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    How Are Enveloping Spectra Plots Processed

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    PPM
    Filters are used to process enveloping spectra signals to focus on impacts, including envelope filters that set frequency ranges and hi-pass filters that eliminate maximum frequencies. Each manufacturer has its own signal processing and filters, so results are not directly comparable. Enveloping spectra focuses on transient events missed by FFT and provides valuable information like impact frequencies and intensities not available from other spectra. However, enveloping spectra is extremely sensitive and can detect early-stage problems, so should be used with other analysis tools before taking corrective actions.

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    How Are Enveloping Spectra Plots Processed

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    PPM
    59 views1 page
    Filters are used to process enveloping spectra signals to focus on impacts, including envelope filters that set frequency ranges and hi-pass filters that eliminate maximum frequencies. Each manufacturer has its own signal processing and filters, so results are not directly comparable. Enveloping spectra focuses on transient events missed by FFT and provides valuable information like impact frequencies and intensities not available from other spectra. However, enveloping spectra is extremely sensitive and can detect early-stage problems, so should be used with other analysis tools before taking corrective actions.

    Original Description:

    A guide to PdM for early bearing fault detection.

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    Filters are used to process enveloping spectra signals to focus on impacts, including envelope filters that set frequency ranges and hi-pass filters that eliminate maximum frequencies. Each manufacturer has its own signal processing and filters, so results are not directly comparable. Enveloping spectra focuses on transient events missed by FFT and provides valuable information like impact frequencies and intensities not available from other spectra. However, enveloping spectra is extremely sensitive and can detect early-stage problems, so should be used with other analysis tools before taking corrective actions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    59 views1 page

    How Are Enveloping Spectra Plots Processed

    Uploaded by

    PPM
    Filters are used to process enveloping spectra signals to focus on impacts, including envelope filters that set frequency ranges and hi-pass filters that eliminate maximum frequencies. Each manufacturer has its own signal processing and filters, so results are not directly comparable. Enveloping spectra focuses on transient events missed by FFT and provides valuable information like impact frequencies and intensities not available from other spectra. However, enveloping spectra is extremely sensitive and can detect early-stage problems, so should be used with other analysis tools before taking corrective actions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    How Are Enveloping Spectra Plots Processed?

    What is the enveloping signal and how is it processed?


    The unit of amplitude measurement is acceleration but the signal is processed differently than a
    conventional acceleration signal is.
    a) The names for the amplitude unit are manufacturer specific - they each have their own
    name and/or acronym for the unit. A few of the manufacturers are:
    b) CSI (Emerson) uses Peakvue
    c) Entek (Rockwell Automation) uses gSE (spike energy - the original IRD acronym)
    d) SKF uses HFD (high frequency domain) and ESP (envelope signal processing originally a DI unit)
    Filters are used to help process the signal and focus on any impacts that may be occurring.
    The filters come in two classes:
    a) Envelope filter - this type of filter sets a frequency 'envelope' that includes a high frequency
    (Fmax) and a low frequency (Fmin). Any vibration occurring outside that range is filtered out.
    b) Hi-Pass filter - this type of filter eliminates the Fmax but still sets an Fmin filter below which all
    vibration influences are filtered out.
    Each manufacturer sets up its own signal processing and filters. Therefore, although they each
    provide similar information, they are not directly comparable in the amplitude realm.
    The signal processing focuses on the transient, impact type events (spikes on the time domain signal)
    that the FFT process "misses" (it would be more accurate to say "makes more difficult to find") due to
    the way it processes the time signal.
    If there is a consistent period between impacts (i.e. the impacts are occurring at a regular interval),
    that period will be converted into the desired frequency units (Hz or cpm).
    The intensity of the impacts will also be assessed. This is related to the size of the impact spike on the
    signal versus any background noise occurring.
    The results are displayed on a spectrum with amplitude peaks at the frequency(s) they are occurring
    at.
    The enveloping spectrum provides us with valuable information unavailable on displacement, velocity
    and acceleration spectra. It provides another useful weapon for the analyst.
    The acceleration enveloping technique is emerging as a very practical measurement tool for
    assessing initial problems associated with bearings, rollers, and felt rotation. The very low speeds at
    which these measurements occur are often at sensitivity limits of transducers and electronics. In the
    past, synchronous time averaging over very long intervals was required to isolate problems to a
    particular roller by establishing external trigger references.
    In this case study enveloping has proven to be a very effective method to diagnose impact forces
    developed by roll eccentricity, flat spots, and rolling element bearing defects. Although enveloping is
    not the panacea for diagnosing all machine problems, it has become an adaptable and effective
    measurement in the tool box of analysis techniques.
    Enveloping Spectra Plots:
    Words of Warning
    1. The enveloping spectrum is extremely sensitive. It will pick up impact energy that is not
    necessarily a problem or is a very early stage problem.
    2. For instance, it can detect bearing defects before they have migrated to the surface of the
    bearing. Pulling the bearing at that point will not reveal a defect and may cost you something
    more valuable than money - credibility.
    3. Enveloping spectra should be used in conjunction with other analysis tools (velocity and
    acceleration spectra, thermography, time domain, your experience, etc.) before performing
    any corrective actions. It is a powerful tool but must be used with care.
    Like other aspects of vibration analysis, experience will help greatly as it is acquired.

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