DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING DRAWING
Assignments-I
Conic Sections
Ellipse
1. Construct an ellipse, with distance of the focus from the directrix as 50 and eccentricity as 2/3.
Also, draw normal and tangent to the curve at a point 40 from the
directrix.(May/june2008,2010,JNTU)
2. Two fixed points A and B are 100apart. Trace the complete path of the point P moving in such
a way that the sum of its distances from A and B is always the same and equal to 125. Name
the curve. Draw a tangent and normal to the curve through a point 30 above AB
line.(june2009,2010 JNTU)
3. The major axis of an ellipse is 150 long and the minor axis is 100 long. Find the foci and draw
the ellipse by arcs of circle method. Draw tangent to the ellipse at a point on it, 25 above the
major axis.(June 2008, JNTU)
4. The foci of an ellipse are 85 apart and the minor axis is 60 long. Determine the length of the
major axis and draw the ellipse by oblong method.(aug/sep 2008,JNTU)
5. The major axis of an ellipse is 120 and the distance between the foci is 80. Determine the
length of the minor axis. Draw the curve by concentric circle method. Draw the normal and
tangent to the curve at 40 from the foci.
6. Inscribe an ellipse in a rectangle of sides 120 and 80.
7. An ellipse has the major axis and minor axis in the ratio of 3:2. Draw the ellipse, when the
major axis is 130. Draw a tangent and a normal at 55 from foci.
8. In a triangle ABC ; AB, AC, and BC are 75, 60 and 50 long respectively. Draw an ellipse such
that, A and B are the foci and C is a point on the curve.
9. Two points A and B are 100 apart. A point C is 75 from A and 60 From B. Draw an ellipse
passing through A, B and C.(Aug/ sep 2008, NJTU)
10. Inscribe an ellipse in a parallelogram having sides 150 and 100 long and an included of
120.(May/ June 2008,JNTU)
11. The foci of an ellipse are 90 apart and the minor axis is 65 long. Determine the major axis and
draw half the ellipse by concentric circle method and the other half by oblong method. Draw
tangent to the ellipse at a point 25 above the major axis.(May/ June 2010,JNTU)
12. Two fixed points A and B are 100 apart. Trace the complete path of a point P moving (in the
same plane as that of A and B) in such a way that the sum of the distances from A and B is
always equal to 125. Name the curve. Draw another curve parallel to and 25 away from this
curve.

Parabola
13. Construct a parabola, with the distance of the focus from the directrix as 60. Also, draw
normal and tangent to the curve, at a point 40 from the directrix.(may / june 2010,JNTU)
14. Construct a parabola with base 60 and length of the axis 40. Draw tangent to the curve at a
point 20 from the base. Also, locate the focus and directrix to the parabola.( May/June
2010,JNTU)
15. A stone is thrown from a building of 7m height and at its highest flight, the stone just crosses
a palm tree of 14m height. Trace the path of the stone, if the distance between the building
and the tree is 3.5m.
16. A fixed point is 75 from a fixed straight line. Draw the locus of a point P moving in such
away that its distance from the fixed straight line is equal to its distance from the fixed point.
 Name the curve. Draw a normal and a tangent at any point on the curve.(May/June
2008,JNTU)
17. A ball thrown up in the air reaches maximum height of 45m and travels a horizontal distance
of 75m. Trace the path of the ball, assuming it to be parabolic. (May/June2010)
18. A fountain jet discharges water from the ground level at an inclination of 50 to the ground.
The jet travels a horizontal distance of 9m from the point of discharge and falls on the ground.
Trace the path of the jet.(Aug/Sep2008,JNTU)
19. Draw a rectangle having its sides 125 and75 long. Inscribe two parabolas in it with their axes
bisecting each other. (May/June 2008,JNTU)
20. In a triangle ABC; AC and BC are 75 each. The angle at C is 120. Draw a parabola passing
through A, C and B.

Hyperbola
21. Draw a straight line AB of any length. Mark a point F, 65 from AB. Trace the path of a point
P moving in such a way that the ratio of its distance from the point F, to its distance from AB
is 3:2. Plot at least 10 points. Name the curve. Draw a normal and tangent to the curve at a
point which is 45 from F. (Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
22. Construct a rectangular hyperbola, when a point P on it is at distances of 18 and 34 from two
asymptotes. Also, draw a tangent to the curve at a point 20 from an asymptote.(May/June,
2010,JNTU)
23. Two points A and B are 50 apart. Draw the curve traced out by a point P moving in such a
way that the difference between its distance from A and B is always constant and equal to
20.(June 2008,JNTU)
24. The vertex of as hyperbola is 65 from its focus. Draw the curve, if the eccentricity is 3/2.
Draw a normal and a tangent at a point on the curve, which is 75 from the directrix.(June
2008,2010,JNTU)
25. Draw a hyperbola having the double ordinate of 100, the abscissa of 60 and the transverse axis
of 100. (May/June 2010,JNTU)
26. Two straight lines OA and OB are at an angle of 75 between them. P is a point 40 from OA
and 50 from OB. Draw a hyperbola through P, with OA and OB as Asymptotes making at
least 10 points.(May/June 2008,JNTU)

Cycloidal curves
27. Construct a cycloid, given the diameter of the generating circle as 40. Draw tangent to the
curve at a point on it, 35 from the line. (Aug/Sep 2008,2010,JNTU)
28. A circle of 50 diameter rolls on a horizontal line for half a revolution clock-wise and then on a
line inclined at 60 to the horizontal for another half, clock-wise. Draw the curve traced by a
point P on the circumference of the circle, taking the top most point on the rolling circle as
the initial position of the generating point. (Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
29. A coin of 40 diameter rolls over horizontal table without slipping. A point on the
circumference of the coin is in contact with the table surface in the beginning and after one
complete revolution. Draw and name the curve. Draw a tangent and normal at any point on
the curve. .(Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
30. A circle of 40 diameter rolls on a straight line without slipping. In the initial position, the
diameter PQ of the circle is parallel to the line, on which it rolls. Draw the loci of the points P
and Q for one revolution of the circle. .(Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
31. ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 70. Trace the loci of vertices A, B and C, when the
circle circumscribing ABC, rolls without slipping along a fixed straight line, for one complete
revolution.
 32. A circle of 45 diameter rolls along a straight line without slipping. Draw the curve traced out
by a point P on the circumference for 1.5 revolution of the circle. Name the curve. Draw a
tangent and normal at a point on it 35 from the line.(Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
33. A circle of 50 diameter rolls on a straight line without slipping. Trace the locus of a point P on
the circumference of the circle for one and half revolutions. Name the curve. Also draw the
tangent and normal to the curve at a point 33 above the straight line on the ascending side of
the curve.( June 2009,JNTU)
34. A circle of 35 diameter rolls on a horizontal line. Draw the curve traced out by a point R on
the circumference for one half revolution of the circle. For the remaining half revolution, the
circle rolls on the vertical line. The point R is vertically above the center of the circle in the
starting position. (May/June 2008,2010,JNTU)
35. Draw an epi-cycloid, given the radii of generating and directing circle as r = 20 and R = 72
respectively. Also, draw a normal and tangent at any point on the curve.(Aug/Sep
2008,JNTU)
36. A circus man rides on a motor cycle, inside a globe of 4m diameter. The motor cycle wheel is
1m diameter. Draw the locus of a point on the circumference of the wheel of motor cycle for
its one complete turn on the maximum diameter path and name the curve. (June 2009, JNTU)
37. Draw a hypo cycloid of a circle of 30 diameter which rolls inside another circle of 160
diameter for one revolution counter clock wise. Draw a tangent and a normal to it at point 60
from the center of the directing circle. (May/ June 2008,JNTU)
38. Circle of 50 diameter rolls on the circumference of another circle of 175 diameter and outside
it. Trace the locus of a point on the circumference of the rolling circle for one complete
revolution. Name the curve. Draw a tangent and a normal to the curve at a point 125 from
center of the directing circle. (Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)

Involutes
39. Draw the involute of an equilateral triangle of side 20 and draw a normal and tangent at a
distance 60 from the centre of the triangle. (May/ June 2010,JNTU)
40. Draw the involute of a circle of 50 diameters. Also, draw a normal and a tangent to the curve
at a point 100 from the centre of the circle.
41. A straight line AB of length 100, initially tangential at A, to a circle of 40 diameter, rolls
without slipping on the circle, till the end B touches the circle. Show the path of the ends A
and B of the line and name the curve.
42. An inelastic string of length L has its one end attached to the circumference of a circle of 50
diameter. Draw the curve traced by the other end of the string, when it is tightly wound round
the circle, when L is (i) 100 and (ii) 200.
43. A disc is in the form of a square of 30 side surmounted by semi-circles on opposite sides.
Draw the path of the end of a string unwound from the circumference of the disc.
44. AB is the diameter of a semi-circle of radius 80. A string is tied tightly from A to B around
the semi-circle starting from A. The end B is unwound, keeping the string taut until it lies
along the tangent at A. Trace the path of the end B of the string.
45. A disc is in the form of a square of 30 side surmounted by a semi-circle on one side and a half
hexagon on the opposite side. Draw the path of the end of a string, unwound from the
circumference of the disc, assuming that the length of the string as 140.

Assignments-II
Projection of Points
1. State the quadrants in which the following points are located:
 A- front and top views are above xy
B- front view below xy and top view above xy
C- front view above xy and top view below xy
D front and top views are below xy
2. Mention the relative positions of the projections of the following points with respect to xy:
A- in the fourth quadrant
B- in the second quadrant
C- in the third quadrant
D- in the first quadrant
3. A point A is 20 above H.P and 30 In front of V.P. Draw the projections of the point.
4. A point C is 20 below H.P and 30 behind V.P. Draw its projections.
5. A point 30 above xy line is the plan view of two points P and Q. The elevation of P is 45
above the H.P while that of the point Q is 35 below the H.P. Draw the projections of points
and state their positions with reference to the principal planes and the quadrants in which they
lie.(May/ june 2008,JNTU)
6. Two points A and B are on H.P; the point A being 30 in front of V.P, while B is 45 behind
V.P. The joining their top views makes an angle of 45 with xy. Find the horizontal distance
between two points. (Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
7. Draw the projections of the following points, keeping the distance between the projections as
25 on the same reference line:
A- 25 above H.P and 45 in front of V.P
B- 45 below H.P and on V.P
C- On H.P and 35 in front of V.P
D- On H.P and 25 behind V.P
E- On both H.P and V.P
8. Draw the projections of the following points on the same reference line, keeping the
projectors 20 apart:
(a) point C, in the V.P and 40 above the H.P
(b) point D, 25 below the H.P and 25 behind the V.P
(c) point E, 15 above the H.P and 50 behind the V.P
(d) point F, 40 below the H.P and 25 in front of the V.P.
9. Two points P and Q are in the H.P. The point P is 30 in front of V.P and Q is behind the
V.P.The distance between their projectors is 80 and line joining their top views makes an
angle of 40 with xy. Find the distance of the point Q from the V.P.(June 2008, 2009,JNTU)
10. A point at 25 above the reference line xy is the front view of two points A and B. The point A
is 40 behind V.P and B is 50 in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the points and state their
positions relative to the planes of projection and the quadrants in which they
lie.(Aug/sep2008,June 2009,JNTU)
11. Indicate the positions of the points Shown in fig 1: With respect to the planes of projection.
12. A point P is 15 above H.P and 20 in front of V.P. Another point Q is 25 behind V.P and 40
below H.P. Draw projections of the points P and Q; keeping the distance between their
projects equal to 90. Draw straight lines joining (i) their top views and (ii) their fronts
views.(May/June 2008,JNTU)
13. Two pegs fixed on a wall are 4.5m apart. The distance between the pegs measured parallel to
the floor is 3.6m. If one peg is 1.5 above the floor, find the height of the second peg and the
inclination of the line joining the two pegs, with the floor.
14. A point P is 20 below the H.P and lies in the third quadrant. Its shortest distance from XY is
40. Draw its projections. (May/June,2008,JNTU)
15. Draw the projections of a point B, lying in first quadrant such that its shortest distance from
the reference line XY is 50 and it is equi-distant from H.P and V.P.The point is 30 from P.P.
Draw the projections of the point and determine its distance from H.P and V.P.
Projection of Lines
1. Draw the projections of a 70 long straight line in the following positions:
(a) parallel to and 40 in front of V.P and in H.P
(b) Perpendicular to H.P, 20 in front of V.P and its one end 15 above H.P
2. Draw the projections of a 65 long straight line in the following position:
(i) parallel to both H.P and V.P and 25 from each
(ii) perpendicular to H.P, in V.P and its one end in H.P
3. A 95 long line is parallel to and 50 above H.P. Its two ends are 20 and 50 in front of V.P
respectively. Draw its projections and find its inclination with V.P.
4. A line PQ 40 long is parallel to V.P and inclination at an angle of30 to H.P. The end P is 15
above H.P and 20 in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line.(Aug/Sep 2008,JNTU)
5. (a) A line PQ, 90 long, is in the H.P and makes an angle of 30 with the V.P. Its end P is 25
in front of the V.P. Draw its projections.
(b) The length of the top view of a line parallel to the V.P. Draw the projections. One end
of the line is 12 above the H.P and 25 in front of the V.P. Draw the projections of the
line and determine its true length.
6. A line MN 50 long is parallel to V.P and inclined at 45 to H.P. The end M is 20 above H.P
and 15 in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line and find its traces.
7. A line AB is 75 long. A is 50 in front of V.P and 15 above H.P. B is 15 in front of V.P and is
above H.P. Top view of AB is 50 long. Draw and measure the front view. Find the true
inclination.
8. Find the distance between two points A and B when B is 40 in front of V.P and 25 mm above
H.P the point A is 25 behind V.P and 40 below H.P. The distance between the projectors
measured along xy line is 40.
9. A line AB 65 long has its end A, 20 above H.P and 25 in front of V.P. The end B is 40 above
H.P and 65 in front of V.P Draw the projections of AB and show its inclination with H.P and
V.P.
10. Draw the projection of line AB 90 long its midpoint M being 50 above H.P and 40 in front of
V.P. The end A is 20 above H.P and 10 in front of V.P. show the inclination of the with H.P
and V.P
11. The front view of a 125 long line PQ measures 100. Its end Q and the mid-point M are in the
first quadrant, M being 20 from both the planes. Draw the projections of the line PQ.
12. Two pegs fixed on a wall are 4.5m apart. The distance between the pegs measured parallel to
the floor is 3.6m. If one peg is 1.5m above the floor, find the height of the second peg and the
inclination of the line joining the two pegs, with the floor.
13. A room measures 8m long, 5m wide and 4m high. An electric bulb hangs in the centre of the
ceiling and 1m below it. A thin straight wire connects the bulb to a switch kept in one of the
corners of the room and 1.25m above the floor. Draw the projections of the wire. Also
determine its true length and slope with the floor.
14. The top view of a 75 long line AB, measures 65; while the length of its front view is 50. Its
one end A is in the H.P and 12 in front of the V.P. Draw the projections of the line AB and
determine its inclinations with H.P and V.P.
15. A line AB 120 long is inclined at 45 to H.P and 30 to V.P. Its mid point C is in V.P and 20
above H.P. The end A is in third quadrant and end B is in first quadrant. Draw the projections
of the line.
16. A line measuring 80 long has one of its ends 60 above H.P and 20 in front of V.P. The other
end is 15 above H.P and in front of V.P. The front view of the line is 60 long. Draw the top
view.
17. The end A of a line AB is on H.P and 25 behind V.P. The end B is on V.P and 50 above H.P.
The distance between the end projectors is 80. Draw the projections of AB and determine its
true length, traces and inclinations with the two planes.
18. A line MN of 90 long, is inclined at 45 to V.P and 30 to H.P. Its end M is in the second
quadrant and the end N is in the fourth quadrant. A point P on MN, which is 60 from M, lies
on both H.P and V.P. Draw the projections of the line MN and find its traces.
19. A line AB, 65 long, has its end A in H.P and 15 in front of V.P. The end B is in the third
quadrant. The line inclined at 30 to H.P and at 45 to V.P. Draw the projections.
20. A line AB has its end A 15 behind V.P and 20 below H.P and the end B 38 behind V.P and 49
below H.P. The distance between the end projectors is 37. Draw the projections of the line and
find out its true length and inclinations with H.P and V.P.
21. A line AB 80 long is in the second quadrant with the end A in the H.P and the end B in the
V.P. The line is inclined at 30 with H.P and 45 to V.P. Draw the projections of AB.
22. A line AB 80 long makes an angle of 30 with V.P and lies in a plane perpendicular to both
H.P and V.P. Its end A is in H.P and the end B is in V.P. Draw its projections.
23. The front view of a line, which is inclined at 30 to V.P, is 65 long. Draw the projections of
the line when it is parallel to and 40 above H.P; its one end being 30 in front of V.P.
24. A line measuring 80 long, has one of its ends 60 above H.P and 20 in front of V.P. The other
end is 15 above H.P and in front of V.P. The front view of the line is 60 long. Draw the top
view.
25. A point P is 25 in front of the V.P and 40 above the H.P. Another point Q is 40 in front of the
V.P and 25 above the H.P. The distance measured between the projectors is 40. Draw the
projections and find the distance between P and Q.

Assignments-III
Projections of Planes

1. A square lamina of 40 side is perpendicular to H.P. One of its sides is 20 above H.P and 15 in
front of V.P. Draw its projections.
2. An equilateral triangular lamina of side 30 is parallel to H.P and perpendicular to V.P. One of
its sides is 20 in front of V.P and 30 above H.P. Draw its projections.
3. A pentagonal plate of 35 side is perpendicular to V.P and parallel to H.P. one of its edges is
perpendicular to V.P. Draw its projections.
4. An equilateral triangle of 50 side, has its plane parallel to H.P and 30 away from it. Draw the
projections when one of its sides is (i) perpendicular to V.P, (ii) parallel to V.P (iii) inclined to
V.P at an angle of 45. Locate its traces.
5. An isosceles triangle ABC of base 60 and altitude 75, has its base Ac in H.P and inclined at 30
to V.P. The corners A and B are in the V.P. Draw its projections.
6. A rectangle ABCD of size 6040, has a corner on H.P and 20 away from V.P. All the sides of
the rectangle are equally inclined to H.P and parallel to V.P. Draw the projections and locate
its traces.
7. A square ABCD of 50 side, has its corner A in the H.P, its diagonal Ac inclined at 30 to the
H.P and the diagonal BD inclined at 45 to the V.P and parallel to H.P. Draw its projections.
8. A pentagon of 30 side has one corner on H.P. Its plane is inclined at 65 to V.P and parallel to
H.P. Draw its projections.
9. A square lamina ABCD of 30 side, rests on one of its corners on the ground. Its plane is
inclined at 35 with H.P and diagonal DB inclined at 65 to V.P and parallel to H.P. Draw its
projections.
10. Draw the projections of a regular pentagon of 40 side, having its surface at 30 to V.P and the
side on which it rests on V.P, makes an angle of 60 with H.P.
11. A regular pentagon of length of 30 side, has one of its corners on V.P and its surface is
inclined at 60 to V.P. The edge, opposite to the corner on V.P, makes an angle of 45 with
H.P. Draw the projections of the plane.
12. Draw the projections of a regular hexagon of 25 side, having one of its sides in H.P and
inclined at 60 to V.P and its surface making an angle of 45 with H.P.
13. A circular plate is parallel to H.P. Its radius is 30 and the center is 50 above H.P and 40 in
front of V.P. Draw the projections.
14. Draw the projections of a circle diameter of 5 cm having its plane vertical and inclined at 30
to V.P. Its center is 3 cm above H.P and 2 cm in front of V.P.
15. A circular plate of negligible thickness and 60 diameter appears as an ellipse in the top view,
having its major axis 60 and minor axis 30. Draw its projections and find the inclination of the
plate with H.P.
16. A circular plate of 60 diameter has a hexagonal hole of 20 side, centrally punched. Draw the
projections of the plate, resting on H.P on a point, with its surface inclined at 30 to H.P. Any
two parallel sides of the hexagonal hole are perpendicular to V.P. Draw the projections of the
plate.
17. A circular plane of 60 diameter rests on V.P on a point A on its circumference. Its plane is
inclined at 45 to V.P. Draw the projections of the plane when (i) the front view of the
diameter AB makes 30 with H.P and (ii) the diameter AB itself makes 30 with H.P.
18. Draw the projections of a circle of 50 diameter resting in H.P on a point A on the
circumference, its plane is inclined at 45 to H.P and (i) The top view of the diameter AB
making 30 angle with the V.P. (ii) The diameter AB making 30 angle with the V.P.
19. A thin semi-circular plate of 70 diameter, has its straight edge in H.P and inclined at 45 to
V.P, while the surface of the plate is inclined at 30 to H.P. The end A of the diameter AB is
nearer to the V.P and is at a distance 25 from it. Draw the projections of the plate.
20. A regular hexagon of 40 side, has a corner on H.P. Its surface is inclined at 45to H.P and the
top view of the longest diagonal through the corner on which it rests, makes an angle of
60with V.P. Draw its projections.
21. Draw the projections of a regular hexagon of side 25, having one of its sides on H.P and
inclined at 60 to V.P and its surface making an angle of 45 with H.P.
22. An equilateral triangular lamina of side 50 is perpendicular to both the planes. Draw its
projections.
23. A circular plate of 50 dia, is perpendicular to both planes.Its center if 60 above H.P and 50 in
front of V.P. Draw the projections of the plate.
24. Draw the projections of a circle of 75 diameter having the end A of a diameter A in H.P, the
end B in V.P, and the surface inclined at 30 to H.P and 60 to V.P.
25. A regular pentagon of side 30 is resting on one of its edges on H.P, witch is inclined at 45 to
V.P. Its surface is inclined at 30 to H.P. Draw its projections.
26. Draw the projections of a regular pentagon of 20 side with its surface making an angle of 45
with H.P. One of the sides of the pentagon is parallel to H.P and 15 away from it.
27. A thin 30-60 set square has its longest edge in the V.P and inclines at 30 to H. p. Its surface
makes an angle of 45 with the V.P. Draw its projections.
28. The top view of a plate, the surface of which is perpendicular to V.P and inclined at 60 to
H.P, is a circle of 60 diameter, Draw its three views.

Auxiliary Planes
1. An isosceles triangle ABC, of base 60 and altitude 40, has Ac on H.P and inclined at 30 to
V.P. The corner A and B are on V.P. Draw its projections.
2. The top view of a line AB of 100 long, measures 85, while the length of the front view is 65.
Its one end A is on H.P and 15 behind V.P. Draw the projections of AB and determine its
inclinations with H.P and V.P. Find the distance of the mid point of AB from xy.
3. Draw an isosceles triangle abc, of base ab equal to 40 and altitude 75 with a on xy and ab
inclined at 450to xy. The figure is the top view of a triangle, whose corners A,B and C are
75,25, and 50 above H.P. Determine the true shape of the triangle and the inclinations of AB
with H.P and V.P
4. Determine the true shape of the plane figure, the front view of which is straight line, making
an angle of 300 with xy and the top view, a hexagon of side 30, with one side making an angle
of 450with xy.
5. An equilateral triangle ABC of side 75 long, has its side AB on V.P and inclined at 60 0 to H.P.
Its plane makes an angle of 450with V.P. Draw its projections.
6. The top view of a triangular lamina is an equilateral triangle of side 40, with one side parallel
to xy, while the front view is a line of 50 length. Determine the true shape of the triangle.
7. Top view of a plate, The surface of which is inclined at 60 0 to H.P and perpendicular to V.P,
is a regular pentagon of side 50, with one edge perpendicular to xy.
(a)Find the rue shape of the plate and
(b)Draw the projections of the plate, when the edge whose top view was perpendicular
to xy earlier, becomes parallel to V.P; while the surface of the plate is still at 600 to
H.P
8. The top view of a plane abcd, is a square of 50 side with ab making 30 0 to xy. The corners
B,C and D are respectively 35, 85, and 50 above H.P; while A is on H.P. Find the true shape
of the plane.
9. A circle of 75 diameter, has the end of A of the diameter AB on H.P. Its surface is inclined at
600 to H.P and the top view of the diameter makes an angle of 300 with xy. Draw its
projections.
10. A circular plane of diameter 40, is resting on H.P on a point. Its surface is inclined at 30 0to
H.P. Draw the projections of the circle when (i) the top view of the diameter through the
resting point makes an angle of 450with xy and (ii) the diameter passing through the resting
point makes an angle of 450 with V.P.
11. Draw the projections of a regular pentagon of 25 side, having one of its sides resting on H.P
and making an angle of 60 with V.P and its surface is an angle of 40 with H.P.
12. A thin regular hexagon plate of 30 side is resting on V.P on one of its edges, which makes an
angle of 45with H.P and the surface is inclined at 30 to V.P. Draw its projections.
13. The top view abc of a triangle ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 50, ab being inclined
at45 to xy. The point A is on V.P and 35 above H.P and the points B and C are on H.P. Draw
the projections of the triangle and determine the true shape.
14. A regular pentagon of edge 30, is resting on H.P on one of its corners such that, the surface
makes an angle of 60 to H.P. The edge opposite to this corner makes an angle of 45with V.P.
Draw its projections.
15. The top view abcd of a plane is a square of 50 side with ab making 30 with xy. The corners
B, C, D are respectively 35, 80 and 50 above H.P, while A is on H.P. Find the true shape of
the plane.

Assignments-IV
Projections of Solids
1. Draw the projections of the following solids, situated in their respective positions, taking the
side of the base equal to 40 and the length of the axis as 70.
(a) A square prism with base on H.P and a side of base inclined at 30 to V.P.
(b) A hexagonal prism with base on H.P and a side of the base parallel and 25
from V.P.
(c) A pentagonal prism with a rectangular face on H.P, Axis perpendicular to
V.P and one base on V.P.
(d) A cub of edge 40, with a base on H.P and face perpendicular to V.P. The
nearest edge parallel to V.P is 5 in front of it.
2. A triangular prism, base 40 side and height 65, is resting on H.P on one of it rectangular faces,
with the axis parallel to V.P. Draw its projections.
3. A 70 diameter spherical paper weight has a 45 diameter flat bas. It is resting on H.P such that
(a) Its flat base is perpendicular to H.P and inclined at 30 to V.P.
(b) Its axis parallel to H.P and inclined at 60 to V.P. Draw its projections.
4. One of the body diagonals of a cube of 45 edge, is parallel to H.P and inclined at 45 to V.P.
Draw the front view and top view of the cube.
5. Draw the projections of a cube 25 long rests on the V.P on one of its corners with a solid
diagonal perpendicular to H.P.
7. A square prism , side of base 30 and axis 45 long, lies on H.P such that, its axis is parallel to
both H.P and V.P. Draw the top and front view of the prism, when
(a) It lies with one of its rectangular face on H.P, and
(b) It lies with one of its longer edge on H.P.
8. An equilateral triangular prism of side of base 25 and axis 50 long is resting on an edge of its
base on H.P. The face containing that edge is inclined at 30 to H.P. Draw the projections of
the prism, when the edge on which the prism rests, is inclined at 60 with V.P.
9. A hexagonal prism has one of its rectangular faces parallel to H.P. Its axis is perpendicular to
V.P and 35 above the ground. Draw its projections when the nearest end is 20 in front of V.P.
Side of base 25 long and axis is 50 long.
10. A pentagonal pyramid of edge of base 30 and length of axis 65 is resting on a corner of the
base on the HP. The triangular face opposite to the corner on the HP is inclined to the HP at
45 with its shorter edge inclined to the VP at 60.Draw its projections.
11. A pentagonal pyramid, base 40 mm side and height 75 mm rests on one edge of its base on the
ground so that the highest point in the base is 25 mm above the ground. Draw its projections
when the axis is parallel to the V.P. Draw another front view on a reference line inclined at
30 to the edge on which it is resting, and show that the base is visible.
12. A hexagonal pyramid base 25 mm side axis 50 mm long, has edge of its base on the ground .its axis is
inclined at 30 to ground ,and parallel to V.P. Draw projections
13. A square pyramid of base 35 sides and axis 50 long is resting on one of its triangular faces on
HP, with the edges of the base containing that faces inclined at 45 to VP. Draw the
projections of the pyramid.
14. A pentagonal prism side of base 25 mm and axis 50 mm long rests with one of its shorter edges on
H.P. such that the base containing that edge makes an angle 30 to H.P. and its axis is parallel to V.P.
Draw its projections.
15. A hexagonal prism has one of its rectangular faces parallel to the H.P. its axis is perpendicular to the
V.P. and 3.5 cm above the ground.
16. Pentagonal prism base 30 mm side and axis 60 mm long has an edge of its base in H.P. axis is
inclined at 45 ton ground and parallel to V.P.
17. Projection of cylinder 60 mm diameter and 90 mm long. Axis inclined at 450 to H.P. and
parallel to V.P
18. Projection of a cone, base 75 mm diameter and axis 100 mm long lying on H.P. with its axis
parallel to V.P. and inclined at 30 to H.P.
19. Draw the projections of a cone base 75 mm diameter and axis 100 mm long, lying on the H.P.
on one of its generators with the axis parallel to the V.P.
20. Draw the projection of a cylinder of 40 mm diameter and axis 60 mm long, when it is lying
on
HP, with its axis inclined at 45 to HP and parallel to VP.
21. Draw the projections of a cone of diameter of base 40 mm and axis 60 mm long, when it is
lying on a point of the base on HP, with its axis inclined at 45 to HP and perpendicular to
VP. Follow the auxiliary method.
22. A hexagonal prism of side of side of base 25 mm axis 60 long is freely suspended from a
corner of the base. Draw the projections.
23. A pentagonal prism of side of base 25 mm and axis 40 mm long, is resting on HP on a corner
of its base. Draw the projections of the prism, when the base is inclined at 60 to HP and the
axis appears to be inclined at 30 to VP.
24. A cylinder of 60 mm diameter stands vertically on its base. It is pierced by a horizontal
square
prism of 35 mm side of base such that the axes of the two solids intersect each other at right
angles. A face of the prism is inclined at an angle of 60 to HP and 30 to VP.
Draw the projections of the solids, showing the lines of intersection.
25. (a)A cylinder of base 50 mm diameter and axis 70 mm long is lying on the H.P. draw its
isometric projection when the axis is horizontal.
(b) Draw the isometric projection of a hexagonal pyramid of side of base 30 mm and height
75 mm , when it is resting on H.P. such that an edge of the base is parallel to V.P.
26. A pentagonal pyramid, base 40 mm side and height 75 mm rests on one edge of its base on the
ground so that the highest point in the base is 25 mm above the ground. Draw its projections
when the axis is parallel to the V.P. Draw another front view on a reference line inclined at30
to the edge on which it is resting, and show that the base is visible.

27. A vertical pipe of 64 mm diameter is welded to an pipe of diameter 32 mm. The axis
of the second pipe is inclined at 60 to HP, parallel to VP. Draw the projections showing the
curves of intersection.
28. (a)Draw the projections of a cube of 30mm edge ,resting in the H.P .on one of its corners
with a solid diagonal parallel to both H.P and V.P.
(b) A cone of base 50mm diameter and axis 65mm long, lies with one of its generators on H.P
and its axis parallel to V.P Draw its projections.

ASSIGNMENTS-V
SECTIONS OF SOLIDS
1. A cylinder of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its
generators with its axis parallel to VP. it is cut by a plane inclined at 40 to VP and
perpendicular to HP and is bisecting the axis of the cylinder. Draw its top view, sectional front
view and true shape of section.
2. A hexagonal prism of side 50 mm is resting on HP on one of its base with two vertical faces
being parallel to VP. It is cut by a vertical plane inclined at 45 to VP and is 8 mm away from
the axis. Draw its top view, sectional front view and true shape of section.
3. A sphere of 60 mm diameter is cut by a cutting plane inclined at 50 to VP and perpendicular
to HP and it is 12 mm away from the center of the sphere. Draw its top view, sectional front
view and true shape of section.
4. A cone, diameter of base 45 mm and axis 60 mm is resting on its base on the HP. It is cut by a
section plane perpendicular to the VP and inclined at 80 to the HP. The section plane passes
through the apex. Draw the sectional top view and also obtain the true shape of the cut
section.
5. A cube of 50 mm long edges is resting on the H.P. with a vertical face inclined at 30 to the
V.P. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the V.P. inclined at 30 to the H.P. and
passing through a point on the axis, 38 mm above the H.P. Draw the sectional top view, true
shape of the section and development of the surface of the remaining portion of the cube.
6. A hollow square prism, base 50 mm side (outside), length 75mm and thickness 9 mm is lying
on the H.P. on one of its rectangular faces, with the axis inclined at 30 to the V.P. A section
plane, parallel to the V.P. cuts the prism, intersecting the axis at a point 25 mm from one of its
ends. Draw the top view and sectional front view of the prism.
7. A cylinder, 65 mm diameter and 90 mm long has its axis parallel to the H.P. and inclined at
30 to the V.P. It is cut by a vertical section plane in such a way that the true shape of the
section is an ellipse having the major axis 75 mm long. Draw its sectional front view and true
shape of the section.
8. A cube of 65 mm long edges has its vertical faces equally inclined to the V.P. it is cut by a
section plane, perpendicular to the V.P., so that the true shape of the section is a regular
hexagon. Determine the inclination of the cutting plane with the H.P. and draw the sectional
top view and true shape of the section.
9. A vertical hollow cylinder, outside diameter 60 mm, length 85 mm and thickness 9 mm is cut
by two section planes which are normal to the V.P. and which intersect each other at the top
end of the axis. The planes cut the cylinder on opposite sides of the axis and are inclined at
30 and 45 respectively to it. Draw the front view sectional top view and auxiliary sectional
top views on planes parallel to the respective section planes.
10. A tetrahedron of 65 mm long edges is lying on the H.P. on one of its faces, with an edge
perpendicular to the V.P. it is cut by a section plane which is perpendicular to the V.P. so that
the true shape of the section is an isosceles triangle of base 50 mm long and altitude 40 mm.
Find the inclination of the section plane with the H.P. and draw the front view, sectional top
view and the true shape of the section.
11. A cone, base 75 mm diameter and axis 75 mm long, has its axis parallel to the V.P. and
inclined at 45 to the H.P. A horizontal section plane cuts the cone through the mid-point of
the axis. Draw the front view, sectional top view and an auxiliary top view on a plane parallel
to the axis.
12. The distance between the opposite parallel faces of a 50 mm thick hexagonal block is 75 mm.
The block has one of its rectangular faces parallel to the H.P. and its axis makes an angle of
30 with the V.P. It is cut by a section plane making an angle of 30 with the H.P., normal to
the V.P. and bisecting the axis. Draw its sectional top view and another top view on a plane
parallel to the section.
13. A pentagonal prism, side of base 50 mm and length 100 mm has a rectangular face on the H.P
and the axis parallel to the V.P. It is cut by a vertical section plane, the H.T. of which makes
an angle of 30 with xy and bisects the axis. Draw the sectional front view, top view and true
shape of the section.
14. A square pyramid, base 50 mm side and axis 75 mm long, is resting on the H.P. on one of its
triangular faces, the top view of the axis making an angle of 30 with the V.P. it is cut by a
horizontal section plane, the V.T. of which intersects the axis at a point 6mm from the base.
Draw the front view, sectional top view and the development of the sectioned pyramid.
15. A hexagonal pyramid, base 50 mm side and axis 100 mm long, is lying on the H.P. on one of
its triangular faces with the axis parallel to the V.P. A vertical section plane the H.T. of which
makes an angle of 30 with the reference line passes through the centre of the base and cuts
the pyramid, the apex being retained. Draw the top view, sectional front view, true shape of
the section.

ASSIGNMENTS-VI
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES
1. A cylindrical boiler is 2m in diameter and has a cylindrical dome 0.8m diameter and 0.6m
high. The axis of the dome intersects the axis of the boiler. Draw three views of the
arrangement. Also develop the surface of the dome. Take a scale of 1 cm = 0.2 m.
2. A cube of 50 mm long edges is resting on the H.P. with a vertical face inclined at 30 to the
V.P. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the V.P. inclined at 30 to the H.P. and
passing through a point on the axis, 38 mm above the H.P. Draw the sectional top view, true
shape of the section and development of the surface of the remaining portion of the cube.
3. A pentagonal prism, side of base 50 mm and length 100 mm has a rectangular face on the H.P.
and the axis parallel to the V.P. It is cut by a vertical section plane, the H.T. of which makes
an angle of 30with xy and bisects the axis. Draw the sectional front view, top view and true
shape of the section. Develop the surface of the remaining half of the prism.
4. A square pyramid, base 50 mm side and axis 75 mm long, is resting on the H.P. on one of its
triangular faces, the top view of the axis making an angle of 30 with the V.P. it is cut by a
horizontal section plane, the V.T. of which intersects the axis at a point 6mm from the base.
Draw the front view, sectional top view and the development of the sectioned pyramid.
5. A pentagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 75mm long has its base horizontal and an
edge of the base parallel to the V.P. it is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the V.P.
inclined at 60 to the H.P. and bisecting the axis. Draw the front view and the top view when
the pyramid is tilted so that it lies on its cut-face on the ground with the axis parallel to the
V.P. show the shape of the section by dotted lines. Develop the surface of the truncated
pyramid.
6. A hexagonal pyramid, base 50 mm side and axis 100 mm long, is lying on the H.P. on one of
its triangular faces with the axis parallel to the V.P. A vertical section plane the H.T. of which
makes an angle of 30 with the reference line passes through the centre of the base and cuts
the pyramid, the apex being retained. Draw the top view, sectional front view, true shape of
the section and the development of the surface of the cut-pyramid.
7. A solid is in the form of a square prism of side of base 30 mm up to a height of 50 mm and
thereafter tapers into frustum of a square pyramid whose top surface is a square of 15 mm
side. The total height of the solid is 70 mm. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the
solid.
8. A Cylinder of diameter of base 40 and axis 55 long is resting on its base on H.P. It is cut by
a section plane perpendicular to V.P and inclined at 45o to V.P. The section plane is passing
through the top end of an extreme end generator the cylinder. Draw the development of
lateral surface of the cut cylinder.
9. A cone of base 60 diameter and 70 height, is cut by a section plane such that, the plane
passes through the mid- point of the axis and tangential to the base circle. Draw the
development of the lateral surface of the bottom part of the cone.
10. A vertical cone of diameter of base 40 and height 50, is cut by a section plane, perpendicular
to V.P and inclined at 30o to H.P, so as to bisect the axis. Draw the development of the
truncated portion of the cone.
11. A cone of base 60 diameters and axis 70 long has the axis parallel to V.P and inclined at 45 o
to H.P. A section plane parallel to V.P cut the cone at 8 away from the axis. Draw the
development of the larger portion of he sectioned solid.
12. A cone diameter of base 80 and height 80 stands vertically with its base on the ground. A
semi-circular hole of radius 25, is cut through the cone. The axis of the hole is
perpendicular to V.P and parallel to H.P and intersects the axis at 30 above the base. The
flat surface of the hole contains the axis of the cone and perpendicular to V.P. Draw the
complete development of the cone.
ASSIGNMENTS-VII
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
1. Draw the elevation, plan and left and right side views of the bracket shown in the picture
below (All dimensions in mm)

2. Convert the bracket shown in the pictorial view below into orthogonal projections of three
views (All dimensions in mm)

3. Draw the elevation, plan and left and right side views of the bracket shown below in pictorial
(All dimensions in mm)

4. Convert the part shown in the pictorial view below into orthogonal projections of three views
(All dimensions in mm)
5. Draw the front view, top view and right side view of the object shown below.

6. Draw the elevation, plan and left and right side views of the bracket shown in the picture
below(dimensions in mm).

7. Draw the front view, top view and left side view of the object shown below (dimensions in
mm).
8. Draw the elevation, plan and right views of the bracket shown in the picture below

(All dimensions in mm)

13. Draw the front view, top view and side view for the picture shown in figure1 below in first
angle projection.

14. Draw the orthographic projections both side views for the given isometric view figure, All
dimensions are in mm.
15. Draw the front view, top view and side view for the picture shown in figure1 below in first
angle projection.

Assignments-VIII
Isometric projections
1. Draw the isometric projections of square prism of base 30 side and axis 60 long, When its axis
is (i) vertical and (ii) horizontal.
2. Make the isometric drawing of a cylinder of base diameter o25 and axis 40 long.
3. A pentagonal pyramid, 30 mm edge of base and 65 mm height, stands on H.P such that an
edge of the base is parallel to VP and nearer to it .A section plane perpendicular to VP and
inclined at 300 to HP cuts the pyramid passing through a point on the axis at a height of 35
mm from the base. Draw the isometric projection of the truncated pyramid.
4. (a) Draw the isometric projection of a triangular pyramid of side of base 35 mm and height 75
mm when it is resting on H.P. such that an edge of the base is parallel to V.P.
(b) Draw the isometric projection of a cone of base 40 mm diameter and height 58 mm when
it rest with its base on H.P.( axis is vertical)
5. A square pyramid with base edge 85 mm and height 125 mm , is resting on a cube of side
100mm.The axes of the solids coincide along a line. The two sides of the base of the pyramid
are parallel to the edges of the cube. Draw the isometric view of the combination of the solids.
6. A circular block of 75 mm diameter and 25 mm thick, is pierced centrally through its at faces
by a square prism of base 35 mm side and 125 mm long ,which comes out equally on both
sides of the block . Draw the isometric projection of the combination when the combined axis
is horizontal.
7. (a)A cylinder of base 50 mm diameter and axis 70 mm long is lying on the H.P. draw its
isometric projection when the axis is horizontal.
(b) Draw the isometric projection of a hexagonal pyramid of side of base 30 mm and height
75 mm,When it is resting on H.P. such that an edge of the base is parallel to V.P.
8. A hexagonal prism , side of base 25 mm and height 50 mm rests on H.P. and one of the edges
of its base is parallel to V.P .A section plane perpendicular to V.P. and inclined at 50 to H.P.
bisects the axis of the prism . Draw the isometric projection of the truncated prism.
9. Draw the isometric view of door-step having three steps of 220 tread and 150 rise. The steps
measure 750 widths wise.
10. A box made of 20 thick wooden planks, has overall dimensions of 200100150, including
the lid. The lid s out side dimensions 20010040. Draw the isometric projection, using the
isometric scale, when the lid is open through 120.
11. Draw the isometric view for the given figure. All dimensions are in mm.
 Assignments-IX
Intersection of surfaces
1. Two equal triangular prisms, whose axes intersect ach other at right angle, have 40 base side
and 100 long. The vertical prism has on edge of its base perpendicular to V.P.The horizontal
prism has one of its rectangular faces vertical, making n angle of 30 with V.P. Draw the
projections, showing the line f intersection.
2. A square prism of base 50 mm side and height 125 mm stands on the ground with its side of
base inclined at an angle of 30to VP. It is penetrated by a cylinder of diameter 50 mm and
axis 125 mm long. The axis of the cylinder is parallel to both HP and VP and bisects the axis
of the prism. Draw the projection showing fully the curves of intersection.
3. A vertical cylinder of diameter 80 mm intersects a horizontal cylinder of diameter 40 mm.
The shortest distance between their axes is 40 mm. Draw the projections showing the
intersection profile.
4. A horizontal cylinder of 50 mm diameter penetrates a vertical cylinder of 75 mm diameter
resting on HP. The two axes are coplanar. The axis of the horizontal cylinder is 50 mm above
the HP. Draw the projections showing the curves of intersection.
5. Two cylinders each of 30 mm diameter and altitude 80 mm intersect each other at right
angles. Their axes bisect each other and are parallel to VP. Determine the line of intersection
of the two cylinders. Also, develop the lower portion of the vertical cylinder, neglecting the
thickness of the metal.
6. A cylinder of 60 mm diameter stands vertically on its base. It is pierced by a horizontal square
prism of 35 mm side of base such that the axes of the two solids intersect each other at right
angles. A face of the prism is inclined at an angle of 60 to HP and 30to VP. Draw the
projections of the solids, showing the lines of intersection.
7. A cylinder of 60 mm diameter and axis 80 mm long is standing on its base on HP. A
horizontal rectangular hole of 35 mm x 25 mm sides is cut through the cylinder. Axis of the
hole is parallel to VP. The axes of both cylinder and hole intersect at right angles and bisect
each other. Draw the projections and show the curves of intersection.
8. A square hole of 35 mm side is cut in a cylindrical shaft of 60 mm diameter and 100 mm long.
The axis of the hole intersects that of the shaft at right angles. All the faces of the hole are
inclined at 45 to HP. Draw the projections of the shaft when an imaginary plane containing
the two axes is parallel to VP.
9. A hexagonal prism, having base with a 40 mm side and a 100 mm long axis, is resting on its
base on the H.P. with a side of the base parallel to the V.P. It is penetrated by a square prism
having base with a 35 mm side and a 100 mm long axis such that the axes of both the prism
intersect each other at right angles. The faces of the square prism is equally inclined to the
H.P. Draw the projections of the combination and show the lines of intersection.
10. A pentagonal prism, having base with a 45 mm side and a 100 mm long axis, is resting on its
base on the H.P. with a side of the base parallel to the V.P. It is penetrated by a square prism
having base with a 35 mm side and a 100 mm long axis, such that the axes of both the prism
bisect each other at right angles. The faces of the square prim are equally inclined to the H.P.
Draw the projections of the combination and show the lines of intersection.
11. A square prism, having base with a 60 mm side and a 100 mm long axis, is resting on its base
on H.P. with the faces equally inclined to the V.P. It is completely penetrated by a hexagonal
prism having base with a 30 mm side and a 100 mm long axis having a face parallel to H.P.
The axes of the prisms bisect each other at right angles. Draw their projections and show the
curves of intersection.
12. A vertical pipe of 64 mm diameter is welded to a pipe of diameter 32 mm. The axis of the
second pipe is inclined at 60 to HP, parallel to VP. Draw the projections showing the curves
of intersection.

Assignments-X
Perspective projections
1. A cylinder of base 50 mm diameter and axis 75 mm long has a coaxial square hole of 25 mm
side. The cylinder is resting on the ground, with its base parallel to PP and 10 mm behind it.
The faces of the hole are equally inclined to GP. The station point is 50 mm to the left of the
axis of the solid, 45 mm in front of PP and 70 mm above GP. Draw the perspective projection
of the solid.
2. Draw the perspective projection of a shed with one corner of the longer side of the roof
touching the PP at a point. The eye is 5 m in front of the point touching the pp and 2m above
the GP. The roof of the shed is supported on four pillars of 50 cm x 50 cm x 6 m high. The
roof comprises of two rectangular surfaces of 15 m x 5 m inclined mutually at 120. Assume
that the outer surfaces of the pillars are in flush with the sides of the roof at the corners.
3. A model of steps has three steps of 15 mm tread and 10 mm rise. The steps measure 60 mm
width wise. Draw the perspective projection of the model when placed with its first step 25
mm within the picture plane and the longer edge being parallel to it. The station point is 95
mm from the picture plane and 60 mm above the ground and lies on the central line.
4. A man stands at a distance of 5 m from a flight of four stone steps having a width of 2m, treat
0.3m and rise 0.2m. The flight makes an angle of 30 with the picture plane and touches the
same at a distance of 2 m to the right of the center of vision. Take horizon level to be 1.5m
above the ground level. Draw the perspective projection of the flight.
5. Draw a perspective view of a square plane with a 60 mm side resting on the GP with one of its
corners touching PP and a side right to the corner inclined at 30 to it. The station point is 50
mm in front of PP, 60 mm above GP and lies in a CP which is 40 mm towards right of the
corner touching the PP.
6. A square plane with a 60 mm side lies on the GP with the edge nearer to the observer lying in
the PP. The station point is 50 mm in front of pp, 60 mm above GP and lies in a CP which is
50 mm towards right of the centre of the object. Draw its perspective view.
7. Draw a perspective view with a square plane with a 50 mm side which stands vertically on the
GP with an edge parallel to and 10 mm behind the PP. The surface of the plane is inclined at
30to PP. The station point is 60 mm in front of PP, 65 mm above GP and lies in a CP hich is
55 mm towards right of the centre of the plane.
8. A rectangular plane with 60 mm and 40 mm sides is lying in the GP with the longer side
parallel to and 15 mm behind the PP. The station point is 50 mm in front of the PP, 60 mm
above GP and lies in the CP passing through the centre of the object. Draw its perspective
view.
9. A pentagonal plane with a 30 mm side lies on the GP with an edge parallel to and 20 mm
behind the PP. The station point is 50 mm in front of PP, 65 mm above GP and lies in a CP
which is at a distance of 40 mm towards right of the centre of the object. Draw its perspective
view.
10. A hexagonal plane with a 40 mm side has a centrally cut square hole with a 30 mm side such
that a side of the hole and a side of the hexagon are parallel PP. It lies on the GP with a nearer
edge of the hexagon 10 mm behind the PP. The station point is 50 mm in front of PP, 70 mm
above GP and lies in a CP which is at a distance of 40 mm towards right of the centre of the
object. Draw its perspective view.
11. Draw a perspective view of a hexagonal prism having a base with a 40 mm side and a 60 mm
long axis, resting on its base in the GP with a side of base parallel to and 10 mm behind the
PP. The station point is 50 mm in front of PP, 75 mm above GP and lies in a CP which is 50
mm towards the right of the axis.
12. A composite plane is made up of a rectangle with 60 mm and 40 mm sides and a semicircle on
its longer side. Draw its perspective view when it is lying in the GP. The longer side is
perpendicular to PP and the shorter side is 10 mm behind it. The station point is 50 mm in
front of the PP, 60 mm above the GP and lies in the CP which is 50 mm to the right of the
centre of the semicircle.
13. Draw a perspective view of a pyramid having base with a 40 mm side and a 60 mm long axis,
resting on its base in the GP with its axis at a distance of 40 mm behind the PP and all the
edges of the base equally inclined to it. The station point is 50 mm in front of PP, 75 mm
above GP and lies in a CP which is 50 mm towards right of the axis.
14. A pentagonal prism having base with a 40 mm and a 60 mm long axis lies on its base in the
GP with a face parallel to and 15 mm behind the PP. The station point lies in a Cp which is 50
mm towards right of the axis, 65 mm in front of PP and 80 mm above GP. Draw its
perspective view.
15. A pentagonal pyramid having a base with a 40 mm side and a 60 mm height rests on the GP
with an edge of the base parallel to and 10 mm behind the PP. The station point is 75 mm
above the GP and 60 mm in front of the PP and lies in a CP which is 40 mm towards the right
of the axis of the pyramid. Draw its perspective projection.
16. A square prism having base with a 40 mm side and 60 mm long axis is resting on its
rectangular face on the GP with axis inclined at 45 to PP. A side of base nearer to the PP is
20 mm behind it and 20 mm to the left of the station point. The station point is 80 mm in front
of PP and 70 mm above GP. Draw its perspective view.
17. A cylinder with a 40 mm base diameter and 50 mm long axis rests on the GP with its axis
parallel to and 30 mm behind the PP. The station point is 80 mm above the ground and at a
distance of 50 mm in front of the PP and lies in the CP which passes through the axis of the
cylinder. Draw its perspective projection.