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    Gi Hy

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    Abhineeth Bhat
    1) Metoclopramide, a promotility agent, can cause extrapyramidal side effects and is contraindicated in Parkinson's disease. 2) Meconium ileus is seen in cystic fibrosis and indicates pancreatic problems beginning in utero rather than lung problems developing after birth. 3) The 5 signs of oral squamous cell carcinoma are pain, bleeding, non-healing sores, lumps or masses, and white or red patches.

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    Gi Hy

    Uploaded by

    Abhineeth Bhat
    26 views2 pages
    1) Metoclopramide, a promotility agent, can cause extrapyramidal side effects and is contraindicated in Parkinson's disease. 2) Meconium ileus is seen in cystic fibrosis and indicates pancreatic problems beginning in utero rather than lung problems developing after birth. 3) The 5 signs of oral squamous cell carcinoma are pain, bleeding, non-healing sores, lumps or masses, and white or red patches.

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    GI High Yield

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    GI HY

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    1) Metoclopramide, a promotility agent, can cause extrapyramidal side effects and is contraindicated in Parkinson's disease. 2) Meconium ileus is seen in cystic fibrosis and indicates pancreatic problems beginning in utero rather than lung problems developing after birth. 3) The 5 signs of oral squamous cell carcinoma are pain, bleeding, non-healing sores, lumps or masses, and white or red patches.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    26 views2 pages

    Gi Hy

    Uploaded by

    Abhineeth Bhat
    1) Metoclopramide, a promotility agent, can cause extrapyramidal side effects and is contraindicated in Parkinson's disease. 2) Meconium ileus is seen in cystic fibrosis and indicates pancreatic problems beginning in utero rather than lung problems developing after birth. 3) The 5 signs of oral squamous cell carcinoma are pain, bleeding, non-healing sores, lumps or masses, and white or red patches.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    HIGH YIELD

    Major side effect of metoclopramide Promotility agent EPS, contraindicated in Parkinsons


    Meconium ileus Seen in CF, pancreatic probs start in utero vs lung probs after birth
    5 signs of oral SCC Pain, bleeding, non-healing sore, lump/mass, white/red patch
    Lobular disarray Acute hepatitis
    Lobular collase Fulminant hepatitis
    Only DNA hepatitis virus B, all others are RNA
    Bile is conjugated with Glucoronide
    Bilirubin is conjugated with Alanine/taurine
    Oral white plaque that CAN be scraped off Candida, assoc w/ immunocomprimise, so look for underlying cause!
    Oral white plaque that CANNOT be scraped off Leukoplakia, may be due to EBV (hairy), or precancerous lesion
    Gray-Turner Flank discolor (retroperitoneal hemorrhage w/ acute pancreatitis)
    Cullen sign Periumbilical discolor (retroperiton hemorrhage w/acute pancreatitis)
    Kayser-fleischer rings Dark rings that encircle the iris, due to Cu accum in Wilsons dz
    Bird beak on barium xray Acalasia (no peristalsis in esophagus)
    Shrunken liver Extreme, rapid necrosis (ex) fulminant hepatitis
    Signet-ring cells, linitis plastica (leather bottle) Diffuse/infiltrating gastric adenocarcinoma
    Athralgias, lymphadenopathy, malabsorption, PAS Whipples disease, due to infxn by T whippelli
    Beaded bile ducts Primary sclerosing cholangitis, assoc w/ IBD
    Triple therapy For H pylori, first line is omeprazole + clarithromycin + amoxicillin
    Pseudopolyps Ulcerative colitis
    Pseudocysts Pancreatitis
    Pseudoacalasia Acalasia due to neoplasm
    Pseudomembranes C diff
    Pseudohyphae Candida
    anti-mitochondrial Ab (AMAs) Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune destruction of intrahepatic ducts
    Abd pain that radiates to back, worse w/ food Acute pancreatitis
    RUQ pain that radiates to shoulder Acute cholecystitis
    Abd pain 30m post-prandial, worse by eating Gastric ulcer
    Abd pain btw meals, relieved by eating Duodenal ulcer
    Most common oral cancer Squamous cell carcinoma (usually tongue), high risk if smoke/EtOH
    Elevated alkaline phosphatase Hallmark of cholestasis
    Major cause of ACUTE pancreatitis Gallstones duct obstruction
    Major cause of CHRONIC pancreatitis Alcoholism
    Frond-like papilla, no goblet cells Villous adenoma
    Carcinoid Tricuspid insuffiency, pulm stenosis, flushing, diarrhea, due to 5HT
    Portal inflamm/fibrosis Chronic hepatitis, cholestasis
    Rose spots, CNS disturbances, high sustained fever Enteric fever due to salmonella typhi, get a BLOOD culture
    ABx NOT indicated in which infectious diarrheas? EHEC (HUS risk) or uncomplicated salmonella non-typhi (self-limiting)
    NO risk of chronic hepatitis Hep A/E
    Onion skinning of bile ducts Primary sclerosing cholangitis, assoc w/ IBD
    Gingival hyperplasia + lymphadenopathy Assoc w/ myelogenous leukemias (hyperplasia alone assoc w/ dilantin)
    UNconjugated serum bilirubin Hemolytic dz
    conjugated serum bilirubin Liver/biliary tract dz (cant be secreted into bile so spills into blood)
    ONE test that proves a viral hepatitis infxn IgM anti-HBc
    Location of esophageal cancers SCC affects proximal, adenocarcinoma affects distal (assoc w/ Barrett)
    Jaundice, dark urine, acholic stools Cholestasis, due to hyperbilirubinemia
    Asterixis Flapping tremor seen in hepatic encephalopathy
    Necrotic bowel but duodenum/transverse spared EMBOLUS that lodges in SMA distal to branching of middle colic a
    Necrotic bowel w/ above NOT spared THROMBUS that forms @ branch point of SMA, thus MCA also occluded
    N-acetylcysteine Antidote to acetaminophen OD, as glutathione stores
    Secretin effects on pancreas Causes HCO3 secretion from ductal cells
    CCK effects on pancreas Causes enzyme secretion from acinar cells
    Hepatic tumor + bile production HCC, vs cholangiocarcinoma which does NOT produce bile
    Murphys sign Pain w/inspiration when palpating under R rib, in acute cholecystitis
    Elevated gastrin, pernicious anemia , hypochlorhydria Due to autoAb against parietal cells
    Most common hepatic tumor Metastasis, esp from gut due to portal circulation
    Most common primary hepatic tumor Cavernous hemangioma, seen in young women
    Most common primary hepatic malignancy HCC, assoc w/ hepB, hepC, cirrhosis, hemachromatosis
    Fat, forty, female, fertile 4 Fs assoc w/ cholesterol cholelithiasis
    Free air under diaphragm GI perforation escape of air, seen on xray
    Zollinger Ellison syndrome PUD + gastrinoma + gastric acid hypersecretion
    Renal oxylate stones Seen in fat malabsorption
    APC tumor suppressor gene mutation FAP, 100% risk of colon adenocarcinoma
    Most common small bowel obstruction Intra-abdominal adhesions, due to past surgery
    Cons of H2 blockers (compared to PPIs) Less effective, adj in renal pts, tolerance, inhibits CYP450 many DDI
    Focal nodular hyperplasia Benign hepatic growth in young women NOT assoc w/ estrogen
    Heptaocellular adenoma Benign hepatic growth in young women w/ STRONG assoc w/ estrogen
    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Homozygotes unable to conjugate bilirubin (usually die w/ kernicterus)
    Dubin-Johnson Syndrome Black liver (melanin) and high serum conjugated bilirubin
    Rotor Syndrome Similar to Dubin-Johnson but dont have black liver

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