Milan Blagojevic Miroslav Zivkovic

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8th International Quality Conference

May 23rd 2014


Center for Quality, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac

Milan Blagojevic1)
Miroslav Zivkovic1)
1) Faculty of Engineering,
University of Kragujevac,
Serbia
{blagoje,zile}@kg.ac.rs

QUALITY CONTROL OF
PARTS AND ASSEMBLIES
USING SOFTWARE GOM INSPECT
BASED ON PORTABLE CMM DATA
Abstract: In the last decade portable measuring arms,
allowing rapid measurement in production conditions,
have achieved great popularity and market expansion.
This paper shows an example of the measuring project
in which the measuring object is 'scanned' using the
measuring arm FARO Arm Platinum, while data
evaluation and analysis is performed in the software
GOM Inspect. Data translation between measuring
device and analysis software is performaed using inhouse software. Results obtained by software GOM
Inspect and CAM2Measure X are identical.
Keywords: Photogrammetry, Tactile Measurement,
FARO, GOM, Automatization

1. INTRODUCTION
Computer
aided
manufacturing
(CAM) and measurement technology has
caused a general quality improvement, as
advanced inspection of assembled pieces
discovers even minute faults [1,2].
Coordinate measuring machines (CMM)
have became standard equipment in the
control of metal industry products quality.
3D measuring technology, like the portable
arms, laser and 3D sterevision scanners
delivers measurement data with high speed
and accuracy [2].
In the last decade portable CMMs, so
called measuring arms, have made the
expansion on the market. Measuring arms
are fully articulated coordinate measuring
system featuring a wide range of
measurement [3,4]. Measuring arms allow
rapid on-site measurements in production
conditions. The highly portable design
enables the system to be positioned at any
point near the workpiece [3,4,5].
In addition to these, combined opticaltactile CMMs are available today, using

the strengths both optical and tactile


coordinate measuring systems [6].
Purchased measuring machine comes
with a version of the software and support
for that version of the software is limited
to a certain time period. Due to hardware
and licencing limitations, older versions of
software generally do not allow
performing data evaluation and analysis of
measurement results on the computer that
is not part of the measurement system.
Also, there is no the possibility of sharing
measurement projects with colegues and
third parties for further analysis.
Free GOM Inspect overcomes this
problem, but it is primarily intended for
use with measuring projects generated by a
measuring devices provided by company
GOM [5]. Due to GOM Inspect contains
all evaluation tools for an extensive
analysis of parts and components, the
authors of this paper have made software
that allows measured data to be loaded
from the factory-installed software of the
measuring equipment.
This paper is organized in the

8th IQC May, 23 2014

913

following way: in Section 2 used hardware


and software is described, in Section 3
case comparing measurement performed
bu FARO Arm Platinum and analysed in
CAM2Measure and GOM Inspect are
presented. Final remarks and conclusions
are presented in Section 4.

2. CMMs AND SOFTWARE


2.1 Tactile and Photogrammetric
Measuring Systems
Tactile Measuring Systems. A
coordinate measuring machine is a device
for
measuring
the
geometrical
characteristics of an object. Measurements
are defined by a probe attached to the third
moving axis of the machine. These axes
are orthogonal to each other in a typical
three-dimensional coordinate system. Each
axis has a scale system that indicates the
location of that axis. Probes may be
mechanical, optical, laser, or white/red
light, .... The machine read the input from
the touch probe, as directed by the operator
or programmer. The machine then uses the
X,Y,Z coordinates of each of these points
to determine size and position with
micrometre precision typically. Direct
Computer Control (DCC) CMMs can be
programmed to repeatedly measure
identical parts, thus a CMM is a
specialized form of industrial robot.
Portable measuring arms allow taking
measurements
directly
in
the
manufacturing environment, where process
improvements are the most beneficial. No
long installation times, simplicity of
operation
and
ever-reliable
3D
measurements: articulated arms which can
be equipped with different length probes
and scan heads to measure even difficultto-access points either optically or by
touch [3,4].
Photogrammetric
Measuring
Systems.
Measuring
tasks
that
traditionally were performed by tactile 3D
coordinate measuring machines can now

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easily be carried out with the


photogrammetric measuring systems. The
portable TRITOP CMM system measures
three-dimensional coordinates of reference
objects applied to surface of measurement
objects quickly and precisely. As with
tactile coordinate measuring machines
TRITOP CMM records the coordinates
and their orientation in space for any
feature of interest: Surface points and
sections, Primitives, Holes, Punch holes,
Edges, Diameters, Lengths, Angles ...
Using TRITOP, objects of up to some 20
m can be measured. Depending on the
measuring task, different camera systems
are available. All TRITOP systems are
self-calibrating and self-checking.
Point cloud. By precisely recording
the X, Y, and Z coordinates of the target,
points are generated. The set of all the
recorded position of the probe called point
cloud. A point cloud is a set of data points
in some coordinate system. In a threedimensional coordinate system, these
points are usually defined by X, Y, and Z
coordinates, and often are intended to
represent the (external) surface of an
object. Point clouds may be created by 3D
scanners. These devices measure in an
automatic way a large number of points on
the surface of an object, and often output a
point cloud as a data file. The point cloud
represents the set of points that the device
has measured.
2.2 GOM Inspect
GOM Inspect is a free 3D inspection
and mesh processing software for
dimensional analysis of 3D point clouds
and viewer for ATOS and GOM Inspect
Professional data sets. GOM Inspect offers
extensive post-processing functionalities.
It contains all evaluation tools for an
extensive
analysis
of
parts
and
components.
With advanced built-in features, GOM
Inspect enables: (a) CAD Import: IGES,
STEP, JT-Open, ..., (b) Alignments:
Automatic pre-alignment, RPS, 3-2-1,

M. Blagojevic, M. Zivkovic

plane-line-point, best-fit and hierarchical


alignments, (c) CAD comparison: surface,
sections, points, ..., (d) Geometry element
fitting (plane, sphere, cylinder, ...),
certified by PTB & NIST, (e) CAD-based
primitive generation: lines, planes, circles,
cylinders, cones, ..., (f) Inspection
functions: dimensions, virtual calipers,
angles, diameters, ..., (g) GD&T analysis
based on ISO 1101 and ASME Y14.5
standards, and (h) Reporting: screenshots,
tables, PDFs, ...
Using I-Inspect (intelligent inspection)
operators are guided through the
inspection process, while the software can
be operated via a single button and
therefore helps simplify the entire process,
so that inspection tasks can be performed
at speed. Parametric inspection is
implemented in software, allowing all
evaluation steps can be traced and
therefore easily modified and adjusted.
This makes it easy to analyze several
components within a single project. A onebutton solution updates all dependent
elements automatically after changes have
been made.
Adjustable report templates are used
to tailor measurement reports precisely to
individual measuring tasks. Spreadsheets
in VDA format, for example, are available
for doing so. All measurement results can
be accessed by customers and colleagues
with the free GOM Inspect 3D viewer.
GOM Inspect is independently tested
and certified by German and American
national measurement laboratories (PTB,
NIST). The accuracy of the evaluation
software is verified by comparing the
results obtained from the software with
reference results. GOM Inspect has been
placed in class 1, the class of the smallest
deviations.
A user-friendly graphical interface
enables operators to process and evaluate
the measurement data. The software
supports work in quality control and
component testing in the field of modern
development and manufacturing processes.

Free result viewer fo full-field measuring


data allows for an easy understanding of
problematic areas and a faster finding of
possible solutions.

3. CASE STUDY: DEFORMATION


OF COMPONENT
3.1 Model description
This paper presents an example of
measuring the project in which the
measuring object is 'recorded' using the
measuring arm FARO Arm Platinum (fig.
1), while data analysis is performed in the
software GOM Inspect. Subassembly of
transformer core cutting line is measured
(fig. 2). Measurement is loaded into the
software GOM Inspect using our own
software. The task of the software is to
write the 3D positions of probe center into
*.xml file that typically serve to import the
reference points in the GOM software.

Figure 1 - FARO Arm Platinum

Figure 2 - Subassembly of machine that


is subject of the measurement
With decreased accuracy, this method is
applied on example of machine with

8th IQC May, 23 2014

915

dimensions that are several times larger


than the dimensions of the measuring arm
(Fig. 3).

Figure 3 - Machines of large dimensions


subjected to this measurement
3.2 Results
The recorded probe positions are
shown as green dots in point cloud
generated based on the points where the
measuring arm touched the object of
measurement (fig. 4). Based on the point
cloud feature of interest (Surface points
and sections, Primitives, Holes, Punch
holes, Edges, Diameters, Lengths, Angles
...) are generated (fig. 5).
After the 3D coordinates have been

determined,
the
measurement
is
transformed into defined coordinate
system
of
using
plane-line-point
transformation out of other available
options (3-2-1, plane-line-point, Gage
alignment, Best-fit, RPS, hierarchical or
other available alignment).
Based on measurements performed by
tactile method, deformation of structural
component ([R] Item) due to loading is
analyzed. Analysis of deformation/
movement is possible because the probe is
placed in a cone that is tightly coupled
with
the
observed
component.
Displacement of component in z direction
is 0.345mm.
The accuracy of the obtained results
generated in software GOM Inspect is
verified by comparing the results obtained
from the software with reference results.
The results obtained by the software
CAM2Measure are considered as a
reference. Results are identical.
Using this method, as well as
combining with optical measuring
systems, point clouds of large objects (fig.
6) can be generated and evaluated.

Figure 4 - Point cloud

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M. Blagojevic, M. Zivkovic

Figure 5 - Feature generated based on point cloud

Figure 6 - Point cloud generated for large scale object

4. CONCLUSION
Thanks to the favorable priceperformance ratio of portable coordinate
measuring machines, they are finding use
in a wide range of industries.
The reporting module of GOM Inspect
software allows complete, clear and simple
reports (snapshots, images, tables, text, ...)
in just a few mouse clicks allowing quick
creation, re-usable templates, high-quality
and valuable information presentation in a
intuitive user experience.
Measuring data allows for an easy
understanding of problematic areas and a

faster finding of possible solutions. GOM


Inspect is available for customers and
colleagues to review the measurement
results and to perform further analysis.
Methods and functionalities available
in the software GOM Inspect provide the
measuring arm FARO Arm Platinum with
completely new functionalities that were
not available with the software
CAM2Measure. Workflows used to
evaluate single or multiple components
can be standardized in order to save time
and money. Matching of results obtained
by
software
GOM
Inspect
and
CAM2Measure X is excelent.

8th IQC May, 23 2014

917

REFERENCES:
[1] Blagojevi, M., Application of optical measuring systems in modeling and simulation (in
Serbian), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac
(2009)
[2] Blagojevi, M., ivkovi, M., "3D Deformation Measurement of Car Body Parts Based
on Point Cloud Generated by Optical Measuring Techniques" International Congress
Motor Vehicles & Motors 2012 - MVM2012, Kragujevac, Serbia, 2012, October 3rd-5th,
326-333
[3] http://www.faro.com/products/metrology/faroarm-measuring-arm/overview
[4] http://hexagonmetrology.us/products/portable-measuring-arms/romer-absolute-arm
[5] http://www.gom.com
[6] http://www.gom.com/metrology-systems/system-overview/gom-touch-probe.html
[7] Blagojevi, M., Dii, A., ivkovi, M., Slavkovi, R., "Verification of Deformation
Measurement Results Using Optical Measuring System TRITOP" 29th Danubia-AdriaSymposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics, Belgrade, Serbia, 2012, September
26th-29th, 290-293
[8] TRITOP User Information, TRITOP Adapters (2008)
[9] TRITOP User Manual - Software, TRITOP v6 (2008)
[10] Blagojevi, M., ivkovi, M., "User-Generated Reference Objects in Photogrammetric
3D Measurement and Quality Control" 6th International Quality Conference,
Kragujevac, Serbia, 2012, June 08th, 569-574
Acknowledgment: Research presented in this paper was supported by Ministry of Science and
Technological Development of Republic of Serbia, Grant TR 32036.

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M. Blagojevic, M. Zivkovic

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