Mobile Commerce

and Ubiquitous Computing

Learning Objectives
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Discuss the value-added attributes, benefits, and

fundamental drivers of m-commerce.
Describe the mobile computing infrastructure that
supports m-commerce (devices, software, services).
Describe the four major types of wireless
telecommunications networks.
Discuss m-commerce applications in banking and
financial services.
Describe enterprise applications.
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-1

Learning Objectives
6. Describe consumer and personal applications of m-

commerce including entertainment.

7. Understand the technologies and potential
applications of location-based m-commerce.
8. Define and describe ubiquitous computing and
sensory networks.
9. Describe the major implementation issues from
security and privacy to barriers of m-commerce.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-2

Mobile Commerce: Concepts, Landscape,

Attributes, Drivers, Applications, and Benefits
mobile commerce (m-commerce; m-business)

Any business activity conducted over a wireless

telecommunications network or from mobile devices
THE ATTRIBUTES OF M-COMMERCE
Ubiquity
Convenience
Interactivity
Personalization
Localization
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-3

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-4

Mobile Commerce: Concepts, Landscape,

Attributes, Drivers, Applications, and Benefits
DRIVERS OF M-COMMERCE
Widespread availability of more powerful mobile
devices
The handset culture
The service economy
Vendors push
The mobile workforce and mobile enterprise
Improved price/performance
Improving bandwidth
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-5

Mobile Commerce: Concepts, Landscape,

Attributes, Drivers, Applications, and Benefits
AN OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATIONS OF M-

COMMERCE
Field mobility
2. Fleet mobility
3. Warehouse management
4. Direct store delivery (DSD) route accounting
1.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-6

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-7

Mobile Commerce: Concepts, Landscape,

Attributes, Drivers, Applications, and Benefits
THE BENEFITS OF M-COMMERCE
Benefits for Organizations
Benefits for Individuals and Customers
Other Benefits

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-8

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
OVERVIEW OF MOBILE COMPUTING
wireless mobile computing (mobile computing)
Computing that connects a mobile device to a network
or another computing device, anytime, anywhere

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-9

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-10

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
MOBILE DEVICES
personal digital assistant

(PDA)
A stand-alone handheld computer principally used
for personal information management

smartphone

A mobile phone with PC-like capabilities

Tablets

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-11

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
Other Mobile Devices
Smartbooks

Scanners

Wearable devices

mobile browser

Screen

(microbrowser)
Web browser designed for use
on a mobile device optimized
to display Web content most
effectively for small screens
on portable devices
Dashtop mobile

Camera
Touch-panel display
Keyboard
Speech translator

Watch-like device
RFID (radio frequency

identification)

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-12

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
MOBILE COMPUTING SOFTWARE AND SERVICES
mobile portal
A gateway to the Internet optimized for mobility

that aggregates and provides content and

services for mobile users
Content providers
short message service (SMS)

A service that supports the sending and receiving of

short text messages on mobile phones
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-13

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
multimedia messaging service (MMS)

The emerging generation of wireless messaging; MMS is

able to deliver rich media
Location-Based Services
Voice-Support Services

interactive voice response (IVR)

A voice system that enables users to request and receive
information and to enter and change data through a
telephone to a computerized system

voice portal
A website with an audio interface that can be accessed through a
telephone call
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-14

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
personal area network (PAN)
A wireless telecommunications network for device-todevice connections within a very short range
Bluetooth
A set of telecommunications standards that enables
wireless devices to communicate with each other over
short distances

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-15

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
wireless local area network (WLAN)

A telecommunications network that enables users to

make short-range wireless connections to the Internet or
another network
Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)
The common name used to describe the IEEE 802.11
standard used on most WLANs

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-16

Technical Infrastructure: Components

and Services of Mobile Computing
WiMAX

A wireless standard (IEEE 802.16) for making broadband

network connections over a medium-size area such as a
city
wireless wide area network (WWAN)
A telecommunications network that offers wireless
coverage over a large geographical area, typically over a
cellular phone network

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-17

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-18

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-19

Mobile Financial Applications

mobile banking

Performing banking activities such as balance checks,

account transactions, payments, credit applications,
etc., via a mobile device
OTHER FINANCIAL-RELATED MOBILE
APPLICATIONS
Mobile Stock Trading (giao dch chng khon)
Real Estate

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-20

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-21

Mobile Enterprise Solutions

DEFINING MOBILE ENTERPRISE
mobile enterprise
Application of mobile computing inside the enterprise (e.g.,
for improved communication among employees)
THE FRAMEWORK AND CONTENT OF MOBILE

ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS
The sales application
The support application
The service application
mobile worker

Any employee who is away from his or her primary work space
at least 10 hours a week or 25 percent of the time
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-22

Mobile Enterprise Solutions

Benefits of
Mobile Workforce Support

Challenges of
Mobile Workforce Support

Sales force automation

Network coverage gaps and

Field force automation

interruptions
Internetwork roaming
Device and network
management
Bandwidth management

Mobile office applications

Mobile CRM (e-CRM) and

PRM

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-23

Mobile Enterprise Solutions

FLEET AND TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Fleet Maintenance
Tracking People and Vehicles
Transportation Management

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-24

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-25

Mobile Enterprise Solutions

MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN WAREHOUSES
Typical Mobile Devices Used in Warehouses

Vehicle mount solutions

Handheld solutions
Hands-free and voice solutions
Other solutions

OTHER ENTERPRISE MOBILE APPLICATIONS

iPad in the Enterprise

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-26

Mobile Entertainment
and Other Consumer Services
mobile entertainment

Any type of leisure activity that utilizes wireless

telecommunication networks, interacts with service
providers, and incurs a cost upon usage
MOBILE MUSIC AND VIDEO PROVIDERS
MOBILE GAMES
Hurdles for Growth

MOBILE GAMBLING
MOBILITY AND SPORTS
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-27

Mobile Entertainment
and Other Consumer Services
SERVICE INDUSTRY CONSUMER APPLICATIONS
Health Care
Hospitality Management
Public Safety and Crime Prevention
Other Industries

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-28

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

location-based m-commerce (l-commerce)

Delivery of m-commerce transactions to individuals in

a specific location, at a specific time
real-time location system (RTLS)
Systems used to track and identify the location of
objects in real time

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-29

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

L-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE
Mobile devices
Communication network
Positioning component
Service or application provider
Data or content provider

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-30

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-31

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

geolocation

The process of automatically identifying a Web users

physical location without that user having to provide
any information
network-based positioning
Relies on base stations to find the location of a mobile
device sending a signal or sensed by the network

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-32

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

terminal-based positioning

Calculating the location of a mobile device from

signals sent by the device to base stations
global positioning system (GPS)
A worldwide satellite-based tracking system that
enables users to determine their position anywhere on
the earth

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-33

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

Location-Based Data

Locating
Navigating
Searching
Identifying
Event checking

geographical information system (GIS)

A computer system capable of integrating, storing,

editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying
geographically referenced (spatial) information
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-34

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

location-based service (LBS)

An information service accessible from and to mobile

devices through a mobile network utilizing the ability to
make use of the geographical position of the mobile device
to deliver a service to the user
automatic vehicle location (AVL)

A means for automatically determining the geographic

location of a vehicle and transmitting the information to a
request
social location-based marketing
Marketing activities that are related to social behavior and are
related to social networking activities
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-35

Location-Based Mobile Commerce

BARRIERS TO LOCATION-BASED M-COMMERCE
Lack of GPS in mobile phones
Accuracy of devices
The costbenefit justification
Limited network bandwidth
Invasion of privacy

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-36

Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing

and Sensory Networks
ubiquitous computing (ubicom)

Computing capabilities that are being embedded into

the objects around us, which may be mobile or
stationary
pervasive computing
Computing capabilities embedded in the environment
but typically not mobile

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-37

Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing

and Sensory Networks
Principles of Pervasive Computing

Decentralization
Diversification
Connectivity
Simplicity

context-aware computing

Applications ability to detect and react to a set of

environmental variables that is described as context
(which can be sensor information or other data
including users attitudes)
Internet of Things
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-38

Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing

and Sensory Networks
SMART APPLICATION: GRID, HOMES, CARS, AND

MORE
smart grid

An electricity network managed by utilizing digital

technology

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-39

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-40

Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing

and Sensory Networks
Smart Homes and Appliances

Lighting
Energy management
Water control
Home security and communication
Home entertainment
Smart appliances

Smart and Driverless Cars

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-41

Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing

and Sensory Networks
radio frequency identification (RFID)

A short-range radio frequency communication

technology for remotely storing and retrieving data
using devices called RFID tags and RFID readers
sensor network

A collection of nodes capable of environmental sensing,

local computation, and communication with its peers or
with other higher performance nodes
Smart Sensor Applications

PRIVACY ISSUES IN UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-42

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-43

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-44

Implementation Issues
in Mobile Commerce
M-COMMERCE SECURITY AND PRIVACY ISSUES
TECHNOLOGICAL BARRIERS TO M-COMMERCE
FAILURES IN MOBILE COMPUTING AND M-

COMMERCE
ETHICAL, LEGAL, PRIVACY, AND HEALTH ISSUES
IN M-COMMERCE
MOBILITY MANAGEMENT

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-45

Managerial Issues
What is your m-commerce strategy?
2. What is your implementation timetable?
3. Are there any clear technical winners?
4. Which applications should be implemented first?
1.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-46

Summary
M-commerce, its value-added attributes, and
fundamental drivers
2. The mobile computing environment that supports
m-commerce
3. The type of networks that support mobile devices
4. Financial applications
1.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-47

Summary
5. Mobile enterprise solutions
6. Consumer and personal applications and mobile

entertainment
7. Location-based commerce
8. Ubiquitous computing and sensory systems
9. Security and other implementation issues

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-48

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-49