History: Presidential Medal of Freedom

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History

The first Earth Day was in 1970. Nelson, after seeing the damage done by a 1969
massive oil spill in Santa Barbara, California, was inspired to organize a national "teachin" that focused on educating the public about the environment.
Nelson recruited Denis Hayes, a politically active recent graduate of Stanford University,
as national coordinator, and persuaded U.S. Rep. Pete McCloskey of California to be
co-chairman. With a staff of 85, they were able to rally 20 million people across the
United States on April 20, 1970. Universities held protests, and people gathered in
public areas to talk about the environment and find ways to defend the planet.In 1995,
President Bill Clinton awarded Nelson the Presidential Medal of Freedom for being the
founder of Earth Day. This is the highest honor given to civilians in the United States.

Modern Earth Day


Earth Day continued to grow over the years. In 1990, it went global, and 200 million
people in 141 countries participated in the event, according to the Earth Day Network.
Earth Day 2000 included 5,000 environmental groups and 184 countries. Hayes
organized a campaign that focused on global warming and clean energy. "The world's
leaders in Kyoto, Japan, in late 1997, acknowledged the scientific fact that the leading
cause of global warming is carbon emissions from fossil-fuel consumption, and that
something must be done to address those rising emissions," Hayes told National
Geographic.
In 2010, for the 40th anniversary of Earth Day, 225,000 people gathered at the National
Mall for a climate rally. Earth Day Network launched a campaign to plant 1 billion trees,
which was achieved in 2012, according to the organization.

The impact of Earth Day


Although Earth Day has become mainstream, surveys show that environmentalism may
be stumbling. According to recent Gallup polls, 42 percent of Americans believe that
the dangers of climate change are exaggerated, and less than half say that protection of
the environmentshould be given priority over energy production.

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