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    Experiment On Determination of Total Alkalinity of Water:: Aim Apparatus: Chemicals Required Principle

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    maddukuri jagadeesh babu
    The document describes an experiment to determine the total alkalinity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the sample with a standard sulfuric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to measure alkalinity levels. Alkalinity is important for aquatic life and impacts water treatment processes. The procedure involves taking a water sample, titrating with acid until the indicators change color, and calculating alkalinity levels based on titrant volume and concentration.

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    Experiment On Determination of Total Alkalinity of Water:: Aim Apparatus: Chemicals Required Principle

    Uploaded by

    maddukuri jagadeesh babu
    376 views3 pages
    The document describes an experiment to determine the total alkalinity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the sample with a standard sulfuric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to measure alkalinity levels. Alkalinity is important for aquatic life and impacts water treatment processes. The procedure involves taking a water sample, titrating with acid until the indicators change color, and calculating alkalinity levels based on titrant volume and concentration.

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    alkalinity

    Original Title

    Alkalinity

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the total alkalinity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the sample with a standard sulfuric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to measure alkalinity levels. Alkalinity is important for aquatic life and impacts water treatment processes. The procedure involves taking a water sample, titrating with acid until the indicators change color, and calculating alkalinity levels based on titrant volume and concentration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    376 views3 pages

    Experiment On Determination of Total Alkalinity of Water:: Aim Apparatus: Chemicals Required Principle

    Uploaded by

    maddukuri jagadeesh babu
    The document describes an experiment to determine the total alkalinity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the sample with a standard sulfuric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to measure alkalinity levels. Alkalinity is important for aquatic life and impacts water treatment processes. The procedure involves taking a water sample, titrating with acid until the indicators change color, and calculating alkalinity levels based on titrant volume and concentration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Experiment on determination of total alkalinity of water

    Aim: To determine the total alkalinity of given water sample

    Apparatus: Burette, pipette, conical flask,250ml measuring cylinder, standard


    flask, wash bottles, beakers.

    Chemicals Required: Standard H2SO4, Phenolphthalein indicator, ethyl orange


    indicator, distilled water.

    Principle:
    1. Alkalinity is determined by titrating the sample with a standard solution of
    strong mineral acid to bicarbonates and carbonic acid equivalence point.
    2. Alkalinity is expressed in terms of CaCo3 equivalent.
    3. For samples whose pH is above 8.3titration is done in two steps
    4. pH is lowered to 8.3,which is indicator loosing the pink colourand becoming
    colourless.
    5. In second phase of titration the ph is loweed to above 4.5which is indicated
    by methyl orange indicator changing colour from yellow to orange red
    colour.

    Environmental significance:
    1. Alkalinity is important for fish and aquatic life because it protects or buffers
    against rapid ph changes.
    2. Higher alkalinity level in surface water will buffer acid rain and other acid
    base and prevent ph changes that are harmful to aquatic life.
    3. Large amount of alkalinity imparts bitter taste in water.
    4. The principle objection of alkalinity of water is the reactions that can occur
    between alkalinity and certain cations in water.
    5. The resulted precipitate can corrode pipe and other accessories of other
    water distribution system.
    6. Waste water containing excess caustic alkalinity are not to be discharged
    into natural water bodies or sea wells.
    7. Alkalinity has carbonate and bicarbonate of saline water is very important in
    tertiary recovery process in recovering petroleum.
    8. Alkaline water offers better wetting to formation rocks and improve oil
    release.
    9. As the additional benefit ions that provide alkalinity absorb on rock surface
    occupying .. and decrease in loss of recovery chemical by absorption
    the alkalinity value is necessary in the calculating of carbonate scaling
    tendency of saline water.
    10.The alkalinity acts as a ph buffer in coagulation and lime soda softening of
    water.
    11.In waste water treatment alkalinity is an important parameter in determining
    the abidability of ways to the treatment process and control of process such
    as anaerobic digestion where bicarbonate alkalinity , total alkalinity and any
    fraction contributed by volatile acid salts become consideration.

    Procedure:
    1. Take 20 ml of the given water sample in flask (V).
    2. Add 2 drops of Phenolphthalein indicator the sample turns pink if ph is
    above 8.3.
    3. Run down 0.05N standard sulphuric acid till the solution turns to colour
    less.
    4. Note down the volume of H2SO4 added(V1).
    5. Add 2 drops methyl orange indicator which turns sample to yellow colour.
    6. Repeat titration till the colour of the solution turns to orange.
    7. Note down the total volume of H2SO4 run down (V2).
    8. Repeat the experiment until two concurrent readings obtained.

    Observation:
    Sl.no Volume of Vol of H2SO4 Vol of H2SO4 Total vol of
    water sample run down for run down for H2SO4 run
    (V)ml Phenolphthalei methyl orange down
    n (V2)ml (V3)ml
    (V1)ml

    Calculations:
    Phenolphthalein alkalinity expressed as mg/lit(CaCo3)

    P=(V1*50*1000*0.05N)/vol of sample

    = ..mg/lit.

    Methyl orange alkalinity expressed as mg/lit(CaCo3)

    M=(V2*50*1000*0.05N)/vol of sample

    =mg/lit.

    Total alkalinity expressed as mg/lit(CaCo3)

    T=(V3*50*1000*0.05N)/vol of sample.

    =mg/lit.

    Result:
    Phenolphthalein alkalinity is .mg/lit.

    Methyl orange indicator is mg/lit.

    Total alkalinity is .mg/lit.

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