L4938E/ED

L4938EPD

ADVANCED VOLTAGE REGULATOR

ENABLE AND SENSE INPUTS (EN, SI) PRO-

TECTED AGAINST NEGATIVE TRANSIENTS
DOWN TO -5V
RESET THRESHOLD ADJUSTABLE FROM
3.8 TO 4.7V
EXTREMELY LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT,
65A (LESS THAN 90A) IN STANDBY
MODE DIP (12+2+2) SO20 (12+4+4) PowerSO20
OPERATING DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE RANGE
5V - 28V
OPERATING TRANSIENT SUPPLY VOLT-
AGE UP TO 40V ORDERING NUMBERS: L4938E (DIP)
HIGH PRECISION STANDBY OUTPUT VOLT- L4938ED (SO)
AGE 5V 1% WITH 100mA CURRENT CA- L4938EPD (PSO)
PABILITY
OUTPUT 2 VOLTAGE 5V 2% WITH 400mA
CURRENT CAPABILITY (ADJ WIRED TO DESCRIPTION
VOUT2)
The L4938E/ED/EPD is a monolithic integrated
OUTPUT 2 VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE BY EX- dual voltage regulator with two very low dropout
TERNAL VOLTAGE DIVIDER outputs and additional functions as power-on re-
OUTPUT 2 DISABLE FUNCTION FOR set and input voltage sense. It is designed for
STANDBY MODE supplying the microcomputer controlled systems
especially in automotive applications.

PIN CONNECTIONS

PR 1 20 SI
GND 1 20 GND
PR 1 16 SI
CT 2 19 VS1
N.C. 2 19 N.C.
CT 2 15 VS1 EN 3 18 VS2 VS2 3 18 OUT2
EN 3 14 VS2 GND 4 17 GND VS1 4 17 ADJ
GND 4 13 GND GND 5 16 GND SI 5 16 OUT1
GND 5 12 GND GND 6 15 GND PR 6 15 SO
RES 6 11 N.C. GND 7 14 GND CT 7 14 RESET

SO 7 10 OUT2 RES 8 13 N.C. EN 8 13 N.C.

SO 9 12 OUT2 N.C. 9 12 N.C.
OUT1 8 9 ADJ
OUT1 10 11 ADJ GND 10 11 GND
D94AT075A
D94AT076A L4938EPD

DIP (12+2+2) SO (12+4+4) PowerSO20

February 1999 1/12

L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Symbol Parameter Value Unit
VINDC DC Operating Supply Voltage 28 V
VINTR Transient Operating Supply Voltage (T < 400ms) -14 to 40 V
IO Output Current internally limited
VSI Sense Input Voltage (Voltage Forced) (note 2) -20 to 20 V
ISI Sense Input Current (Current Forced) (note 2) 1 mA
VEN Enable Input Voltage (Voltage Forced) (note 2) -20 to 20 V
IEN Sense Input Current (Current Forced) (note 2) 1 mA
VRES , VSO Output Voltages -0.3 to 20 V
IRES , ISO Output Currents (Output Low) 5 mA
PO Power Dissipation at Tamb = 80C (note 3) 875 mW
Powerdip 12+2+2
Tstg Storage Temperature -65 to 150 C
Tj Operating Junction Temperature -40 to 150 C
TJSD Thermal shutdown junction temperature Output 2 will shut-down 165 C
typically at Tj 10K lower than output 1
Note 1: The circuit is ESD protected according to MIL-STD-883C
Note 2: Current forced means voltage unlimited but current limited to the specified value
Voltage forced means voltage limited to the specified valueswhile the current is not limited
Note 3: Typical value soldered on a PC board with 8cm 2 copper ground plane (35mm thick).

BLOCK DIAGRAM

VS1 OUT1

1.23V REFERENCE
REG1

VS2 OUT2
ADJ
EN
1.23V
REG2

1.23V CT
RES

PR
1.4V
RESET

SO
SI

1.23V
SENSE GND

D94AT074A

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 L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

THERMAL DATA
Symbol Parameter DIP 12+2+2 SO 12+4+4 PowerSO20 Unit
Rth j-amb Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient 40 50 - C/W
Rth j-case Thermal Resistance Junction to case - - <2 C/W
2
Note 3: Typical value soldered on a PC board with 8cm copper ground plane (35mm thick).

PIN FUNCTIONS
PIN PIN PIN
Name Function
(DIP 12+2+2) (SO 12+4+4) PowerSO20
14 18 3 VS2 Supply Voltage (400mA Regulator)
15 19 4 VS1 Supply Voltage (100mA Regulator, Reset, Sense)
16 20 5 S1 Sense Input
1 1 6 PR Reset Theresold Programming
2 2 7 CT Reset Delay Capacitor
3 3 8 EN Enable (low will activate the 400mA regulator)
4, 5, 12, 13 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 1,10,11,20 GND Ground
15, 16, 17
6 8 14 RES Reset Output
7 9 15 SO Sense Output
8 10 16 OUT 1 100mA Regulator Output
9 11 17 ADJ Feedback of 400mA Regulator
10 12 18 OUT 2 400mA Regulator Output
11 13 2,9,19 NC Not Connected

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VS = 14V; Tj = -40 to 150C unless otherwise specified.)

Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
OUT 1
VO1 Supply Output Voltage VS = 6 to 28V; 4.9 5 5.1 V
IO1 = 400A to 100mA
Tj 125C; IO1 = 50 to 400A 4.8 5 5.2 V
VDP1 Dropoutput Voltage 1 IOUT1 = 10mA 0.1 0.2 V
IOUT1 = 100mA; VS = 4.8V 0.2 0.4 V
VOL01 Load Regulation 1 IOUT1 = 1 to 100mA 25 mV
(after regulation setting)
VLIM1 Current Limit 1 VOUT1 = 0.8 to 4.5V 100 200 400 mA
IQSB Quiescent Current in Standby IEN 2.4V (output 2 disabled) 65 90 A
Mode IO1 = 0.1mA; VSI > 1.3V
TJ < 85C; RPR = 0 75 A
OUT 2
VO2 Output Voltage 2 Enable = LOW; VS = 6 to 28V; 4.9 5.1 V
ADJ connected to OUT 2 I02 = 5 to 400mA
VDP2 Dropoutput Voltage 2 IOUT2 = 100mA 0.2 0.3 V
IOUT2 = 400mA; VS = 4.8V 0.3 0.6 V
VOL02 Load Regulation 2 IOUT1 = 5 to 400mA 50 mV
(after regulation setting)
RADJ Adjust Input Resistance 60 100 150 mA
ILIM2 Current Limit 2 V02 = 0.8 to 4.5V 450 650 1300 mA
IQ Quiescent Current IOUT1 = 100mA; IOUT2 = 400mA 20 mA
OUT1, OUT 2
VOLi 1,2 Line Regulation VS = 6 to 28V; IO1 = 1mA, 20 mV
IO2 = 5mA,
(after regulation setting)

3/12
L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)

Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit

ENABLE INPUT
VENL Enable Input Low Voltage -20 1 V
(Output 2 Active)
VENH Enable Input High Voltage 1.4 20 V
VENhyst Enable Hysteresis 20 30 60 mV
IEN LOW Enable Input Current Low VEN = 0 -20 -8 -3 A
IEN HIGH Enable Input Current High VEN = 1.1 to 7V; T J < 130C; -1 0 1 A
VEN = 1.1 to 7V; -10 0 10 A
TJ = 130 to 150C;

RESET CIRCUIT
VRT Reset Theresold Voltage RPR = 4.5 VO1-0.3 VO1-0.2 V
(note4) RPR = 0 3.65 3.8 3.95 V
VRTH Reset Theresold Hysteresis RPR = 30 60 120 mV
tRD min Reset Pulse Delay CRES = 47nF; t r 30s; (note 5) 40 60 100 ms
tRD nom Reset Pulse Delay CRES = 47nF; (note 6) 60 100 140 ms
tRR Reset Reaction Time CRES = 47nF 10 50 150 s
ICT Pull Down Capability of the VOUT1 < VRT 3 6 15 mA
Discharge circuit
ICT Charge Current VOUT1 > VRT -1.3 -1 0.7 A
VRESL Reset Output Low Voltage R RES = 10K to VOUT1 0.4 V
VOUT1 1.5V
VRESH Reset Output High Leakage VRES = 5V 1 A
current

SENSE COMPARATOR
VSI Functional Range -20 20 V
VSIT Sense Threshold Voltage Falling Edge; TJ <130C 1.08 1.16 1.24 V
Falling Edge; TJ <130 to 150C 1.05 1.16 1.29 V
VSITH Sense Threshold Hysteresis 10 30 60 mV
VSOL Sense Output Low Voltage V SI 1.05V; RSO =10K 0.4 V
connected to 5V; VS 5V
ISOH Sense Output Leakage VSO = 5V; VSI 1.5V 1 A
ISI HIGH Sense Input Current High VSI = 1.1 to 7V; TJ <130C -1 0 1 A
VSI = 1.1 to 7V; TJ <130 to 150C -10 0 10 A
ISI LOW Sense Input Current Low VSI = 0V -20 -8 -3 A
Note :
4) The reset threshold can be programmed continuously from typ 3.8V to 4.7V by changing a value of an external resistor from pin PR to GN

5) This is a minimum reset time according to the hysteresis of the comparator. Delay time starts with VOUT1 exceeding VRT

6) This is the nominal reset time depending on the discharging limit of CT (saturation voltage) and theupper threshold of the timer comparator.
Delay time starts with VOUT1 exceeding VRT

7) The leakage of CT must be less than 0.5mA (2V). If an external resistor between CT and VOUT1 is applied, the leakage current may be
increased. The external resistor should have more than 30K.
for stability: Cs 1F, C01 10F, C02 10F, ESR 5 (designed target) For details see application note.

8) For transients exceeding 20V or -20V external protection is required at the Pins SI and EN as shown at Pin EN. The protection proposed will
provide proper function for transients in the range of 200V. If the zener diode is omitted the external resistor should be raised to 200K
to limit the current to 1mA. Without the zener diode, the function 20V or -20V can not be guaranteed.

4/12
 L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

Figure 1. Application Diagram.

VS1 OUT1

CS CO1

1.23V REFERENCE
REG1
OUT2
(Note 8)
VS2
CO2
100K ADJ
EN 1.23V
15V
REG2

CT (Note 7)
CT
1.23V
for example
BZX97C15
RES
VOUT1
PR
1.4V
RESET RSO
SO
SI

1.23V
GND
SENSE

D94AT079A

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION To reduce the quiescent current peak in the un-

The L4938E/ED/EPD is a monolithic integrated dervoltage region and to improve the transient re-
dual voltage regulator, based on the STM modu- sponse in this region, the dropout voltage is con-
lator voltage regulator approach. Several out- trolled. A second regulation path will keep the
standing features and auxiliary functions are im- output voltage without load below 5.5V even at
plemented to meet the requirements of supplying high temperatures.
microprocessor systems in automotive applica-
tions. Nevertheless, it is suitable also in other ap- Output 2 Voltage
plications where two stabilized voltages are re-
quired. The modular approach of this device The output 2 regulator uses the same output
allows to get easly also other features and func- structure as the standby regulator but rated for
tions when required. the output current of 400mA. The output voltage
is internally fixed to 5V if ADJ is connected to
VOUT2.
Standby Regulator The output 2 regulator can be switches OFF via
The standby regulator uses an Isolated collector the enable input.
Vertical PNP transistor as a regulating element.
With this structure very low dropout volotage at Figure 2.
currents up to 100mA is obtained. The dropout
operation of the standby regulator is maintained
OUT2
down to 3V input supply voltage. The output volt-
age is regulated up to the transient input supply R1E
voltage of 40V. With this feature no functional in- ADJ
terruption due to overvoltage pulses is generated.
R1i R2E
In the standby mode when the output 2 is dis-
- RADJ
abled, the current consumption of the device (qui-
escent current) is less than 90A (14V supply + R2i

voltage). 1.23V total 100K

D94AT080
typical

5/12
L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

Connecting a resistor divider R1E, R2E to the ADJ, than approximately 50s.
OUT2 pin the output voltage 2 can be pro- The minimum rset time is generated if reset con-
grammed to the value of dition only occures for a short time triggering a re-
set pulse but not completely discharging CT. The
R1E(R2E + RADJ) reset can be related to output2 on request. If
VOUT2 = VOUT1 1 + higher charge currents for the reset capacitor are
R2E RADJ required a resistors from Pin CT to OUT1, may be
used to increase the current. We recommended
with RADJ = 60K to 150K and VOUT1 = 4.95 to the use of 10K to 5V as an output pull up.
5.05V.
For an exact calculation the temperature coeffi-
cient (Tc -2000pprm) of the internal resistor Sense Comparator
(RADJ) must be taken into account. Pin ADJ in this The sense comparator compares an input signal
mode should not have a capacitive burden be- with an internal voltage reference of typical 1.23V.
cause this would reduce the phase margin of the The use of an external voltage divider makes this
regulator loop. comparator very flexible in the application. It can
be used to supervise the input voltage either be-
Reset circuit fore or after the protection diode and to give addi-
tional information to the microprocessor like low
The reset circuit supervises the standby output voltage warnings. We recommended the use of
voltage. The reset output (RES) is defined from 10K to 5V as an output pull up.
VOUT 1V.
Even if VS is lacking, the reset generator is sup- Note 9:
The reference is alternatively supplied from VS or VOUT1. If one supply
plied by the output voltage VOUT1. is present, the reference is operating.
The reset threshold of 4.7V is defined with the in-
ternal reference voltage (note 9) and standby out-
put divider, when pin PR is left open. The reset Thermal Protection
threshold voltage can be programmed in the Both outputs are provided with an overtempera-
range from 3.8V to 4.7V by connecting an exter- ture shut down regulation power dissipation down
nal resistor from pin PR to GND. to uncritical values.
The value of the programming resistor RPR can Output 2 will shut down approximately 10K before
be calculated with: output 1.
Under normal conditions shut down of output 2
22K will allow the chip to cool down again. Thus out-
RPR = 92.9K, 3.8V VRT 4.7V put 1 will be unaffected.
4.7K
1 The thermal shut down reduces the output volt-
VRT ages until power dissipation and the flow of ther-
mal energy out of the chip balance.
The reset pulse delay time tRD, is defined with the
charge time of an external capacitor CT:
Transient Sensitivity
CT 0.6V In proper operation (VOUT > 4.5V) the reference is
tRDmin = (note 5) supplied by VOUT1 thus reducing sensitivity to in-
1A
put transients.
Precise Data will be issued as soon as samples
CT 1.4V are available.
tRDnom = (note 6)
1A
The reaction time of the reset circuit originates
from the noise immunity. Standby output voltage
drops below the reset threshold only a bit longer
than the reaction time results in a shorter reset
delay time. The nominal reset delay time will be
generated for standby output voltage drops longer

6/12
 L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

Figure 3. Reset Generator

OUT1
REF
1.23V
10...100K
1A
17K
RES
74K -
PR -
+
VOUT1
Low threshold VBE at 1A=0.5V at 25C
REG High threshold =1.4
CT

CT
D94AT081

Figure 4:

7/12
L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

INPUT PROTECTION tected against negative transients. Figure 5 is

showing the simplified schematic
The Inputs Enable (EN) and sense in(SI) are pro-

Figure 5.

Input Characteristics of SI, EN:

8/12
 L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

mm inch
DIM. OUTLINE AND
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. MECHANICAL DATA

a1 0.51 0.020

B 0.85 1.40 0.033 0.055

b 0.50 0.020

b1 0.38 0.50 0.015 0.020

D 20.0 0.787

E 8.80 0.346

e 2.54 0.100

e3 17.78 0.700

F 7.10 0.280

I 5.10 0.201

L 3.30 0.130
Powerdip 16
Z 1.27 0.050

9/12
L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

mm inch
DIM. OUTLINE AND
MECHANICAL DATA
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.

A 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104

A1 0.1 0.3 0.004 0.012

B 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020

C 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013

D 12.6 13 0.496 0.512

E 7.4 7.6 0.291 0.299

e 1.27 0.050

H 10 10.65 0.394 0.419

h 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.030

L 0.4 1.27 0.016 0.050

SO20
K 0 (min.)8 (max.)

L
h x 45

B e K A1 C
H

20 11

1 0
1

SO20MEC

10/12
 L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

mm inch
DIM.
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. OUTLINE AND
A 3.6 0.142 MECHANICAL DATA
a1 0.1 0.3 0.004 0.012
a2 3.3 0.130
a3 0 0.1 0.000 0.004
b 0.4 0.53 0.016 0.021
c 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013
D (1) 15.8 16 0.622 0.630
D1 9.4 9.8 0.370 0.386
E 13.9 14.5 0.547 0.570
e 1.27 0.050
e3 11.43 0.450
E1 (1) 10.9 11.1 0.429 0.437
E2 2.9 0.114
E3 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244
G 0 0.1 0.000 0.004
H 15.5 15.9 0.610 0.626
h 1.1 0.043 JEDEC MO-166
L 0.8 1.1 0.031 0.043
N 10 (max.)
S 8 (max.)
T 10 0.394
(1) "D and F" do not include mold flash or protrusions.
PowerSO20
- Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15 mm (0.006").
- Critical dimensions: "E", "G" and "a3"

N N R

a2 A
c
a1
b e DETAIL B
DETAIL A E

e3
H DETAIL A
lead

D
a3 slug

DETAIL B

20 11 0.35
Gage Plane
-C-

S SEATING PLANE
L
G C
BOTTOM VIEW (COPLANARITY)
E2 E1

E3

1 10

PSO20MEC
D1
h x 45

11/12
L4938E - L4938ED - L4938EPD

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of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is
granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specification mentioned in this publication are
subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products
are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
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12/12
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