Osborne Reynold'S Demonstration: Experiment No. - 07
Osborne Reynold'S Demonstration: Experiment No. - 07
Osborne Reynold'S Demonstration: Experiment No. - 07
NAME
STUDENT NO.
: _____2013150752___________________________________
COURSE-SECTION
OSBORNE REYNOLDS
DEMONSTRATION______
_______
TITLE
DATE PERFORMED
DATE SUBMITTED
EXPERIMENT NO. 7
OSBORNE REYNOLDS DEMONSTRATION
I. INTRODUCTION
A flow can behave in very different ways depending upon which
forces predominate within it. Slow flows are dominated by viscous forces,
tend to be well ordered and predictable and are described as laminar. In
laminar pipe flow, the fluid behaves as if concentric layers (laminar) are
sliding over each other with maximum velocity on the axis, zero velocity at
the tube wall and a parabolic velocity distribution.
Increasing the flow rate substantially will alter the flow behavior
dramatically, as the inertia of the fluid (due to its density) becomes more
significant than the viscous forces; this is then a turbulent flow.
The Reynolds Number, provides a useful way of characterizing the
flow, it is defined as:
=
Where:
v is the kinematic viscosity: v is the mean velocity in terms of the
volume flow rate and d is the diameter of the pipe.
It is common practice to take a Reynolds number of 2,000 as the value,
which divides laminar from turbulent flow. However, this does not take
account of the transition region and it may also be possible (with great care)
to keep a flow laminar for Reynolds number up to 10,000 or more. Also, pipe
flow with Reynolds number < 1,800 are inherently laminar.
II. OBJECTIVES
To observe laminar, transitional, and turbulent pipe flow.
rapid mixing of the dye. As the test section flow rate is reduced, adjust the
bench valve to keep the overflow rate at a low level. Note that at
intermediate flows it is possible to have a laminar characteristic in the upper
part of the test-section, which develops into transitional flow lower down. This
upper section behavior is described as an inlet length flow, which means
that the boundary layer has not yet extended across the pipe radius.
Solution:
V 0.002 m3
m3
Qt = =
=2.82646 x 105
t
70.76 s
s
Qt 2.82646 x 105
m
v= =
=0.359876
A
s
2
( 0.01406 m)
4
m
0.359876 )(0.01406)
(
s
vD
R= =
=3591.575
e
m2
1.002 x 10
s
6
VII. CONCLUSION
The Osborne Reynold's Demonstration is basically done for us to be
able to determine whether a flow is a laminar or turbulent. A flow is
considered to be laminar when the individual particles are parallel to each
other, on the other hand, it is considered to be a turbulent flow when its
particles are irregular curves.
The laboratory assistant prepared the Reynolds apparatus and the
hydraulic bench. Next, the group was able to measure the time it will take for
a certain volume of liquid to flow while observing the consistency of the
laminar or turbulent flow. The group also controlled the flow valve to set for a
laminar or a turbulent flow.
From performing this experiment, the group found out that the data on
the computation satisfies with the observation weve observed for the
turbulent flow as well as for the laminar flow. The group was able to obtain a
data that satisfies with the range of the turbulent flow.
As for the laminar flow, the group obtained a Reynolds number
greater that 2000 which is observed to be laminar during the experiment.
Considering the result of our experiment, since we only had one trial
that was not able to meet the expected result, I believe that the experiment
went well. And from performing the experiment, one possible error that we
encountered was the starting and stopping of time. Another factor might be
also due to the inaccuracy in terms of reading the volume of the water.
IX. REFERENCES
A. Uy,F. A., Tan, F., & Monjardin, C. E. (2015). Laboratory Manual in Fluid
Mechanics
B. http://www.gunt.de/static/s4563_1.php
C. http://www.advantageengineering.com/fyi/156/advantageFYI156.php