1.

Drainage Design Criteria

1.1The drainage design for this proposed developments is based on the Urban
Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (Manual Saliran Mesra Alam
Malaysia) MASMA by Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia (JPS).
1.2The following chapters of MASMA are particularly relevant for arriving at the
design of the storm drainage system serving the proposed development.
Chapter 3

- Stormwater Management

Chapter 4

- Design Acceptance Criteria

Chapter 11

- Hydrologic Design Concept

Chapter 13

- Design Rainfall

Chapter 14

- Flow Estimation and Routing

1.3The following criteria shall be adopted for the design of storm water system:1.4The proposed storm water drainage shall be designed to initial storm water
runoff with 5 year Average Recurrence Interval (ARI)
1.5Surface runoff from the site shall be collected via drains and discharged to the
existed roadside drains in front of the development site.
1.6The storm drainage system shall be determined by using Rational Method (eqn
14.7 MASMA):1.7The Discharge estimation for each area for internal building perimeter drains are
calculated as follow:Qy

Wher
e

C y lt A
360

y-year ARI peak flow (m3/s)

y-year ARI average rainfall intensity over time of

concentration, tc (mm/hr)

Dimensionless run-off coefficient

Catchment area (hectare)

QR

y lt

1.8The Manning Formula (Eqn. 12.2 MASMA) shall be used for the computation of
drain capacity and velocity

Wher
e

2
3

R AS
n

1
2

Capacity

Mannings roughness coefficient 0.013

Area in m2

Hydraulic radius

Gradient

1.9The design rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) relationship is bsed on

Polynomial approximation, (Eqn 13.2 MASMA) and coefficient of the fitted IDF
equation for Johor Bahru should be adopted.
2 Pavement Report
2.1Elements of a pavement:
2.2Sub-grade
The uppermost part of the soil, natural or imported, supporting the load
transmitted from the overlaying layers to be well compacted.
2.3Sub-base
The layer of the specified material built up in the required design to be 50mm
thick of sand binding.
2.4Road base
The layer of the specified materials built up in the required design to be 300mm
thick of crusher run.
2.5Surfacing
The layer of the specified material built up in the required design to be 65mm
thick of asphaltic concrete binder course premix ACBC20 and 50mm thick of
asphaltic concrete wearing course premix ACWC14.

3 Sewerage Planning Report

3.1Purpose of report
The purpose of this report is to present the planning concept of the sewerage
planning for this development in order to seek design approval from Indah Water
Konsortium Sdn. Bhd.
3.2Proposed Sewerage System
The estimated Population Equivalent (PE) contributes from the proposed
development is 15,439 P.E.

3.2.1 The proposed sewerage system contributes are as followings;

3.2.1.1
Plot G (Phase 1 & Phase 2)
The total of estimated population equivalent for Plot G are 9,104 P.E.
Sewerage for phase 1 and phase 2 will be flow by gravity to a designated
sewerage pumping to be built up by package contractor at phase 2.
3.2.1.2
Plot J (Phase 3)
The total of estimated population equivalent for Plot J are
6,335 P.E. Sewerage for plot 3 will be flow by gravity to a
designated sewerage pumping to be built up by another
package contractor at phase 3.
3.3Design Criteria
3.3.1 According to MS 1228 and Malaysia Sewerage Industry Guidelines.
3.3.2 The design criteria adopted for the sewer pipes are:
3.3.2.1
Average Daily Contribution per Population Equivalent = 225 liters per
day
3.3.2.2
The peak factor shall be estimated from the following formula:
Peak Flow Factor (PFF) = 4.7 (PE/1000)-0.11
Where PE = estimated equivalent population
3.3.2.3

Peak Flow = PFF x PE x 225

Where PE = Estimated equivalent population

3.3.2.4
The minimum depth of invert to be adopted shall be 1.2m
3.3.2.5
The minimum size of public gravity sewer shall be 225mm in diameter.
3.3.2.6
The minimum size of domestic connections to the public sewer shall be
150mm in diameter.
3.3.2.7
Minimum design velocity in sewer pipe = 0.80 m/s
3.3.2.8
Maximum design velocity in sewer pipe = 4.0 m/s
3.3.2.9
Maximum distance between manholes shall be 100m
3.4Hydraulic Design of sewer pipe
3.4.1 The Hazen-Williams Equations for flow is adopted for the design of the sewer
pipe. The Hazen- William Coefficient C for HDPE pipe shall be 120.
3.4.2 Sewerage pipe velocity and capacity is based on Manning Equation where
V

AV

Flow in m3/s

Hazen-Williams Coefficient, C

Area in m2

0.849 C R0.63 S 0.54

Where

Hydraulic Radius in meter (Area/Wetted Perimeter)

Slope in m/m

Velocity in m/s

3.5Equivalent population table recommended equivalent population by span

guidelines
No
.

Type of Premise/Establishment

Populations Equivalent
(Recommended)

Residential

5.0 Per unit

Commercial
(includes entertainment/recreational
centers, restaurants, cafeteria, theatres)

3.0 Per 100 m2 gross are

School/Educational Institutions
Day School/Institutions
Fully Residential
Partial Residential

0.2 Per Student

1.0 Per Student
0.2 Per Student for
Non-Residential Student
1 Per Student for
Residential Student

Hospitals

4.0 Per Bed

Hotels (with dining and laundry facilities)

4.0 Per Room

Factories (excluding process wastes)

0.3 Per Staff

Market (wet type)

3.0 Per Stall

Market (dry type)

1.0 Per Stall

Petrol Kiosks/Service Stations

15.0 Per Toilet

10

Bus Terminal

4.0 Per Bus Bay

11

Taxi Terminal

4.0 Per Taxi Bay

12

Mosque/Church/Temple

0.2 Per person

13

Stadium

0.2 Per person

14

Swimming Pool/Sport Complex

0.5 Per person

15

Public Toilet

15 Per toilet

16

Airport

0.2 Per passenger

0.3 Per employee

17

Laundry

10 Per machine

18

Prison

1 Per person

19

Golf Course

20 Per hole

4 Water Reticulation Report

4.1Purpose of Report
4.1.1 Perunding LNL Sdn Bhd, a Civil & Structural Engineering Consultant firm has
been appointed by the package contractor i.e: MCB contractor to carry out
the conceptual and design of the water reticulation.
4.1.2 The total water demands for this project are 3,618,761 liter/day (796,016
gallon/day)
4.2Scope of work
4.2.1 The purpose of this report is to present the design of external water
reticulation for the proposed development based on layout plan and seek the
approval from SAJ which encompasses the followings:4.2.1.1
Data Available at the Tapping Point
The external water supply of this proposed development would be tapped
from the existing given pipe with minimum 4.5bar given by OUI JV.
4.2.1.2

Size of Distribution Pipe

The distribution pipe which is tapped from Node 1 will be serving the
proposed development and is designed for the following cases:
Case 1:- Design of reticulation pipe network based on a peak flow factor of
2.5
Case 2:- Design of reticulation pipe network based on (1) one number of fire
hydrant at 300gpm in service. (Class D Risk)
4.3Hydraulic Analysis
4.3.1 Hydraulic Loses is meant the pipe losses from the tap-of point specified by
SAJ (Syarikat Air Johor) throughout the entire water reticulation is estimated
using the Hazen-Williams equation (SI);
HL

1.14 1010 Q 1.85 L

1.85
4.87
C D

Where
Q

Design flow in liters per second

(l/s)

Length of pipe in meters (m)

Coefficient of friction (for HDPE

pipe, C=100)
D

Diameter of pipe in millimeter

(mm)

4.3.2 Design Considerations

4.3.2.1
The highest supply level of the development is taken as the ball valve
leveling the water storage tank.
4.3.2.2
Supply level for the fire hydrant in the fire flow analysis is at ground
analysis
4.3.2.3
Since the supply is from direct tap-off, residual pressure at ALL node
points is to be a minimum of 7.5m for all cases of analyses.
4.3.2.4
Velocity is usually to be a maximum of 2.0m/s for Peak Demand.
4.3.2.5
Head loss, hL is usually limited to 2 meter loss per 1000m pipe length
(0.002m/m for Peak Demand).
4.3.2.6
Head Loss for fire flow to be less than 15meter loss per 1000m pipe
length
4.4Tabulation of estimated water demand rate for planning of external water
reticulation system
TYPE OF PREMISES/BUILDINGS

AVERAGE DAILY WATER

DEMAND

Low cost terrace house/low cost flat

1100 /unit

Single storey terrace house/ low cost house (less

than RM25,000)/low medium & medium cost flats

1300 /unit

Double storey terrace house/high cost

flat/apartment/town house

1500 /unit

Semi detached house/cluster

2000 /unit

Bungalow/condominium

2000 /unit

Wet Market

1500 /unit

Dry Market

450 /unit

Shop House (single storey) / low cost shop

2000 /unit

Shop House (double storey)

3000 /unit

Shop House (three storey)

4100 /unit

Shop House (four storey)

4550 /unit

Light industrial workshop

1500 /unit

Semi detached/bungalow workshops

1500 /unit

Building for heavy industry

65,000 /hectare

Building for medium industry

50,000 /hectare

Building for light industry

33,000/hectare

Office/ complex/ commercial (domestic usage)

1000 /100 square meter

Community centers or halls

1000 /100 square meter

Hotel

1500 /room

Education institution (other than school and

kinder garden)

100 /student

Day School/Kinder garden

50 /student

Fully residential school/ institution of higher

learning with hostels facilities

250 /student

Hospitals

1500 /bed

Mosque or other place of worship

50 /person

Prison

250 /person

Army Camp

250 /person

Bus Terminal

900 /service bay

Petro Kiosk (with car washing bay)

50,000 /unit

Petrol Kiosk (without car washing bay)

10,000 /unit

Stadium

55 /person

Golf Course

1000/100 square meter

Warehouse

1500 /unit

Restaurant

25 /square meter

Airport

25 /passenger

Others

As per estimated water

demand by the developer or
owner

4.5Water demand for Plot G (Phase 1 and Phase 2)

TYPE OF
DEVELOPMENT

AREA

PERSO
N

BE
D

LITERS

Total
Water
Deman

GALLON

Total
Dema
nd

d
(liters)

(gallo
n)

Office

2860

1000/100m
2

28600

220/100
m2

6292

Club House

320

1000/100m
2

3200

220/100
m2

704

1500/bed

1500

330/bed

330

Simple Medical
clinic

ECUMINICAL

60

50/student

3000

11/student

660

Army Camp

8,350

250/person

208750
0

55/person

45925
0

Stadium

286

55/person

15730

12/person

3432

25/100m2

1988

5/100m2

398

Restaurant

7,953

Total Water Demand

214151
8

47106
6

5 Hydraulic Analysis
5.1Hydraulic Losses is meant the pipe losses from the tap-off point specified by SAJ
(Syarikat Air Johor) throughout the entire water reticulation is estimated using
the Hazen-Williams equation (SI);
HL =

1.14 1010 Q 1.85 L

C1.85 D4.87

Where
Q

Design flow in liters per second (l/s)

Length of pipe in meters (m)

Coefficient of friction (for HDPE/GRP pipe,

C =120)

Diameter of pipe in millimeter (mm)

5.2Design Considerations
5.3Supply level for the fire hydrant in the fire flow analysis is at ground analysis
5.4Since the supply if from the direct tap-off, residual pressure at ALL node points is
to be minimum of 7.5 m for all cases of analyses.
5.5Velocity is usually to be maximum of 2.0m/s for Peak Demand.

5.6Head loss, hL is usually limited to 2 meter loss per 1000m pipe length
(0.002m/m) for Peak Demand.
5.7Head loss for fire flow to be less than15 meter loss per 1000m pipe length
5.8External Water Supply calculation for Plot 5-G & Plot 5-J is attached in Appendix
D and Appendix E.

APPENDIX A
PEAK FLOW FACTOR

Uniform Technical Guidelines

The Commission shall have the right to decide on the final selection of pipe
materials for different applications
C. Hydraulic Requirements
The design of an external reticulation system and supply mains shall comply with
the following boundary conditions, viz:
(i)

Convey peak flows in external reticulation network (i.e. 2.5 times the
average daily demand flow) and supply mains (i.e. 1.2 times the average
daily demand flow) without incurring head losses greater than 2m/1000m
for gravity flow

APPENDIX B
TABULATION OF ESTIMATED
WATER DEMAND RATE FOR PLANING OF
EXTERNAL WATER RETICULATION SYSTEM
(SPAN GUIDELINES)

Table B.1: Tabulation of Estimated Water Demand Rate for Planning of External
Water Reticulation System
Type of Premises/Buildings

Average Daily Water Demand

(Liters)

Low cost terrace house/ low cost flat

1100 /unit

Single storey terrace house / low cost

house (less than RM25,000) / low
medium &medium cost flat

1300 /unit

Double storey terrace house / high cost

flat/ apartment /town house

1500 /unit

Semi detached house / cluster

2000 /unit

Bungalow/ condominium

2000 /unit

Wet Market

1500 /unit

Dry Market

450 /unit

Shop house (single storey)/ low cost

shop

2000 /unit

Shop house (double storey)

3000 /unit

Shop house (three storey)

4100 /unit

Shop house (four storey)

4550 /unit

Light industrial workshop

1500 /unit

Semi detached/ bungalow workshop

1500 /unit

Building for heavy industry

65,000 /hectare

Building for medium Industry

50,000 /hectare

Building for light industry

33,000 /hectare

Office/ complex/ commercial (domestic

usage)

100/100 square metre

Community centers or halls

1000/100 square metre

Hotel

1500/room

Education Institutions (other than school

and kinder garden)

100 /student

Day School/ kinder garden

50 /student

Fully residential school/ Institution of

higher learning with hostel facilities

250 /student

Hospital

1500 /bed

Mosque or other place of worship

50 /person

Prison

250 /person

Army Camp

250 /person

Bus terminal

900 /service bay

Petrol Kiosk (with car washing bay)

50,000 /unit

Petrol Kiosk (Without car washing bay)

10,000 /unit

Stadium

55 /person

APPENDIX C
HAZEN WILLIAM COEFFICIENT

(vii) the static pressure at any point along a supply mains shall not exceed 50
meters head
Both the Hazen Willaims and Colebrook White hydraulic formulae may be employed
to assist in determining the size of a pipeline. The friction factors, i.e. value, to be
employed in the Hazen William formula are summarized in Table B.7.
Table B.7: Hazen-William Coefficient C for Various Pipe Materials
Types of Pipe
Hazen-Williams Coefficient, C
Ductile Iron (cemendtlined0
100
Steel (cement lined)
100
HDPE/ ABS/ GRP /uPVC
120