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    Lte Capacity Calculation

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    Lte Capacity Calculation

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pdf or txt
    771 views17 pages

    Lte Capacity Calculation

    Uploaded by

    innovativekalu
    s

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that LTE aims to provide high data rates, support for various services like VoIP, scalable bandwidth and efficient spectrum usage.

    The main targets/requirements for LTE are peak data rates of 100Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink, scalable bandwidth from 1.4MHz to 20MHz and support for at least 200 VoIP users in a 5MHz channel.

    Capacity for LTE networks is calculated by determining the spectral efficiency for different signal to interference plus noise ratio (SNIR) levels, calculating the percentage of the cell area with each SNIR and taking the weighted average to determine the overall sector capacity.

    LTE Networks: how far are the achievable capacities from

    the theoretical ones?

    ICUMT 2012, October 3-5, Sankt Petersburg, Russia

    Agenda

    1.

    Broadband LTE Radio Interface

    2.

    Method for Capacity Calculations

    3.

    Influence of Interference on Network Capacity

    4.

    Practical LTE Capacity

    5.

    LTE Capacity - Summary

    6.

    4G-Online.net Business Case Calculations

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    Broadband LTE Radio Interface

    Broadband LTE Radio Interface


    3GPP Radio Access Networks Evolution

    1992

    1997

    2000

    2005

    2009

    GSM

    GPRS

    UMTS

    HSPA

    LTE

    2G

    2.5G

    3G

    3.5G

    3.9G

    2011

    LTE-Advanced

    4G

    Phase 1
    Phase 2

    Rel. 96
    Rel. 97
    Rel. 98

    Rel. 99
    Rel. 4

    Rel. 5
    Rel. 6
    Rel. 7

    Rel. 8
    Rel. 9

    Rel. 10

    3GPP
    Release

    Voice only

    14.4kbps

    UL: 128kbps
    DL: 384kbps

    UL: 11Mbps
    DL: 28Mbps

    UL: 75Mbps
    DL: 325Mbps

    UL: 500Mbps
    DL: 1Gbps

    Highest
    Data Rate

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    Broadband LTE Radio Interface


    LTE Overview
    Flat architecture and All-IP structure

    eNB

    IP

    IP

    High throughputs
    Mobile internet
    Low latencies

    always-on concept
    World-wide roaming

    IP

    IP

    eNB

    Radio Access Network


    Theoretical Throughputs

    MME

    Core Network
    LTE Services

    Downlink

    Uplink

    10MHz

    138Mbps (4x4)

    37Mbps

    20MHz

    325Mbps (4x4)
    172Mbps (2x2)

    75Mbps

    Channel BW

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    Internet/ ...

    IP

    eNB

    IP

    Direction

    SGW

    IP

    VoIP/video conferences
    WWW
    Video on Demand
    Online Gaming
    FTP

    Broadband LTE Radio Interface


    LTE Performance Requirements

    The main targets / requirements for the LTE are (ref. TS 25.913):
    Peak data rate: e.g. 100 Mbps (downlink) and 50 Mbps (uplink)
    Scalable bandwidth: 1.4, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz

    eNB

    At least 200 VoIP users served in a 5MHz FDD bandwidth


    (giving 800 VoIP users in 20MHz bandwidth)
    Efficient support of the various types of services, especially from the PS domain
    (e.g. Voice over IP)

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    Method for Capacity Calculations

    Method for Capacity Calculations


    Example Calculations of Offered Capacity Calculation

    1 sector
    1 carrier

    carrier

    Ustawienia: BW_network = 30MHz


    Frequency Reuse = 3

    BW_sector = BW_network/3 = 10MHz


    Each sector a different carrier

    SE spectral efficiency for a certain SNIR

    SNIR1 = 1.5dB

    MCS = QPSK

    SE1 = 2 * = 1bps/Hz

    SNIR2 = 7dB

    MCS = 16QAM

    SE2 = 4 * = 2bps/Hz
    From MCS curves

    SNIR_usage percent of area on which a certain SNIR occurs

    SNIR_usage1 = 50% of total area = 0.5


    SNIR_usage2 = 50% of total area = 0.5
    SE_average = SEi * SNIR_usagei

    50% of total area


    experienced SNIR = 7dB

    SE_average = SE1*SNIR_usage1 + SE2*SNIR_usage2 = 1*0.5 + 2*0.5 = 1.5bps/Hz


    50% of total area
    experienced SNIR = 1.5dB

    Offered sector capacity


    R_sector = BW_sector *SE_average = 10MHz * 1.5bps/Hz = 15Mbps

    This method is used to calculate average capacity (overhead neglected)


    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    Impact of Interference on Network Capacity

    Impact of Interference on Network Capacity


    A Model Network for Capacity Calculations
    Radio interface: LTE or Mobile WiMAX

    EIRP = 61dBm

    Inter site distance = 2km


    Average sector
    capacity is calculated
    in the presence of
    interference

    Reuse 1 each sector of a single BS is assigned full BW


    Reuse 3 each sector of a signle BS is assigned 1/3 of the full BW
    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    10

    Impact of Interference on Network Capacity


    Downlink SNIR [dB] Distribution Snapshot Example
    Frequency Reuse 1

    Frequency Reuse 3

    Considered Cell

    Cell edge
    (SNIR < 0dB)

    Max SNIR = 16.9dB


    Min SNIR = -4.7dB

    SNIR range = ~21dB

    Max SNIR = 65dB


    Min SNIR = -3.3dB
    Steep SNIR and
    all resources per sector

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    SNIR range = ~68dB

    Best SNIR but


    less resources per sector

    11

    Practical LTE Capacity

    Practical LTE Capacity


    Sector Throughput
    System

    Peak
    throughput

    Average
    throughput

    Cell edge
    throughtput

    Peak / Cell edge


    ratio

    LTE Rel. 8
    1x1, reuse 1

    64.2 Mbit/s

    27.0 Mbit/s

    9.6 Mbit/s

    6.6

    LTE Rel. 8
    1x1, reuse 3

    29.3 Mbit/s

    12.5 Mbit/s

    3.8 Mbit/s

    7.6

    LTE Rel. 8
    2x2, reuse 1

    121.9 Mbit/s

    27.0 Mbit/s

    9.6 Mbit/s

    12.6

    LTE Rel. 8
    2x2, reuse 3

    55.7 Mbit/s

    12.5 Mbit/s

    3.8 Mbit/s

    14.5

    LTE Rel. 8
    4x4, reuse 1

    231.7 Mbit/s

    27.0 Mbit/s

    9.6 Mbit/s

    24.1

    LTE Rel. 8
    4x4, reuse 3

    107.9 Mbit/s

    12.5 Mbit/s

    3.8 Mbit/s

    28.2

    LTE-A (Rel. 10)


    8x8, reuse 1

    440.3 Mbit/s

    27.0 Mbit/s

    9.6 Mbit/s

    45.8

    LTE-A (Rel. 10)


    8x8, reuse 3

    199.4 Mbit/s

    12.5 Mbit/s

    3.8 Mbit/s

    52.1

    Assumptions:
    Throughput is calculated for 1 UE (UE gets all resources)
    For reuse 3 each sector is assigned 1/3 of 20MHz (6.67MHz)
    MIMO increases throughput only near eNB (peak throughput increase)
    Cell edge throughput is calculated for 5% of area with worst SNIR
    Signalling resources not excluded

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    13

    LTE Capacity - Summary

    LTE Capacity - Summary


    Theoretical vs Practical Network Throughputs

    Bandwidth / System Type

    Theoretical sector data rate

    Practical sector data rate

    10MHz LTE FDD

    50Mbit/s

    11.6Mbit/s

    100Mbit/s

    20MHz LTE FDD

    (325Mbit/s with MIMO)

    20MHz LTE TDD


    (3:2)

    65Mbit/s

    Comparable with fixed


    lines (e.g. DSL)

    23.3Mbit/s

    12.7Mbit/s

    Theoretical Throughputs

    Practical Throughputs

    Achievable in lab

    Relate do the propagation conditions

    Dont take into account signalling

    Take into account real signalling


    Calculated in real propagation conditions
    (e.g. interference, channel distortions, noise, etc.)

    Neglect propagation conditions

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    15

    4G-Online.net Business Case Calculations

    4G-University.com
    Platform for sharing practical knowledge on 4G

    Copyright IS-Wireless | www.is-wireless.com

    17

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