Mechanical Properties Inch Fasteners Thruway

Mechanical Properties of Externally Threaded Fasteners
Size Range
Sp ecification
Material
SAE J429-Grade 1
Low or medium
carbon steel
SAE J429-Grade 2
Min. Proof
Str ength
Mi n. Ten sile
Strength
(psi )
(ps i)
Min.
Max.
(psi)
1/ 4 - 1 1/2
33,000
60,000
B70
B100
36,000
1/4 - 3/4
55,000
74,000
B80
B100
57,000
7/ 8 - 1 1/2
33,000
60,000
B70
B100
36,000
(in .)
Core Hardnes s
Rockw ell
Min. Yiel d
Strength
Grade
Ide ntificati on
Marking
Compa tible Nuts
ASTM A563 Grade A Hex
ASTM A307-Grade A
Low or medium
carbon steel
1/4 - 4
60,000
B69
B100
ASTM A563 Grade A (Hex up

to 1-1/2 & Heavy Hex 1-1/2
and over)
ASTM A307-Grade B
Low or medium
carbon steel
1/4 - 4
60,000(min)
B69
B95
ASTM A563 Gra de A Heavy

Hex
SAE J429-Grade 5
M edi um carbon
st eel: quenc hed &
tempered
ASTM A325 - Type 1
ASTM A449-Type1
ASTM A354- Grade

BC
SAE J429-Grade 8
AS TM A354 Grade BD
ASTM A490-Type 1
S AE J 429-Grade 8.2
FNL Grade 9
ASTM A574 Socket

Hea d Cap S crew
M edi um carbon
st eel: quenc hed &
tempered
M edi um carbon
st eel: quenc hed &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
boron steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
ASTM F835 Socket

Butt on
& Flat Countersunk
Hea d Cap S crew
M edi um carbon
alloy steel:
quenched &
tempered
AS TM F 1554 Anchor
Bolt s, Steel Grade 36
Low or medium
carbon steel
1/4 - 1
85,000
120,000
C25
C34
92,000
1 1/8 - 1 1/2
74,000
105,000
C19
C30
81,000
1/4 - 1
85,000
120,000
C25
C34
92,000
1 1/8 - 1 1/2
74,000
105,000
C19
C30
81,000
SAE J995 Grade 5 Hex
ASTM A563 Grade C Heavy

H ex, DH if Galv
SAE J995 Grade 5 up t o 1-1/ 2,
ASTM A563 Grade A Heavy
1/4 - 1
85,000
120,000
C25
C34
92,000
1 1/8 - 1 1/2
74,000
105,000
C19
C30
81,000
1 3/ 4 - 3
55,000
90,000
1/4 - 2-1/2
105,000
125,000
C26
C36
109,000
Over 2-1/2
95,000
105,000
C22
C33
99,000
1/ 4 - 1 1/2
120,000
150,000
C33
C39
130,000
1/4 - 2-1/2
120,000
150,000
C33
C39
130,000
Over 2-1/2
105,000
140,000
C31
C39
115,000
1/2 - 1-1/2
120,000
150,000 (min)
173,000 (max)
C33
C39
130,000
ASTM A563 Grade DH Heavy

Hex
1/4 - 1
120,000
150,000
C33
C39
130,000
1/4 - 1-1/4
140,650
180,000
C38
C42
159,500
FNL Grade 9 Thick Hex Nut
#0 - 1/2
140,000
180,000
C39
C45
over 1/ 2 - 2
135,000
58,000
170,000
C37
C45
#0 - 1/2
145,000
C39
C44
over 1/2
135,000
C37
C44
1/4 - 4-in
58,000(min)
80,000 (max)
Notes
Hex 1-1/2 & over, DH Heavy

Hex if Galv
ASTM A563 Grade C Heavy

H ex, DH if Galv
ASTM A563 Grade DH Heavy

Hex
153,000
36,000
ASTM A563 Grade A (hex up

to 1-1/2 & Heavy Hex 1-1/2
and over)
1, 2, 3
1 . C o m p a t i b l e d e n o t e s c o m m e r c ia ll y a v a il a b l e n u t h a v i n g s u i t a b le m e c h a n i c a l p ro p e r t i e s a n d d i m e n s io n a l c o n f i g u r a t i o n o r s t y l e w h ic h w i ll m a k e i t p o s s i b l e to
o b ta i n th e d e s i r e d b o lt lo a d . H ig h e r s tr e n g th n u ts m a y b e a s u it a b l e s u b s t i tu e p r o v id e d b o lt s t a n d a rd a l lo w s .
2 . G a lv a n i z e d n u t s a r e i n te n d e d f o r u s e w it h e x t e r n a l ly th re a d e d f a s te n e r s th a t a r e h o t- d i p o r m e c h a n ic a l ly g a lv a n i z e d o r h a v e a c o a t i n g o f s u f f i c ie n t t h ic k n e s s t
or
e q u ir e o v e r - t a p p in g o f t h e n u t t o p ro v i d e a s s e m b l y .
3 . A S T M A 1 9 4 2 H h e a v y h e x n u t m a y b e u s e d i n l ie w a s a s u b s t i t u t e f o r A S T M A 5 6 3 D H h e a v y h e x n u t
Mechanical Properties of Internally Threaded Fasteners
Proo f Load Stress (psi)

Specification
Material
ASTM A563-Grade 0
ASTM A563-Grade A
ASTM A563-Grade A
Heavy Hex
Carbon Steel
Nominal
Size(in.)
Plain
1/4 - 1 1/2
69,0 00*
Galvanize
co ating (1 )
52 ,000*
1/4 - 1 1/2
1/4 - 4
90,0 00*
68 ,000*
100,000*
75 ,000*
90 ,000**
68,000**
Carbon Steel,
ASTM A563-Grade C
may be
Heavy Hex
quenched and
tempered
1/4 - 4
144,0 00
Carbon Steel,
quenched and
tempered
1/4 - 4
175,0 00
ASTM A56 3-Grade

DH Heavy Hex
Medium
ASTM A194-Grade 2H
Carbon Steel
Heavy Hex
1/4 1 1/2
C3 2
B6 8
C3 2
B6 8
C3 2
B7 8
C3 8
C24
C3 8
C24
C3 5
C3 5
1/4 5/8
ASTM A194-Grade 8
Heavy Hex
AISI 304
1/4 1 1/2
ASTM A194-Grade 8M
Heavy Hex
AISI 316
1/4 1 1/2
Max.
B5 5
Over 1 1/2
Carbon Steel
C32
C3 8
C35
C4 0
80,000
B6 0
C3 2
80,000
B6 0
C3 2
180,0 00
3/4 1 1/2
SAE J995 Grade Identification

Grade
Material
Min.
Grade
Identification
Marking
1 75,00 0
FNL Grade 9 Thick

Hex Nut
150,000
Hardness Rockwell
Nominal
Size(in.)
Proof
Lo ad
Stress (psi)
120,000*
1/4 - 4
109,000**
Carbon steel
105,000*
Over 1 1 1/2
94 ,000**
Medium
1/4 5/8
carbon or
Over 5/8 1
150,0 00
alloy steel,
quenched & Over 1 1 1/2
tempered
Rockw ell
Hardness
Min.
Max.
Grade Identification
Marking
C32
C32
C24
C32
C26
C34
C26
C36
(1): Galvani ze coati ng refers to nuts that have been plated with a pl ating or c oati ng of sufficient thicknes s to require overt apping of the nut to provide
ass embly: for example hot-di p or mechanical galvanizi ng.
* UN C and 8 UN
** UNF, 12 UN & finer
***When a zinc coated A194 2H nut is supplied, the zinc c oati ng, overt apping, lubricati on and rotational capacity t esting shall be i n accorda nce with ASTM A563 and the
proof s tres s reduced accordingly. Nuts coated wi th zi nc s ha ll have an a sterisk * marked after the grade s ymbol. Nuts c oated with cadmium s ha ll have a plus s ign +
marked after the grade symbol.
ASTM A193: Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
Sp ecification &
Grade
ASTM A193 B7
Core
Hardn ess
Rockwel l
Siz e Ran ge
Min . Tens ile

Strength
Min . Yi eld
S tren gth
(i n.)
2 1/ 2 & under
(ps i)
125,000
(p si)
105,000
(max)
Over 2 1/ 2 - 4
115,000
95,000
C35
Over 4 7
100,000
75,000
C35
Grade
I dentifi cation
Marking
Descri ption
Compati ble
ASTM A194
Heavy Hex Nut
C35
Chromium-Molybdenum alloy (4140, 4142,
4145, 4140H, 4142H , 4145H) used for hi ghpress ure, high-temperature appli cations .
Grade 2H
4 & under
100,000
80,000
B99
Over 4 - 7
100,000
75,000
B99
2 1/ 2 & under
125,000
105,000
C35
Over 2 1/ 2 - 4
110,000
95,000
C35
Over 4 - 8
100,000
85,000
C35
ASTM A193
B7M
ASTM A193 B16
S imilar to B7 except heat-treat ed to limit the

maximum hardnes s. Considered in areas
where s tres s embri ttlement may be a factor.
Grade 2HM
A chromium-Molybdenum-Va nadium alloy
used for high-pres sure, high-tempera ture
service applic ations . O ffers sli ghtly higher
temperat ure res is tance t han B7.
Grad e 4
ASTM A193 B8
Class 1
1/4 & larger
75,000
30,000
B96
A 304 St ainles s St eel us ed for high

temperature applicati ons. Thi s material has
been carbide s ol uti on treated.
Grad e 8
ASTM A193
B8M Class 1
1/4 & larger
75,000
30,000
B96
A 316 St ainles s St eel us ed for high

temperature applicati ons. Thi s material has
been carbide s ol uti on treated.
Gra de 8 M
Com pa tib le deno tes com me rcially available n ut h aving suit able m echan ical prope rt ies a nd d im ensional conf igu ra tio n or style which will make it possible t o ob tain th
e
de sired b olt lo ad. Hig her streng th n uts or nu ts of equa l stren gth m ay be a suitab le su bstit ute provided bolt sta ndard allows.
Mechanical Properties of Common Stainless Steel Fasteners in Accordance with ASTM F593
Sta inless Al loy
Group
Condi ti on
Nominal
Dia.
(in.)
CW
1/4 - 5/8
(3 04, 304L , 305 ,

384, 18-9L W ,
30 2HQ)
Tensil e
Str ength
(psi )
100, 000 -
Core Hardness R ockwel l

M in.
M ax.
M in. Yie ld
Str ength
(psi)
B95
C32
65, 000
B80
C32
45, 000
B95
C32
65, 000
B80
C32
45, 000
150, 000
3/4 - 1 1/ 2
85,0 00 140, 000
CW
1/4 - 5/8
(316, 316 L)
100, 000 150, 000
3/4 - 1 1/ 2
85,0 00 140, 000
Gra de
Identification
Ma rking
Tensile Stress, Thread Root and Thread Stripping Areas

Nominal Size
Coarse Thread
Thread
Pitch
Tensile
Stress Area
(tpi)
(sq in.)
8 Thread Series
Thread Root Int Thread Stripping

Area
Area Asn
(sq in)
sq in per in of
engagement
Thread
Pitch
(tpi)
Tensile
Stress
Area
(sq in.)
Fine Thread
Thread R oot
Int Thread
Area
Stripping Area Asn
(sq in)
sq in per in of
engagement
Thread
Pitch
Tensile
Thread Root Int Thread Stripping
Stress Area
Area
Area Asn
(tpi)
(sq in)
(sq in)
80
0.0018
0.00150
sq in per in of
engagement
0.106
0.060
0.073
64
0.00262
0.00218
0.133
72
0.00278
0.00237
0.130
0.086
56
0.00370
0.00310
0.162
64
0.00394
0.00339
0.156
0.099
48
0.00487
0.00406
0.191
56
0.00523
0.00451
0.186
0.112
40
0.00604
0.00496
0.221
48
0.00661
0.00566
0.216
0.125
40
0.00796
0.00672
0.248
44
0.00831
0.00716
0.246
0.138
32
0.00909
0.00745
0.281
40
0.01015
0.00874
0.274
0.164
32
0.0140
0.0120
0.334
36
0.0147
0.01285
0.331
10
0.190
24
0.0175
0.0145
0.401
32
0.02
0.01752
0.389
12
0.216
24
0.0242
0.0206
0.458
28
0.0258
0.02258
0.450
1/4
0.250
20
0.0318
0.0269
0.539
28
0.0364
0.03255
0.521
5/16
0.313
18
0.0525
0.0455
0.682
24
0.0581
0.05262
0.663
3/8
0.375
16
0.0775
0.0678
0.828
24
0.0878
0.08084
0.800
7/16
0.438
14
0.106
0.094
0.981
20
0.119
0.10927
0.908
1/2
0.500
13
0.142
0.126
1.12
20
0.160
0.14862
1.08
9/16
0.563
12
0.182
0.162
1.27
18
0.203
0.18917
1.23
5/8
0.625
11
0.226
0.202
1.42
18
0.256
0.23999
1.37
3/4
0.750
10
0.335
0.302
1.72
16
0.373
0.35125
1.66
7/8
0.875
0.462
0.419
2.03
14
0.510
0.48047
1.96
1.000
0.606
0.551
2.33
12 UNF
0.663
0.62445
2.27
1.000
14 UNS
0.680
0.64631
2.23
1 1/8
1.125
0.763
0.693
2.65
0.791
0.728
2.63
12
0.856
0.81180
2.54
1 1/4
1.250
0.969
0.890
2.94
1.000
0.929
3.27
12
1.073
1.02369
2.83
1 3/8
1.375
1.155
1.054
3.27
1.234
1.160
3.21
12
1.315
1.26013
3.11
1 1/2
1.500
1.406
1.294
3.57
1.492
1.410
3.5
12
1.581
1.52111
3.39
The 1-12 i s the standard inch seri es fine thread to the Unified scr ew thread system . The 1-14 is considered a UNS ( Unified Special). However , the m ajority of
all 1-in fine threads manufactur ed are 1- 14 (UN S).
Tensile Stress Area = 0.7854 (D - 0.9743/n)2
D = nomi nal thread diameter
n = threads per inch
Thread Root Area = 0.7854(D - 1.3/n)2
D = nomi nal thread diameter
Int Thread Stripping Area per inch of Engagement = 3.1416 x Dsmin x n [(1/2n)+0.57735(Dsmi n - Enmax)]
The val ues li sted are for 2B internal threads
Dsmin = mi nimum major diameter of external thread
Enmax = maximum pi tch diameter of internal thread

Mechanical Properties Inch Fasteners Thruway

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Mechanical Properties Inch Fasteners Thruway

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Mechanical Properties of Externally Threaded Fasteners

Compa tible Nuts

ASTM A563 Grade A Hex

ASTM A563 Grade A (Hex up

ASTM A563 Gra de A Heavy

ASTM A325 - Type 1

ASTM A354- Grade

ASTM A574 Socket

ASTM F835 Socket

SAE J995 Grade 5 Hex

ASTM A563 Grade C Heavy

ASTM A563 Grade DH Heavy

SAE J995 Grade 8 Hex

FNL Grade 9 Thick Hex Nut

Hex 1-1/2 & over, DH Heavy

ASTM A563 Grade C Heavy

SAE J995 Grade 8 Hex

ASTM A563 Grade DH Heavy

ASTM A563 Grade A (hex up

Mechanical Properties of Internally Threaded Fasteners

Proo f Load Stress (psi)

ASTM A56 3-Grade

SAE J995 Grade Identification

FNL Grade 9 Thick

Min . Tens ile

ASTM A193 B16

S imilar to B7 except heat-treat ed to limit the

1/4 & larger

A 304 St ainles s St eel us ed for high

1/4 & larger

A 316 St ainles s St eel us ed for high

(3 04, 304L , 305 ,

Core Hardness R ockwel l

85,0 00 140, 000

100, 000 150, 000

85,0 00 140, 000

Tensile Stress, Thread Root and Thread Stripping Areas

Thread Root Int Thread Stripping

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