Bislama Handbook - Revision July 2011

Bislama Workbook
Hosted for free on livelingua.com
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Most of this workbook is an adaptation of material written for Peace Corps Vanuatu by a host
of Language and Crosscultural trainers and used in Bislama lessons taught during Peace
Corps Vanuatu Pre-service Training.
Peace Corps Vanuatu greatly appreciates the efforts all of those dedicated and hardworking
people who have made this workbook possible, with special thanks to Judy Japheth,
Language and Cross Cultural Coordinator/Trainer, Peace Corps Vanuatu and the driving
force behind the 2008 and 2012 revisions.
Contents
INTRODUCTION
FACTS ABOUT BISLAMA
Unit 1: SOUNDS OF BISLAMA
Unit 2: GREETINGS
18
Unit 3: MARKET WOKABAOT
23
Unit 4: INTRODUCTION OF SELF
29
Unit 5: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE TENSES
35
Unit 6: Blong
39
Unit 7: LONG
44
Unit 8: BISLAMA PRONOUNS
49
Unit 9: HEM AND EM
57
Unit 10: GAT
61
Unit 11: INTERROGATIVES
68
Unit 12: VERBS AND VERB ENDINGS
71
Unit 13: ADDITIONAL VERBS
77
Unit 14: CONNECTIVE WORDS
83
Unit 15: MONTHS, WEEKS, DAYS AND AGES
87
Unit 16: STAP
91
Unit 17: OLSEM
96
Unit 18: SAVE
101
Unit 19: FINIS
106
Unit 20: KLOSAP
109
Unit 21: NOMO
111
Unit 22: KASEM, KAREM, TEKEM
112
Unit 23: SE
115
Unit 24: RELATIVE AMOUNT/QUANTITY
117
Unit 25: ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS & LOCATION
120
Unit 26: BAKEGEN, WANWAN & REPETITIVE ACTION
122
Unit 27: LIKES & DISLIKES
126
Unit 28: TAEM, TAEM WE, LONG TAEM WE
127
Unit 29: ASKING & TELLING TIME
129
Unit 30: SHOPPING AT A STORE
131
Unit 31: ANATOMY/HEALTH CONDITIONS
133
Unit 32: NEGATIVE AND YES/NO QUESTIONS
135
Unit 33: STORY TELLING AND COMPREHENSION
138
INTRODUCTION
This workbook has three goals:
1. To introduce you to Bislama, the national language of Vanuatu.
2. To give you tips that will help you gain a functional knowledge of Bislama as quickly
as possible.
3. To provide you with exercises and notes that reinforce important elements of Peace
Corps Vanuatus Pre-Service Training (PST).
Your knowledge of Bislama is very important to your effectiveness as a Peace Corps
volunteer in Vanuatu. However, there is limited Bislama teaching/learning time during PST.
The workbook provides you an opportunity for self-directed learning that will equip you with
some basic Bislama skills before you start your PST. The topics and notes contained in the
workbook provide the basis for Bislama training during PST.
We suggest you start with Unit 1: Sounds of Bislama. Written and oral Bislama skills are
built upon your understanding of how the language sounds. As you master the basic rules
surrounding the use of the alphabet in Bislama, you are able to efficiently and effectively
acquire knowledge of the application of the language itself.
If you have any questions concerning Bislama or the contents of this workbook, do not
hesitate to contact Solomon Jimmy: [email protected]
Training Manager, Peace Corps Vanuatu
Judy Japheth: [email protected]
Language and Cross Cultural Coordinator, Peace Corps Vanuatu
FACTS ABOUT BISLAMA

Bislama is the national language of the Republic of Vanuatu. It is a pidgin derived from English,
French and indigenous languages that is spoken throughout the country as the lingua franca; a
common tongue which enables communication between the many different language communities of
Vanuatu. There are more than one hundred recognized languages spoken in Vanuatu by the
approximately 220, 000 residents of the islands, excluding the European languages of English and
French. There is a distinct language for, on average, every 2,200 inhabitants of Vanuatu which makes
it the country with one of the highest, if not the highest, language densities in the world. It is not
surprising; therefore, that a common language should develop that ensures communication amongst
all citizens.
In addition, English and French are spoken and understood by many ni-Vanuatus (as the citizens of
the republic choose to be called), however, it is rare for a ni-Vanuatu to speak both English and
French - especially outside the capital Port Vila on the island of Efate. One cause of this situation is
that in pre-Independence times (pre-1980) the British and French condominium government
duplicated facilities; they established competing British and French schools. The net result was that
those ni-Vanuatu who attended French schools were educated in French, while students at the British
schools were educated in English. Since independence the two-language education system has been
maintained, and is, in fact, specified in the Vanuatu constitution. This situation effectively ruled out
the possibility of either English or French becoming the national language. The only language that is
spoken throughout the country is Bislama, and this has occurred only relatively recently. Previously
Bislama was not at all well known in some of the more remote areas, especially among women, who
typically do not tend to travel outside their immediate area. Among older women in the more remote
areas, this may still be the case. Since Bislama is the only universal language of Vanuatu, it is not
surprising that it was proclaimed the national language of the republic in the countrys constitution.
How did Bislama Develop?
In the first half of the nineteenth century there was intensive whaling in the Pacific, especially in the
regions of Polynesia and Micronesia. During the course of this activity, many South Sea islanders
were engaged as ships crew. A kind of jargon developed as a means of communication between the
Europeans and the islanders engaged in the whaling trade. Gradually whale numbers in Polynesia
became severely depleted, with the result that the whalers moved their center of activity progressively
westwards into Melanesia. This, in turn resulted ni-Vanuatu working in the whaling industry. They,
therefore, learned the trade jargon used as the means of general communication.
At roughly the same time, an Irishman, Captain Pita Dillon, discovered stands of sandalwood on
Erromango. This wood was much prized by the Chinese and soon became the basis of a flourishing
export trade. Once traders in Australia learned of the profits to be made selling sandalwood, there
was a frantic rush to Vanuatu to acquire cargoes of the fragrant-smelling wood. The islands involved
were mainly Vanuatus southern ones - Erromango, Tanna and Aneitym; the same islands that had the
greatest contact with the early whalers. In fact, the only whaling station in Vanuatu, was run by
James Paddon, an early whaler, on Aneitym,.
Apart from whaling and sandalwood, another activity which involved contact and communication
between Europeans, Polynesians and the ni-Vanautu was the bche-de-mer industry. Bche-de-mer
or bches-de-mer, also called Trepang, is the boiled, dried, and smoked flesh of sea cucumbers used
to make soups. Its primary market was, and is, in China.
By the early 1860s all of these industries were winding down. However, new economic
developments were taking place which were to have important implications for the development of
Bislama. In 1862 sugar cane was established on a commercial scale in Queensland, Australia. At the
same time there was a short-lived boom in the cotton production in Queensland and in Fiji brought
about by the cotton shortage resulting from the American civil war. Further east, copra prouction was
established in Samoa by the German firm of Goddefroy and Sons.
All of these industries were highly labour intensive. The nearest source of available labour lay in
Melanesia and in 1863 the first boatload of ni-Vanuatu were recruited and brought to Queensland.
Between 1863 and 1911, more than 50,000 ni-Vanuatu worked as indentured labourers on
plantations, mainly in Queensland but also in Fiji and Samoa. Most worked for a term of three years,
returning home at the end of that time. However, a significant number continued for a second and
even a third term.
Labor recruiting first began in the southern islands of the then-named New Hebrides, with the first
recruits coming from the island of Tanna. By the end of the 1860s, the recruiters moved north
through central and northern New Hebrides to the Banks Islands and on to the Solomon Islands. By
the early 1880s, they finally reached what is now Papua New Guinea. During this period the
recruiters signed on laborers at nearly every island. Unfortunately, many of the ships captains were
not always scrupulous about how they recruited their labour nor about returning recruits to their home
islands at the end of their contract period.
It was on the foreign plantations, especially in Queensland, that Bislama developed and stabilized.
The first recruits already had some knowledge of the jargon or broken English used by the whalers
and sandalwood traders. When they reached the plantations, recruits from the same island who spoke
the same language were generally separated so that they could not make trouble or plot against their
employers. Recruits were then forced to speak to one another in the jargon, which quickly spread
among the labourers, reinforced by the English spoken by their overseers.
The early 1890s saw the end of the recruiting period. During this time Bislama fully established its
vocabulary and grammar. It appears not to have changed very significantly during the next 100 years.
As recruits returned home to the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea, the distinctive features of
Bislamas sister dialects, Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea and Pidjin in the Solomons, began to
emerge.
In 1981 Bislama was accepted by the churches of Vanuatu, which up to that time were mostly
administered by foreign missionaries. At that time it was deemed to be a language that was worthy of
using to communicate the word of God. Previously Bislama was considered to be a rough and
inadequate plantation language, not worthy of use for that purpose. Acceptance of Bislama by the
churches in Vanuatu was a crucial step towards raising the status of the language to the point where it
became universally accepted as the language of administration, occupying a pre-eminent position
because of its use throughout Vanuatu.
Bislama is the vibrant and expressive national language of Vanuatu. It is a Melanesian language in its
own right, justly recognized by the government of Vanuatu for what it is - a truly national language
which allows communication across all the language boundaries which criss-cross the country.
(Reference: D.T. Tryon. Bislama An introduction to the national language of Vanuatu. Canberra,
Australia: Pacific Linguistics, 1995.)
Unit 1: SOUNDS OF BISLAMA

1.1
Vowels
Bislama has five vowels - A, E, I, O, U

In Bislama the vowels are pronounced as follows A A as in Artist or Cart. The A always must have an ah sound. Never will an A sound like
the A in Airfield, Age, April. The long-A sound in these words is pronounced and
written as E as in Enter.
E E as in Enter or Enhance. The E always will sound like eh in English or an in
French. Never will an E take an E sound such as in Meal or Deep. The long-E sound is
written as I as in Graffiti.
I I as in Graffiti or the final I in Manicotti. The I must have an ee (long-E) sound such as
in Meal or Deep. Never will an I sound like the I in Idol or Iron. Bislama speakers will
intepret the long-I in these two words as the dipthong ae.
O O as in Open or Over. O in Bislama is pronounced oh - the long-O sound. Never will it
take on other sounds as in English, e.g., pot or women.
U U as in Salute or Jubilee. The U always will have a oo sound. Never will a U take the
uh sound such as in Under or Umpire. Bislama speakers will inteprete the U when it is
pronounced in the above two words as a.
Diphthongs
A dipthong is a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which
the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another. Examples in English are coin,
loud, and side.
There are four (4) diphthongs which occur with great frequency in Bislama. They are EI,
AE, AO,and OE.
In Bislama these dipthongs are pronounced as follows EI Pronounced like a long-A.
English
Day
Pay
Spray
Bislama
Dei
Pei
Sprei
AE Pronounced like a long-I.

English
Night
White
Island
Bislama
Naet
Waet
Aelan
AO Pronounced ow as in towel.
English
House
Flower
Ground
Bislama
Haos
Flaoa
Graon
OE Pronounced oy as in joy.
English
Noise
Boy
Join
Bislama
Noes
Boe
Joen
Summary
Letter(s)
A
E
I
O
U
EI
AE
AO
OE
English Examples
Father
Abandon
Pest
Escape
Pita
Peal
Only
Stove
Emu
Glucose
Pray
Delay
Recline
Crime
Plow
Ouch
Deploy
Royal
Bislama Examples
Tanda
Andanit
Pepa
Etkwek
Pikinini
Kilim
Popo
Moskito
Muvum
Fulap
Medeldei
Imeil
Taem
Straek
Braon
Taon
Voes
Loea
English Meanings
Thunder
Underneath
Paper
Earthquake
Child
Hit
Papaya
Mosquito
Move
Full
Midday
Email
Time
Strike
Brown
Town
Voice
Lawyer
Exercise
Practice pronouncing the following letter combinations in Bislama -
1.2
BA
KA
FA
SAS
LAS
BE
KE
FE
SES
LES
BI
KI
FI
SIS
LIS
BO
KO
FO
SOS
LOS
BU
KU
FU
SUS
LUS
Consonants
The following consonants are not used in correct written Bislama - C, Q, X, Z

However, you will come across many ni-Vanuatu who use them. In addition, because
Bislama is spoken by most people in addition to their own local language, there is a tendency
for some sounds to be pronounced in ways that show influence of local languages which
sometimes makes their transcription problematic.
The rules and guidelines that are contained in this handbook provide guidance and facilitate
learning. However, you will discover that many ni-Vanuatu have their own set of rules
concerning written Bislama. Bislama currently is a loosely structured language with few
hard and fast rules, although there are efforts undeway to standardize it.
Letter Used Letter Used

in English in Bislama Example in English
Candle
C
K
Queen
Q
KW
X-ray
X
EKS
Zero
Z
S
10
English Word as
Written in Bislama
Kandel
Kwin
Eksre
Sero
1.3
Letter Combinations
Some letter combinations in English are transliterated and pronounced as a single letter in
Bislama. They are -
1.4
English
SH
Bislama
S
CH
J or K
PH
TH
Examples in English
Ship
Shoes
Church
Chest
Channel
Christmas
Examples in Bislama
Sip
Sus
Jioj
Jes
Kanal
Krismes
Photo
Telephone
Thank you
Thirty
Foto
Telefon
Tankio
Teti
Basic Sentence Types
In English the basic sentence type is a simple sentence containing a subject or actor, a verb
SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT
and, in most cases an object or goal, thus:
For example:
(1) The elephant twisted his trunk.
(2) You can go to the beach.
(3) Paul jumped up and down.
(4) That didnt help at all.
Sentences (1) and (2) are called transitive sentences since objects are expressed in both namely trunk and to the beach. Sentences (3) and (4) are called intransitive as neither has
an object of the verb.
Transitive: Designating a verb or verb construction that expresses an action carried
from the subject to the object; requiring a direct object to complete
meaning. For example(1) My friend helped me.
(2) Julie broke her leg.
Fren blong mi i helpem mi.

Julie i brekem leg blong hem.
Intransitive: Designating a verb or verb construction that does not require or cannot
take a direct object. For example (1) The thief escaped.
Stil man i ronwei.
(2) Mary fainted. Eye blong Mary I waet.
11
The following are Bislama examples of the verbal sentence types and their English
translations Bislama Sentence
English Translation
Pikinini i krae.
The child cried.
Hem i foldaon.
He/she fell down.
Man ia i save.
This man knows.
Pita i sik tumas.
Pita is very sick.
Hem i kilim mi.
He/she hit me.
Rat i kakae taro.
The rat ate the taro
The structure of this sentence type is the same as that outlined above for English with the
addition of is what is called a predicate marker i (pronounced ee, as in bee) placed
between the subject and the verb. A predicate is the part of the sentence containing the verb.
The predicate marker marks the beginning of the verb phrase - the predicate of the
sentence.
SUBJECT + Predicate Marker + VERB + OBJECT
These types of verbal sentences are very common in Bislama as well as sentences which do
not contain a verb. This feature is common to Bislama and the other pidgin languages of the
Pacific area and is refered to as a verbless sentence.
The structure of this verbless sentence type can be represented as follows SUBJECT + Predicate Marker + OBJECT
These occur frequently and, at first, appear strange to English-speakers. Here are some
examples:
Bislama Sentence
English Translation
Pita hemi pasta.
Pita is a pastor.
Olgeta oli bisop.
They are bishops.
Wanem samting ia?
What is this/that thing?
Haos ia i blong jif.
This is the chiefs house.
12
In the first two examples, the predicate marker i is attached to the subject. The third
person singular subject- English she, he and it- translate to hem. The attachment of the
predicate marker creates the word hemi. Due to the non-standard spelling of Bislama, you
may see it written either as hemi or as hem i. The same attachment can occur to the third
person plural English they or Bislama ol which becomes oli.
Verbless sentences correspond to the English verb to be in contexts that do not address
location. This is the direct equivalent to a sentence of the type, Pat is a nurse, or This is a
big village.
13
EXERCISES #1
A.
List the four letters that are not used in Bislama and beside each, write which letter is
used instead.
Letter(s) Not Used
Letter Used Instead
B.
Spell the following in Bislama:

1) Airport
11) Telephone
____________________________
____________________________
2) Agriculture
12) Three
____________________________
____________________________
3) Church
13) Teacher
____________________________
____________________________
4) Cold
14) Young People
____________________________
____________________________
5) Clever
15) Zero
____________________________
____________________________
6) Physical Training
16) Plane
____________________________
____________________________
7) Peace Corps
17) Basket
____________________________
____________________________
8) Pineapple
18) Yam
____________________________
____________________________
9) Queen
19) Pull
____________________________
____________________________
10) Shellfish
20) Butter
____________________________
____________________________
21) Yellow
____________________________
14
C.
Think about what you had for breakfast this morning and write down each item in
English in the left hand column then write the Bislama spelling in the corresponding
place in the right hand column.
Example:
D.
English
Bislama
Water
Wota
What are the names of the two sister languages to Bislama in Melanesia that were
developed around the time of the early traders and missionaries? (Refer to the
introductory chapter What is Bislama.).
(1)
(2)
E.
Write the English words for the following Bislama words.

Bislama
English
Bas
Kantri
Rif
Drae
Rat
15
DIALOGUE 1
LONG VANUATU
IN VANUATU
Pita i storian wetem wan fren, nem blong hem

Shem. Shem i askem kwesten long Pita olsem -
Peter is chatting with a friend named Shem.

Shem asks Peter a question -
Shem: Pita, mi wantem askem wan kwesten

long yu.
Shem: Peter, I want to ask you a question.

Peter: What about, friend?
Pita: Olsem wanem fren?

Shem: Our country gained its Independence in
1980. It is not the same as before. Whats your
opinon about that?
Shem: Kantri blong yumi emi winim

Independens long 1980. Emi no olsem bifo.
Wanem tingting blong yu long hemia?
Peter: Thats right. Our country is progressing

now. It has only one government. Before we
had independence, we had two governments.
Pita: Tru ia, kantri blong yumi emi gohed nao.

Emi gat wan gavman nomo. Taem we yumi no
kasem independens yet i gat tufala govman.
Shem: Thats right! Now the path is cleared

for us to make our country progress.
Shem: Hemia nao. Rod i klia blong yumi save

gohed blong mekem kantri blong yumi i kam
antap.
Peter: Im sorry, Shem. The bus is coming, I

have to go.
Pita: Mi sori, Shem. Bas i kam nao. Bae mi

mas go.
Shem: Where are you going?
Shem: Yu go wea?
Peter: Im going to Nambatri, to my house.
Pita: Mi go long nambatri, long haos blong mi.
Shem: All right, Im going also;

to buy some food at the store.
Shem: Oraet, mi tu mi go nao blong pem kakae

long stoa.
Peter: OK, see you later.
Pita: Oraet, lukim yu bakegen.
16
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
Askem
Bas
Em
Gohed
Kakae
Kantri
Klia
Kwesten
Mo
Nem
No/Nogat
Olsem
Oraet
Ripablik
Sam
Stoa
Taem
Tru
Tufala
Wanem
Wetem
Yu
Bakegn
Fastaem
Fren
Gavman
Haos
Inglis
Kam
Kasem
Mekem
Nao
Niufala
Nomo
Pem
Rod
Sori
ENGLISH
Ask
Bus
He/she
Go ahead
Eat/food
Country
Clear
Question
And
Name
No
Like, thus
All right
Republic
Some
Store
Time, when
True, right
Two of them
What
With
You
Again
Previously
Friend
Government
House
English
Come
Catch, fetch, get
Make
Then
New
Only, just
Pay, buy
Road
Sorry
BISLAMA
Aelan
Hu
Puskat
Bisi
Baskel
Jif
Rat
Faenem
Bisop
Kambak
Rif
Fas
Drae
Kam soa
Sanbij
Flae
Hem
Krae
Sidaon
Giaman
Faol
Laekem
Skelem
Gud
Foldaon
Natalae
Strong
Laf
Gel
Plante
Taon
Spel
Storian
Tingting
Tu
Wantem
Winim
17
ENGLISH
Island
Who
Cat
Busy
Bicycle
Chief
Rat
Find
Bishop
Return, come back
Reef
Stuck
Dry
Came ashore
Beach
Fly
He, she, it
Cry
Sit
Lie
Fowl, hen
Like
Weigh
Good
Fall
Clam shell
Loudly, strong
Laugh
Girl
Many, plenty
Town
Rest
Story, chat
Think, opinion
Too, two
Want
Win, earn (money)
Unit 2: GREETINGS
Greetings in Vanuatu vary with location. Common greetings include saying Moning to
anyone you happen to meet between 5:30am and 9:00am or just Halo. Halo is used at
anytime of the day. In the evenings and at night, people say Gud naet, at both greeting and
parting. If you are lucky, you may get a smile accompanied with a little nod of the head or
raised eyebrows. In most parts of the country locals would prefer to shake your hand if they
meet you for the first time or if they havent seen you for a while. The shaking of hands is a
general ni-Vanuatu trademark for greeting other people and is basically a friendly gesture.
2.1
Common and Useful Greetings

Bislama
English
Halo
Olsem wanem? I gud?
I oraet?
I stret!
I gud!
Gudmoning
Gudnaet
Tata
Lukim yu
Nem blong mi
Hello
How are you? OK?
Are you OK?
Everythings fine/Im fine.
Im fine.
Good morning.
Good night/Good evening.
Good bye
See you later
My name is
Take Note!!
You will also come to realize that, in addition to greeting you, ni-Vanuatu people who know
you will also tend to ask where you are going and tell you where they are going even if you
didnt ask.
Sometimes this happens without them even saying halo, especially during the day. You
will frequently be greeted with Yu go wea? (Where are you going?). This is the equivalent
of Whats up? though you are expected to answer with where you are going. When asked
about your plans, such as can be seen in the two dialogues on the next page, it is not because
the ni-Vanuatu person is curious about it; its just the way people greet each other. It is a
normal courtesy, not something that is intended to be off-putting.
18
2.2
Useful Vocabulary Upon Leaving/Departing

Bislama
English
Ale mi go nao. Okay, Im leaving/Im going.

Bae mi go nao. I will leave now/I will go now.
Mi go fastaem. Im going/leaving.
2.3
Greeting Dialogues
Dialog A
K: Gud moning Mala.
Good morning Mala.
M: Eh, Kalo, moning, olsem wanem?
Hey Kalo, morning, how are you?
K: I stret be yu go wea?
Alright and where are you going?
M: Wokabaot nomo.
Just strolling.
K: Ale mi go nao.
Okay, Ill be going now.
M: Ale.
Okay.
Dialog B
J: Halo Alice, yu kam wea?
Hello Alice, where did you just come from?
A: Mi kam long maket nomo.
I just came from the Market.
J: Mi tu, mi go karem kabis nomo.
Me too, I just got some cabbage.
A: Ale Jenny, mi go fastaem.
Okay Jenny, Id better be going.
J: I gud, bae mi luk yu afta.
Thats good; Ill see you around afterwards.
19
EXERCISES #2
A.
What are the parts of a Ni-Vanuatu greeting should you expect to hear from a ni-Vanuatu
friend?
B.
From the vocabulary used in the Greeting Dialogs, predict what the two words
Ale and Bae might mean?
Ale: ______________________________________________________________
Bae: ______________________________________________________________
C.
Dialogs
(1) A Peace Corps Volunteer (PCV) went to the city on Monday and was greeted by Mr. X.
Their conversation is given in Dialogue A.
Dialog A - Monday
Mr. X: Gud morning fren. Olsem wanem? I oraet?
Good morning friend. How are you? Good?
PCV:
I oraet, be yu?
Alright - yourself?
Mr X: I stret be yu stap mekem wanem?
Fine. So, what are you up to?
PCV:
Mi wantem go long taon.
I want to go to town.
Mr X: Afta bae yu mekem wanem?
What will you do after that?
PCV:
Bae mi stap long haos nomo.
Ill be home.
Mr X: Be yestedei yu bin mekem wanem?
But what did you do yesterday?
PCV:
Yestedei mi bin go swim long riva. Be yu?
Yesterday I went and had a swim in the river. What about you?
Mr X: Yestedei mi bin go long taon.
Yesterday I went to town.
PCV:
Ale, fren mi stap go nao.
Okay friend I should be going now.
Mr X: Ale, lukim yu
Okay, see you.
PCV:
Ale, tata
Okay, bye.
(2) On Tuesday the same PCV ended up having to greet Mrs. C. What are the phrases the
PCV might be able to use? Write your answers in the spaces provided.
20
DIALOGUE B - Tuesday
Mrs C:
Gud morning fren.
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
Mrs C:
I stret be yu stap go wea?
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
Mrs C:
Afta bae yu mekem wanem long aftenun?
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
Mrs C:
Be yu bin mekem wanem yestedei?
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
Mrs C:
Mi bin go daeva long solwota.
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
Mrs C:
Ale, lukim yu.
PCV:
______________________________________________________________
21
COMPREHENSION 1
PIJIN BLONG SOLWOTA (Story from Epi)
Mi stori long wan stori abaot pijin blong solwota mo
sotleg. Wantaem tufala i stap finis tufala i go long
solwota. Tufala i go blong luk se solwota i drae o no.
Wan i talem se, Tumoro bae yumitu go long karen mo
tekem kakae i kamdaon long sanbij afta yumitu go
lukaotem sel long rif.
Taem deilaet i kam, tufala i go long karen mo karem
kakae blong tufala i kamdaon long solwota. Tufala i
putum i stap. Tufala i luk se solwota i drae. Ale, tufala
i go long rif. Tufala i wokbaot long rif mo faenem wan
sel, nem blong em natalae. Pijin blong solwota i talem
long sotleg i se, Sel ia, emi blong mi.
Be sotleg i talem, No, emi blong mi, mi faenem, emi
blong mi.
Pijin blong solwota i nomo tok mo emi stap kwaet
nomo. Sotleg i traem blong tekemaot sel ia be emi no
save tekem aot. Afta hemi askem long pijin blong
solwota se, Bae mi mekem olsem wanem blong tekem
sel blong mi?
Pijin blong solwota i talem long sotleg se, Yu putum
wan leg blong yu i go insaed long hem. Ale, bae yu
save tekemaot.
Sotleg i putum wan leg blong em i go insaed long sel ia.
Taem leg blong sotleg i go insaed, sel ia i kam sat mo i
fas long leg blong sotleg ia. Naoia leg blong Sotleg i
stap insaed. Hemi nomo save pulumaot leg blong hem
bakegen from sel ia i holem taet. Pijin blong solwota ia
i stap wokabaot long rif be sotleg, natalae ia i holem leg
blong hem. I stap kasem taem we solwota i kam fulap
bakegen. Ale, sel ia i open bakegen. Sotleg i pulumaot
lek blong hem afta hemi kam soa be pijin blong solwota
i flae i go aotsaed long solwota.
stori = tell
Pijin blong solwota = Seagull
Sotleg = Ground dove
Talem = tell, say
Karen = garden
Sel = shellfish
Delaet = dawn
Kamdaon = come down
Solwota i drae = low tide
Solwota i kam so = high tide
Tok = speak
Mo = and
Afta = then
Askem = ask
Tekemaot = remove
Olsem wanem = how
Mekem = make, do
Putum = put
Insaed = in side
Naoia tufala i badfren kasem tedei, mekem se sotleg i

nomo flae long solwota be hemi stap flae long graon
nomo.
22
Unit 3: MARKET WOKABAOT

Volunteers often walk to the marketplace to buy fresh vegetables and fruits. While at the
market you learn the names of various tropical fruits, root crops and vegetables, which come
in various shapes, sizes and colors. The following are many of the words and phrases
associated with buying goods at the market.
3.1
3.2
Useful Vocabulary for Shopping at the Market

Bislama
English
Hamas long ?
Hamas long (item) ia?
Yu salem ?
Mi wantem pem .
Wanem ia?
Wanem nem blong hemia?
Tanko tumas (blong/long) .
How much for ?

How much for this (item)?
Do you sell ?
I want to buy .
What is this?
What is the name for this?
Thank you very much for .
Quantities/Sizes/Kinds of Items
Bislama
English
Sam
Wan bandl
Tu basket
Tri rol
Fo pis
Faev plastik
Siks botel
Ol bigwan
Ol smol wan
Sas
Jip
Raep
Redi
Konkon
Swit
Some
A bundle
Two baskets
Three rolls
Four pieces
Five plastic (bags)
Six bottles
Big ones
Small ones
Expensive
Cheap
Ripe
Mature
Bitter
Sweet
23
3.3
Names of Products
English
Bislama
English
Bislama
Papaya/Pawpaw
Popo
Cassava
Manioc
Orange
Aranis
Coconut
Kokonas
Banana
Banana
Grapefruit
Pamplemus
Cucumber
Kukamba
Tomato
Tomato
Carrot
Karot
Chinese cabbage
Waet Bun
Breadfruit
Bredfrut
Sweet potato
Kumala
Watermelon
Wotamelon
Pumpkin
Pamkin
Pineapple
Paenapol
Beans
Bin
Mandarin Orange
Mandarin
Ginger
Jinja
Lemon
Lemon
Corn
Kon
Mango
Mango
Water cress
Wota kris
Passionfruit
Pasenfrut
Firewood
Faeawud
Guava
Guava
Coconut oil
Oel kokonas
Avocado
Avoka
Bell pepper
Kapsikom
Island cabbage
Aelan kabis
Yam
Yam
Taro
Taro
Taro Leaf
Taro Lif
24
3.4
Market Dialog
Vendor: Gudmoning!
Good morning.
Trainee: Gudmoning. Hamas long wan frut aranis?
Good Morning. How much for an orange?
Vendor: 50 vatu long ol bigwan mo 30 vatu long ol smol wan.
50 vatu for the big ones and 30 vatu for the small ones.
Trainee: Bae mi pem 2 smol wan mo wan bigwan.
I will buy two small ones and a big one.
Vendor: Hemi 110 vatu long evriwan.
It is 110 vatu for all of them.
Trainee: Hemia mane blong yu.
Heres your money.
Vendor: Tankiu tumas.
Thank you very much.
Trainee: I oraet, be wanem nem blong hemia?
Great, but what is the name of this?
Vendor: Oh, nem blong hemia, Navara.
Oh, its called Navara.
Trainee: Mi wantem pem wan. Hamas long hem?
I want to buy one. How much is it?
Vendor: 50 vatu long wan.
50 vatu for one.
Trainee: Hemia mani blong yu. Tankiu tumas.
Here is your money. Thank you very much.
Vendor: Tankiu tu; ale tata.
Thanks as well; okay, bye.
Trainee: Ale, lukim yu, tata.
Okay, see you, bye.
25
EXERCISES #3
A.
Translate these sentences into Bislama.
i. Whats the name for this?

__________________________________________________________________
ii. How much for this taro?
__________________________________________________________________
iii. Id like to buy some oranges.
__________________________________________________________________
iv. Thank you very much.
__________________________________________________________________
v. Id like to buy some ripe bananas.
__________________________________________________________________
B.
C.
Using arrows match these jumbled phrases.

ten rol aelan kabis
five plastic bags of lemons
tri bandel faeawud
some oranges
sam aranis
a ripe mango
faev plastik bak blong lemon
six bottles of coconut oil
siks botel oil kokonas
ten rolls of island cabbage
wan raep mango
three bundles of firewood
Spell these numbers in Bislama -
20:
_________________________________
25:
_________________________________
50:
_________________________________
100:
_________________________________
1000: _________________________________
26
DIALOG 2
LONG BANG
AT THE BANK
Long moning ol bank oli open long haf pas

eit. Pita hemi kam long taon blong go
long Vila maket. Taem market i finis,
klosap long leven oklok, hem i resis kwik
taem i go long bank blong tekemaot mane
blong pem bensin blong enjin blong hem.
Insaed long bank, hemi luk wan fren, nem
blong hem Tom.
In the morning the banks open at half past

eight. Peter came to town to go to the Vila
market. When the market was over, at
nearly 11:00 oclock, he hurried to the
bank to withdraw some money to buy fuel
for his outboard motor. Inside the bank he
sees one of his friends, Tom.
Peter: How are you, Tom? Are you OK?
Pita: Olsem wanem Tom, i gud?

Tom: Fine, Peter. What brings you here?
Tom: I gud nomo, Pita. Yu kam blong
mekem wanem?
Pita: Mi kam blong tekem smol mane
from olgeta mane blong mi i go finis
long maket.
Tom: Yes, mi tu mi kam blong tekem mane
blong wiken ia.
Pita: Praes blong bensin i go antap. Ating
bae mi kaerem aot faev taosen vatu.
Tom: Mi wantem jenisim sam dola blong
Amerika i kam long vatu. Wan turis
i pem wan plet blong mi long maket.
Pita: Yu save jenisim dola blong Amerika
mo Ostrelia i go long vatu hem i isi
nomo.
Tom: Yes, mi ting se wan dola blong
Amerika hemi klosap long wan
hanred vatu.
Pita: Hemia nao. Okay Tom, yu save
gohed nao. I no gat man i stap long
laen.
Tom: Oraet, fren. Bae mi luk yu bakegen
long nekis wik, long namba ten Julae.
Yu no fogetem miting blong komiti
blong jioj.
Pita: Thats right, bae mi no mestem.
Pita: I stret, bae mi no mestem.
Peter: Ive come to withdraw some

money, since I spent all my cash at
the market.
Tom: Yes, Ive also come to get some
money for the weekend as well.
Peter: The price for petrol has gone high.
Ill probably withdraw 5,000vt.
Tom: I would also like to change some
American dollars into vatu. A
tourist bought a plate of my food at
the market.
Peter: You can change American and
Australian dollars into vatu. Its
no problem.
Tom: Yes, I think an American dollar
would be close to a hundred vatu.
Peter: Thats right. Okay Tom, you can
take your turn, theres nobody in
line.
Tom: Okay buddy, see you again next
week, on July 10th. Dont forget
the church committee meeting.
Peter: Thats right, I wont miss it.
27
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
Antap
Ating
Basket
Bifo
Blong wanem
Brekem
Bus
Dokta
Eit
Enjin
Faet
Fis
Aranis
Bang
Bensin
Bigfala
Bodi
Botel
Buk
Digim
Dola
Faef
Finis
Fogetem
From
Go go
Gud
Hed
Hemia nao
Insaed
Klok
Krab
Nogud
Praes
Ronem
Save
Trak
Smol trak
Nidim
Waef
Wiken
Wet
Miting
Mestem
ENGLISH
On top, above, high
Probably, possibly
Basket
Before
Why
Break
Bush
Doctor
Eight
Engine
Fight
Fish
Orange
Bank
Benzine, gasoline
Big
Body
Bottle
Book
Dig
Dollar
Five
Finish, end
Forget
Because
On and on
Good
Head
Thats it
In side
Clock
Crab
Not good
Price
Chase, hunt
Can, know
Truck, car
Car
Need
Wife
Weekend
Wait
Meeting
Miss, fail
BISLAMA
Givim
Go daon
Haf
Hukum
Jenisim
Julae
Kamtru
Klosap
Longwe
Lus
Mama
Masket
Mit
Nekis
Ofis
Plet
Riva
Skin
Stanap
Stilim
Tebol
Tin
Tingbaot
Papa
Turis
Waen
Wik
Windo
Wokem
Vila
Rop
Niuwan
Wof
Sarem
Sik
Swim
Taro
Nes
Raes
Slip
Minista
Kapsaedem
Olfala
Resis
28
ENGLISH
Give
Go down
Part of, half
To hook, catch
Change
July
Arrive
Near, almost
Far
Lose, lost
Mother
Rifle
Meat
Next
Office
Plate, dish
River
Skin
Stand up
Steal
Table
Tin
Think of
Dad
Tourist
Wine
Week
Window
Work, build
Vila
Rope
New
Wharf
Close, shut
Sick
Swim
Taro
Nurse
Rice
Sleep
Minister
Tip over
Old
Run, race
Unit 4: INTRODUCTION OF SELF

The first time you meet someone who wants to talk to you, it may be a good idea to introduce
yourself. The vocabulary in this section will help you introduce yourself.
4.1
Vocabulary and Phrases for Starting Conversations

English
Bislama
Hello
Halo
How are things? OK?
Olsem wanem? I gud?
Just fine
I gud nomo
My name is
Nem blong mi...
Whats your name?
Wanem nem blong yu?
Come
Kam
I come from
Mi kam long ...
Come for/to ...
Kam blong
Come back from..
Kam bak long.
Island
Aelan
Youre welcome
I stret/ I oraet
What do you do?
Yu stap mekem wanem?
Please
Plis
I am very happy/pleased
Mi glad tumas
I am from
Mi blong .
I speak only a little Bislama
Mi toktok smol Bislama nomo
Very glad/Happy
Glad tumas
Good
Gud
Like
Laekem
Feel good/Feel happy
Harem gud
Feel bad/ not feeling well
Harem no gud
29
4.2
Introduction Dialogs
Dialog A
A: Gudmoning.
Good morning.
B: Gudmoning.
Good morning.
A: Wanem nem blong yu?
What is your name?
B: Nem blong mi Erick, be yu?
My name is Erick, and you?
A: Nem blong mi Robin, mi kam long aelan blong Tanna, be yu?
My name is Robin; I come from the island of Tanna. What about you?
B: Mi blong America mo mi kam olsem wan volentia blong Pis Kop.
I come from America and I am here as a Peace Corps Volunteer.
A: Mi glad tumas blong mitim yu.
I am so glad/happy to meet you.
B: Mi tu, mi glad tumas blong mitim yu.
Same here, Im very glad/happy to meet you.
A: Ale, lukim yu nekis taem.
Okay, see you next time.
B: Ale, ta ta.
Okay, bye!
Dialog B
C: Gud moning, olsem wanem?
Good morning. How are you?
D: I oraet, be yu?
Fine, yourself?
C: Mi oraet, be, mi save askem nem blong yu?
Im alright; can I ask your name?
D: Nem blong mi John, be yu?
My name is John, whats yours?
C: Nem blong mi Patrick. Mi wan volentia blong Pis Kop long Malekula. Be yu blong wea?
My name is Patrick. I am a Peace Corps Volunteer (working) on the island of Malekula. So
where are you from?
D: Mi blong Santo mo mi wan student blong Malapoa College.
I am from (the island of) Santo and I am a student at Malapoa College
C: Mi glad tumas blong mitim yu.
(I am so glad to meet you.)
D: Mi tu, mi glad tumas blong mitim yu.
Likeiwse, Im so glad to meet you.
C: Ale.
Okay.
D: Ale, tata.
30
Okay, bye.
31
EXERCISES #4
This is a jumbled dialogue of a conversation between a Peace Corps Volunteer (PCV) and a
local from the island of Santo. Arrange the sentences so that the dialogue makes sense in a
Bislama conversation.
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
PCV:
Local:
Halo fren.
Mi blong America be yu?
Mi stap wokem karen nomo.
Nem blong mi Andy, be yu?
Ale, tata.
Halo.
Olsem wanem?
I stret be yu?
Mi glad tumas blong mitim yu. Bae mi lukim yu samtaem bageken.
I oraet. Ale lukim yu.
Mi oraet. Wanem nem blong yu?
I gud, mi laekem Karen. Mi stap wok wetem ol fiuja farmer blong Vanuatu.
Nem blong mi Vuro. Be yu blong wea?
Mi wok olsem wan Volentia blong Pis Kop. Be yu wok wea?
Mi blong South Santo. Be yu stap wokem wanem?
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
PCV:
_______________________________________________________________
32
Local:
_______________________________________________________________
COMPREHENSION 2
Read the following story and answer
the following questions in English.
OL WELFIS
Nem blong mi, Sempet Naritantop. Bae mi storian long
wan moa kastom storian. Storian ia hemi go olsem:
I gat wan man long Potnarvin emi stap long wan ples
wetem woman blong em, emia saot long Erromango we
oli kolem Unulmar. Man ia nem blong em Rungu, be mi
no save nem blong woman blong em. Olgeta i stap long
long Unulmar. Man ia, plante man oli stap go luk em
blong emi mekem lif blong ol frut olsem bretfrut,
namambe, nandao, ol kaen frut olsem. Hemi stap karem
lif blong em mo mekem i go long laplap yam mo i stap
go fidim ol welfis mo ol welfis ia nao em i stap wosipim
olgeta blong oli stap givim ol frut long ol man.
Plante taem we emi stap mekem karen, emi mekem wan
blong em, mo wan blong olgeta welfis ia mo taem emi
stap mekem laplap emi mekem difren laplap blong ol
welfis mo difren wan blong em mo waef blong em.
Oltaem emi stap mekem olsem, be samtaem sapos emi
no mekem, ol welfis ia oli stap kam singaotem em blong
givim kakae long olgeta, oli stap singaot Rungio, be
man ia nem blong em Rungu. Be from kakae we ol
welfis oli stap kakae mifala i singaotem io mekem se
oli singaotem hem Rungio. Taem we emi harem olsem,
emi karem laplap mo go givim long olgeta.
Plante taem ol man i kam askem mo em nomo i stap
mekem olsem go go wantaem woman blong em i talem
long em se,
Man, mi mi stap hadwok blong mekem laplap ia, be mi
neva luk ol welfis ia, yu wan nomo yu stap go luk olgeta.
Bambae tedei yumitu go.
Be man blong emi talem se, No, samting ia em tabu
blong ol woman i luk.
bambae = will (future marker)

kastom = traditional
saot
= south
kolem = to call
be
= but
stap go = to go
mekem lif = to make magic
nandao = lychee friut
namambe = chestnut
laplap = pudding
fidim
= feed
wosip
= to worship
blong
= so that
mekem karen = To garden
kakae
= food
oltaem
= Continually
sapos
= if
singaotem = to call to
taem
= when
katem
= to cut, shorten
we
= which
wantaem = once
hadwok
= to work hard
lukluk
= look at, see
yu wan nomo = only you
samting ia = this thing
tabu
= forbidden
strong
= obstinate
tedei
= Today
Be woman blong em I strong. Nao hemi mekem man ia i

se, Oraet tedei nao bae yumitu go luk.
33
Taem tufala i mekem laplap finis, tufala i karem i go.

Taem tufala i go stanap olsem blong givim kakae, man ia
i sakem kakae i go, be ol welfis oli no wantem kakae. I
gat wan welfis we emi stap lidim ol fren blong em i kam,
em i kros. Nao emi jam long solwota olsem ia, i putum
tel blong em i stap daon long solwota be emi stanap stret
nomo long solwota. Taem man ia i luk olsem, emi tanem
em mo talem long woman blong em se,
finis
Yu luk, mi talem long yu finis se bae yu stap, mi nomo

mi kam, be yu mekem naoia ol samting ia oli kros nao.
Naoia kwiktaem bae yumitu go bak long haos. Ating bae
wan samting bae i hapen long yumitu.
tanem
= to turn around
kasem
= as far as
semtaem = at the same time
ded
= dead
wan samting = something
hapen
= happen
kwiktaem = quick
Tufala i go bak long haos. Taem tufala i go kasem haos

olsem woman blong em i ded sem taem. Afta, i no long
taem man ia tu i ded.
= complete action
stanap
= to stand
sakem
= to throw
lidim
= to lead
kros
= angry
jam
= jump
tel
= tail
stap daon = to be down
Comprehension questions:
(1)
What is the narrators name?
(2)
How many human characters are there in the story?
(3)
To whom did Rungu give the laplap?
(4)
Why did he do this?
(5)
What was his wifes reaction?
(6)
What did she want to do?
(7)
What happened when Rungu threw the food down to the whales?
(8)
Why were the whales angry?
(9)
What did Rungu then say to his wife?
(10)
What happened to the couple when they reached home?
34
Unit 5: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE TENSES

5.1
Present Tense Indicators

Naoia
Now
Stap
At present (refers to ongoing action)
When naoia or stap is used in a Bislama sentence, it indicates the present tense.
5.2
Future Tense Indicator

Bae/Bambae
will do something.
(An m is sometimes placed in front of the words to make mbae or mbambae.)

Compare the two sentences below:
Bislama
English
Mi go long taon.
Im going to town. (i.e., now)

I went to town.
Bae mi go long taon.
I will go to town.
The first sentence doesnt specify tense. The hearer knows the tense of the verb by the
context. In the second sentense, however, the use of bae (or bambae) before the subject
means that this sentence is referring to the future. (Note: Bae (or bambae) can occur in
many different places in a sentence.)
5.3
Past Tense Indicators

Jas (tes)
Just
(to have just done something.)
Bin
Been
(past activities.)
Finis
Finished (completed action/something already done)
Notes: Bin is most commonly used when time occurred of event is not given.
In a number of areas of Vanuatu jas is pronounced as tes.
35
Now, compare these two sentences:
Bislama
English
Alfred hemi wokabaot long bus.
Alfred has been walking in the bush.

Alfreds going to walk in the bush.
Alfred is walking in the bush.
Alfred hemi bin wokabaot long bus.
Alfred walked/has been walking in the bush.
Again, the first sentence can refer to the past, the present or the future depending on the
context. When bin is added after the predicate marker, or before the verb, the sentence refers
to past time. Unlike bae (or bambae), bin must occur between the predicate marker and the
verb. Similarly, jas and finis in sentences also indicate action in past tense.
5.4
Examples Indicating Tense
Naoia Present Tense
Mi wantem tokktok wetem yu naoia.

I want to talk with you now.
Naoia hemi taem blong go long haos.

Now its time to go home.
Yumi mas statem wok naoia.

We must/have to start work now.
Stap Present Tense (indicates ongoing action)
Mi stap klapem han blong mi.

I am clapping my hands.
Mi stap kakae yet.

I am still eating.
Yufala i stap mekem wanem.

What are you doing?
Stap & Naoia combined Present Tense

(Note: Naoia translates now/this time)
Mi stap kakae naoia.

I am eating now.
Mi stap toktok long yu naoia.

I am now talking to you now.
36
Bae (Mbae, Bambae, Mbambae) Future Tense
Bae yumi mit bakegen samtaem.

We will meet again sometime.
Mbae mi go kakae.
I am going to eat.
Bambae mi go silip.
I am going to sleep.
Jas Past Tense
Mi jas kambak long taon.

I just returned from town.
Mi jas Kakae nomo.

Ive just eaten.
Bin Past Tense
Mi bin go long taon long moning.

I went to town this morning.
Mi bin tuarem Ostrelia las yia.

I toured Australia last year.
Tufala i bin wok long kontena sip bifo.

Those two have worked on a cargo ship before.
Finis Past Tense (refers to a completed action)
Rebecca i kakae finis.

Rebecca has eaten.
Hem i kambak long haos finis.

He/She has returned to the house.
Mifala i finis danis nao.

We are done dancing now.
37
EXERCISES #5
A. Write the Bislama tense indicators.
i. Present Tense: _____________________________

_____________________________
ii. Future Tense: _____________________________
_____________________________
iii. Past Tense:
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
B. Write three sets of three short sentences using each of the three tenses in each set.
i. ______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
ii. _____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
iii. _____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
38
Unit 6: BLONG
Blong (most often pronounced blow) is used frequently in Bislama and in many different
contexts. Below are some its uses.
6.1
6.2
6.3
Blong Indicating Belonging To or Possession

Bislama
English
Haos blong mi.
My house.
Naef blong yu.
Your knife
Haos blong mifala.
Our house.
Wil blong trak.
The wheel of the truck.
Pikinini blong hem.
His/Her child.
Blong + Hu Meaning Whose?

Bislama
English
Leta blong hu ia?
Whose letter is this?
Buk ia blong hu?
Whose book is this/that?
Blong Indicating Function or Purpose For

Bislama
English
Taem blong stadi.
Time to study.
Kokonas blong
planem.
Coconuts for planting.
Buk blong rid.
Reading book.
Wota blong drink.
Drinking water.
39
6.4
6.5
Blong Indicating Reason for Action

Bislama
English
Mi go long taon blong pem bred.
I went to town to buy bread
Mi go long skul blong lanem

samting.
I go to school to learn things.
Mi kam blong pentem haos.
I came to paint the house.
Blong Describing Character of Identity

Bislama
English
Hemi man blong drink.
He is a drunkard.
Hemi man blong toktok.
He is talkative.
Hemi woman blong wok.
She is a hardworking woman.
Hemi blong Tanna.
He/she is from Tanna.
EXERCISES #6
A.
Indicate where blong fits in the following sentences by placing a small star between the
words.
For example; Hed * Ronald i soa tumas.
i.
Mi wantem klaem wan tri kokonas mifala i dring.(I want to climb coconuts for us to drink.)
ii.
Susan i kam luk mi. (Susan came to see me.)
iii.
Olgeta ofisa Polis i kam wan ples. (The Police officers came from the same place.)
iv.
Bigfala haos hu ia? (Whose big house is it?)
v.
Kevin hemi wan man wok. (Kevin is a hardworking man.)
vi.
Famli mi i go long Solwota. (My family went to the beach.)
vii.
Brata Rebecca i kam tedei long moning. (Rebeccas bother came this morning.)
viii. Adam i man futbol. (Adam is a football player.)

ix.
Tumoro bae mifala i go long haos Loren. (Tomorrow we will go to Lorens house.)
40
x.
A.
John hemi man bus. (John is a bushman.)
If a pigs tusk is tut blong pig and a mango seed is sid blong mango and blade
of a saw is tut blong so, write down how you would say the following things in
Bislama.
i.
Crabs claw_____________________________________________________________
ii.
Blade of an axe__________________________________________________________
iii.
Watermelon seed________________________________________________________
iv.
Birds wing_____________________________________________________________
v.
Lions teeth_____________________________________________________________
B.
Using arrows, match the usages of blong with the correct Bislama example.
Blong Usage
1. BLONG used to indicate
possession or ownership.
Bislama Example
1. Mi kam blong wok olsem
wan Pis Kop Volentia.
2. BLONG HU? whose?
2. Windo blong haos.
3. BLONG indicating the

function or purpose.
3. Jerry i wan man blong daeva.

4. Sus blong hu ia?
4. BLONG indicating reason for

action.
5. Naef blong katem wud.
5. BLONG describing the

character or identity of a person.
6. C-draev blong komputa.

7. Hemi wan man blong bush.
8. Wan buk blong hu ia?
41
DIALOG 3
LONG MAKET
AT THE MARKET
Misis Jons hem i go long maket wetem haos

gel blong em, Evelin. Long Vila i gat maket
tri taem long evri wik, long Wenesdei, long
Fraede mo long Sarere. Taem ol turis i kam
long Vanuatu long stima, samtaem oli
mekem wan narafala maket bakegen.
Mrs Jones goes to the market with her house

girl, Evelin. In Vila there is a market three
times a week, on Wednesdays, Fridays and
Saturdays. When tourists come to Vanuatu
on a cruise ship there is yet another market.
Mrs J: Evelin, yumi hariap blong go long

maket. Sipos yumi no go daon kwiktaem,
bae yumi mestem ol gudfala kakae.
Evelin: Oraet Misis. Mi tekem basket blong
mi. Mi kam kwiktaem.
Mrs J: Mi wantem pem sam kokonas, mo
eni kaen salad fastaem. Sipos i gat, bae mi
karem sam banana tu.
Evelin: Yes, luk, Misis, woman ia i gat sam
gudfala grin kokonas.
Mrs J: Emi hamas long wan?
Evelin: Oli 30 vatu long wan.
Mrs J: Yu talem se bambae yumi tekem fo
long wan handred vatu.
Evelin: I gud, Misis. Woman ia em i talem
se yu save tekem long praes ia. Wanem mo
yu wantem pem?
Mrs J: Yu traem faenem sam aelan kabis,
Evelin. Wan narafala samting mi wantem,
emi tuluk we olgeta woman blong Mele i
mekem.
Evelin: Mi luk tuluk finis. Emi stap daon
long saed i go long Postofis. Bae mi traem
karem sam, be ating praes i go antap tumas,
olsem 50 vatu long wan.
Mrs J: Oh Evelin, mi fogetem aranis. Yu
save pem wan basket plis. Emi naf long
wan wik. Tufala pikinini blong mi i laekem
ol aranis blong Lelepa from we oli swit
tumas.
Mrs J: Evelin, we'd better hurry to the

market. If we don't go down quickly, we'll
miss all the good food.
Evelin: All right, maam. I haven't forgotten
my basket. Im coming right away.
Mrs J: I want to buy some coconuts and
some salads first - and, if there are some, I
will get bananas as well.
Evelin: Yes, look maam, this lady has some
good green coconuts.
Mrs J: How much is it for one?
Evelin: They cost 30 vatu each.
Mrs J: Tell her we will take four for a
hundred vatu.
Evelin: That is fine maam. This woman
says you can take them for that price. What
else do you want to buy?
Mrs J: Try and look for island cabbage,
Evelin. Another thing I want is tuluk made
by the women from Mele.
Evelin: I saw some tuluk already. They are
on the side towards the post office. I will try
and get some but the price has probably really
gone up, to 50 vatu each.
Evelin: Mi wantem pem wan basket taro

blong famli blong mi tu, be praes i hae
tumas - 500 vatu long wan smol basket.
Ating i moa gud sipos mi livim taro.
Bambae mi pem sam maniok.
Mrs J: Oraet, Evelin, yumi go bak long
haos nao. Yu save karem evri samting? Trak
blong yumi i stap longwe lelebet.
Mrs J: Oh Evelin, I forgot oranges. Please

buy one basket. That will be enough for a
week. Both my children like Lelepa oranges,
since they are very sweet.
Evelin: I want to buy a basket of taro for my
family too, but the price is too high - 500 vatu
for a small basket. Its probably better to
leave out the taro. I'll buy some manioc
instead.
Mrs J: All right Evelin, we'll go home now.
Can you manage everything? Our car is rather
a long way away.
Evelin: Yes, maam.
Evelin: Yes, Misis
42
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
angekejif
bihaen
bislama
blong hu
bonem
danis
faenem
folem
fraede
futbol
hariap
hil
kamaot
kaon
kapten
lanem
lelebet
livim
lusum
mek noes
handkerchief
after/later
bislama
whose
burn
dance
find
follow
Friday
soccer
hurry
hill
come from
loan/credit
captain
learn
somewhat, a little
leave
lose/lost
make noise
bambu
bildem
blo
blong wanem
but
devel
fiva
foto
franis
grin
harem gud
kabis
kampani
kaori
kwaet
lanwis
Lelepa
layaken
medel
Mele Vilej
bamboo, flute
build
blow
why
shoe
devil, spirit
malaria
photo
France, French
green
feel well
cabbage
company
kaori tree
quiet
language
Lelepa
lawyer cane
middle
Mele Village
43
Unit 7: LONG
Although long (frequently pronounced low) sounds similar to blong it is used quite
differently. Here are some of its meanings.
7.1
Long Used to Point to a Location

Bislama
English
Long wei
Over there/ Far

away
Klosap long
Near/close to
Narasaed long
Opposite/beside
Kam long
From
Examples
Bislama
English
Fredi i stap long wei
Freddy is over there
Yut senta i stap klosap long Fres

Wota Skul
Youth Center is close to Fresh

Water School
Stoa i stap narasaed long bang
The store is opposite the bank
Ruth i kam long Niu Silan
Ruth comes from New Zealand
7.2 Long Used to Describe an Instrument/Means of Transport
Bislama
English
Mi kam long trak.
I came by truck.
Mi sutum fis ia long masket.
I shot that/this fish with a spear gun.
44
Bata i isi long katem long naef.
7.3
Butter is easy to cut with a knife.
Long Used as a Preposition

Bislama
English
Long
On
Long
In
Andanit long
Underneath
Insaed long
Into
Narasaed long
Beside
Other positional words are -
Bislama English
Bislama English
Antap
On top
Baksaed
Backside
Insaed
Inside
Bihaen
Behind
Aotsaed
Outside
Foret
Front
Klosap
Close up/near
Saed
Side
Raetsaed
Right side
Saed ia
This side
Lefsaed
Left side
Saed i go
That side
Examples
Bislama
English
Bred i stap long tebol.
Bread is on the table.
Sip i kam long moning.
The ship came in the morning.
45
7.4
Wan geko i stap andanit long

ston.
A gecko is under the stone.
Rebecca i jam insaed long reva.
Rebecca jumps into the river.
Mi stap sitdaon narasaed long yu.
Im sitting beside you.
Long Used as an Interrogative

Bislama
English
Long wea
Where
Long
At
Examples
Bislama
English
Yu kam long wea?
Where do you come from?
Patrik i stap long stoa.
Patrick is at the store.
Yumi silip long naet.
We sleep at night.
46
EXERCISES #7
A. Write down the four different uses of the Bislama word long.
i. LONG - _______________________________________________________________________
ii. LONG - _______________________________________________________________________
iii. LONG - _______________________________________________________________________
iv. LONG - _______________________________________________________________________
B. Write in English the usage of long and its translation for each of the following sentences. For
example: Kofi I stap long tebol Preposition (on).
i.
Pis Kop Ofis i stap long

wei.______________________________________________________
ii.
Haos blong Lance i stap klosap long post

ofis.________________________________________
iii.
Bae yumi go long aelan long ship._________________________________________________
iv.
Mifala i kambak long Tanna yestedei.______________________________________________
v.
Mi wantem sitdaon narasaed long Patrick.___________________________________________
vi.
Putum sam suka long ti blong yu.__________________________________________________
vii. Bas bae i kam long 10

oklok._____________________________________________________
viii. Wan rat i stap andanit long haos blong

mi.___________________________________________
ix.
Stoa i stap long wea?___________________________________________________________
x.
Mifala i stap swim long solwota.__________________________________________________
47
COMPREHENSION 3
VOLKENO BLONG LOPEVI (Epi)
Mi stori long faea we oli kolem volkeno, we i stap long Lopevi.
Wantaem long wan Sande long aftenun, emi wantem kamdaon.
Long Sande long aftenun emi faerap. Taem we i faerap, wota i
kamaot long em i kamdaon, faea i laet bihaen. Tufala i
kamdaon, wota i go fastaem long solwota, faea i kam bihaen. I
bonem ol wud mo ston. Faea i laet long soa, i kam kasem long
solwota. Emi laet long solwota tu. Taem we ol man oli luk faea
ia i kamdaon wetem wota, oli ran i go long saed we faea i no
kamdaon long em. Oli go stap wanples long ples ia. Oli stap
andanit long wan tri, oli kolem nambanga. Oli stap wet long
wan sip bae i kam pikimap olgeta blong go long wan narafala
aelan. Long nara dei, wan sip i kam tekem olgeta oli go stap
long aelan blong Paama. Gavman i kam luk olgeta, i talem se:
"oh, yumi lukaot wan ples blong yumi tekem yufala i go stap
long em"
Oli tekem jif wetem sam moa man, oli kam raon long Epi, oli
wantem faenem wan ples blong oli stap. Taem oli kam askem
long Epi, olgeta long Epi oli talem se wan ples i stap, blong
B.P. Sipos yufala wantem, yufala go askem long B.P bae oli
kam stap long em. Gavman i askem long B.P.
B.P. i letem. Gavman i pemaot. oli go tekem olgeta long Paama
bakegen i kam stap long Epi, long ples ia. Naoia oli stap long
ples ia i go kasem tedei. Emia stori blong volkeno long Lopevi.
Flaea=fire
Stap=happen
Wantaem=once
Sande=Sunday
Faerap=erupt
Wota=lava
Bihaen=behind
Bonem=burn
Wud=tree
Tufala=both
Si=sea, ocean
Folem=follow
Soa=shore
Kasem=as far as
Stap wanples=stay together
ples=place
Andanit=under
Nambangka=banyan
Wet=wait
Sip=ship
Pikimap=pick up
narafala=another
Ale=then, all
Paama=Paama
Read the following story and answer the following questions in English.
(1) Where was the volcano?
(2) When did the eruption take place?
(3) Which came out first, the lava or the fire?
(4) Where did they end up?
(5) Where did the people take shelter?
(6) What did they wait for?
(7) Where did the relief ship take them?
(8) Where did they find some new land?
(9) To whom did this land belong?
(10) What was the result of the negotiations?
48
Unit 8: BISLAMA PRONOUNS

Pronouns in Bislama indicate number (i.e., singular: hem - he, she, it - vs. plural olgeta -they)
but not gender. The third person singular pronoun, hem, is used irrespective of the gender of
its object.
8.1
Pronoun Forms
Bislama pronouns are Singular
yu, mi, hem
Dual
yutufala, mitufala, tufala, yumitu
Trial
yutrifala, mitrifala, trifala, yumitri
Plural
Yufala, mifala, olgeta, yumi
Note: Ol is the short form of olgeta, which means they/them.
8.2
Direct Speech
Talking directly to the person or the people concerned, pronouns to use are -
8.3
1st Person
mi, mifala, mitufala, mitrifala
2nd Person
yu, yutufala, yutrifala, yufala
Inclusive
yumi, yumitufala, yumitrifala
Indirect Speech
Talking to someone about a third person or some other people pronouns to use are 3rd Person
8.4
st
hem, tufala, trifala, olgeta
Pronoun Summary Chart
1 Person
Inclusive
2nd Person
3rd Person
SINGULAR
mi
-yu
DUAL
mitufala
yumitufala
yutufala
TRIAL
mitrifala
yumitrifala
yutrifala
PLURAL
mifala
yumi
yufala
hem
tufala
trifala
olgeta
49
Examples
Bislama
English
Mi go nao.
Im going.
Mitufala i go nao.
We (the two of us, but not you) are going.
Mitrifala i go nao.
We (the three of us, but not you) are going.
Mifala i go nao.
We (several of us but not you) are going.
Yumitrifala i go nao. We (the three of us, are going) are going.

Yumitufala i go nao.
We (you and I) are going.
Yumi go nao.
We (several of us including you) are going.
Yu go nao.
You (singular) are going.
Yutrifala i go nao.
You (the three of you) are going.
Yutufala i go nao.
You (the two of you) are going.
Yufala i go nao.
You (plural) are going.
Hem i go nao.
He (She/It) is going.
Tufala i go nao.
They (the two of them) are going.
Trifala i go nao.
They (the three of them) are going.
Olgeta i go nao.
They (plural) are going.
More Examples
Bislama
English
Mi wantem lukim yu.
I want to see you.
Hem i stap go wea?
Where is he/she going?
Yutufala i blong wea?
Where do you two come

from?/Where are the two of you
from?
Mitrifala i bin kakae laplap.
We (the three of us) ate laplap.
Olgeta i save mi.
They know me.
Tufala i jas mared nomo.
They (Him and Her) just got

married.
50
Bae mitufala i silip smol.
8.4
We (two of us but not you) will take

a short nap.
Pronouns and Predicate Markers
The following pronouns must immediately be followed by the predicate marker i when
they are the subject of the sentence hem, yutufala, mitufala, tufala, yutrifala, mitufala, trifala yufala, mifala, olgeta.
For example: Olgeta i stap kakae.
They are eating.
Tufala i go bak long haus.
Those two are going back to the house now.
Bae mifala i go long maket long 10 oklok.
We are going to the market at 10:00.
The following pronouns do not require an i anywhere in a sentence mi, yu, yumi, yumitu, yumitri.
No object in a sentence is followed by the predicate marker, because it is not the active agent
in the sentence.
EXERCISES #8
A.
List all the Bislama pronouns and their meanings.
i.
________________________ ___________________________
ii.
________________________ ___________________________
iii.
________________________ ___________________________
iv.
________________________ ___________________________
v.
________________________ ___________________________
vi.
________________________ ___________________________
vii.
________________________ ___________________________
viii.
________________________ ___________________________
ix.
________________________ ___________________________
x.
________________________ ___________________________
xi.
________________________ ___________________________
xii.
________________________ ___________________________
xiii.
________________________ ___________________________
51
xiv.
________________________ ___________________________
xv.
________________________ ___________________________
A.
List five (5) of the pronouns indicating direct speech?
i.
__________________________________
ii.
__________________________________
iii.
__________________________________
iv.
__________________________________
v.
__________________________________
B.
List the four (4) pronouns indicating indirect speech
i.
__________________________________
ii.
__________________________________
iii.
__________________________________
iv.
__________________________________
C.
Translate into bislama
i.
We are going to the store:_________________________________________
ii. You two must sleep now:_________________________________________

iii. They are from America:__________________________________________
iv. We (but not you) are going to the ocean:_____________________________
v. Those three are from Tanna:_______________________________________
vi. Where is he from?:______________________________________________
52
DIALOG 4
53
LONG TANNA
Olgeta turis long Vanuatu ol i laekem
wokbaot i go long Tanna blong visitim
volkeno blong aelan ia. Plante man we
oli stap wok long Vila ol i laekem go
spel long aelan ia tu. Misis Jones em i
go long ofis blong Ea Vanuatu blong
pem tiket blong famli blong em.
Mrs J: Gud moning, Jems. Mifala i
wantem go spel long Tanna nekis wik.
Plen i stap go long Tanna long Tusde?
James: Yes Misis. I gat plen i go long
Tanna evri dei. Yufala evriwan i
wantem go long Tusde, namba ten Mei?
Mrs J: Hemia nao. Dokta Jones, mi
wetem tufala pikinini.
James: Oraet. Mi makem finis nem
blong yufala.
Mrs J: Mi no visitim Tanna bifo. Oli
talem se i gat samfala Kest haos long
Lenakel.
James: Hemia nao, Misis. Yu wantem
mi askem wan bangalo blong yufala?
Mrs J: Yes, Jems. Sipos i gat wan we i
gat fo bed i stap insaed, hemia nao rum
we mifala i wantem.
James: I gud nomo olsem. Bambae
yufala i stap hamas dei long Tanna?
Mrs J: Wan wik nomo. Stat long namba
10 Mei go kasem namba 16 Mei.
James: Long namba ten, plen blong
yufala bae emi aot long leven klok, mo
long namba sikistin bambae plen i lego
Tanna long fo klok long aftanun.
Mrs J: Oraet. Wanem samting mifala i
save luk long Tanna?
IN TANNA
All tourists in Vanuatu like to travel to
Tanna to visit the volcano on that island.
Plenty of people who work in Vila like to
take holidays on that island too. Mrs
Jones goes to the Air Vanuatu office to buy
tickets for her family.
Mrs J: Good morning, James. We want
to go to Tanna for a break next week. Is
there a plane to Tanna on Tuesday?
James: Yes, Madam. Theres a plane to
Tanna every day. Do you all want to go
on Tuesday, on May 10th .
Mrs J: That's correct - Dr. Jones and I
and the two children.
James: All right. I've already written in
your names.
Mrs J: I haven't visited Tanna before.
They say there are some Guest houses in
Lenakel.
James: That's right, maam. Would you
like to reserve a bungalow?
Mrs J: Yes, James. If theres one with
four beds; thats what we want.
James: That's good then. How many days
do you want to stay on Tanna?
Mrs J: Just one week, begining on the
May 10th through to 16th May.
James: On May 10th your plane will leave
at 11 o'clock, and on the 16th you will
leave Tanna at four o'clock in the
afternoon.
Mrs J: All right. What are all the things
to see on Tanna?
54
James: I gat plante samting, Misis.

Nambawan samting hemi volkeno long
Waet San, klosap long Salfabei. Hemi
stap faerap oltaem mo graon i seksek.
Mrs J: Wanem moa?
James: Yufala i save wokbaot long
medel bus blong visitim gud aelan ia.
Taem yufala i godaon long solwota long
Waet krass, yufala i save luk ol wael hos
we i stap resis olbaot.
Mrs J: I gud tumas. Bambae mifala i
traem rentem wan trak blong wokbaot
raon long aelan.
James: I mo gud sipos yufala i go wetem
draeva blong Tour Vanuatu from we i
save gud ol rod long Tanna.
Mrs J: Tangkyu tumas Jems
James: Theres plenty to see, Maam. The

first thing is the volcano at White Sands,
close to Sulfur Bay. It is active all the
time and the earth shake when it erupts.
Mrs J: What else?
James: You can go for a trip to middle
bush so you can experience the real island
life. If you get to the coast at White Grass
you can see wild horses.
Mrs J: Very good. We'll try to rent a
truck to travel around the island.
James: It would be better if you go with
the Tour Vanuatu driver, as he knows the
Tanna roads well.
Mrs J: Thank you so much James.
55
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
Aesbokis
Bel
Bonem
Disfela
Fes
Givimbak
Holidei
Katen
Koprativ
Refrigerator
Stomach
Burn/Give birth
This, that
Face, front
Give back/retaliate
Holiday
Carton
Co-operative
Jamdaon
Komiti
Leftemap
Luksave
Makas
Manis
Nambas
Nawita
Pis
Jump down
Committee
Lift
Understand
Residue
Month
Penis wrapper
Squid
Piece/Peace
Pilo
Mak
Man ples
Mun
Suga
Poen
Pillow
Mark
'Local
Moon
Sugar
Point
Rasta
Snek
Wan
Wea
From
Mekem se
Rust
Snake
One, a, an
Where
Because
So, so that
56
Unit 9: HEM AND EM

The main difference is the spelling of the two words, hem and em. The pronunciation of the
two words in Bislama is exactly the same. Their meanings are -.
Hem He/ she/it
Em He/she/it
Hemi He is/She is/It is
Emi He is/ She is/It is
Wehem Where is (referring to something/someone)
Wem Where is (referring to something/someone)
Example dialoque using Hem Wehem Sera?

Hemi go long taon
Hem wetem hu?
Hemi go wetem Tom
Olsem wanem long smol dog blong hem
Hem i stap
Where is Sera?
Shes gone/went to town.
Who did she go with?
She went with Tom.
How about her puppy.
Its here.
The same dialogue using Em Wem sera?

Em i go long taon.
Em i go wetem hu?
Em wetem Tom.
Olsem wanem long smol dog blong em?
Em i stap.
Where is Sera?
Shes gone/She went to town.
Who did she go with?
She went with Tom
How about her puppy?
Its here.
Note: Hem and em are used identically. In addition, their sounds and pronunciation are
also the same. The only difference is in their spellings. However, their usage varies on
different islands. For instance, on Tanna youll find that hem is more frequently used than
em. On Efate em is more used than hem. Which form you use will depend on your island.
57
EXERCISES #9
A. What is the Bislama word for each of the following?
He/ She/ It
________________________________
He is/ She is/ It is
________________________________
Where is
________________________________
B. Arrange the following words to make complete and grammatically correct sentences.
i. naef, long, mi, givim, hem

ii. naes, aelan, hemi, wan, smol
iii. stap, emi, basket, long, mi, blong
iv. charles, we hem, ?
v. taon, hem, i, go, long
vi. stap, em, i
C. Answer the following questions in Bislama using Hem and Em.
For example -- Q: Wehem Kevin?

A: Hem i stap long skul.
i. Wehem mama blong yu?

ii. Wanem nem blong bes fren blong yu?
iii. Papa blong yu i gat wan trak?
58
COMPREHENSION 4
Read the following story and answer the following questions in English.
MIUSEK LONG VANUATU (Aneityum)
Naoia bae yufala i harem wan nara kaen instrument or
samting blong pleplei long em long saed long kastom blong
Tanna. Emia emi bambu.
Long Vanuatu bifo i gat plante plante aelan we oli yusum
bambu blong mekem ol miusik. Be naoia i gat sam aelan
nomo we oli stap yusum bambu. Mo kaen bambu ia we
bambae yumi harem oli plei long em, yu save faenem long
Santo mo samples long Tanna. Mi save se i gat plante aelan
tu bifo oli gat bambu olsem, be naoia i gat wan o tu man
nomo i save.
Be emia nao wok blong mifala long Kaljoral Senta, mifala i
traem blong rikodem ol samting olsem mo enkaregem ol
olfala we oli save blong yusum ol bambu mo ol olfala stori o
samting olsem blong tijim ol yangfala long em blong oli
harem i go on blong fiuja blong Vanuatu. I gat plante fasin
we ol man i yusum bambu blong bloem. I gat sam we oli blo
long wan bambu nomo. Mo i gat sam we ol man i fasem
plante mekem bamboo tugeta; afta oli blo long em. Be emia
we bae yufala i harem naoia, oli fasem oli laen, mo i gat eit
bambu. I gat wan longfala wan long en, afta oli katkatem i
kam sotfala go go kasem laswan. Las bamboo long laen nao
em i sotfala gud. Mo oli mekem ol defren saon. Man we bae i
blo long bambu naoia, nem blong em Ham Rowar. Taem
emi mekem tep ia, emi gat fiftin yia noma, mo emi blong
vilej blong Yetkerier long Kwamera, Saotis Tanna. Bambae
em i blo long bambu we oli fasem long wan streit laen.
nara=other, another
bambu=bamboo, pan-pipe
yusum=use
kaen=type, kind
rikodem=record
fiuja=future
fasem=tie
laen=line
en=end
tep=tape
Kaljoral Senta= Cultural center
encouragem= Encourage
yangfala= Teenagers
bloem= To blow
bambu = Bamboo
(1) Where is the bamboo still played today?
(2) What is the work of the Cultural Centre as discussed?
(3) What is the purpose of this work?
(4) What kinds of flute are discussed?
(5) What kind of flute is played in the recording?
(6) How many pipes does it have?
(7) What is the name of the flute-player?
(8) How old was he when he made the recording?
59
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
Aftenun
Blokem
Delaet
Medel dei,
Gel
Draon
Eli
Eprel
Fasin
Fiuja
Helpem
Afternoon
Prevent, block
Daylight
Midday
Daughter
Sink, drown
Early
April
Way, manner
Future
Help
Amerika
Bom
Disemba
Doa
Draevem
Eafil
En
Evriwan
Februari
Fraede
Jenuware
America
Bomb
December
Door
Drive
Airfield
End
Everyone
February
Friday
January
Jun
Kampas
June
Compass
Julae
Kamap
July
Rise
Laef
Letem
Life
Permit, allow
Kastom
Laen
Tradition
Line
Maj
Mei
Aftenun
March
May
Afternoon
Maet
Mande
Minit
Perhaps
Monday
Minute
60
Unit 10: GAT

I gat is a commonly used phrase with four uses related to the English infinitive to be there is, there are, there were and there will be. Its negative form i no gat translates as
there is no . In addition, gat is sometimes used alone to designate the presence of a
characteristic consistent with the meanings of to be or has in English.
10.1 I Gat Meaning There Is

Bislama
English
I gat wan man I stap wet long yu.
There is someone waiting for you.
I gat wan maret long narasaed vilij.
There is a wedding on the other side of

the village.
I gat wan stoa long vilij blong mifala.
There is a store in our village.
10.2 I Gat Meaning There Are

Bislama
English
I gat naen pis kop treni long not

Efate.
There are nine Peace Corps trainees on

North Efate.
I gat mo bittim 100 difren lanwis long There are more than 100 different
Vanuatu.
languages in Vanuatu.
I gat tri lanwis mo kros kalja trena.
There are three language and cross

culture trainers.
10.3 I Bin Gat Meaning There Were

Bislama
English
I bin gat faev haos be naoia i nomo

gat.
There were five houses but now there are

none.
I bin gat naen long mifala be naoia i

gat tri nomo.
There were nine of us but now there are

only three of us.
I bin gat fulap telefon long vilij ia be

naoia i nomo gat.
There were plenty of telephones in this

village but now there are none.
61
10.4 Bae I Gat Meaning There Will Be

Bislama
English
Bae i gat danis tedei long naet.
There will be a dance tonight.
Bae i gat PST trening long not Efate.
There will be PST training at north Efate.
Bae i gat fulap samting we bae yumi

lanem.
There will be plenty of things that we will

learn.
10.5 The Negative Form I No Gat

Bislama
English
I no gat rice long stoa.
There is no rice in the store.
I no gat mane blong pem skul fi.
There is no money to pay school fees.
I no gat plante man o woman olsem. There arent many men or women like this.
10.6 Examples of the Uses of I Gat

Below are some examples of phrases using i gat -
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Mi gat
I have
Mi no gat
I dont
Hem i gat
He/She has
Hem i no gat
He/She doesnt have
Yumi gat
We have
Yumi no gat
We dont have
Olgeta i gat
They have
Olgeta i no gat
They dont have
Mitufala i gat
Two of us
Mitufala i no gat
Two of us dont have
Tufala i gat
Two of them have
Tufala i no gat
Two of them dont have
Trifala i gat
Three of them have
Trifala i no gat
Three of them dont have
62
10.7 Examples of Other Uses of Gat

Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Gat ae
To be sharp eyed
Gat hed
To be intelligent, wise
Gat bel
To be pregnant
Gat rosta
To be rusty
Gat bun
To be strong
Gat kala
To be beautiful/nice/set
Gat gris
To be fat
EXERCISES #10
A. From the notes provided, list the various uses of i gat.
B. Translate these Bislama sentences to English.
i. I gat wan stoa long vilij blong mifala.

__________________________________________________________________
ii. I gat plante diferen lanwis long Vanuatu.

__________________________________________________________________
iii. Olgeta i no gat kakae.

__________________________________________________________________
iv. I gat wan gel i stap wet long yu long telefon.

__________________________________________________________________
v. I no gat melek long stoa.

__________________________________________________________________
C. How would you say the following in Bislama?
i. Alice is pregnant.
______________________________________________
ii. The chicken is fat.
______________________________________________
iii. Armstrong is wise.
______________________________________________
iv. This truck is rusty.
______________________________________________
v. That man is strong.
______________________________________________
63
DIALOG 5
64
LONG POLIS STEISEN

Mista Braon emi girap long haf pas
sikis long moning. Taem emi go
aotsaed blong go long ofis, emi
sapraes tumas from trak blong em i no
stap. Wan man i bin stilim long naet.
Mista Braon em i resis kwiktaem i go
long polis steisen.
THE POLICE STATION

Mister Brown got up at 6.30 a.m. When
he went outside to go to the office, he got a
big surprise as his car was no longer
there. Someone had stolen it during the
night. Mr. Brown quickly rushed down to
the police station.
Mr. B: Gudmoning ofisa, mi wantem

talem se wan man i bin stilim trak blong
mi las naet.Taem mi girap naoia, trak
blong mi i no stap.
Polis: Sori tumas.Wanem nem blong
yu?
Mr. B: Nem blong mi Pol Braon. Mi
stap wok long Hae Komisin blong
Ostrelia.
Polis: Wanem kaen trak oli bin stilim?
Mr. B: Emi wan Toyota.
Polis: Wanem namba blong em?
Mr. B: Emi 2067.
Polis: Wanem kala blong em?
Mr. B: Emi red.
Polis: Yu no livim ki i stap insaed long
trak?
Mr. B: No, mi no livim insaed long
trak. I stap long traoses blong mi nomo.
Emia.
Polis: Ating oli joenem waea blong
statem enjin.
Mr. B: Mi no save. Mi no harem noes
nating long naet. Maet oli pusum trak i
go longwe fastaem, taem i stap longwe
oli statem wetem waea.
Polis: Sipos oli mekem olsem, ating i
no wan man nomo i bin stilim trak
blong yu. Mat i gat tu o tri man oli bin
mekem samting ia.
Mr. B: Good morning, officer. I wish to

report that my car was stolen last night.
When I got up just now my car was no
longer there.
Policeman: I'm sorry. What is your
name?
Mr. B: I'm Paul Brown. I work at the
Australian High Commission.
Policeman: What kind of car was stolen?
Mr. B: It was a Toyota.
Policeman: What is the registration
number?
Mr. B: It is 2067.
Policeman: What color is it?
Mr. B: It is red.
Policeman: You didn't leave the key in
the car did you?
Mr. B: No, I didn't leave it in the car. It's
in my pocket. Here it is.
Policeman: I think they joined the wires
to start the engine.
Mr. B: I don't know. I didn't hear any
noise at all during the night. Maybe they
pushed the car some distance first. Then,
when it was some distance away, they
started it with wire.
Policeman: If they did that, then it wasn't
just one man who stole the car. Maybe
two or three people did it.
65
Mr. B: Yes, ating olsem.

Polis: Bambae mifala i traem faenem
trak blong yu. Sipos yu laki, oli no
spoelem trak ia, be sipos olgeta i drong
lelebet, maet oli bangem finis long wan
samting.
Mr. B: Oh, ofisa, sipos yufala i save
faenem, bae mi glad tumas. Sapos
yufala i faenem, yu save ring i go long
ofis blong mi long 22531; long haos
blong mi namba blong telefon em i
22217.
Polis: Oraet Mista Braon, mifala i sori
tumas from we oli bin stilim trak blong
yu long naet. Sapos mifala i faenem
olgeta we oli bin stilim, bambae mifala
i mas panisim olgeta.
Mr. B: Tangkiu tumas, ofisa. Gud dei
mo gud lak!
Mr. B: Yes, I agree.

Policeman: We will try to find your car.
If you are lucky, they wont damage the
car, but if they were a bit drunk they may
have crashed it into something.
Mr. B: Oh, officer, if you can find it I'll be
very happy. If you find the car you can
call my office on 22531; at home my
phone number is 22217.
Policeman: All right Mr. Brown, we're
sorry that your car was stolen last night. If
we find the culprits, we will certainly
punish them.
Mr. B: Thank you very much, officer.
Good day and good luck!
66
VOCABULARY
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
aeanem
aftenun
ale
bigwan
blak
drong
fiksimap
girap
joenem
kamgud
kaset
laki
longfala
meresin
nabanga
nara
ofisa
Ostrelia
pemaot
polis
raorao
red
saed
sanem
singsing
soa
sot
statem
ston
tangkiu
telefon
traot
yelo
Iron
Afternoon
All right
Large amount
Black
Drunk
Repair
Get up
join
Heal
Cassette
Lucky
Long, tall
Medecine
Banyan
Another, other
Officer
Australia
Pay for
Police
Argue, fight
Red
Side, area
Send
Sing, song
Shore
Short, shirt
Start
Stone
Thank you
phone
Vomit
Yellow
afsaed
andanit
big
bin
dog
faerap
flasem
hevi
kala
kasem
klosem
letem
lukaot
miusek
nangae
nius
oltaem
panisim
pikimap
rabis
raon
ring
Sandei
sapraes
smolsmol
sofsof
spia
stik
taed
tawian
trabol
waet
yia
Outside
Underneath
Big
Been (Past tense)
Dog
Erupt
Decorate
Heavy
Color
As far as, until
Close
Allow
Look for
Music
Ngali nut
News
Constantly
Punish
Pick up
Useless
Round, around
Ring
Sunday
Surprise
Tiny
Soft
Spear
Stick
Tired
In-law
Trouble
White
Year
67
Unit 11: INTERROGATIVES

In Bislama interrogatives can occur at the start or the end of a sentence. The principal
question words/phrases are as follows:
11.1 Question Words

English
Bislama
What?
Wanem?
How?
Olsem wanem?
How many? How much?
Hamas?
Why? For what purpose?
Blong wanem?
Why? What for?
From wanem?
Where?
Wea? (end of sentence); Wem (start of sentence)
Who?
Hu?
When?
Wanem taem?
11.2 Examples of Questions

1. Wanem nem blong aelan ia?
What is the name of this island?
5. Yu go long Vila blong mekem wanem?

What did you go to Vila for?
2. Olsem wanem long mama ia, bae hem

tu i go o no gat?
How about this mama, will she go to or
not?
6. Pita, i silip wea?

Where does Peter stay?
7. Huia i go long taon?
Who is going to town?
3. Hamas man i bin lus long 11 September

2001?
How many people died on September
11, 2001?
8. Gem i stat lo wanem taem?

What time does the game start?
4. Yu no kam wetem mifala yestedei from

wanem?
Why didnt you come with us yesterday?
68
EXERCISES #11
A.
Translate these sentences to Bislama.

i. What did he say?
_______________________________________________________________________
ii. What did they steal?
__________________________________________________________________
iii. How did you come?
__________________________________________________________________
iv. Why are you crying?
__________________________________________________________________
v. What is he/she doing?
__________________________________________________________________
vi. Where is the toilet?
__________________________________________________________________
vii. Who is that person over there?
__________________________________________________________________
viii. What time is it now?
_____________________________________________________________________
Homework
Go to your host families and ask 5 questions using the interreogatives you learned today.
Write down the questiones and answers to be used in your next Bislama class.
69
COMPREHENSION 5
STON BLONG SAN
Long vilej blong Pagahu, ples i kolkol tumas from i stap long
bus. Long evri moning ol man i stap lukaotem san.
Sapos oli faenem ples we san i saen tru oli sidaon long em.
Wan moning tufala smol smol gel i girap i sidaon mo wet long
san i kam antap. Tufala i lukluk i luk san i saen antap finis long
ol top blong ol tri long.
Tufala i stap singsing, singaot san blong i kam:
"Nalasine torotoro, metane'le Pagaru G'ri, Nalasine G'ri
Nalasine G'ri." Tufala I stap singaot san olsem, wan tabu man
blong lukaot long ston blong san, i harem nao i go bonem ston
blong san.
Afta i talem long ston se,"San, bae yu bonem gud tufala ia i
drae.
San i girap i kam hot - i hot tumas. Tufala gel ia i girap i go
insaed long haos. Tufala i stap gud, be long medel de san i
bonem haos blong tufala. Tufala i ron i go haed andanit long
wan bigfala nambanga tri be san i bonem nambaga ia gogo i
drae. Tufala i go stret long wan riva we i gat wan bigfala raon
ston blong mun.
Tufala i go foldaon long reva ia mo tufala i daeva i go andanit
long bigfala mun ston ia. Taem tufala i stap ia, hit blong san i
nomo strong from mun i stat blong girap nao. San i folem riva
mo i go draon long solwora, mun i girap i talem long tufala gel
ia i se,"Yutufala mas go kwik long haos."
Bae yutufala i go slip wetem faea. Tufala gel ia i go hom long
vilej, mo mekem faea mo silip wetem.
Long naet taem oli silip, mun i girap i kam i laet tru long haos
blong man we i putum ston blong san- Mun i kam tru insaed
long haos blong em.
I mekem man ia i kolkol nogud i no save wanem blong i
mekem. Faea i no save laet. Ston we emi bonem i kolkol gud.
Emi kolkol tumas mo sem taem i fraet blong lukluk mun insaed
long haos blong em, mo emi ded long nekis moning. Ol gel oli
girap oli singaot san bakegen be i nomo kam strong.
Tedei oli stap yusum yet singsing ia blong singaotem san taem
oli kolkol tumas.
70
Kolkol = Cold
Moning = Morning
Lukaotem = Look for
Faenem = To Find
San = Sun
Saen = Shine
Sidaon = Sit down
Antap = ontop
Lukluk = To see
Singsing = Singing
Bonem = To Burn
Ston = Stone
Drae = Dry
Girap = Get up
Hot = Hot
Gel = Girl
Insaed = Inside
Medel = Middle
Haed = Hide
Andanit = Under
Mun = Moon
Hit = Heat
Riva = River
Draon = Drown
Slip = Sleep
Hom = Home
Vilej = Village
Naet = Night
Faea = Fire
Laet = light
Fraet = Afraid
Ded = Dead
Singaotem = To call
Unit 12: VERBS AND VERB ENDINGS

In Bislama the main verb endings are -IM, -UM and -EM. You will recognize quite a few
Bislama verbs that use these endings.
12.1 Examples of Verb Endings

IM
UM
EM
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Digim
Switim
Livim
Givim
Ridim
To dig
To sweeten
To leave
To give
To read
Kukum
Putum
Rusum
Pulum
Sutum
To cook
To put
To roast
To pull
To shoot
Raetem
Wantem
Berem
Stonem
Katem
To write
To want
To bury
To stone
To cut
General Rules for Verb Endings:
When a verb has an I as the second or third letter, then it is most likely that it will
have an IM ending.
When a verb has U as the second or third letter, then it is most likely that it will have
UM ending.
When a verb has an A, E or O as the second or third letter in a word, then it is most
likely that it will have an EM ending.
12.2 Examples of Verb Ending Usage
Mi digim sam yam long karen yestedei.

I dug up some yam at the garden yesterday.
Mi switim ti blong mi wetem suga.

Ive sweeten my tea with sugar.
Bae mi kukum wan sospen raes.

I will cook a pot of rice.
Man ia i sutum wan bigfala pig long karen blong hem.

That man shot a large pig at his garden.
Mi wantem kakae taro.

I want to eat taro.
Yu katem han blong yu wetem jenso.

You cut your hand with chainsaw.
71
EXERCISES #12
A. Using IM, EM and UM give the following verbs their appropriate verb endings.
i.
Hol _____ (To hold)
ii.
Kil______ (To hit)
iii.
Kas _____ (To catch)
iv.
Fid _____ (To feed)
v.
Huk _____ (To hook)
vi.
Pul _____ (To pull)
vii.
Put _____ (To put)
viii.
Nil______ (To nail)
ix.
Rus _____ (To roast)
x.
Tek _____ (To take)
B. Use the following verbs (one time each) to translate the sentences below into Bislama.
mekem stilim wantem kilim kukum putum ronem digim hukum pusum
1. Judy makes a big meal.
2. The dog chases the children.
3. Solo caught a bonito.
4. He hit me.
5. They pushed the truck.

6. Sarah puts the basket on the table.
7. I am cooking the rice.
8. I want this book.

9. That boy stole some money.
10. Paul digs a big hole.
72
C. Connect the following verb beginnings with their correct endings.
VERBS
ENDINGS
Muv
Kas
Jus
im
um
em
Faen
Nil
Rus
um
em
im
Klos
Kis
Wip
um
em
em
73
DIALOG 6
74
LONG WO
Long 1942 olgeta man Amerika oli kam long
Vanuatu blong faetem ol man Japan we oli
bin wantem ronem yumi evriwan long saed
ia long Saot Pasifik. Pita emi stap storian
wetem bubu blong em, mo tufala i storian
long taem ia, taem we foti yia i pas finis.
Pita: Olsem wanem, bubu, long taem blong
bigfala faet blong Wol WoTu?
Billy: Taem ia emi gud tumas.Oli kam
askem mifala blong mifala i givhan long ol
man Amerika.
Pita: Wanem wok blong yufala ol man
Vanuatu?
Billy: Long Efate mifala i bin joen wetem
olgeta blong mekem rod i go raon long aelan
ia kasem narasaed.
Pita: Oli talem se yufala i bin wok long
Santo tu. I tru?
Billy: Em ia nao. Mifala samfala i bin stap
wok long Santo tu, blong mekem plante eafil
mo plante narafala samting.
Pita: Taem ia i gat hamas man?
Billy: Oh, Pita, mi no save gud. Ating maet
i gat klosap faef handred taosen man i kam
long Vanuatu blong faetem olgeta blong
Japan.
Pita: Olsem wanem? I gat man Amerika
nomo i bin kam helpem yufala?
Billy: No. I gat samfala man Ostrelia mo
samfala man Niu Silan oli bin stap tu.
Pita: Olsem wanem, i gat plante sip mo plen
i stap long Vanuatu long wo?
Billy: Kas, Pita, i gat plante plen long taem
ia. Long faed blong eafil, long Efate i gat
tri, mo long Santo oli talem se i gat faef.
Pita: Mi sapraes tumas. Be ating ol man
Japan oli no bin kam long Vanuatu long wo
Billy: Tru ia. Samfala nomo oli bin sakem
bom, mo oli bin kilim wan buluk long taon
blong Santo.
Pita: I gud olsem.
Billy: Yes, olgeta man Japan oli stat
kamdaon long Vanuatu, be ol man Amerika
oli bin blokem rod blong olgeta long
Solomon nomo. Oli no save kam spoelem
laef blong yumi.
Pita: Tenkiu tumas bubu. Mifala ol
yangfala i no save tumas long ol storian ia,
from we mifala i no bon yet.
DURING THE WAR

In 1942 the Americans came to Vanuatu to
fight the Japanese who wanted to chase out
all of us here in the South Pacific. Pita is
yarning with his grandfather, and the two
of them are talking about that time, forty
years ago.
Pita: What was it like, Grandad, the time of
that big fight that they call World War
Two?
Billy: That was a very good time. They
came and asked us to help the Americans.
Pita: What work did you ni-Vanuatu do?
Billy: In Efate we joined with them to build
the road that goes round to the other side of
the island.
Pita: They say you worked in Santo too. Is
that right?
Billy: That's right. Some of us worked in
Santo too, making several air-strips and
plenty of other things.
Pita: How many men were there then?
Billy: Oh, Pita, 1 don't know very
well. I think there may have "been 500,000
men who came to Vanuatu to fight the
Japanese.
Pita: How was it? Were there only
Americans who came to help us?
Billy: No. Some Australians and New
Zealanders were here too.
Pita: Were there many ships and planes in
Vanuatu during the war?
Billy: Gosh, Pita, there were many planes.
As for airstrips, on Efate there were three,
while on Santo, they say, there were five.
Pita: I'm very surprised. But I thought
theJapanese didn't come to Vanuatu during
the war.
Billy: That's true. There were just some
bombing raids; which only killed a cow in
Santo town.
Pita: Thats good.
Billy: Yeah, the Japanese began to come to
Vanuatu, but the Americans stopped them
in the Solomons. They couldn't come to
destroy our lives.
Pita: Thank you very much, Grandad. We
young people don't know much about this.
story because we weren't born yet.
VOCABULARY
75
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
Blokem
Delaet
Dina
Dota
Draon
Eli
Eprel
Fasin
Fiuja
Helpem
Prevent, block
Daylight
Midday meal
Daughter
Sink, drown
Early
April
Way/manner/style
Future
Help
Bom
Disemba
Doa
Draevem
Eafil
En
Evriwan
Februari
Fraede
Jenuwari
Bomb
December
Door
Drive
Airfield
End
Everyone
February
Friday
January
76
Unit 13: ADDITIONAL VERBS

13.1 Verbs Not Using Common Endings
Some Bislama verbs do not end with -EM, -IM or UM. For example -
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Swim
To swim/ to bath
Gat
To have
Toktok
To talk
Sitdaon
To sit (down)
Dring
To drink
Lukaot
To watch/look out
Lego
To let go
Kakae
To eat
Krae
To cry
Pleiplei
To play
Save
To know
Flae
To fly
Stanap
To stand (up)
Draev
To drive
13.2 Example Sentences

Bislama
English
Hem i go swim long solwota.
He/she is swimming/bathing in the sea.
Sipos yu no kam mbae mi krae.
If you dont come I will cry.
Mi wantem dring wan kokakola.
I want to drink a Coca Cola.
Mifala i stap stanap long wan tebol.
We are standing on a table.
Yumi stap sitdaon long kras.
You and I are sitting on the grass.
Olgeta i kakae fis long las naet.
They ate fish last night.
John i stap toktok long Pita.
John is speaking/talking to Peter.
Julie i talem se yu no mas fraet.
Julie said, dont be afraid.
Yu no mas lego stia blong trak taem yu

draef.
Dont let go of the trucks steering when

you are driving.
Mi save man ia long wei.
I know that man over there.
Mi gat wan trak olsem.
I have a truck like this/that.
77
Lukaot long drae kokonas taem yu

wokabaot.
Watch out for dry (mature) coconuts when

you are walking.
EXERCISES #13
A. What are the English meanings of the following Bislama verbs?
i.
Stanap
___________________________
ii.
Ron
___________________________
iii.
Singsing
___________________________
iv.
Kakae
___________________________
v.
Krae
___________________________
vi.
Foldaon
___________________________
vii. Klaem
___________________________
viii. Danis
___________________________
ix.
Flae
___________________________
x.
Pleiplei
___________________________
B. Match the following Bislama sentences to their correct English equivalent.
i.Olgeta pikinini i kakae fis long Tusde.
I dont know this/that man.
ii.Em i dring Kava oltaem.
They dont have pencils.
iii.Praem Minista i lego Vila long las

wik.
All the children ate fish last week

He drinks kava regularly.
iv.Mi no luk yu long jioj.

The Prime Minister left Vila last week.
v.Mi no save man ia.
I didnt see you at church.
vi.Olgeta oli no gat pensel.
C. Write the verb from each of the sentences in B above on the lines below.
i. __________________________________
ii. __________________________________
iii. __________________________________
iv. __________________________________
v. __________________________________
vi. __________________________________
78
D. Translate the following sentences into bislama.
i.
Mark drove to Vila last night.

____________________________________________________________________
ii.
My brother cries every day.

____________________________________________________________________
iii.
Shes smart.
____________________________________________________________________
iv.
The children like to play at the school.

____________________________________________________________________
v.
They drink kava every night.

____________________________________________________________________
vi.
What movie did you two watched last night?

____________________________________________________________________
79
COMPREHENSION 6
Read the following story and answer the following questions in English:
WOMAN BLONG BIGFALA STON

Long bigfala ston ia Nebagahu i gat wan man mo woman blong
em, Nitivenpet. Woman ia i livim man blong em mo i go lukaotem
Nempet. (Nempet emi wan rop we oli kakae rus blong em olsem
chewing-gum).
Taem emi lukaot i kam long Lowoitembtemb, hemi faenem sam
faol we oli waet be oli no fraet. Emi kirap i holem wan mo i karem
i go bak blong tufala i kakae.
Long nara dei emi go lukaot nempet bakegen mo i kam long
Lowoitembtemb. Emi faenem ol faol ia bakegen emi holem wan
mo emi karem i go bak bakegen tufala i kakae.
Man we i stap fidim ol faol, i singaot ol faol blong em, be emi
faenem se tu i lus finis. Nara dei woman ia i go bakegen, man
blong em i talem se, woman, yu stap wokabaot be yu no wokabaot
i go longwei tumas. Lukaot yu stilim faol blong wan man.
Emi se, Wanem ia yu talem, mi stap ia nomo. Emia ol wael faol
nomo ia".
Emi go digim nempet nao i kasem Lowoitembtemb i faenem ol
faol ia bakegen, emi holem wan bakegen mo tekem i go bak. Man
blong em i se, "woman, yu kam wea?" Emi se, "Yu no toktok."
Emi kilim faol mo tufala kakae.
Long nara dei emi go bakegen, man ia i haed finis mo i wajem ol
faol blong em. Taem emi lukluk gogo emi luk Nembagahu.
Woman ia i go nao i kilim faol ia mo man blong em i se, woman,
yu stap tekem ol faol ia wea? Woman blong em i se,"Ol wael faol
nomo ia. Emi katem mo i mekem laplap blong em. Taem emi
putum long hol finis bigfala ren mo win i blo, mo san i saen.
Man ia i girap long Lowoitembtemb mo i sutum aro blong em i
foldaon long Lorhbunwoi mo i singsing: "Nitivenpet e kivedor
mene - ran bagaru, ran bagaru."
Taem emi singsing, hed blong faol ia i singaot long laplap long hol,
"Ko ko wa Ku." Man ia i harem i talem se,woman, yu harem
wanem ia. Emi se, "Yu no luk ol faol, oli singaot long ol wud
blong faenem ples blong slip blong olgeta."
Man ia i tekem aro blong em mo i sutum i go foldaon long Labo.
Mo emi singsing, "Nitivenpet e kivedor mene - ran bagaru, ran
bagaru."
80
Foldaon = Fall
Flas = Flash(y)
Tedei = Today
Sugabag = Bee
Mekem = To do
Noes = Noice
Flawa = Flower
Tri = Tree/Three
Aotsaed = Outside
Nakamal = Meeting area
Talem se = To say
Longwei = Far
Spoelem = To spoil
Wael = Wild
Digim = To dig
Holem = To hold
Kilim = To kill/hit
Olfala = Old
Livim = To leave
Rus = Roots
Lukaot = To look for
Faenem = To find
Faol = Chicken
Fraet = Afraid
Kakae = To eat
Fidim = Feeding
Singaot = To call
Lus = Loose/ Lost
Tekem = To take
Wea = Where
Katem = To cut
Bigfala = Big
Girap = To get up
Sutum = To shoot
Ara = Arrow
Singsing = To sing
Wud = Wood
Slip = Sleep
Faol i singaot: Ko Ko wa Ku. Taem emi Sut bakegen i foldaon long e..................
Olfala man ia i se, "Olfala, oltaem yu stap flas. Tedei, mbae yu save -- yu harem wanem ia?"
Emi se, Wanem ia? Emia ol sugabag nomo, oli mekem nois long flawa blong tri aotsaed."
Olfala man i se, "Yu stap ia mi go long Nakamal nao." Emi go long Nakamal, woman ia
nomo i stap.
Man ia i sut bakegen aro i foldaon long bigfala ston ia, win i blo, i ren smol mo san i saen.
Man ia emi singaot bakegen afta faol i singaot.
Olfala woman i harem i fraet tumas emi seksek, emi stap silip klosap long faea. Man ia i sut
bakegen. Aro i foldaon long doa. Faol i singaot. Man ia i kam tru mo i singaot pupu yu
stap. Emi se, No, gran san mi sik tumas. Bambae yu no save kam ensaed. Man ia i se,
Mi stap harem se yu sik, mo mi stap kam blong visitem yu.
Olfala woman i singaot se, "Mi sik, mi sik, tumas." Man ia i se,"Yu sik tumas, be wanem ia i
stap singaot, long hol ia." Emi se, "Gran san mi mi sik, pupu blong yu ia i go karem faol ia
sam ples i kam." Man ia i girap i go insaed, mo i kilim woman ia. Emi singaot se,Wei
Kaderis Hunke Kaeri Sunke.
Emi girap i go from olfala man long nakamel. Taem emi go olfala man i mekem sem
samting we olfala woman i talem.
Man ia i girap i go insaed, i kilim em tu.
Emi pikimap ol bun blong ol faol blong em mo karem i go bak long Lowoitembtemb. Emia i
mekem se ol faol i tabu long Lowoi temb temb tedei.
Ston = Stone
Win = Wind/win
Blu = To blow
Ren = Rain
San = Sun
Saen = Shine
Seksek = Shake
Sik = Sick
Gransan = Grandson
Pupu = Grandfather
81
1. From wanem ol faol ia oli no fraet?
2. Wanem i mekem faol i singaot long hol long laplap?
3. Sipos woman i harem toktok blong man
82
Unit 14: CONNECTIVE WORDS

The most frequently used Bislama connective words are:
14.1 Common Connective Words

Bislama
English
Be
But
Mo
And
No/o
Or
Nao
Now/so/and/therefore/then
Se
So that/whether/that
We
Which/that
Wetem
With
Afta
After/and/then/afterwards/later
Tu
Also/too
Ale
Alright
14.2 Other Connective Words

Bislama
English
Bislama English
Afta nao
After that/then/before
From
Because
Sipos
If
From se
Because of
Sipos no
If not/otherwise/or else
From we
Because of
Finis
Then/after that
Taem we
When
Bihaen
Later, afterwards
Taem se
When
Semtaem
At the same time/while
Ko kasem
Up to/until
Taswe
Thats why;so;therefore;thus
Olsem
Like this/that;for instance;like
I mekem se So/therefore
83
14.2 Examples of Usage of Connective Words

Beverly i no kam yestedei from se hem i go long jioj.
Beverly did not come yesterday because she went to church.
Nixon i go long taon afta nao hemi tes kam long wok.
Nixon went to town then came to work.
Patrick i ron ko kasem Fres Wota; afta i stap.
Patrick ran until he arrived at Fresh Water then stopped.
Mi harem se yu sik taswei mi kam.
I heard that you were sick thats why I came.
EXERCISES #14
A. Choose connective word(s) that best complete the following sentences.
i. Roger i talem long polis _______ olsem wanem trak blong Pis Kop i kasem aksiden.
a. afta
b. tu
c. se
d. ale
i. Mama blong mi i tekem brata blong mi i go long klinik __________hemi kasem Malaria.
a. from se
b. taswe
c. nao
d. bihaen
iii. ___________ i no gat ren tedei, bae yu go long karen __________ papa blong mi.
a. Bae, sapos
b. Be, wetem
c. Afta, mo
d. Sapos, wetem
i. Yu kam long sip _____________ long plen?
a. wetem
b. from
c. o
d. nao
i. Bislama emi nasonal lanwis blong Vanuatu; ___________ yumi lanem Bislama.
a. ale
b. taswe
c. be
d. from
84
85
A. Connect these Bislama words to their English translations.
BISLAMA
ENGLISH
O
From se (we)
Sapos
Wetem
Afta
But
When
Because of
If
Also/ Too
Mo
Taem se (we)
Be
Tu
Sapos
Or
With
Which/ That
And
Then/ Afterwards
Homework:
With a partner create a dialog using the words you learned today to be presented to the class
tomorrow.
86
DIALOG 7
LONG POST OFIS
AT THE POST OFFICE
Postofis i stap long medel blong Port Vila,

klosap long of is blong Air Vanuatu. Plante man
i kam long ples ia evri dei from we, sipos man i
wantem kasem leta, emi mas kam luk long bokis
blong leta long post ofis nomo. Jems emi kam
blong pem stam blong leta blong sendem leta i
go long Ostrelia. Hemi faenem fren blong em,
Pol.
Pol: Olsem wanem, Jems, I gud?
Jemes: I gud nomo, Pol. Yu go wea?
Pol: Mi kam blong lukaot leta blong angkel.
Emi raetem nius blong vilej blong mi long
Lamap.
Jems: Mi kam blong pem stam nomo. Mi
raetem wan leta finis i go long tawian blong mi;
naoia mi raetem wan moa bakegen.
Pol: Emi stap yet long Ambae?
Jemes: Emia nao. Emi stap wokem kopra. Emi
no save wokbaot long Vila olsem yumi.
Pol: Jems, mi no luk yu long lafet long katedral
long las Sande. Emi gud tumas. Tim blong
Lamap i bin winim kompetisin blong danis.
Jemes: Yes, mi no kam long lafet ia from we
woman blong mi emi harem nogud. Klosap
taem blong emi bonem pikinini.
Pol:Yes, mi save finis we emi gat bel.
Jemes: Oraet fren, mi go bak nao long Tagabe.
Mi wantem traem faenem wan samting long B.P.
long Tebakor.
Pol: Wanem samting?
Jemes: Mi wantem luk praes blong wan jenso
blong tekem i go long Ambae taem mi spel.
Pol: Kas! Emi wan gudfala samting blong katem
ol bigfala wud, be praes i sas tumas.
Jemes: Tru ia, be kopretiv blong Nduindui emi
wantem wan blong rentem nomo.
Pol: Oraet, Jemes, ating bos blong mi i stap wet
long mi long ofis. Sipos mi no hariap blong go
bak, bae emi kros we i kros.
Jemes: Mi glad tumas long storian blong yumi.
The Post Office is in the middle of Port Vila,

near the Air Vanuatu office. Many people come
there every day because if you receive mail you
must come and lget it from one of mail boxes at
the post office. James comes to buy stamps for
the letter he is sending to Australia. There he
finds his friend, Paul.
Paul: How are things, James, all right?
James: All right thanks, Paul. Where are you
going?
Paul: I've come to pick up a letter from my
uncle. He has sent news of my village in Lamap.
James: I've just come to buy stamps. I wrote a
letter to my brother-in-law; now I'm writing him
another one.
Paul: Is he still on Ambae?
James: That's right. He's making copra. He
can't be in Vila like us just doing nothing.
Paul: James, I didn't see you at the Cathedral
celebration last Sunday. It was really good. The
Lamap team won the dancing competition.
James: Yes, I didn't come to the feast as my
wife wasnt feeling well. She's about to have a
baby.
Paul: Yes, I already know that she is pregnant.
James: All right, friend, I'm going back to
Tagabe. I want to try to find something at B.P.
Tebakor.
Paul: What thing?
James: I want to check out the price of a
chainsaw to take to Ambae when I take vacation.
Paul: Gosh! That's a good tool for cutting heavy
timber, but the price is too expensive.
James: Yes, but the Nduindui co-operative
needs one to rent out.
Paul: All right, James. I think my boss is
waiting for me at the office. If I don't hurry up
and go back he'll be really cross.
James: Very pleased to talk to you.
87
Unit 15: MONTHS, WEEKS, DAYS AND AGES

English names do not change when translated to Bislama. Likewise, names of Months,
Weeks, Days and Ages remain largely unchanged with the exception of their spelling.
15.1 Months
English
Bislama
January
February
March
April
Januari
Februari
Maj
Eprel
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Mei
Jun
Julae
Okis
Septemba
Oktoba
Novemba
Disemba
English
Bislama
Last week
Next week
After next week
Tomorrow
Today
Afternoon
Last month
Morning
Las wik
Nekis wik
Afta nekis wik
Tumoro
Tedei
Aftenun
Las manis
Moning
Last year
Last Monday
Las yia
Las mandei
15.2 Relative Time
88
15.3 Days
English
Bislama
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Mande
Tusde
Wenesde
Tosde
Fraede
Sarede
Sande
15.4 Questions Relating to Date and Age

Bislama
English
Yu bon long wanem yea?
What year were you born?
Yu gat hamas yia?
How old are you?
Yu bon long wanem manis?
What month were you born?
Thu Yu bon long wanem manis?
What day and time were you born?
Friday
Fraede
Saturday
Sarede
Sunday
Sande
15.5 Dialog Relating to Date and Age

A:
Yu bon long wanem yia?

What year were you born?
B:
Mi bon long 1976.

I was born in 1976.
A:
B:
B: Mi bin bon long wan fraedei, long tu oklok

long moning.
I was born on a Friday at two in the morning.
A: Tank yu tumas blong strian wetem mi.
Thank you very much for chatting with me.
Yu bin bon long wanem manis?

What month were you born?
B: I oraet nomo, ale.

It was good, bye!
Mi bin bon long manis blong Okis.

I was born on the month of August.
A: Ale, ta ta.
Good-bye
A: Yu bin bon long wanem dei mo taem stret?

What exact day and time were you born?
89
EXERCISES #15
A. Answer the following questions in Bislama (regarding yourself)
i. Yu bon long wanem yia?

__________________________________________
ii. Yu bin bon long wanem manis?

__________________________________________
iii. Yu bin bon long wanem dei mo taem stret?

__________________________________________
iv. Sista blong yu I bon long wanem yia?

__________________________________________
v. Brata blong yu I bon long wanem manis?

____________________________________________
B. Find the Bislama names of the months and days in the following grid. The words in the grid are -
MONTHS
Januari
Februari
Maj
Eprel
Mei
Jun
Julae
Okis
Septemba
Disemba
DAYS
Mande
Tusde
Wenesde
Tosde
Fraede
Sarede
Sande
90
COMPREHENSION 7
Read the following story and answer the following questions in Bislama:
NELARASEMPE GIAAU RANBAGE
(NEM BLONG OL MAN I DANIS LONG NABAGA)
I gat wan olfala woman emi wantem mekem lafet be i no gat mit blong
em. I gat sam man oli mekem kakae blong faev dei. Everi dei oli sanem
wan wan man i go from solwota. Ol famli ia nem blong olgeta emi
Nelarosempe.
Olfala woman ia i save se kakae blong olgeta i stat nao, emi digim popile
mo i greitem long ol han blong nambanga mo i digim hol ananit long
nambanga. Taem wan man i kam emi blokem rod mo singaot "Yu kam
kakae laplap." Taem man ia i kam emi askem em blong i danis bifo i
kakae laplap from emi wantem luk. Taem man ia i go antap long han
blong Nambanga olfala i singsing,
"Nelarasempe giaau Ranbage i o'Nelarasempe giaau Ranbage,
Nelarasempe giaau Ranbage."
Man ia i danis long han blong nambaga ia i glis long popile mo i foldaon
i go insaed long hol.
Ol famli oli wet go go emi nomo kambak. Oli girap oli kakae finis oli
silip.
Nara dei oli sanem nara wan i go be sem samting i happen long em.
Woman ia i winim fo man finis i stap long hol, emi glad blong mekem
lafet nao.
Long las dei wan las brata i askem blong go long solwora. Emi karem
bambu blong solwora mo banana blong em. Taem emi go, woman ia i
blokem em, emi se,"Yu kam kakae laplap. Man ia i se, "No gat mi mi
no hangri." Emi se "Yu kam, mi stap mekem gudfala kakae blong yu
nomo from mi save se bambae yu kam tedei.
Man ia i folem em. Tufala i go mo woman ia i se, "Yu danis smol afta
bambae yu jas kakae."
Woman ia i singsing blong man ia i danis. Emi sing sing be man ia i
danis i stap jamjam nomo long ol han blong nambaga ia.
Man ia i folem em. Tufala i go nao woman ia i se, "Yu danis smol afta
bambae yu jas kakae."
Woman ia i singsing blong man ia i danis. Emi sing sing be man ia i
danis i stap jamjam nomo long ol han blong nambaga ia.
Man ia i girap i singsing mo danis tu. Emi singsing se,
Nelarandes e sisigo - ran base. Nelarandes e sisigo - ran base.
Nelarandes e sisigo - ran base.
Woman ia i singsing mo man ia sing sing. Man ia i danis gogo i girap i
jam daon be i mestem hol ia nomo.
Taem woman ia i reses i kam blong pusum em long hol ia, man ia emi
girap nao i kilim woman ia. I 1uk1uk i faenem ol brata blong em nao i
tekem olgeta i go bak bakegen long haos.
Comprehension
questions:
Singsing blong tufala
ol pipol oli usum tedei blong danis mo p1eiplei.
Olfala = Old
Lafet = Feast
Kakae = food
Faev = Five
Sanem = to send
Solwota = Sea
Famali = Family
Nem = Name
Save = Knows
Digim = to dig
Salem = to sell
Hol = Hole
Antanit = Under
Blokem = Blocked
Rod = Road
Askem = to ask
Wet = Wait
Slip = to sleep
Nara dei = Another Day
Winim = to win
Glad = Glad
Las = Last
Brata = Brother
Bambu = Bamboo
Banara = Bow & arrow
Hangri = Hungry
Gudfala = Very Nice
Folem = to follow
Tufala = two of them
Danis = Dance
Kakae = to eat
Jamjam = Jumpping
Han = Hand
1. From wanem woman ia i giaman long ol man?

2. Wanem i mekem las man i save trik blong woman ia?
91
Unit 16: STAP

In Bislama, stap is used as (1) A verb:
Stap can mean to be at, 'to stay', to stay atand 'to live'.
(2) A marker denoting ongoing/continuous action:
When stap is used in this way in sentences, an action is currently taking place or
ongoing.
16.1 Stap as a Verb

Bislama
English
Kaekae i stap long tebol.
The food is on the table.
Pita i stap long Malekula.
Peter is in Malekula.
Pita i stap stap long Malekula.
Peter lives on Malekula.
Yu bin stap wea?
Where were you?/Where have you been?
Anna i stap wetem mi.
Anna stays with me.
Anna i stap stap wetem mi.
Anna lives with me.
Patrick i stap wea?
Where is Patrick?
Patrick i stap stap wetem Lance.
Patrick lives with Lance.
Yu go bae mi stap.
You go, I'll stay.
Note: When stap stap is used, the sentence means to live.
16.2 Stap as a Marker Indicating Continuous Action
92
Bislama
English
Yu stap kiaman.
You are lying.
Yu stap kiaman oltaem.
You are lying all the time.
Mi stap kakae.
I am eating.
Olgeta i stap long wan miting.
Theyre in a meeting.
Mifala i stap go long church.
We are going to church.
93
EXERCISES #16
A. Describe the two different uses of the word stap.
i. _______________________________________________________________
ii. _______________________________________________________________
B. Translate these Bislama sentences into English.
i. Mi stap raetem wan leta blong mama blong mi.

____________________________________________________________________
ii. Kakae blong yu i stap long tebol.

____________________________________________________________________
iii. Em i stap kuk.

____________________________________________________________________
iv. Mi stap long Amerika. Haus blong mi i stap long siti blong Chicago.
____________________________________________________________________
v. Basket blong yu i stap long Eapot.

____________________________________________________________________
C. Write three sentences, each sentence using a different meaning of stap?
i. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
ii. ________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
iii. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
94
WOKBAOT LONG VANUATU
TRAVEL IN VANUATU
Long Vanuatu i gat klosap wan handred

aelan. Olgeta turis oli save wokbaot long
kantri ia, be i gat hotel long trifala aelan
nomo, long Efate, long Tanna, mo long
Santo. Long Santo i gat samfala sanbij we
oli gud tumas. Be long aelan ia i no gat
tumas turis from we Santo emi stap longwei
lelebet long Vila. Misis Jones emi kambak
long Santo. Emi storian wetem haos gel
blong em.
Mrs J: Mifala i laekem Santo tumas, from
we i no gat tumas man i wokbaot long taon.
Evelin: Oli talem se i gat plante man bus
long Santo. Oli putum kaliko nomo.
Mrs J: Mi luk tufala nomo long Kanal
(Luganville) we oli putum kaliko.
Evelin: Yufala i stap long Kanal nomo?
Mrs J: Mifala i rentem wan trak blong
wokbaot raon. Mifala i wokbaot go kasem
Hog Harbour long is Santo.
Evelin: Ples ia emi olsem wanem?
Mrs J: Emi gud tumas. Sanbij blong ples ia
emi waet we i waet. Mifala i neva luk wan
sanbij olsem bifo.
Evelin: Oli talem se rod i go kasem Pot Lori.
Mrs J: Emia true, Evelin. Ol man Amerika
oli bin wokem rod ia long wo.
Evelin: Ating oli mekem wan niufala rod
finis, i go long Big Bay.
Mrs J: Tru ia, be mifala i no go long em.
Afta, long is Santo, mifala i go long Saot
Santo.
Evelin: Yufala i go wea long saed ia long
saot?
In Vanuatu there are nearly a hundred

islands. Tourists may travel around the
country, but there are hotels on only three
islands, Efate, Tanna and Santo. In Santo
there are some very good beaches.
However, on that island there are not many
tourists since Santo is some distance form
Vila. Mrs Jones has come back from Santo.
She is talking to her housegirl.
Mrs J: We liked Santo very much, because
there weren't too many people in the town.
Evelin: They say there are plenty of bush
men in Santo. They just wear a loincloth.
Mrs J: I saw only two in Santo town
wearing just a loin-cloth.
Evelin: Did you just stay in the town?
Mrs J: We rented a car to drive about
around.We travelled as far as Hog Harbour
in east Santo.
Evelin: What's that place like?
Mrs J: Very nice. The beach there is as
white as can be. We'd never seen a beach
like it before.
Evelin: They say the road goes as far as Port
Olry.
Mrs J: Its true, Evelin. The Americans
made the road during the War.
Evelin: I think they've already made a new
road to Big Bay.
Mrs J: That's right, but we went on to South
Santo after East Santo.
Evelin: Whereabouts did you go in the
South?
DIALOG 8
95
Mrs J: We drove on the road to Tangoa.

We saw the Bible College on the small
island. The school there was started over a
hundred
years ago.
Evelin: Yes, some of our own pastors from
Paama did their studies on Tangoa.
Mrs J: We were very pleased with this trip.
Maybe you can come sometime.
Evelin: Yes, I would like to, but I don't think
I've enough money to travel.
Mrs J: If you're still here next year, I'll try
and ask my husband to pay for everyone in
the house.
Mrs J: Mifala i draev long rod go kasem

Tangoa. Mifala i go luk Baebol Kolej long
smol aelan. Oli statem skul ia wan handred
yia i pas finis.
Evelin: Yes, samfala pasta blong mifala
long Paama oli go long skul long Tangoa.
Mrs J: Mifala i glad tumas long trip ia.
Maet yu save kam samtaem.
Evelin: Yes, mi laekem, be ating mane
blong mi i no inaf blong pem rod blong mi.
Mrs J: Sapos yu stap yet long nekis yia,
bambae mi traem askem man blong mi
blong emi pem rod blong yumi evriwan long
haos.
96
Unit 17: OLSEM

Olsem occurs very frequently in spoken and written Bislama and is similar to like in
English. It has a wide range of related meanings and uses which include the following:
17.1
Like or Such as
i. Hem i silip olsem faol nomo.

He sleeps just like a chicken.
ii. Hem i wokbaot olsem krab nomo.
He walks just like a crab.
iii. Hem i danis olsem Michael Jackson nomo. He dances just like Michael Jackson.
17.2
To be as if
When olsem occurs filling the verb slot in the sentence it can be translated to be as if.
i. Hem i olsem i kakae 10 kilo raes.
ii. Hem i olsem i dring 10 sel kava.
iii. Hem i olsem i danis delaet.
17.3
It was as if he ate 10 kilos of rice.

It was as if he drank 10 shells of kava.
It was as if he danced till daylight.
Just as or As
When olsem occurs as a connecting clauses it can be translated just as or as.

i. Olsem mi talem finis, yu no save kakae fis ia.
Just as/Just like Ive said, you cannot eat this fish.
ii. Mi kambak olsem papa i bin talem.
I came back as dad said.
In this type of usage, olsem is often followed by we and can be expanded to stret olsem
we which is then translated exactly as.
i. Mi wokem olsem we yu askem.
ii. Mi wokem stret olsem we yu askem
iii. Mi mekem olsem we yu talem.
17.4
I did it as you asked.

I did exactly as you asked.
I did as you said.
Like this or Like that

Olsem translates like this or like that when used adverbially in a short sentence.
i. Joyce i toktok olsem.

ii. Hem i mekem olsem.
Joyce spoke like this.

He/She did it like this.
In this type of usage, olsem is often followed by nomo for emphasis and is translated
just like that.
i. Hem i foldaon olsem nomo.
He fell down just like that.
ii. Rebecca i singaot olsem nomo. Rebecca screamed just like that.
97
17.5
Like that or Like the one previously
When Olsem is used as a noun modifier it means like that, like the one previously
referred to or the same as the one previously referred to.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
17.6
Wan trak olsem.

Wan man olsem.
Wan haos olsem haos ia.
Mi wantem wan olsem.
A car like that.

A man like that.
A house like this/that one.
I want one like this.
For example
i. Yu save kasem wan fis, olsem wan bonito.

You can catch a fish, for example a Tuna.
ii. Olsem, yu save pem wan long sto.
For example, you can buy one at the store.
17.7
Olsem Wanem Meaning How
Perhaps the most frequently encountered use of olsem is in the interrogative form Olsem
wanem meaning How.
i. Olsem wanem long yu?
ii. Yu kam olsem wanem?
iii. Yu filim/harem olsem wanem?
How are you?

How did you get here?
How do you feel?
98
EXERCISES #17
A. Write the meaning of olsem in each of the following sentences
i.
Yu danis olsem wanem?_________________________________________________________
ii.
Mi gat wan trak olsem.__________________________________________________________
iii.
Mi bin raetem olsem we yu bin talem.______________________________________________
iv.
Mi filim olsem bae mi sik._______________________________________________________
v.
Olsem wanem long yu tedei?_____________________________________________________
vi.
Yu katem olsem, afta yu kukum olsem._____________________________________________
vii. Yufala I singsing olsem ol enjel

nomo.______________________________________________
viii. Tingting blong mi i semak olsem tingting blong yu.___________________________________

ix.
Yu mekem samting ia olsem

wanem?_______________________________________________
x.
Papa blong mi I gat wan bot olsem.________________________________________________
99
COMPREHENSION 8
DEVEL I KAREM W AN MAN WE I LAEF
Long windange i gat tu man i stap silip long naet long wan
smol tapernakel, Wan i silip mo i toktok long silip blong em.
Ol devel oli wokbaot long rod long naet, oli harem, wan i
askem se, "Wehem man ia we i stap mekem toktok olsem
ia?"
Devel ia i askem bakegen i se, "Hu ia, fen blong man we i
toktok?."
I harem nao i se, "long ples ia," ol devel i se, "we ia, we ia."
Man ia i girap i ron wei long fren blong em. Ol devel i kam,
wan i se blong em. Tu i winim ol narafala. Man ia i silip
long han blong pamtri. Tufala devel ia i go mo wan i stanap
stret long hed wan long leg. Tufala i mekem man ia i silip i
no mo harem wan samting.
Tufala i kavremap man ia long han bong pamtri mo tufala i
karem i go wokabaot long rod, mo i singsing,
"Nesorho ti'ndange tilibone belelesuwor, belelesuwor."
Tufala i stap singsing mo, laf i go klosap long deilaet. Taem
wan i stap singsing se,
"Nesorho t'ndange tilibone, belelesuwor belelesuwo".
Nara wan i singsing se,"Madagal sara, Madagal sara. II (I
minim se man ia bambae i hangap samples).
Tufala i go gogo i sek nomo we wan lif i tajem sora blong
man ia tufala i karem. Nao man ia i saksakem leg blong em
insaed long han blong pamtri ia mo tufala i girap i sakem
man ia long han blong wan tri. Man ia i stap hang antap.
Emi singaot ol fren blong hem b1ong oli kam. Tufala i fraet
from delaet finis mo tufala i ron wei. Man ia i hang antap mo
ol fren blong em oli jas karem em i kam daon. Oli mekem
faea i smokem man ia, we devel i karem long naet.
Faea i smokem em mo mekem tingting blong em i kam gud
bakegen.
Naet = Night
Smol = Small
Tumas = Too much
Harem = To hear
Askem = To Ask
Sek = Socked
Lif = Leaves
Sora = Ear
Saksakem = Shake
Sakem = To through
Fraet = Afriad
Delaet = day light
Ron Wei = Ran Away
Hangap = Hang up
Fren = Friend
Faea = Fire
Smokem = Smoking
Tingting = Memory/ thoughts
Ron = To Run
Winim = To Win
Narafala = Others
Pamtri = Palm Tree
Stanap = To Stand
Hed = head
Leg = Leg
Kavremap = To cover up
Han blong pam tri = Palm tree
branch
1. From wanem ol devel i karem man ia?
2. Wanem i mekem fren blong em i ron wei?
3. Sipos i no dei laet kwik bambae i olsem wanem.
100
VOCABULARY:
BISLAMA
Anamol
Berem
Draem
Faen
Fiva
Hangri
Kaliko
Kantri
Krab
Maj
Naef
Pen
Planem
Praod
Sakem
Smelem
Swea
Tij
Wajem
ENGLISH
Animal
Bury
Dry
Fine
Fever
Hungry
Textile, loin cloth
Country
Crab
Match
Knife
Paint
Plant
Proud
Throw (out)
Smell
Swear
Teach
Watch
BISLAMA
Baebol
Bildem
Evridei
Fanis
Gru
Jusum
Kanal
Faet
Lida
Man bus
Niuspepa
Pentem
Praes
Raep
Sapenem
Stonem
Tajem
Tiket
Wokbaot
101
ENGLISH
Bible
Build
Every day
fence
Grow
Choose
Santo
Fight
Leader
Pagan
Newspaper
Paint
Price
Ripe
Sharpen
Stone
Touch
Ticket
Travel, walk
Unit 18: SAVE

Save has a variety of related meanings and is used as a noun, verb, and modifier. These are
To know
Can, be able to, know how to
Allowed to, may
Commonly, usually
Knowledge, expertise, awareness
18.1
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
To Know
Mi save woman ia.
Yu save fasin blong gel ia.
Oli no save.
Woman blong mi i save.
18.2
I know this woman.

I know this girls attitude (or behavior or style).
They dont know.
My wife knows.
Can, be able to, know how to
This use of save indicates competence or ability in performing an action. When used in this
way, save is placed immediately before the verb.
Examples;
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
18.3
Patrick i save daeva.

Pol i save composem singsing.
Rebecca i save kukum yam.
Koran mbae i save kam.
Patrick can/knows how to dive.

Pol can/is able to compose songs.
Rebecca knows how to cook yam.
Koran will be able to come.
Allowed to, may
i. Julie i save go long danis.

Julie is allowed to go to the dance.
ii. Ol woman oli no save go insaed. Women are not allowed to go inside.
iii. Yu save kaekae laplap ia.
You may eat this/that laplap.
Note: The verb LETEM (to let) is used when indicating the granting of permission. For
example i. Police i letem olgeta i go.
ii. Pita i letem gel blong hem i maret.
The police let them go.

Peter allowed his daughter to marry.
102
18.4
Commonly, usually
This use of save indicates a habitual aspect to the trait described.

i. Jim i save kakae fis.
Jim usually eats fish.
ii. Hem i save swe long woman blong hem. He commonly swears at his wife.
18.5
Knowledge, expertise, awareness, intelligence
i. Man ia i gat save.

ii. Moli i save problem ia.
iii. Eimi hemi save mats gud.
18.5
This/that man is intelligent.

Moli is aware.of the problem.
Amy knows a lot about math.
Use/meaning of No Save
No save is used as the negative of the all meanings of save. The position of no save in a
sentence is the same as save.
They cannot sing.
They can sing.
i. Olgeta i no save singsing.

ii. Olgeta i save singsing.
iii. Yu no save kukum raes long sospen ia. You may not cook rice in this pot.
iv. Yu save kukum raes long sospen ia.
You may cook rice in this pot.
103
EXERCISES #18
A. Translate the following sentences into English..
i.
I can climb a coconut tree.

___________________________________________________________________
ii.
Roger can fish and search for shells.

___________________________________________________________________
iii.
James is able to drive a car.

___________________________________________________________________
iv.
His/her brother is good at rugby.

___________________________________________________________________
v.
They can speak Bislama.

___________________________________________________________________
vi.
This/that boy is intelligent.

___________________________________________________________________
vii. You (plural) can climb a coconut tree.

___________________________________________________________________
viii. This/that girl can cook curry chicken.

___________________________________________________________________
ix.
Dorah can compose songs.

___________________________________________________________________
x.
This/that man usually hits his wife.

___________________________________________________________________
B. Now, write your translations using no save.
i.
____________________________________________________________________
ii.
____________________________________________________________________
iii.
____________________________________________________________________
iv.
____________________________________________________________________
v.
____________________________________________________________________
vi.
____________________________________________________________________
vii. ____________________________________________________________________
viii. ____________________________________________________________________
ix.
____________________________________________________________________
104
x.
____________________________________________________________________
105
DIALOG 9
LONG OSPITAL
AT THE HOSPITAL
Misis Jones emi luk pikinini blong em long rum

blong slip. Pikinini ia emi harem nogud. Emi
no save girap blong go long skul. Hed blong em
i sohed mo ae blong em i hevi tumas. Emi gat
fiva, wan sik we i kasem plante man long
Vanuatu.
Mrs J: Evelin, ating bambae mi tekem Pol i go
luk dokta long hospital. Emi harem nogud
tumas.
Evelin: Wanem sik blong em Misis?
Mrs J: Hed blong em i olsem faea, mo semtaem
bodi blong em i kolkol.
Evelin: Tru, emi fiva Misis. I gud yu tekem emi
go long hospital blong oli stikim em.
[Taem oli kam long hospital i gat plante man oli
stap wet long dokta.]
Mrs J: Evelin, ating olgeta ia oli stap wet blong
luk dokta Spooner.
Evelin: Yes, Misis, ating klosap teti man i stap
wet.
Mrs J: Pol i harem nogud tumas. Yu traem
askem long nes blong emi kam luk fasteam.
Maet emi save givim stik meresin.
Evelin: Oraet Misis, mi go luk.
Mrs J: Yu no stap longtaem tumas Evelin.
[Wan nes emi pas long klinik. Emi luk pikinini
blong Misis Jones emi sik tumas.]
Mrs J: Nes, plis, yu save givim stik meresin
blong kilim fiva blong pikinini blong mi?
Nas:Oraet Misis.Yu wet smol bae mi karem stik
meresin i kam.
Mrs J: Nes emi kambak. Emi stikim Pol blong
emi harem gud bakegen.
Evelin: Mi sori tumas long olgeta ia. Long
manis ia i gat plante sik long Vila.
Nas: Oraet, mi stikim em finis. Yufala i mas
tekem Nivakwin long evri wik long taem olsem,
from i gat plante moskito naoia.
Mrs J: Yes nes, mi save, be mi no laekem
givim tablet long tufalapikinini blong mi.
Nes: Sori be sapos yu wantem tufala I stap gud
mo no kasem sik ia, yu ,mas givim.
Mrs Jones looks at her child in the bedroom. The

child is not feeling well. He cannot get up to go
to school. He has a headache and his eyes are
very heavy. He has malaria, an illness which
strikes many people in Vanuatu.
Mrs J: Evelin,1 think I'll take Paul to see the
doctor at the hospital. He is very sick.
Evelin: What's the matter with him?
Mrs J: His head is burning hot,and sometimes his
body is very cold.
Evelin: That's malaria all right. It's a good idea
for you to take him to the hospital for an
injection.
[When they arrive at the hospital clinic there are
lots of people waiting for the doctor.]
Mrs J: Evelin, I think all these people are waiting
to see Dr Spooner.
Evelin: Yes, I thnk theres about thirty patients
waiting there.
Mrs J: Paul is feeling very sick. Go and ask the
nurse to come and have a look first. Maybe (s)he
can give him an injection.
Evelin: All right, then. Ill go and see.
Mrs J: Dont be too long, Evelin.
[A nurse came through the clinic. (Saw that Mrs.
Jones'child is very sick]
Mrs J: Nurse, please can you give an injection to
help my childs fever?
Nurse: All right, wait here, Ill bring the syringe.
Mrs J: The nurse is back now. S/he will give
Paull an injection to make him feel better.
Evelin: I pity these sick people here. There is a
lot of sick cases in Vila this month.
Nurse: All right, I've given the injection. You
must take Nivaquin every week during this time
of the year as theres plenty of mosquitoes now.
Mrs J: Yes nurse, I know, but I don't like giving
tablets to my two children.
Nurse: Im sorry but if you want your children to
stay healthy youll have to give them the tablets.
106
Unit 19: FINIS

The different uses of finis include a number of variations all related to something that has
happened in the past.
19.1
To have accomplished (an action)
In this usage finis is placed at the end of the sentence and is translated have already.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
19.2
Oli kaekae finis.

Oli katem wud finis.
Mi wasem ol plet finis.
Emi pem kaon blong hem finis.
They have already eaten.

They have already cut the wood.
I have already washed the plates.
He/she has already paid his/her account.
To have finished (a task)
To have finished a task is indicated by finis preceeding the verb to which it refers and is
translated simply as finished.
i. Oli finis kakae
ii. Pol i finis swim.
19.3
They have finished eating.

Paul has finished bathing/swimming.
Finisim - the transitive verb form
Finisim is translated as the appropriate for of the English infinitive to finish and also
as its past tense - finished.
i. Ol gel i finisim evri kaekae.
The girls finished all the food.
ii. Bae mi finisim was blong mi tumoro. I will finish my washing tomorrow.
iii. Jenny i finisim wok long karen.
Jenny finished working in the garden.
19.4
Then
Finis is used as a connective word translated as then.

i. Ken i brasem karen finis i bonem.
ii. Oli somap klos finis oli wasem.
Ken slashed the garden then he burned it.

They sewed the clothes then they washed them.
107
EXERCISES #19
A. In the following sentences, indicate which of the four (4) categories of finis the sentence belongs
i.
to by putting the number 1,2,3 or 4 in the space provided.

The girls have finished cooking the pork.
vi. Cynthia has just finished bathing.
Category - ________________________
Category - _______________________
ii.
The nurse has given the medication.

Category - ________________________
vii. We burned the bush then built a shelter.

Category - _______________________
iii.
Kenneth ironed the trousers then wore them. viii. I have done the dishes.
Category - ________________________
Category - _______________________
iv.
The rat ate all the cheese.

Category - ________________________
ix.
v.
All the tickets have been sold.

Category - ________________________
x. The dog stopped barking.
I will finish my washing tomorrow.

Category - _______________________
Category - _________________________
B. Translate the sentences in A above into Bislama.
i.
_________________________________________________________________________
ii.
_________________________________________________________________________
iii.
_________________________________________________________________________
iv.
_________________________________________________________________________
v.
_________________________________________________________________________
vi.
_________________________________________________________________________
vii.
_________________________________________________________________________
viii.
_________________________________________________________________________
ix.
_________________________________________________________________________
x.
________________________________________________________________________
108
COMPREHENSION 9
WOMAN WE I MEKEM LAFET BLONG OL FAMLI BLONG EM
I gat wan woman long wan villij klosap long solwota, emi maret i go long medel blong
aelan, long Venevet Marasing. Tufala i stap long Venevet Marasing gogo tufala harem
toktok se, ankel blong woman ia i ded. Be man ia i no letem em i go. Emi krae nomo afta
tufala i go long karen. Tufala i stap i no long taem mo harem se mama blong woam ia i sik.
Mo i no long taem mama blong em i ded. Be i semak nomo, woman ia i sori nomo be i no
save go.
I no long taem oli sanem toktok se, "Sista blong em i sik mo i no long taem em tu i ded. I
no long taem brata blong em i sik, woman ia i se, emia las famli blong mi, bambae mi
nomo save luk wan famli blong mi, mi mas go." Be man blong em i no letem em, emi se,
"Sapos yu go bae ol man oli kilim yu tu. Brata blong em i ded tu. Tufala i stap yet i harem
nius se papa blong em tu i sik; emi se, "Naoia mi mas go. Mi nomo gat wan famli i stap.
Papa blong mi nomo i stap be hem tu i sik bakegen.
"Papa blong mi i stap long poen blong ded, mi mas go kwik sapos mi wantem harem las
toktok blong em. Woman ia i girap man blong em i se, Bambae yu go nating, yu no
karem wan samting. Sipos yu gat wan famli, bambae i givhan long yu."
Women ia i tekem wan pig mo wan yam mo wan wota-taro mo fulumap long basket blong
em. Hemi livim Venevet Marasing mo stap krae taem emi stap wokabaot i go.
"Kive dor vetmarasinge, Wuse-e-Wuse-e-e.
Kiveronge Kataman Mesei-ia Wuse-e-Wuse-e-e."
Taem emi kasem wan vilej long rod ol man oli se, Yu go kwik naoia Papa blong yu i no
mo kakae. Hemi go daon, taem i kam long wan nara vilej ol man oli se "Yu go kwik,
naoia Papa blong yu i nomo toktok," Emi krae i taem emi stapgo. Taem emi kasem wan las
vilej, ol man oli se, "Yu go kwik, Papa blong yu i nomo pulum gud win.
Emi krae i go, taem emi kasem velij blong em ol man i se, Papa blong yu hat blong em i
wik tumas. Hemi kasem doa blong Papa blong em, i go insaed mo tajem em be papa
blong em i ded finis.
Ol man i kam krae wetem em. Hemi tanen raon mo talem olsem; i nomo gat wan man
blong givhan long mi blong mekem kakae blong dead blong papa blong mi. Hemi tekem
aot ol samting we emi tekem wetem em long baskem mo sakem yam daon olsem ol bigfala
hip blong yam i kam stap. Hemi sakem wota-taro daon mo ol bigfala hip blong wota taro i
kam stap.
Hemi talem long ol man, "Yufala i go karem ol kakae blong ol ded famli blong mi, ol man i
selebreitem lafet ia long wan hundred dei."
Mo woman ia emi nomo go bak, emi stap long vilej blong Papa blong em.
1. From wanem woman ia i no kam long ol ded blong ol famli blong em fastaem?
2. Wanem i mekem woman ia i livim man blong em long Venevet Maraing?
3. Sipos no man i ino kambak bae i olsem wanem?
109
Unit 20: KLOSAP

Klosap is derived from the English phrase, close up. It has four related meanings -
20.1
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Almost/Nearly Modifying a Verb
Klosap trak blong mi i kapsaed.

Klosap mi brekem leg blong mi.
Klosap oli finis nao.
Klosap John i foldaon long bed las night.
My truck almost/nearly overturned.

I almost/nearly broke my leg.
Theyre almost/nearly finished.
John almost/nearly fell off the bed last night.
In this usage, klosap always appears at the beginning of a sentence. However, if you want to
emphasize to whom or what a statement refers, the form follows this example
Man ia, klosap mi sutum hem
20.2
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
That man, I almost shot him.
Almost/Nearly Modifying a Noun Phrase
Klosap twenti man.

Klosap evri man.
Klosap yumi evriwan.
Klosap ten pikinini.
Oli kilim ded klosap twenty man.
Jif I wantem luk klosap yumi evriwan.
Almost/nearly twenty men.

Almost/nearly all the men.
Almost/nearly all of us.
Almost/nearly ten children.
They killed almost/nearly twenty men.
The chief wants to see almost/nearly all of us.
Note: With numerals and time phrases both klosap and klosap long are used
interchangeably.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
Klosap wan handred man.

Klosap long wan handred man.
Klosap medel naet.
Klosap long medel naet.
Oli kakae klosap faev buluk.
Oli kambak klosap long medel naet.
20.3
Nearly 100 men.

Nearly 100 men.
At almost midnight.
At almost midnight.
They ate nearly 5 bullocks.
They came back at almost midnight.
Near/Close Modifying a Verb
i. Vila i stap klosap nomo. Vila is just close.

ii. Vilij i klosap nao.
The village is close now.
20.4
Near/Close to Modifying a Noun Phrase
To indicate location, the phrase klosap long is used.

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Haos blong hem i stap klosap long solwota.

Stoa i stap klosap long haos blong Bill.
Solomon i sitdaon klosap long Armstrong.
Patrick i stap klosap long rod.
Mi foldaon klosap long bas stap.
110
His house is near/close to the sea.

The store is near/close to Bills house.
Solomon sits near/close to Armstrong.
Patrick lives near/close to the road.
I fell near/close to the bus stop.
EXERCISES #20
A. Translate thes sentences into English.
i. Aelan I stap klosap nomo.
ii. Yu bin go samples klosap long Dead sea.
iii. Klosap vilij blong Epau I fulap long ol man Amerika.
iv. Office blong Pis Kop I stap klosap long bikfala rod.
v. From wanem nao yumi mas no go klosap long man ia?
B. Using the three pictures below, create three Bislama sentences using klosap.
i. ___________________________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________________________
iii. ___________________________________________________________
111
Unit 21: NOMO

Nomo translates as only, just, or no longer.
21.1
Only
In this usage, nomo can come before or after the verb.

i. Mi wantem biskit nomo.
ii. Jak nomo i scorem poen.
21.2
I want biscuits only.

Only Jack scored points.
Just
In this usage, nomo can only come after the verb.

i. Ben i les nomo.
ii. Hem i wokem mat nomo.
Ben is just lazy.

He/She just makes mats.
In some contexts jas is needed as well as nomo. Jas is placed before the verb while nomo
comes after the verb. (Jas is derived from the English, just.)
i. Ron i jas kambak long moning nomo.
ii. Mifala i jas finisim kakae nomo.
21.3
Ron just came back this morning.

We just finished the food.
No longer
In this usage, nomo can come either before or after the verb. It usually indicates the negative
of the verb.
i. Hemi nomo wantem.
ii. Mary i nomo kakae.
iii. Henry i nomo krae.
He/She no longer wants it.

Mary is no longer eating.
Henry is no longer crying.
EXERCISES #21
A. Translate the following into Bislama:
i.
Mark no longer wants to drive the car.

____________________________________________________________________________
ii.
Richard just grows taro.

____________________________________________________________________________
iii.
We just ate laplap.

____________________________________________________________________________
iv.
I only want a coke.

____________________________________________________________________________
v.
I just Learned Bislama.

____________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 22: KASEM, KAREM, TEKEM

These three, related words have a wide variety of meanings and uses. Their various
definitions and applications follow.
22.1
Kasem
22.1.1 Meaning To reach or To arrive

Bae plen i kasem ples ia long wanem taem? What time will the plane arrive?
Wanem taem bae plen i kasem eapot?
What time will the plane reach the airport?
22.1.2 Meaning To understand

Yu kasem wanem mi talem?
Do you understand what I am telling you?
22.1.3 Meaning To catch something physically or to catch a means of transport

Mi kasem 5 fis yestedei.
Mi kasem bas mi kam.
I caught 5 fish yesterday.

I came by bus.
22.1.4 Meaning to have or to contract (as a disease)

Man ia i kasem malaria.
This man has/contracted malaria.
22.1.5 Meaning until

Rachel i wok kasem haf pas fo long aftanun.
Yu mas stap long haos kasem mi kambak.
Rachel works until 4:30PM.

You must stay home until I return.
22.1.6 Meaning as far as

Mifala i go kasem volcano.
John i go kasem Onesua.
We went as far as the volcanoe.

John went as far as Onesua.
22.1.7 Meaning to fetch or to get

Thomas i kasem fulap fis.
Yumi kasem wota long wel.
22.2
Thomas fetched a lot of fish.

We get water from the well.
Karem
22.2.1 Meaning To bring

Bae mi karem sam aranis i kam.
I'll bring some oranges.
22.2.2 Meaning To carry

Bae mi helpem blong karem bak blong yu. I'll help carry your bag for you.
Mi save karem bebe blong yu?
Can I carry your baby?
113
22.2.3 Meaning To take

Karem laplap i go long maket.
Take the laplap to the market.
No fogetem blong karem meresin blong yu. Don't forget to take your medicine.
22.2.4 Meaning To drive (e.g., a car)
Thompson i karem waet trak.
Sandy i karem wan red bas.
Thompson drives a white truck.

Sandy drives a red bus.
22.2.5 Meaning To marry

Patrick i karem woman Santo.
Luisa i karem man America.
Patrick married a woman from Santo.

Louisa married an American man.
22.2.6 Meaning To give birth

Evelin i karem wan boe.
Buluk ia i karem tri pikinini.
2.3
Evelyn gave birth to a son.

The cow bore three calves.
Tekem
2.3.1 Meaning To take
Tekem ol plet i go long kijin.
Yu save tekem ples blong mi.
Take the dishes to the kitchen.

You can take my place.
23.3.2 Meaning To give birth

Tekem big naef i kam.
Bring a bush knife.
23.3.3 Meaning To have

Tekem basket ia blong yu.
You can have this bag.
114
HOMEWORK:
For each of the meanings of kasem, karem and tekem, write one sentence in bislama
1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________________
7. ______________________________________________________________________
8. ______________________________________________________________________
9. ______________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________
11. _____________________________________________________________________
12. _____________________________________________________________________
13. _____________________________________________________________________
14. _____________________________________________________________________
15. _____________________________________________________________________
16. _____________________________________________________________________
115
Unit 23: SE
Se, meaning that or so that, is often used with many common verbs, but not always. It
is also used to mean whether, as the verb to say and to introduce a quote. Note that a
number of verbs require the use of se where the word that is implied, but not used, in
English.
23.1
Verbs Requiring Se
Note: Se is required for these verbs when the meaning is <verb> that.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Harem se
Ting se
Talem se
Hop se
Save se
Bilif se
Haremsave se
Luksave se
Luk se
Askem se
Ansa se
Minim se
to hear (that)
to think (that)
to say (that)
to hope (that)
to know (that)
to believe (that)
to understand (that)
to recognize (that)
to see (that)
to ask (that)
to answer (that)
to mean (that)
Examples Mi harem se gavman blong yumi bae i jenis.

Rebecca i ting se Solomon i sik.
Yumi glad blong talem se Jisas i laef bakegen.
Mi hop se bae mi go long America samtaem.
Mi bilif se Richard hemi plei gitar.
23.2
I heard that our government is changing.

Rebecca thinks that Solomon is sick.
We are happy to say Jesus is alive again.
I hope that I will go to America one day.
I believe that Richard plays the guitar.
Se Meaning So that
Note: Se can come either after the verb in the beginning of a sentence or after a nound in the
middle of a sentence.
Examples Bebe i krae se bae mama i harem.
Mi wok se mi gat mane.
Hemi slip naoia se hemi tingting gud.
The baby cried so that the mum could hear.

I work so that I can have money.
She is sleeping now so that she can think clearly.
116
23.3
Se Meaning Whether
In cases where alternatives are offered, se corresponds to English word whether. This
usage applies if you dont know or not sure about something.
Mi no save se oli pem wan bag o tu.
I dont know whether they bought one bag or two.
Mi no sua se yumi gat wan miting o no. I am not sure whether we have a meeting or not
23.4
Se Meaning To say
Em i se i oraet nomo.
Olgeta oli se yumi no naf long ol.
Jif nao i se bae yumi gat wan miting.
He/She said that it is alright.

They said that we are not strong enough for them.
The jif said that we will have a meeting.
Note: Using se in this manner is seen by many as an abbreviated form of talem se.
23.5
Se Introducing a Direct Quote
Tufala i ansa se, Jif Ambong.

Ol man ia oli talem se, Yes.
Moskito i talem se, Mi hangre, mi hangre.
They answered, Chief Ambong.

Those people/men said, Yes.
Mosquito said, I am hungry, I am hungry.
EXERCISES #23
A. Translate into bislama
(i)
He said, Id buy that for a dollar.

_______________________________________________________
(ii)
You say I only hear what I want to hear.

_______________________________________________________
(iii)
I hope you know how to drive.

_______________________________________________________
(iv)
Koran did not recognize the song.

_______________________________________________________
(v)
I bought the candy so that we could eat it tonight.

_______________________________________________________
(vi)
Rebecca believes you are really crazy.

_______________________________________________________
117
Unit 24: RELATIVE AMOUNT/QUANTITY

Basic Vocablulary for relative amounts and quantities
24.1
Bislama
English
Tumas
Very, too much
Mo/Moa
More
Lelebet
Somewhat, rather, fairly
Smol
Small, little
Tru
Really, truly
Gud
Well, really
Tumas Meaning Very or Too Much
In this usage, tumas is most frequently placed after the word(s) it modifies.
Jack is very sick.
I feel very bad.
She eats too much.
You like it tumas.
They are tumas good/nice.
Jack i sik tumas.

Mi harem nogud tumas.
Hem i kakae tumas.
Yu laekem tumas.
Olgeta i gud tumas.
24.2
Mo/Moa Meaning More or Much
Mo/Moa is used as a comparative and as a modifier.
Haos long we i mo gud bitim haos ia.

Set ia i mo naes.
Olgeta i wantem kakae sam mo mango.
Mi wantem sam moa.
24.3
The house over there is much better than this one.

This/ that shirt is nicer.
They want to eat more mangoes.
I want some more.
Lelebet Meaning Somewhat, Rather or Fairly
Hemi bigwan lelebet.

Hemi gud lelebet long futbol.
Mifala i kros lelebet.
Mitin tedei i longfala lelebet.
Its a rather big one.

Hes/Shes fairly good at soccer.
We are somewhat angry.
Todays meeting was rather long.
118
24.4
Smol Meaning Small, Little or Rather
Smol is used similarly to lelebet.

Hemi wan smol bulluk.
Mi harem nogud smol.
Hemi gud smol.
Mi ting yufala i kranke smol.
24.5
This/that is a small bullock.

I feel a little sick.
Hes/shes rather good.
I think you are all a little crazy.
Gud Meaning Well, or Really
In this usage gud follows the word or phrase it modifies.

Mi save gud hem.
Mifala i giaman gud long hem.
Yufala i harem gud mi?
Maek i lukluk gud Pol klia.
I know him/her well.

We really lied to him/her
Do you hear me well? or Did you really hear me?
Mike really saw Paul clearly.
119
EXERCISES #24
A. Translate the following sentences into Bislama.
i.
I want more candy.
ii.
Hes rather small.
iii.
I really like the taro.
iv.
Eddie was good this year.
v.
I am very glad you liked the book.
vi.
Those papays are all very good.
vii.
We like them very much.
viii.
I want some more money.
ix.
Au Bon is much better than the other stores.
x.
This school is better than the other one.
xi.
This book is very good.
xii.
It is rather good.
120
Unit 25: ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS & LOCATION

25.1
Vocabulary
Describing and using direction vobaculary to provide directions and learn how to follow
directions using Bislama directive sentences and vocabularies.
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Narasaed
The other side of

(island/road)/opposite
Rod blong trak/bigfala rod
Main road
Bihaen long
Behind
Lefsaed
On the left
Fored
Infront of
Raetsaed
On the right
Klosap long
Close to/near to/not far Long ples ia

from
Here/there
Long wei
Over there
Tanem long raet
Turn right
Long wei long
Far from
Not
North
Antap
Uphill/inland/up
Saot
South
Daon
Downhill/towards the
coast/down
Wes
West
Smol rod
Footpath
Is
East
Stoa i stap long raed saed long rod.

Ol banana i stap bihaen long trak.
25.2
The shop is on the other side of the road.

The bananas are at the back of the truck.
Related Interrogatives
Bislama
English
Wea?
Where?
Long wea?
From where?
Long
At
Wanem?
What?
Wanem taem?
What time?
121
Olsem wanem?
How?
HOMEWORK:
Imagine you are talking with someone in the village and she wants directions from the Peace Corps
Office to your house to a store then to the church. Write the directions you would give
122
Unit 26: BAKEGEN, WANWAN & REPETITIVE ACTION

26.1 Using Bakegen in Bislama can mean Again or can mean a variety of related words in
English.
Note: Bakegen does not translate as back again.
Emi foldaon bakegen.
Em i kilim mi bakegen.
Mi wantem go long taon bakegen.
Julie i was bakegen.
26.2
He fell down again.

He hit me again.
I want to go to town again.
Julie washed again.
Bak Bakegen
26.2.1
Meaning Back again
John i go long taon, afta emi kam bak bakegen.
John went to town and then he came back again.
Bae mi go long solwota, afta bae mi kam bak bakegen.
I will be going to the sea and then I will come back again.
Olgeta oli kam bak bakegen blong luk mifala.
They came back again to see us.
26.2. Meaning To Borrow and then Return Something

Mi bin yusum rula blong David, afta mi kam putum bak bakegen.
I used Davids ruler, then I returned it.
26.3
Wanwan
26.3.1 Meaning Each

Evriwan i karem wanwan faol.
Each person brings a chicken.
Wanwan Pis Kop voluntir i mas gat bus naef.
Each Peace Corps volunteer must have a bush
knife.
26.3.2 Meaning Individually
Oli mekem wok blong olgeta wanwan.
They did their tasks individually.
Ol man ia oli somap ol aelan dres wanwan.

These/those people sewed their island dresses individually.
26.3.3 Meaning Separately
Oli go wanwan finis.
They went separately.
Man mo woman blong jioj ia oli sidaon wanwan long sevos.

Men and women of this church sit separately during the service.
26.3.4 Meaning Occasionally
Jon i kam long ples ia wanwan taem.
Emi karem frut wanwan taem.
John comes here occasionally.

It bears fruit occasionally.
123
26.4
Related Vocabulary
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
Luk
See/look at
Benem
Bend
Jam
Ump
Rabem
Rub
Foldaon
Fall
Sekem
Shake
Folem
Follow
Holem
Hold
Kilim
Kill/hit
Pasem
Pass
Brekem
Break
Fas
Full/packed
Laekem
Like
Katem
Cut
Tanem
Turn
Singaot
Call/shout/scream
Muv
Move
124
26.5
Repetitive Actions
When an action is being repeated and/or is of longer than normal duration, that is frequently
indicated by duplicating the first syllable or an entire verb.
Bislama
English
Bislama
English
LUKLUK
to look/stare/examine/
KILKILIM
to kill/hit (repeatedly)
watch.
SINGSING
to sing
BREKBREKEM
to break (into pieces)
TOKTOK
to talk
LAEKLAEKEM
like/love (continuously)
SEKSEK
to shake
TANTANEM
to turn (repeatedly)
FASFAS
full/packed/crowded
BENBENEM
to bend (continually)
JAMJAM
to jump (repeatedly)
RABRABEM
to rub (continually)
FOLFOLDAON
to fall (continually)
SEKSEKEM
to shake (repeatedly)
FOLFOLEM
to follow (continually)
HOLHOLEM
to hold
Examples Yu no stap lukluk mi olsem.
Dont stare at me like that.
Sam i stap seksekem haos ia gogo i foldaon. Sams was shaking that house until it fell down.
Ren i stap folfoldaon olsem evri taem nomo.
The rain continues to fall just like this all the time.
Mi laekem tumas taem woman blong mi i stap rabrabem baksaed blong mi.
I love it when my wife rubs my back.
125
EXERCISES #25
A. Translate the following into Bislama.
i. We are going to eat tin fish again?
______________________________________________________________________________
ii. Koran went to Vila, then he came back.
______________________________________________________________________________
iii. Im going to the store then Ill come back
______________________________________________________________________________
iv. Mark borrowed my CD but he didnt give it back.
______________________________________________________________________________
B. Write the four uses of wanwan and write a sentence for each in Bislama.
_____________________
__________________________________________________________
_____________________
__________________________________________________________
_____________________
__________________________________________________________
_____________________
__________________________________________________________
126
Unit 27: LIKES & DISLIKES

27.1
Expressing Likes and Dislikes

Bislama
27.2
English
Mi laekem
Mi no laekem
I like
I dont like
Yu laekem
Yu no laekem
Mifala i laekem
You like
You dont like
We like it
Mifala i no laekem
Yufala i laekem
We dont like it
You like it
Yufala i no laekem
You dont like it
Olgeta i laekem
Olgeta i no laekem
They like it
They dont like it
Hem i laekem
Hem i no laekem
He/she likes it
He/she doesnt like it
Explaining Your Likes and Dislikes

Bislama
English
From se/ From we

I naes
Because
Its nice
I no naes
I smel gud
Its not nice

It smells good
I tes gud
I no smel gud
I smol tumas
It tastes good
It doesnt smell good
Its too small
I bigwan tumas
I sot tumas
Its too big

Its too short
I longfala tumas
Its too long
127
Unit 28: TAEM, TAEM WE, LONG TAEM WE

In Bislama dependent time clauses are introduced by taem, taem we and long taem we.
Taem translates when
Taem we translates during the time that
Long taem we translates on the occasion of
While some speakers make a distinction between taem, taem we and long taem we, for many
they are interchangeable and all can be translated when.
28.1
Taem Meaning When
Taem olgeta oli harem nius, oli kam kwiktaem.

When they heard the news, they came quickly.
Taem jaj i kamtru, yufala evriwan i mas stanap.
When the judge arrives, you all have to stand.
28.2
Taem We Meaning When
Taem we emi stap long Ostrelia, emi wantem kambak long Vanuatu.
When he lived in Australia, he wanted to return to Vanuatu.
Taem we mi stap long Santo, mi gat fiva oltaem.
When I was in Santo, I always had a fever.
28.3
Long Taem We Meaning When
Long taem we mi smol yet, mi stap skul long Rangorango.

When I was still small/young, I went to school at Rangorango.
Note: Long taem we is not as commonly used in Bislama sentences as taem and taem we.
When it is used, it is always translated when in English.
28.4
Time Related Phrases

Bislama
English
Long taem ia (we)
At that time (when)
Stret long taem (we)
Exactly as
Bifo long taem (we)
Before when
Oltaem
Always/continually/all the time/most of the time
128
Longtaem finis
Long ago/for a long time.
I no longtaem
Recently/shortly/soon/not long.
Examples:
Long taem ia we ol man soldia blong Amerika oli kam, mi no bon yet.
At the time when the American soldiers came, I wasnt born yet.
Stret long taem ia we emi ded, glas i brok.
Exactly the same time when she/he died, the glass shattered.
Bifo long taem we mi yangfala yet, ino gat wof long Vila.
Before, when I was still young, there was no wharf in Vila.
Anna i go bak long aelan long taem finis.
Anna went back to the island a long time ago.
Emi kambak i no longtaem.
He came back recently.
129
Unit 29: ASKING & TELLING TIME

29.1 Asking and telling time in Bislama and using phrases that describe times of the day.
Questions
Wanem taem plis?
Whats the time, please?
Wanem dei tedei?
Whats the day today?
Wanem deit tedei?
Whats the date?
Yu go wanem taem?
When are you going?
Yu kambak wanem taem?
When are you coming back?
29.2
Vocabulary Related to Days
English
Bislama
Yesterday
Today
Tommorow
Yesterday morning
This morning
Tomorrow morning
Early in the morning
Daylight
At midday
29.3
Yestedei
Tedei
Tumora
Yestedei long moning
Tedei long moning
Tumora long moning
Long eli moning
Delaet
Long medel dei
English
Bislama
At lunch hour
In the afternoon
In the evening
Tonight
At midnight
Sunset
Sunrise
Day
Long dina
Long aftenun
Long safa
Tedei long naet
Long medel naet
Taem san i go daon
Taem san i kam antap
Dei
Vocabulary Related to Minutes and Hours
English
Bislama
English
Bislama
AM
Long moning
PM
Long aftenun/long
safa/long naet
Time
Taem
To/before
Blong kasem/blong faenem
Second
Seken
Going towards
I stap ronem/go from
Minute
Minit
Around
Samwe long/samples long
Hour
Haoa
Oclock
O klok/klok
Exactly
Stret, stret long
Quarter past
Kwota pas
Close to/almost
Klosap
Quarter to
Kwota tu
130
Past
Lusum/i ova long/bitim
Half past
131
Haf pas
Unit 30: SHOPPING AT A STORE

30.1 Shopping in a local community store using Bislama phrases and vocabularies that can
help you purchase your supplies and ask for prices.
Useful Questions
English
Bislama
Whats this?
Wanem hemia?
Whats the name for this?
Wanem nem blong hemia?
Whats this called in Bislama?
Wanem nem blong hemia long Bislama?
Where is the store/...?
Wea nao sto/...?
Where is a store where I can buy .?
Wea nao sto blong pem ...?
Can I buy a here?
Mi save pem long ples ia?
How much for that?
Hamas long hem?
What is the pirce for this?
Wanem praes long hemia?
How much for one?
Hamas long wan?
Is there one that is slightly

smaller/bigger/...?
I gat wan we i smol/bigwan/... lelebet?
Is there one slightly cheaper?
I gat wan we i jip lelebet?
Is this fresh?
Hemia i fres ia?
Do you sell here?
Yufala i salem long ples ia?
132
DIALOG 10
STOKIPA:
Gud moning fren.
Good morning friend)
KASTOMA: Gud moning.

STOKIPA:
(Good morning)
Olsem wanem, mi save helpem

yu?
KASTOMA: O, yes plis, mi wantem pem sam

wasing sop.
STOKIPA:
I gat two difren kaen sop, Fab mo

jaenis sop
KASTOMA: Hamas long wan?

STOKIPA:
Fab emi 100vt, jaenis sop emi

50vt.
Ok, emia 50vt jens blong yu.
KASTOMA: Tank yu tumas, Ale tata.

STOKIPA:
(Oh yes please, Id like to buy some

washing soap?)
(There are two kinds of soap(sold
here). Fab and Chinese soap)
(How much is it for one?)
KASTOMA: I oraet, mbae mi karem wan jaenis

sop nomo. Hemia 100vt.
STOKIPA:
(How are you, can I help you?)
(Fab is 100vt, Chinese soap is 50

vt.)
(Well, Ill just get a Chinese soap.
Heres 100 vt.)
(Heres your change of 50 vt)
(Thank you very much, bye.)
Ale, tank yu, lukim yu!
(Okay thank you, see you!)
133
Unit 31: ANATOMY/HEALTH CONDITIONS

31.1 Identifying body parts in Bislama Language and Expressing your self in illness in
Bislama.
Anatomy
31.2
English
Bislama
English
Bislama
Head
Hed
Throat
Trot
Hair
Hea
Neck
Nek
Eye
Ae
Cheek
Jik
Ear
Sora/ia
Shoulder
Solda
Nose
Nos
Chest
Jes
Mouth
Maot
Breast
Titi
Tooth/teeth
Tut
Armpit
Antanit long han
Tongue
Tang
Elbow
Joen long han
Finger
Fingga
Private part
Tabu ples
Belly buton
Nambutong
Knee
Joen blong lek
Leg
Lek
Knee
Ni
Hand
Han
Back
Baksaed
Back
Bak
Buttock
As
Health Conditions
English
Bislama
I am not feeling well
Mi harem nogud
I have sores on my
Mi gat so long (body part)
134
I am pregnant
Mi gat bel
I have diarrhoea
Mi kasem sitsit wota
I have backache.
Bak blong mi i so
My leg is painful.
Lek blong mi i so.
My hand is painful.
Han long mi i so.
Ive got headache.
Hed blong mi i so.
DIALOG 11
Doctor:
Gud moning, olsem wanem?
(Good morning, how are you/)
Patient:
Gud moning dokta, mi no silip gud

from bel blong mi i so tumas.
(Good morning doctor, I did not sleep

well due to my stomach ache.)
Doctor:
Yu kasem sitsit wota?
(Did you contract diahrea?)
Patient:
Yes dokta.
(Yes doctor).
Doctor:
Yu bin tekem sam meresin finis?
(Have you taken some medication?)
Patient:
Yes, mi bin tekem 2 panadol finis.
(Yes, I have taken 2 panadol)
Doctor:
OK bae mi mekem pepa bae yu go

karem sam moa panadol.
(Ok, Ill fill up a form for you to pick up

more at the chemist)
Patient:
Tank yu tumas dokta, naoia bae mi

save slip gud bagegen.
(Thank you very much doctor, now I will

be able to sleep better.)
Doctor:
Ale, tata.
(Okay bye.)
Patient:
Ale.
(Okay.)
135
Unit 32: NEGATIVE AND YES/NO QUESTIONS

32.1
Positive Questions
Positive questions are those which are asked in an affirmative form - i.e., they do not include
a negative (refer to 32.2 for clarification of this definition). Positive questions are answered
as they are in English.
Examples:
Q:
A1:
A2:
Jon i wantem kam?

Yes, hemi wantem come.
No, hemi no wantem come.
Does John want to come?

Yes, he wants to come.
No, he does not want to come.
Q:
A1:
A2:
Mala, i kam long Santo?

Yes, hemi kam long Santo.
No, hemi no kam long Santo.
Does Mala come from Santo?

Yes, she comes from Santo
No, she does not come from Santo.
To stress an affirmative answer we can be added at the end of the response. However, we is
not added at the end of the sentence if the answer is no.
32.2
Negative Questions
Negative questions are those than include a negative - i.e., they ask if something didnt
happen or isnt wanted or the like. These questions are answered differently in Bislama than
English. This is initially very confusing to people who are used the to English construction.
Example:
Q:
A1:
A2:
A3:
Hemi no slip yet?

Yes, hemi no silip yet.
Si, hemi slip finis.
Si, hemi stap silip nao.
Hasnt (s)he slept yet?

Yes, s(he) hasnt slept yet.
Yes, (s)he has already slept.
Yes, (s)he is asleep.
Note: Si is derived from the French wi and is used to indicate yes.
136
32.3
Yes/No Questions
Bislama does not have a specific grammatical structure for asking Yes/No questions. Yes/No
questions are indicated by intonation only. When a question is asked, it is done in the form
of a statement with the tone raised at the end.
Examples:
Q:
A:
Q:
A:
Q:
A:
Yu dring ti finis?
Yes, mi dring ti finis
Yu kakae pik?
Yes, mi kakae pik.
Trak ino go yet?
Yes, ino go yet.
32.4
Have you had breakfast?

Yes, Ive had breakfast
Do you eat pork?
Yes, I eat pork.
Has the truck left/gone yet?
No, it hasnt left/gone yet.
Question Add-Ons
32.4.1 No Gat
Sometimes no gat is added to a question if the person asking the question isnt sure of
the answer to expect.
Examples:
Q: Yu save faet o nogat?
Can you fight or not?
A: No, mi no save faet.
No, I cannot fight.
Q: Yu save katem faeawud o

nogat?
Can you job firewood?

Are you able to chop firewood or not?
A: No mi no save katem faeawud.
No, I cannot cut/chop firewood.
Q: Bubu i tijim yu kastom o nogat? Did grandpa/grandma teach you customs?

A: Yes, bubu i tijim mi kastom.
Yes, grandpa/grandma taught me customs.
32.4.1 A for Emphasis

Yes/No questions are often followed by an a which means Isnt that so! The tone
of voice is raised when adding the a.
137
Examples:
Q: Hemi kross, a?
Hes angry, is he?
A: Yes, hemi kross
Yes, hes angry.
Q: I nogat, a?
There isnt any, is there?
A: Yes, i gat.
Yes, there is.
138
Unit 33: STORY TELLING AND COMPREHENSION

The following phrases will help you storian with Bislama speakers who are interested in
knowing more about you and the United States.
Bislama
English
Wan taem i gat wan
Once upon a time there was a
Long taem we
At that time when
From se
Because
Samples long
Somewhere about
Olgeta i stap long
They stayed at
Emi ded (finis)
S(he) is dead (died)
Katem aot
Cut off
Kamdaon long
Come down the
Em i luk wan
S(he) saw a
Em i harem gud/ nogud
S(he) doesnt feel good/bad
Olgeta i gladglad/ hapi
S(he) glad/ happy
Tufala i kros
They were angry
Tufala i maret
They got married
139

Bislama Handbook - Revision July 2011

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Bislama Workbook

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FACTS ABOUT BISLAMA

Unit 1: SOUNDS OF BISLAMA

Unit 3: MARKET WOKABAOT

Unit 4: INTRODUCTION OF SELF

Unit 5: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE TENSES

Unit 8: BISLAMA PRONOUNS

Unit 9: HEM AND EM

Unit 10: GAT

Unit 11: INTERROGATIVES

Unit 12: VERBS AND VERB ENDINGS

Unit 13: ADDITIONAL VERBS

Unit 14: CONNECTIVE WORDS

Unit 15: MONTHS, WEEKS, DAYS AND AGES

Unit 16: STAP

Unit 17: OLSEM

Unit 18: SAVE

Unit 19: FINIS

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Unit 20: KLOSAP

Unit 21: NOMO

Unit 22: KASEM, KAREM, TEKEM

Unit 24: RELATIVE AMOUNT/QUANTITY

Unit 25: ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS & LOCATION

Unit 26: BAKEGEN, WANWAN & REPETITIVE ACTION

Unit 27: LIKES & DISLIKES

Unit 28: TAEM, TAEM WE, LONG TAEM WE

Unit 29: ASKING & TELLING TIME

Unit 30: SHOPPING AT A STORE

Unit 31: ANATOMY/HEALTH CONDITIONS

Unit 32: NEGATIVE AND YES/NO QUESTIONS

Unit 33: STORY TELLING AND COMPREHENSION

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FACTS ABOUT BISLAMA

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Unit 1: SOUNDS OF BISLAMA

Bislama has five vowels - A, E, I, O, U

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AE Pronounced like a long-I.

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The following consonants are not used in correct written Bislama - C, Q, X, Z

Letter Used Letter Used

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Basic Sentence Types

Fren blong mi i helpem mi.

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The child cried.

He/she fell down.

This man knows.

Pita i sik tumas.

Pita is very sick.