Adjectives Ending in Ic Vs Ical

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ADJECTIVES ending in -ic / -ical

English has a number of parallel adjectives with -ic and ical endings. They are similar in their forms
and origins but somewhat different in their meanings and uses. Here are some pairs with their
differences.
1. historic/historical:
Historic means unique, important in history, famous, something that happened for the first time. It also
implies that the event itself made history:
The first trip to the moon was a historic event.
Historical usually refers to history in general; it means that the event was part of a long story about
the past:
"War and Peace" is a historical novel (a novel based on real events in history).
Napoleon's historical importance is enormous (his importance in the history of Europe).
2. economic/economical:
Economic refers to the area of financial activities:
Spending by consumers is one indicator of economic stability.
Economical means good value, inexpensive, not wasteful:
Buying a kilo of oranges is usually more economical than paying the price for each orange.
3. comic/comical:
Comic refers to comedy or humor in phrases like comic book, comic strip (newspaper cartoon),
or comic actor. It can describe a type, like something or someone that makes you laugh, as in a
comedy; it's intended to make you laugh.
He was often described as a brilliant comic actor, but Alec Guinness actually played many serious
roles, too.
Comical (somewhat formal in use) means humorous, funny, amusing; something that makes you want
to laugh because it strikes you as funny or silly at the moment, not necessarily because it was
intended to.
The dog had a comical face.
The lawyer's outrageous defense of his client was so far-fetched that it was comical.
4. classic/classical:
Classic means memorable, an outstanding model or example of a class. The representation is good
all by itself, and does not have distracting or trendy features:
The Ford Model T is a classic car.
Classical refers to a historically important form in music, art, or architecture based on ancient Roman
or Greek models:

Beethoven composed symphonies in the classical period.


5. electric/electrical:
Electric means operated by electricity (and is sometimes used interchangeably with electrical).
My grandmother didn't have an electric washing machine; the one she had was operated manually.
Electric also means very vibrant, giving a pleasant shock:
The actor's performance was electric.
Electrical (used less often) refers to a circuit of electricity:
The storm damaged the electrical connection to my computer.
6. politic/political:
Politic means tactful, shrewd, clever; acting in one's own interest in an group or community:
Leaving the business was the only politic thing he could do after his mistake.
Political refers to the politics of running a government:
There are two major political parties in the United States.
7. problematic/problematical:
Problematic is preferred more than problematical although they are both used in the same way with
the same meaning of puzzling, difficult to solve, uncertain:
The scientist's interpretation of the research data was problematic.

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