Muslims in America

MUSLIMS IN AMERICA: From Zeng He’s time, Muslims have been part of American before Columbus
10th century Arab map showing America as Ard Majhoola

A mosque is as American as apple pie. Admiral Zeng He a Chinese Muslim and his entourage "Came to American before Columbus" ("1421¡å).
Columbus sailed from Muslim Spain (Al-Anduls) and many of the sailors were Muslim. At least two captains of his ships were Panzone brothers
who were Arabs. At least one third of the Africans slaves brought in as slaves were Muslim and demographically more than a third of the current
African-Americans are still Muslim. The Cherokee language is based on the Arabic alphabet and the Cherokee headdress resembles Mali head
wear.
From Moorestown New Jersey, to Islamorada Florida; from Medina Ohio to Lahore Virginia, from Palestine Texas, to Al-Hambra California… more
than 500 American towns are named after Muslim cities in the old world.
The first mosques in America were not built in the 60s but in the earliest times when African and a Cherokee Muslims prayed in small buildings.
From the Islamic architecture Tiffany houses ensconced in the American section of the Metropolitan Museum of Art to Caad Zaan the Rignling
Brothers home in Sarasota Florida; from Labanon in New Jersey to California (Khalifa Harunia); from Alabama (Allah um ya) to Talahasse (T Allah
Hassee)—Islam is not only visible in America, it is part of our American society and American culture. Islam can be heard in American concert
halls in Beethoven's 9th symphony or on the Turkish instruments that make up the orchestra.
Islam can be tasted in America when you eat a croissant (patterned on the Turkish flag-Crescent) or crepes (from the original Morocoon Crepes).
Islamic architecture can be seen in the architecture of 5th Avenue synagogues, gothic buildings, dome structures of our capitols, and in California
homes.
Our nation is an amalgamation of many cultures and religions. By opposing a mosque in our midst we are simply hurting the feelings of our fellow
countrymen. New mosques are being built not to attract new Muslims, but to allow our existing congested structures. Without a Rockaway
mosque the Muslims will pray in older crowded mosques, in basements and in rented warehouses.
With a Rockaway mosque Muslims will pray in the open and intermingle with our other American friends.
God Bless America.
Recreating a New America as envisioned by our Founding Fathers:-A patriotic American Muslim speaks out
AMERICA IS MY LAND TOO: A patriotic Muslim American speaks out
Muslims in America before Columbus
A mosque is as American as apple pie. Muslims have been part of America before Columbus
500 American town have Muslim names. Reds have Green Roots. Cherokee Muslims. Mali Muslims visit American. Chinese Muslims

7 Century AD (700-800 AD)

Proof from Western sources

1. Professor Barry Fell, retired lecturer from Harvard University and also a member of the American Academy of Science and Arts, the Royal
Society, the Epigraphy Society and the Society of Scientific and Archeological Discoveries, is adamant about the arrival of Islam in America in the
650s, predicating this argument upon the Cufic calligraphy belonging to that era found in various diggings across America. If the words of
Professor Fell have truth-value, then the Muslims had arrived in America during the era of Uthman, or at least that of Ali, the fourth caliph. Such
information, however, is not found in Muslim sources.
Professor Fell again uses the results of various archeological diggings undertaken across many regions in the states of Colorado, New Mexico, and
Indiana to assert the construction of Muslim schools during 700-800 CE. Writings, drawings, and charts inscribed on rocks discovered in the most
remote and untainted terrains of Western America are relics bestowed by the elementary and intermediate systems of Muslim education at the
time. These documents were written in the old Cufic letters of North African Arabic, covering subjects such as reading, writing, arithmetic,
religion, history, geography, mathematics, astronomy, and navigation. The descendants of these settlers are thought to be the current native
tribes of Iroquois, Algonquin, Anasazi, Hohokam, and Olmec.

Page 1 of 7
 Muslims in America

2. The second evidence offered by Professor Fell is that the inscription of "In the Name of God" (picture 1), found on a rock during archeological
work in Nevada, belongs to the seventh century, when the haraka sign system had not yet been developed. Likewise, the stone bearing the
inscription "Muhammad is the Prophet of God" (picture 2) is pertinent to the same era. As seen by comparison of the two pictures, the inscriptions
are not in the style of Modern Arabic; conversely they are in a Cufic style relevant to the seventh century.

3. The Arabs, according to the findings of Professor Fell, settled in Nevada during the seventh and eighth centuries. The earlier existence of a
school, which taught Islam and science, particularly navigation, has come to light following the archeological investigation undertaken by
Professors Heizer and Baumhoff of California University around site WA 25 in Nevada. The excavations in Nevada have uncovered writings in
Naskhi Arabic and Cufic style that are inscribed on rocks which carry information about this school (picture 3). The application of the mathematical
formula "five diamonds equal an alif" (alif is the first letter of Arabic alphabet) may be seen in this picture (pictures 3b and 3c). The Arabic letters
in pictures 3b and 3c, found amid excavations in Nevada, are in exactly the same style as North African Arabic. Again similarly, another rock was
found in Nevada bearing the name "God", the style of which is yet again reminiscent of the prevalent technique of seventh and eighth-century
North Africa. The calligraphical similarities between various writing styles of the Prophet's name over diverse periods, particularly those relating to
Africa and America, found during archeological investigations are striking indeed. Figure A of picture 4 was found in al-Ain Lahag, Morocco and
figure B in East Walker River; both are currently at the University of California. Figure C was discovered in Nevada and figures C and D were
located in Churchill County and are also currently preserved at the University of California; likewise figure F was discovered in al-Haji Minoun,
Morocco, while figure G, inscribed on ceramic, was revealed in al-Suk, Tripoli, Libya and figure H, at the University of California, was discovered at
Cottonwood Canyon, while finally figure I was located on the border of Morocco and Libya. All these inscriptions belong to the eighth and ninth
centuries, clearly illustrating the resemblance in style between North America and North Africa, as well as overtly suggesting a migration that
occurred from Africa to America

Page 2 of 7
 Muslims in America

In the twelfth century the Athapcan Tribe, comprised of native Apaches and Navajos, raided the area inhabited by the Arabs, who either ended up
fleeing or were exiled toward the South. These illiterate natives were spellbound by the schools founded by the Arabs, and, perhaps with the
assistance of captives, attempted to imitate the same subjects, transforming the geometrical shapes into mythical beasts, which carried on for
centuries.

4. Picture 5 is the Cufic writing found in 1951 in the White Mountains, close to the town of Benton on the border of Nevada. The words Shaytan
maha mayan, i.e. the Devil is the source of all lies, have been written in a Cufic style peculiar to the seventh century.

5. Once more, a rock inscription belonging to post-650 CE, bearing the Cufic letters H-M-I-D of the word Hamid (picture 6), is another Arabic
script discovered on the Atlata rocks in the Valley of Fire in Nevada.

Page 3 of 7
 Muslims in America

6. While traveling from Malden to Cambridge in the state of Massachusetts in 1787 (on what is now RT. 16), the Reverend Thaddeus Mason Harris
noticed some coins discovered by workers during road construction. The workers, not putting much value on these coins, presented him with a
handful. Consequently, Harris decided to send these coins to the library of Harvard College for examination (picture 7). The study yielded that
these were in fact Samarqand dirhams from the eighth and ninth centuries. As can be seen in the picture, the coins manifestly display the
inscriptions La ilaha ill-Allah Muhammadun Rasulullah (There is no deity but God, and Muhammad is His Messenger) and Bismillah (in the name of
God).

7. Picture 8 shows a piece of rock discovered in a cave in the region of Corinto in El Salvador, bearing the inscription Malaka Haji mi Malaya; this
has been identified as belonging to the thirteenth century, suggesting a possible arrival of Muslims in South America, perhaps coming from
somewhere near Indonesia.

During his second voyage, Columbus was told by the natives of Espanola (Haiti) of black men who had appeared on the island before him and
they showed him the lances that had been left there by these Africans to support their assertions. The tips of the lances were of a metal, an alloy
of gold, which they called guanin, a word which is semantically remarkably similar to the Arabic word ghina, meaning richness. Columbus had in
fact brought some of this guanin back to Spain, recording that it was composed of 56.25% gold, 18.75% silver and 25% copper, ratios that were
prevalent in African Guinea as standards for the processing of metals.

8. On his third voyage to the New World, Columbus visited Trinidad, where the sailors noticed the symmetrically patterned cotton and colorful
handkerchiefs of the natives. Afterward, Columbus realized that the handkerchiefs, which the natives called almayzar, were all much the same in
color, style, and use as the headscarves and waist bands used in Guinea. The word almayzar is Arabic, and denotes a cover, tie, apron, or skirt,
and is a component of the regional costumes of the Moors, Arabs and, Berbers of North Africa, who had conquered Spain in the eighth century.
Columbus observed that the local women wore cotton garments and wrote in astonishment that they had learned of the concept namus, i.e.
chastity. In much the same vein, Hernan Cortes, another Spanish explorer, later recorded that the clothing of local women consisted of long veils
and skirts decorated with ornaments that were similar to those of the Moors. Ferdinand, Columbus' son, was also quick to notice the resemblance
between the cotton dresses of the natives and the ornamented shawls fashioned by Moorish women in Granada. The cradles used by the natives,
furthermore, very closely resembled those of North Africa.

9. Columbus recorded on 21 October 1492 that he had noticed a mosque on top of a mountain while sailing around Cibara on the northeast coast
of Cuba. Relics of mosques carrying Qur'anic inscriptions on their minarets have been found in Cuba, Mexico, Texas, and Nevada since these
times.

10. Leo Weiner, a well-known Harvard historian and linguist, stated in his book The Discovery of Africa and America, written in 1920, that
Columbus was aware of the existence of Mandinka, an ethnic group of West Africa, in the New World. The same book also affirms that Columbus
was aware that West African Muslims were living across North America, including the south, middle regions and Canada, as well as in the
Caribbean, and that they had marital and commercial ties with the native tribes of Iroque and Algonquin.

11. A preponderance of the voyages embarked upon by Columbus and other Spanish and Portuguese explorers toward the other side of the
Atlantic were undertaken only in the light of the geographical and navigational knowledge prepared by Muslims. Al-Masudi's (871-957 CE) work
Muruj'uz-Zahab, for instance, was written with this sort of data compiled by Muslim traders from across Africa and Asia. Two of Columbus'
captains on the first voyage, in actual fact, were Muslims: Martin Alonso Pinzon was in charge of the Pinta, while his brother Vicente Yanez Pinzon
was the designated captain of Nina; both were from the Moroccan Marinid dynasty, descendants of Sultan Abu Zayan Muhammad III (r. 1362-
1366). Formerly well-to-do ship riggers, they assisted Columbus in organizing his voyage of exploration, preparing the Santa Maria, the flagship,
and covering all its expenses.

12. Christopher Columbus has recorded the custom of nose piercing, which used to be and still popular in the Middle Eastern and Arab countries,
as being prevalent in some islands across the Atlantic also mentions the writing of letters in Arabic.

13. In the account of sixteenth century missionaries in America, the local copper mines, found particularly in Virginia, Tennessee, and Wisconsin
were not operated by the natives, but instead by people from the Middle East, towards whom the natives nurtured a profound sympathy.

Page 4 of 7
 Muslims in America

14. A sum of 565 names, 484 in America and 81 in Canada, of villages, towns, cities, mountains, lakes, rivers and etcetera, are etymologically
Arabic, designated by locals long before the arrival of Columbus. Many of these names are in fact the same as names of Islamic places; Mecca in
Indiana, Medina in Idaho, Medina in New York, Medina and Hazen in North Dakota, Medina in Ohio, Medina in Tennessee, Medina in Texas,
Medina and Arva in Ontario, Mahomet in Illinois and Mona in Utah, are just a few noticeable names at the outset. A closer analysis of the names
of native tribes will immediately reveal their Arabic etymological ancestry; Anasazi, Apache, Arawak, Arikana, Chavin, Cherokee, Cree, Hohokam,
Hupa, Hopi, Makkah, Mohician, Mohawk, Nazca, Zulu, and Zuni are only a few.

House and building Structures

Archeological excavations conducted throughout North America and North Africa reveal a corresponding architectural resemblance between ninth
century buildings. The structure of a Berber house of the Atlas Mountains, Morocco (picture 9), for instance, is exactly the same as that of a
house in New Mexico (picture 10). The same similarity can be traced between the Castle of Montezuma discovered in Arizona and the remnants
found in Mesa Verde in Colorado and the general structure of Berber buildings (picture 11-12).

Arabic words prevalent among natives prior to the arrival of Europeans

Page 5 of 7
 Muslims in America

The pervasiveness of many Islamic words across the continent prior to European influx is verified by the following terms discovered in the regions
currently known as New England and Nova Scotia, in America and Canada respectively. Fell pointed to some words as example of Arabic influence
on Native Americans. All of the words listed below are derived from the Arabic language. However, time had eroded their original meanings and
most are not used in Arabic today.

The research undertaken by Professor Cyrus Thomas of the Smithsonian Institute shows that a small cabin built from piles of rock found in
Ellenville, New York is virtually the same as the cabin, again of rock, found around Aqabah, Southern Arabia, both of which are thought to have
been built around the start of the eighth century (picture 13).
The last Muslim stronghold in Spain, Granada, fell just before the Spanish Inquisition was established in 1492. Non-Christians were forced to
either convert to Catholicism to save themselves from the tyranny of the Inquisition or were exiled from the country. Documents exist which prove
the existence of immigrant Muslims in Spanish America before 1550. In 1539 an edict from Spanish King Charles V was put into practice which
forbade the immigration of Muslims to settlements in the West. This edict was later expanded to expel all Muslims from overseas Spanish colonies
in 1543. The existence of Muslims in overseas islands and regions was known along with the fact that the Spanish king issued such an edict.
Again, in many Islamic sources, it is noted that Muslims living in Spain and North Africa made overseas voyages during the Andalusia period.
Scientific research on this subject will bring out many documents into the daylight, documents which have escaped the notice of both Muslims in
America and those throughout the world, which will perhaps serve, in the future if not immediately, as a starting point for a re-evaluation of the
history of America.
1000 AD (10th century Arab map showing America as the Unknown land Ard a Majhoola)

(Archaic African American artist, Earl Sweeting depicting pre-Clolumbus contacts between
Muslims and Native Americans)

Islam is one of the fastest growing religions in the United States. Through conversion and through immigration, the number of Muslims has now
risen to between 6 and 16 million. There are more Muslims than Presbyterians and more American Muslims than American Jews

History is but a jig saw puzzle. The facts about Cherokee Muslims were initially brought out by Cherokees themselves. Ms. Sheila Musaji also has a
website and has done research on the subject of Cherokee being Muslims. Dr. Robert Crane, the ex US Ambassador to the UAE, and an advisor to
President Nixon who is a Cherokkee brought it to my attention, and he has written various articles on the subject. Dr. Crane did "revert" back to
Islam.

Islamic World

Further information: Islamic astronomy and Islamic geography

Around 830 CE, Caliph al-Ma'mun commissioned a group of astronomers to measure the distance from Tadmur (Palmyra) to al-Raqqah, in modern
Syria. They found the cities to be separated by one degree of latitude and the distance between them to be 66 2/3 miles and thus calculated the
Earth's circumference to be 24,000 miles (about 38,600 km), a value which differs from modern estimates by about 3.6%.[52]
Another estimate given by al-Ma'mun's astronomers was 56 2/3 Arabic miles per degree, which corresponds to 111.8 km per degree and a
circumference of 40,248 km, very close to the currently modern values of 111.3 km per degree and 40,068 km circumference, respectively.[53]
Ab¨± Rayh¨¡n al-B¨©r¨±n¨© (973-1048) solved a complex geodesic equation in order to accurately compute the Earth's circumference, which

Page 6 of 7
 Muslims in America
was close to modern values of the Earth's circumference.[54][55] His estimate of 6,339.9 km for the Earth radius was only 16.8 km less than the
modern value of 6,356.7 km. In contrast to his predecessors who measured the Earth's circumference by sighting the Sun simultaneously from
two different locations, al-Biruni developed a new method of using trigonometric calculations based on the angle between a plain and mountain
top which yielded more accurate measurements of the Earth's circumference and made it possible for it to be measured by a single person from a
single location.[56]

A world map by Muhammad al-Idrisi (1100-1166) depicting the Earth as round.

John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson write in the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive:
"Important contributions to geodesy and geography were also made by Biruni. He introduced techniques to measure the earth and distances on it
using triangulation. He found the radius of the earth to be 6339.6 km, a value not obtained in the West until the 16th century. His Masudic canon
contains a table giving the coordinates of six hundred places, almost all of which he had direct knowledge."[57]
Many Muslim scholars declared a mutual agreement (Ijma) that celestial bodies are round, among them Ibn Hazm (d. 1069), Ibn al-Jawzi (d.
1200), and Ibn Taymiya (d. 1328).[58] Ibn Taymiya said, "Celestial bodies are round—as it is the statement of astronomers and mathematicians—it
is likewise the statement of the scholars of Islam". Abul-Hasan ibn al-Manaadi, Abu Muhammad Ibn Hazm, and Abul-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi have said
that the Muslim scholars are in agreement that all celestial bodies are round. Ibn Taymiyah also remarked that Allah has said, "And He (Allah) it is
Who created the night and the day, the sun and the moon. They float, each in a Falak." Ibn Abbas says, "A Falaka like that of a spinning wheel."
The word 'Falak' (in the Arabic language) means "that which is round."[58][59]
The Muslim scholars who held to the round earth theory used it in an impeccably Islamic manner, to calculate the distance and direction from any
given point on the earth to Makkah (Mecca). This determined the Qibla, or Muslim direction of prayer. Muslim mathematicians developed spherical
trigonometry which was used in these calculations.[60] Ibn Khaldun (d. 1406), in his Muqaddimah, also identified the world as spherical.

Page 7 of 7