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IFCEE 2015
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SPONSORED BY
International Association of Foundation Drilling
Deep Foundations Institute
Pile Driving Contractors Association
The Geo-Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers
EDITED BY
Magued Iskander, Ph.D., P.E.
Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D.
J. Brian Anderson, Ph.D., P.E.
Debra F. Laefer, Ph.D.
IFCEE 2015
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IFCEE 2015
Preface
This Geotechnical Special Publication (GSP) contains selected papers from the
International Foundations Congress and Equipment Expo (IFCEE15) held in San
Antonio, Texas on March 1721, 2015. This Congress combined the 2015 annual
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An international call for papers and a rigorous peer review process yielded 265
accepted technical papers that were presented in 38 sessions, in addition to invited
keynote presentations.
The editors would like to express their appreciation for having been provided the
opportunity to be a part of this Congress organization, and hope that these
proceedings will be of use to the geotechnical engineering community, for many
decades to come.
The Editors,
IFCEE 2015
Acknowledgments
The success of this Congress is credited to the authors of the technical papers for their
valuable contributions to the geotechnical literature. The commendable quality of the
Congress technical content and these proceedings are also the result of the efforts of
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the hundreds of reviewers who conducted over 600 reviews. We thank the reviewers
for generously contributing their valuable time and expertise, in many cases, under
time pressure and demanding deadlines.
Acknowledgment is also due to the many members of the G-I, DFI, ADSC, and
PDCA who provided valuable and much needed support to assure the success of this
Congress.
The following individuals served as the technical program committee. They deserve
special acknowledgment and recognition for their extraordinary efforts in making this
Congress a reality and a resounding success: William M. Camp (Co-Chair), J. Brian
Anderson (Co-Chair), Peggy Hagerty Duffy, Jess E. Gmez, Mohamad Hussein,
Michael D. Justason, and Mary Ellen (Bruce) Large.
To all of you, and the many others who are too numerous to name, THANK YOU.
The Editors
IFCEE 2015
Organizing Committee
MANAGEMENT ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Chair
Michael D. Moore, Chief Executive Officer, ADSC: The International Association of
Foundation Drilling
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Co-Chairs
Theresa (Rappaport) Engler, Executive Director, Deep Foundations Institute
Robert Schweinfurth, Director, Geo-Institute of ASCE
Stevan Hall, Executive Director, PDCA
PROGRAM COMMITTEE
Co-Chairs
J. Brian Anderson, Ph.D., P.E., Auburn University
William M. Camp, III, P.E., D.GE, S&ME, Inc.
Members
Peggy Hagerty Duffy, P.E., ADSC: The International Association of Foundation
Drilling
Jess E. Gomez, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, Ing., GEI Consultants
Mohamad H. Hussein, P.E., GRL Engineers Inc.
Michael D. Justason, P.E., M.Eng., MBA, Bermingham Foundation Solutions
Mary Ellen (Bruce) Large, P.E., Deep Foundations Institute
Proceedings Co-Editor(s)
Magued G. Iskander, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE, Polytechnic Institute of NYU
Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D., Lehigh University
J. Brian Anderson, Ph.D., P.E., Auburn University
Debra F. Laefer, Ph.D., University College of Dublin
Short Courses Chair
Van A. Hogan, Pile Driving Contractors Association
Student Program Chair
Aaron Scott Budge, Ph.D., P.E., Minnesota State University, Mankato
GeoCompetition Chair and GeoWall Chair
William A. Kitch, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, California State Polytechnic University,
Pomona
GeoPoster Chair
Scott M. Merry, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of the Pacific
GeoPrediction, Chair
Eric J. Steward, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, University of South Alabama
IFCEE 2015
Review Criteria
Review Board
The following individuals served as Track and Session Chairs. They coordinated and
managed the peer review process of the papers included for publication in this
Geotechnical Special Publication. The quality of these world-class proceedings is a
testament to their professionalism and dedication. Listed in alphabetical order by last
name, they are:
IFCEE 2015
Morgan NeSmith Armin W. Stuedlein
Won Taek Oh Greg Sullivan
Anand Puppala Sai K. Vanapalli
Daniel J. Rich Gerald Verbeek
Helen D. Robinson Andrew C. Verity
Kyle M. Rollins Kord J. Wissmann
Charles W. Schwartz Nazli Yesiller
Timothy C. Siegel Xiong (Bill) Yu
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IFCEE 2015
Reviewers
The editors are grateful to the following 301 individuals for working tirelessly under
a tight schedule in order to peer review the papers included for publication in this
Geotechnical Special Publication. As a group the following individuals performed
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over 600 peer reviews, and their service to the geotechnical community is gratefully
appreciated.
IFCEE 2015
Jesus Gomez Phil King Morgan NeSmith
Russell Green Lance Kitchens Kam Ng
Yuan Guo Brandon Kluzniak Khoi Nguyen
Joe Hagerty Josh Kolz Fawad Niazi
Paul Hamilton Van Komurka Steven Nicoson
Chanjuan Han Dimitrios James Niehoff
Jie Han Konstantakos Robert OConnor
Zhong Han Tanya Kunberger Guney Olgun
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IFCEE 2015
Samantha Schardein Armin Stuedlein Ravi Vedantham
Charles Schwartz Beena Sukumaran Gerald Verbeek
Kevin Scott Muhannad Suleiman Andrew Verity
Allen Sehn Sonia Swift Lubinda Walubita
E. Anna Sellountou William Swigart Joe Wang
Hoyoung Seo Won Taek Oh Xueming Wang
Lisheng Shao Takefumi Takuma Zhijie Wang
Lijun Shi Burak Tanyu Joseph Wartman
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IFCEE 2015
Table of Contents
Analysis and Design
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Waddah Akili
Settlement of a Shallow Foundation Resting on Piedmont Residual Soils of 32
Northern Virginia
IFCEE 2015
Aging in Sand: Fatigue at Grain Contacts and Modeling Using Discrete 95
Element Method
Loading
Riccardo Cappa, Samuel Yniesta, Anne Lemnitzer, Scott J. Brandenberg, and Ali
Shafiee
Settlement of Embankment Constructed with Geofoam 161
Alex Reeb, George Filz, Jehu Johnson, Richard Varuso, Panagiota Kokkali, Anthony
Tessari, and Tarek Abdoun
IFCEE 2015
Enhanced UniCone Expressions for Axial Pile Capacity Evaluation from 202
Piezocone Tests
Wenping Gong, Sara Khoshnevisan, Hongwei Huang, C. Hsein Juang, and Jie Zhang
Soil-Structure Interactions in a Skewed Integral Abutment Bridge 309
IFCEE 2015
In-Place Recycling Moisture-Density Relationships for High-Traffic 349
Applications
Samer H. Dessouky
Recent Discussions of p-y Formulations for Lateral Load Transfer of Deep 388
Foundations Based on Experimental Studies
IFCEE 2015
A Synthesis of Pile Performance Monitoring Projects in Downdrag 457
Environments in Minnesota
Tyson Deklavs
First Known Application of Cutter Soil Mixing for Support of a Heritage 554
Building
IFCEE 2015
Design and Monitoring of a Sheet Pile Wall Installed in Soft Industrial 627
Waste
Ming Zhu, Ali Ebrahimi, Meena Viswanath, Laura K. Brussel, and John F. Beech
Electronic Thickness Gauge Measurements on a 36-Year-Old Steel Bar Mat 636
Reinforced MSE Wall
Industrial Facility
Deep Foundations
Load Displacement Behavior of ACIP Piles in Mixed Soil Profile 695
IFCEE 2015
Enhancement of Pervious Concrete Pile Subjected to Uplift Load Using 775
Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation
Alan J. Lutenegger
Axial Tension and Lateral Capacity of Step-Tapered Helical Piles for 839
Transmission Pole Structures
Gary L. Seider
Lateral Performance of Large-Capacity Helical Piles 868
IFCEE 2015
Elastic Analysis of Drilled Shaft Foundations in Soil Profiles with 922
Intermediate Caliche Layers
Lei Gu, Sarah E. McInnes, Jean Hervey Fenton, Stephen J. Welsh, and Ara G.
Mouradian
Elastic Analysis of Rock-Socketed Piles 973
Van E. Komurka
High-Strain Dynamic Pile Testing for the I-40/I-240 Interchange in 1006
Memphis, Tennessee
Waddah Akili
Pile Driving Formulas Revisited 1052
IFCEE 2015
Pile Setup and Axial Capacity Gain for Driven Piles Installed Using Impact 1064
Hammer versus Vibratory System
Mojdeh Asadollahi Pajouh, Jean-Louis Briaud, Dean Alberson, Dusty Arrington, and
Alireza Mirdamadi
Group Effects on Piles Behavior under Lateral Loading 1142
Pooya Allahverdizadeh
Numerical Simulation of Pile Installation and Setup for Bayou Lacassine Site 1152
IFCEE 2015
Assessing Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreads Using CPT Cases from the 1189
Christchurch, New Zealand, Earthquakes
Sara Khoshnevisan, Hsein Juang, Yan-Guo Zhou, Chih-Sheng Ku, Lei Wang, and
Hai-Jun Ding
Centrifuge Testing of Levees: Saturation Techniques during Model 1197
Construction
Levi T. Ekstrom, Kevin W. Franke, T. Leslie Youd, Fernando Fonseca, and Mathew
Francis
Liquefaction of Granular Soils at the Microscale 1237
IFCEE 2015
Scour Characteristics of Saturated Levees Due to Floodwall Overtopping 1298
Mazdak Karimpour, Kyle Heinzl, Emaline Stendback, Kevin Galle, Siavash Zamiran,
and Abdolreza Osouli
Seismic Hazard Curves for the Probability of Liquefaction 1308
Andrew C. Brown, Gregory Dellinger, Ali Helwa, Chadi El-Mohtar, Jorge Zornberg,
and Robert B. Gilbert
North American Trends and Developments of Complex Support of 1358
Excavation Systems
Dimitrios C. Konstantakos
Compressive Strength Variations of Lime-Treated Expansive Soils 1402
IFCEE 2015
Experimental Investigation of Applicability of Sand Tire Chip Mixtures as 1420
Retaining Wall Backfill
IFCEE 2015
Foundation Design and Construction in Urban Environments 1550
Japans Northeast
Jason S. Hertz, Greg Moormann, Michael Paquette, Saul S. Shapiro, and Marc J.
Gallagher
Energy FoundationsWind,
Transmission, and Geothermal
Development of a Full-Scale Soil-Borehole Thermal Energy Storage System 1608
IFCEE 2015
Numerical Modeling of Thermally Induced Pore Water Flow in Saturated Soil 1668
Surrounding Geothermal Piles
Rui P. Matos, Paulo L. Pinto, Carlos S. Rebelo, Luis S. da Silva, and Milan Veljkovic
Mass Soil Mixing for Wind Tower Turbine Foundations 1764
IFCEE 2015
Geo-Characterization, Risk, and
Reliability
A Methodology for Axially Loaded Drilled Shaft Performance Predictions 1791
Using DFSAP
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Ramin Motamed, Kevin Stanton, Mahdi Nasimifar, Nelson Pearson, and Brandon
Kluzniak
Allowable Design Strength of Geosynthetic Reinforcement for Veneer 1806
Stability of MSW Landfills: A Reliability Based Approach
Noha Ahmad Rabie, Sherif Adel Akl, and Ashraf Kamal Hussien
Impact of Proof Load Test Programs on the Reliability of Foundations 1850
IFCEE 2015
Probabilistic Methodology for Developing Regional and Site-Class 1895
Dependent Seismic Site Amplification Factors
Lei Wang, Wenping Gong, Zhe Luo, Sara Khoshnevisan, and C. Hsein Juang
Risk Analysis on Bridge Scour Failure 1936
IFCEE 2015
Comparison of Image Analyses Algorithms for Video-Based Remote 2013
Structure Vibration Monitoring System
Xiong Zhang
Deformation Non-Uniformity of an Unsaturated Soil during Triaxial Testing 2084
Raju Acharya, Aravind Pedarla, Tejo Vikash Bheemasetti, Anand J. Puppala, and Nan
Zhang
IFCEE 2015
Simplified Equivalent Linear and Nonlinear Site Response Analysis of 2131
Partially Saturated Soil Layers
Geotechnical Education
Are There Gender Differences in the Value That Civil and Environmental 2151
Engineering Students Place on Service Provided through Service-Learning
Projects?
Arthur Ornelas Jr., Sandra Houston, Wilhelmina Savenye, Claudia E. Zapata, Eddy F.
Ramirez, and Allen Corral
Enhancing Students Problem-Solving Skills through Progressive 2169
Integration of Project-Based Learning
T. Kunberger
Support of Women Geotechnical Engineering Faculty: History and Initiatives 2189
Waddah Akili
IFCEE 2015
Ground Improvement and
Grouting
A Numerical Study of the Installation-Induced Stresses and Excess 2214
Pore-Water Pressures around Rigid Inclusions Using a Linear-Elastic
Perfectly-Plastic Soil
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IFCEE 2015
Stability Analysis of Embankments Supported by Geosynthetic Encased 2318
Stone Columns
Lin Li, Farshad Amini, Qian Zhao, Chi Li, Kejun Wen, Mingdong Li, and Ubani
Ogbonnaya
Dynamic Centrifuge Tests on Soft Clay Reinforced by Soil-Cement Grids 2349
Nicolas Denies, Nol Huybrechts, Flor De Cock, Bart Lameire, Jan Maertens, and
Andr Vervoort
Seismic Soil-Pile-Structure Interaction in Improved Soft Clay: Centrifuge 2410
Tests
IFCEE 2015
Quality, Testing,
Instrumentation, and
Evaluation
Application and Accuracy of Structure from Motion Computer Vision Models 2432
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IFCEE 2015
Field Calibration and Data Interpretation of a Settlement Cell System 2533
Ali Ebrahimi, Meena Viswanath, Ming Zhu, John F. Beech, and Robert Bachus
Initial Steps toward Characterizing Particle Mobilization Using Pore-Scale 2544
Particle Mobilization Imaging Experiments
Manik Barman, Syed Asif Imran, Moeen Nazari, Sesh Commuri, and Musharraf
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Zaman
Strength and Stress Estimation in Soil Bentonite Slurry Trench Cutoff Walls 2567
Using Cone Penetration Test Data
Sustainability
Behaviour of Reinforced Stone Dust Model Walls under Uniformly 2627
Distributed Loading
IFCEE 2015
Influence of Physico-Chemical Properties of Different Biochars on Landfill 2647
Methane Adsorption
Vahab Bolvardi, Arvin Farid, Atena Najafi, Jim Browning, and Elisa Barney Smith
Macropore Flow Modeling Using the Root Zone Water Quality Model 2667
IFCEE 2015
Geotechnical Properties of Lightly Stabilized Recycled Demolition Materials 2767
in Base/Sub-Base Applications
Alireza Mohammadinia, Arul Arulrajah, Jay Sanjayan, Mahdi M. Disfani, Myint Win
Bo, and Stephen Darmawan
Improving the Shear Strength of Soils by Adding Agricultural By-Products 2777
Boo Hyun Nam, Zachary Behring, Manoj Chopra, John Shoucair, and Soonkie Nam
Recycling of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Ash as Aggregate 2797
Replacement in Concrete
IFCEE 2015