7 16.1 24.1 46.1 78.2 123.0 35.2 54.9 79.1 140.6
W33 0.550 8 18.4 27.5 52.7 89.4 140.6 40.2 62.8 90.4 160.7
9 20.7 31.0 59.3 100.6 158.2 45.2 70.6 101.7 180.8
10 23.0 34.4 65.9 111.7 175.8 50.2 78.5 113.0 200.9
6 14.0 20.9 40.2 68.2 107.5 30.5 47.7 68.6 122.0
7 16.4 24.4 46.9 79.6 125.4 35.6 55.6 80.1 142.3
W36 0.600 8 18.7 27.9 53.6 90.9 143.3 40.7 63.5 91.5 162.7
9 21.0 31.4 60.3 102.3 161.2 45.7 71.5 102.9 183.0
10 23.4 34.9 67.0 113.7 179.1 50.8 79.4 114.4 203.3

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 "PRYING9.xls" Program
Version 2.0

a' =
=

Notes: ' =
T=
1. Primary use of this table is to quickly determine if clip angles or end plate connection should be used. W36x256
2. For double-angle clips, this table assumes 2-L4x3-1/2 angles with long outstanding legs (OSL). For 3/4" Clip A
3. Total width for double-angle clip connection, bf = 2*4" + min. beam web thickness (tw) = 8"+tw. Beam Size:
4. Total width of end plate is assumed to be bf = 8". Nb =
5. This table is for axial tension force (transfer force at joint) only. Beam end shear is not considered. bf =
6. Check of combined stresses on connection bolts must be done independently. b=
7. Forces shown in table are conservative, when based on use of minimum web thickness for given beam size (depth). b' =
8. Forces shown in table are "unfactored", i.e., allowable stress increases for wind or seismic are not included. a=
a' =
Prying Action Analysis Formulas: =
tc =
Nb = 2*Nr ' =
bf = 2*(4" OSL)+tw , for clip angles T=
bf = 8" , for end plate W33x515
b = (g-(2*ta+tw))/2 , for clip angles For 1/2" End P
b = (g-tw)/2 , for end plate Beam Size:
b' = b-db/2 Nb =
a = minimum of: (bf-g)/2 or 1.25*b bf =
a' = a+db/2 b=
= b'/a' b' =
B = 19.44 kips/bolt (for 0.75" A325N bolts) a=
d' = dh = 0.8125 (for Standard bolt holes) a' =
= 1-d'/p =
tc = SQRT(8*B*b'/(p*Fy)) tc =
' = 1/(*(1+))*((tc/t)^2-1) ' =
T=
Allowable axial tension force, T: W33x141
If ' > 1 , T = Nb*(B*(t/tc)^2*(1+)) For 5/8" End P
If 0 <= ' <= 1 , T = Nb*(B*(t/tc)^2*(1+*')) Beam Size:
If ' < 0 , T = Nb*B Nb =
bf =
b=
b' =
a=
a' =
=
tc =
' =
T=
W30x211
For 3/4" End P
Beam Size:
Nb =
bf =
b=
b' =
a=
a' =
=
tc =
' =
T=

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