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    Lab Comm6

    Uploaded by

    Karmel Alameer
    This document discusses two main parts: (1) modeling Armstrong's phase modulator to generate FM signals and (2) demodulating the FM signals using a phase-locked loop (PLL). For part 1, it describes how to build Armstrong's modulator circuit and adjust the phase shift to 90 degrees for frequency modulation. Part 2 introduces PLL as a method for FM demodulation and discusses setting up a model PLL and testing it by connecting an FM signal source to extract the message signal. The document provides the objectives, theory, procedures, and expected output for both parts of the experiment on FM generation and demodulation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lab Comm6

    Uploaded by

    Karmel Alameer
    34 views6 pages
    This document discusses two main parts: (1) modeling Armstrong's phase modulator to generate FM signals and (2) demodulating the FM signals using a phase-locked loop (PLL). For part 1, it describes how to build Armstrong's modulator circuit and adjust the phase shift to 90 degrees for frequency modulation. Part 2 introduces PLL as a method for FM demodulation and discusses setting up a model PLL and testing it by connecting an FM signal source to extract the message signal. The document provides the objectives, theory, procedures, and expected output for both parts of the experiment on FM generation and demodulation.

    Original Description:

    communication systems lab - exp no. 6

    Original Title

    lab comm6

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    This document discusses two main parts: (1) modeling Armstrong's phase modulator to generate FM signals and (2) demodulating the FM signals using a phase-locked loop (PLL). For part 1, it describes how to build Armstrong's modulator circuit and adjust the phase shift to 90 degrees for frequency modulation. Part 2 introduces PLL as a method for FM demodulation and discusses setting up a model PLL and testing it by connecting an FM signal source to extract the message signal. The document provides the objectives, theory, procedures, and expected output for both parts of the experiment on FM generation and demodulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    34 views6 pages

    Lab Comm6

    Uploaded by

    Karmel Alameer
    This document discusses two main parts: (1) modeling Armstrong's phase modulator to generate FM signals and (2) demodulating the FM signals using a phase-locked loop (PLL). For part 1, it describes how to build Armstrong's modulator circuit and adjust the phase shift to 90 degrees for frequency modulation. Part 2 introduces PLL as a method for FM demodulation and discusses setting up a model PLL and testing it by connecting an FM signal source to extract the message signal. The document provides the objectives, theory, procedures, and expected output for both parts of the experiment on FM generation and demodulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Exp#6 ARMSTRONGS PHASE MODULATOR and FM

    demodulation with PLL

    This experiment is divided into two main parts;


    ARMSTRONG'S PHASE MODULATOR and FM demodulation
    with PLL for the generated FM signal.

    Part (1): ARMSTRONG'S PHASE MODULATOR

    Objectives
    This part aims to model Armstrong's modulator;
    quadrature phase adjustment; deviation calibration;
    introduction to the amplitude limiter.

    Theory
    This part of experiment has two main steps; first one is to
    generate FM signal (FM generation), the second is to
    modulate generated signal by (Armstrongs modulator).

    1- FM generation

    source of FM signals is a voltage controlled oscillator


    (VCO). These are available cheaply as integrated circuits.
    It is a simple matter to vary their frequency over a wide
    frequency range; but their frequency stability is quite
    unsatisfactory for today`s communication systems. Refer
    to the experiment entitled Introduction to FM using a VCO
    in this Volume.

    2- Armstrongs modulator
    Armstrong's modulator is basically a phase modulator; it
    can be given a frequency modulation characteristic by an
    integrator inserted between the message source and the
    modulator. For a single tone message, at one frequency, it
    is not possible to tell, by whatever measurement, if the
    integrator is present (so it is an FM signal) or not (a PM
    signal). Only with a change of message frequency can one
    then make the decision - by noting the change to the
    spectral components

    Figure 1: Phase-Locked-Loop

    Procedure :

    1- patching up
    Figure 2:Armstrong's modulator

    The figure above shows the connection of Armstrongs


    modulator ; as known its the same connection of the AM
    modulator , the only one difference is the phase shift; in
    AM modulator was 0 degree , but in Armstrongs it is 90
    degrees.

    2- model adjustment

    the figure below shows the expected Armstrongs signal

    Figure 3: Expected output signals


    3- Armstrong's phase adjustment
    A- phase adjustment using the envelope

    By trimming the front panel control of the PHASE


    SHIFTER until adjacent peaks of the envelope is of equal
    amplitude. To improve accuracy, you can increase the
    sensitivity of the oscilloscope to display the peaks only.
    B- phase adjustment using psycho-acoustics

    The envelope of Armstrong`s signal is recovered,


    using an envelope detector, and is monitored with a pair
    of headphones. For the in-phase condition this would be a
    pure tone at message frequency. As the phase is rotated
    towards the wanted 90 degrees difference it is very easy
    to detect, by ear, when the fundamental component
    disappears (at rad/s, and initially of large amplitude),
    leaving the component at 2 rad/s, initially small, but now
    large. This is the quadrature condition.

    Part (2): FM DEMODULATION WITH THE PLL

    Objectives

    introduction to the PLL as an FM demodulator


    theory

    This part discussing the mothod of PLL modulation for FM


    signals , a method to modulate FM signals depnds on
    Phase locked-loop reading continuously , it is a non-linear
    feedback loop.
    Figure 4: PLL

    Procedure

    1- FM demodulation

    A- making a model of the PLL. Using the RC-LPF in the


    UTILITIE Module.
    B- testing, with oscilloscope, the FM signal at TRUNKS.
    Identify those features which suggest it could indeed be
    an FM signal.
    C- connecting the FM signal at TRUNKS to the PLL.
    D- measuring the properties of each element of the PLL.

    2- more measurements

    E- setting up an FM signal, using a VCO.


    F- comparing the waveform and frequency of the message
    at the transmitter, and the message from the
    demodulator.
    G- checking the relationship between the message
    amplitude at the transmitter, and the message amplitude
    from the demodulator.
    H- using the more demanding two-tone signal as atest
    message. The two tones can come from an AUDIO
    OSCILLATOR and the 2.033 kHz message from the MASTER
    SIGNALS module, combined in an ADDER.

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