Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad
Definitions:
Regulations shall mean, regulations framed under the Society Rules of Indian School of Mines,
Dhanbad
(b)
(c)
Academic Council (AC) shall mean the Academic Council of the School
(d)
Research Council (RC) shall mean the Research Council of the School.
(e)
(f)
(g)
Chairman shall mean the Chairman of the Academic Council of the School.
(h)
Dean (R&D) shall mean the Dean (Research and Development) of the School.
(i)
(j)
Head shall mean the Head of the Department or Centre (in the School) under whose jurisdiction
the candidate is working for the Degree.
(k)
2.
2.1
Engineering Stream:
A candidate may register for Ph. D. Programme in Engineering provided the candidate fulfils any of the
following eligibility criteria:
(a)
(b)
If the Postgraduate Degree in Engineering or the area of research in Postgraduate course is not in a
relevant field, two Engineering Postgraduate courses are to be cleared within one year of
confirmation of registration.
(c)
A candidate possessing a Bachelors Degree in Engineering in the relevant field may be permitted
to register for Ph.D. in Engineering if the candidate fulfils any of the following criteria:
(i) First class marks or equivalent grade at the qualifying examination with a minimum of 3 Years of
experience in research/teaching/industry recognized by Academic Council.
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2.2
Science Stream:
(a)
(b)
Non-Engineering Degree holders (MBBS or Postgraduate in Science/ Social Science) in the field
other than the relevant field having 5 years experience may be registered for Ph.D. in related
discipline.
Note: All candidates registered under clause 2.2 (b) will have to clear six Postgraduate
courses. However candidates having Postgraduate Diploma/ Degree approved/
recognized by competent authority in the relevant field will be required to clear four
Postgraduate courses.
(c)
Engineering Bachelor Degree holders with minimum First Class marks or equivalent grade may also
be permitted to register for Ph.D. in the related field of the Applied Sciences.
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2.3
A candidate may register for Ph. D. Programme in Management provided the candidate fulfils any of the
following eligibility criteria:
(a)
A candidate having MBA Degree with a minimum of First Class marks or equivalent grade in the
qualifying examination will be eligible for registration to Ph.D. in Management.
(b)
(c)
(d)
A candidate having Postgraduate Degree with a minimum of First Class marks or equivalent grade
in any relevant discipline (or a qualification recognized as equivalent by Academic Council) with a
minimum of three years of teaching / research /industry experience in management may be
permitted to register for Ph.D. in Management.
(e)
A candidate having First Class marks or equivalent grade in the Bachelors Degree in Engineering
with a minimum of three years of teaching/research/industry experience shall also be permitted to
register for Ph. D. in Management.
Note: All candidates registered under clause 2.3(d) and (e) will have to clear four
Postgraduate courses in Management within two years of confirmation of registration.
Note:
For the Eligibility qualification under Rule 2.1 to 2.3 the candidates whose marks are in
CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) and no class has been indicated may only be
considered if proper documents are produced to prove passing the examination in the
First Class otherwise such cases may be dealt with the rules prevailing at ISM for
Undergraduate students. M. Tech. by Research in Engineering in a relevant field awarded
by the School will be treated as equivalent to First Class for the purpose of Ph. D.
registration.
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A candidate possessing Postgraduate Degree (M. Phil. / M.A.) in the relevant subject with a minimum of
55% marks or equivalent grade may be permitted to register for Ph. D. Degree in Humanities & Social
Sciences.
Note: A candidate with M.A. Degree in the relevant field shall have to clear four courses of M. Phil.
level within two years of confirmation of registration.
2.5.
GENERAL GUIDELINES:
2.5.1
In each of the courses to be cleared for registration, the candidate will be required to obtain at
least C+ Grade (10 Point Scales). Other rules of Postgraduate courses will be applicable to these
candidates also. However, there is no requirement of attendance, practical and sessional of the
courses for the Part-time Scholar. Further, staying at the School will not be required for Part-time
Scholar. If a candidate fails to obtain minimum C+ Grade in any course within the stipulated
period, the registration of the candidates will stand cancelled.
The DRC while recommending the registration shall specify in consultation with the Research
Guide the courses to be cleared by the candidate and the subject/discipline in which the Degree is
to be awarded.
The eligibility conditions stated above are the minimum requirements. DRC may prescribe any
other requirement(s) including course work over and above to those mentioned above. Additional
courses, if any, to be cleared by the candidate, shall be prescribed by the DRC in consultation
with the Guide while recommending the registration. The DRC or the concerned Guide may
advise a candidate to present a seminar before recommending the registration, if so required.
2.5.2
All the candidates applying for registration as Part-time scholar of the School must be employed in
an organization approved as Research Centre of the School. Those organizations not in the list of
approved Research Centre needed to apply for the same.
2.5.3
An application for Registration as a candidate for the Ph.D. Degree of the School shall be made
by the candidate (in the prescribed form) to the Registrar through the Competent Authority of
Organization where the candidate is employed. The application shall contain the following:
(i) The name, home address (along with phone & mobile nos. and email id.) and occupation of
applicant.
(ii) Academic qualification of the applicant (Degree obtained, with percentage of marks/
grade/class, year and name of the School awarding the Degree).
(iii) Teaching, research and/or industrial experience, if any, of the applicant.
(iv) A synopsis of the problem in about 250-500 words on which he/she proposes to work along
with the proposed plan of work and title of the proposed thesis.
(v) A statement on the previous research work done and/or publication made, if any.
(vi) Whether any application for a Research Degree was submitted by him/her previously to the
School and if so, mentioned the status of earlier application.
(vii) The name, qualification and designation of the proposed Guide(s). (A Co-Guide should be
associated if the Guide is scheduled to retire within two years).
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(a) As decided in 82nd Academic Council meeting on 19th August 2011: For Part Time Ph. D.
Registration inclusion of External guide is mandatory. However, as practised earlier, if the
candidate resides around Dhanbad (within 10 km), may be allowed without External guide
subject to no objection from the serving organization, where the candidate is serving.
An External Guide should normally be a Ph.D./Postgraduate Degree holder in the subject
relevant to the proposed field of research and should be holding a senior position in the
organization where the candidate is employed. In exceptional cases, Eminent Engineers
having published work of National/International repute in the broad areas of proposed
research may also be permitted to act as Guide.
(b) Internal guide should be a Ph.D. Degree holder. However, a faculty holding a senior position in
the School and having a Postgraduate Degree in the relevant field of research with a minimum
of ten years of teaching/research experience may also act as internal guide.
(c) Where laboratory work is required to be done, a certificate by the concerned Head of the
organization regarding the adequacy and availability of the apparatus and other facilities for
the purpose of research should be forwarded through proper channel by the organization
(where the candidate is employed) directly to the School. However, advance copy may be
submitted by the candidate for initiating the registration process.
2.5.5
The Candidate should ensure before submitting his/her application, that the organization where
he/she proposes to carry out research, is a recognized centre of research by the School (list of
recognized research center(s) appended in Annexure-III).
(a) A Scholar will not be entitled to register under a Guide who is in the last year of service.
(b) An Emeritus Scientist/ Emeritus Faculty /Project Coordinator (or Leader) or of equivalent
status associated with the School fulfilling the conditions stipulated at 2.7(b) may be permitted
to register a student under his/her guidance for Ph.D. provided he/she is not in the last year of
service and the concerned DRC recommends so.
2.5.6
The registration, if approved by Academic Council, shall be effective from the date of receipt of the
application complete in all respect at the office of the Registrar. If the candidate so desires, he/she
may apply for registration from the date of the Academic Council meeting, which approved the
registration. Option once exercised cannot be changed later on. In case, the research load of the
Guide exceeds the maximum permissible limit, the date of registration of the candidate will be
effective from the date the research load of the Guide comes down to permissible limit.
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Candidate registered for the Ph.D. Degree may be permitted at any later time, to modify the
scheme or title of his/her research work with the express permission of the Chairman, Academic
Council provided the concerned Guide(s) recommends such change. He/she may also, if
sufficient grounds exist, be permitted by the Chairman Academic Council to change his/her
Guide(s). All applications for such change shall be submitted through the concerned Internal
Guide and Chairman, Departmental Research Committee.
The Chairman, Academic Council may permit modification in the title of research work even after
pre-submission seminar if it is felt necessary by the concerned Departmental Research
Committee to modify the title of Research. However, change of topic will not be allowed at this
stage.
2.5.8
A candidate registered for the Ph.D. Degree may submit his/her thesis for examination as below:
(a) Normally after two years from the date of registration in case of those having a Postgraduate
Degree in Engineering or after three years in case of those having Bachelors Degree in
Engineering/Masters Degree in non-Engineering subjects.
OR
(b) Candidates having M. Tech./ M. Sc. Tech. / M. Phil. Degree in Applied Geology / Applied
Geophysics / Applied Sciences/ Humanities & Social Science / MBA may submit their thesis
after two years from the date of registration, if they are registered for Ph.D. in non Engineering
subjects.
2.5.9
No candidate shall be permitted to remain registered for a period exceeding seven years from the
date of registration. However, an extension of one year may be granted by the Chairman,
Academic Council on specific request from the candidate forwarded by the guide.
3.0
3.1
(i) A Candidate registered for Ph. D. Degree shall be required to carry on research work in the
relevant Department of the School under the guidance of a supervisor approved by the
Academic Council. The Academic Council may permit two Guides for interdisciplinary/
sponsored projects on the recommendation of DRC. Joint Guides may be permitted from the
same Department where the research topic is of interdisciplinary / intra-disciplinary nature and
there is a clear-cut distinction between the research areas. The DRC should justify the specific
contribution required from the two Guides.
(ii) Appointment of any joint Guide will not be permitted after a lapse of eighteen months from the
date of registration of the candidate, except in case where none of the Guides are in the
School for a period of one year or more at a stretch.
(iii) In case the Guide of any candidate ceases to be the Guide by virtue of retirement or on leave
or otherwise, and there is no Co-Guide in the concerned Department, the assignment of next
Guide shall be made by the Chairman, Academic Council on recommendation from DRC.
However, no change of Guide shall be necessary in case of absence of the Guide from the
School for less than a year provided that the candidate has worked under him/her for a year or
more. In such cases, the DRC shall assign an acting supervisor during the period of absence
of the Guide. However, this may be done in consultation with the Guide.
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(i) The teachers and other employees of the School will be treated at par with other part time
Scholars for registration and research work.
(ii) A faculty member registered for Ph.D. Degree will not be permitted to Guide a Scholar for Ph.
D. Degree.
(iii) An employee of the School will not normally be permitted to have any external Guide. Only in
exceptional cases the Academic Council may relax this clause.
3.3
(i) A Research Scholar shall normally be required to reside at the same place where his/her
external Guide resides and shall spend at the School a minimum of four months for carrying
out his/her research work. However, if he/she is not having an external Guide associated with
him/her, the residential requirement at the School (waived off for candidates from Dhanbad
district) will be raised to eight months (in phases). However if the candidate is transferred to
some other location in the same organization after completing his/her research work to the
satisfaction of the internal Guide, the Chairman Academic Council may permit such Scholar to
complete his/her thesis under the guidance of the internal Guide and submit the thesis.
(ii) The Scholar would be required to give a declaration as to whether he/she has carried out
research work independently. Any help taken from any other source should be duly
acknowledged in the thesis.
(iii) The Research Scholar has to submit a progress report within two weeks of the end of each
year through his/her internal Guide(s) and concerned HOD. After having considered the
progress report of the candidate, HOD shall recommend one of the following:
(a) Continuation of registration of the scholar.
(b) Termination of registration of the scholar.
(iv) Research Scholar who could not submit his/her thesis within the maximum stipulated period
for submission of thesis, may be permitted by Academic Council to re-register on the same
subject and may submit his/her thesis after one year of such re-registration. The period of reregistration shall be counted from the date of expiry of the earlier registration.
3.4
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3.6
The thesis shall carry a declaration from the candidates Guide(s) to the effect that
(i) The subject matter of thesis is a record of work done by the candidate himself/ herself under
his/her/their guidance and
(ii) The contents of the thesis did not form a basis for the award of any previous Degree to
him/her (other than that of M. Phil) or to the best of his/her/their knowledge, to any other
person.
(iii) A candidate with prior permission from the Guide(s) may incorporate in his/her thesis the
content of any work which he/she may have done previously, but has to indicate the extent to
which it has been incorporated. However, the Guide must satisfy himself/herself that the work
is done by the candidate, particularly when the research work is done in some other
organization without an external Guide.
4.0
4.1.
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The candidate must have two papers published/accepted for publication in a refereed journal of
repute,
or
at least one paper published/accepted for publication in a refereed journal of repute and one full
paper published/accepted for publication in Proceedings of an International/National Conference.
Communicated papers will not be considered.
4.1.2.
The first draft of the thesis must be ready at the time of pre-submission seminar and one copy
should be made available to the Doctoral Scrutiny Committee.
4.2.
Pre-submission Seminar
4.2.1.
Prior to the pre-submission, a Doctoral Scrutiny Committee (DSC) shall be appointed by the
Chairman, Academic Council, on the recommendation of the Chairperson, Departmental
Research Committee (DRC) and the Supervisor(s).
The constitution of the Doctoral Scrutiny Committee shall be as follows:
a. Chairperson, Departmental Research Committee
- Chairperson
- Member
c.
- Member
d. Guide/Supervisor(s)
- Member
In case the Chairperson is the Guide/Supervisor, another member from DRC will be a member of
the DSC.
4.2.2.
The candidate will be required to submit a draft synopsis of the thesis and give a presubmission seminar on a date that shall be notified adequately in advance by the Supervisor(s)
so as to enable interested Faculty members and students to attend the same.
4.2.3.
The DSC shall assess the work of the candidate through the pre-submission seminar. The
candidate will prepare the final synopsis of the thesis only if the DSC is satisfied about the quality
of the research work.
4.2.4.
The Chairperson, DSC shall forward a satisfactory pre-submission seminar report of DSC to the
Examination Section.
If the DSC is not satisfied about the pre-submission seminar, the candidate will be informed by
DSC to give pre-submission seminar again on a separate date.
4.3.
4.3.1.
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The Supervisor(s) through Chairperson, DSC shall submit a list of Examiners to the Examination
Section, within seven days from the date of successful completion of pre-submission seminar.
The list shall consist of name, designation, complete postal address, telephone numbers and email address of four foreign and six Indian examiners from Universities / Industries / Research
Institutes.
4.4.
4.4.1.
Candidate through Supervisor(s) should submit to the Academic Section a soft copy (in PDF) and
four soft bound printed copies of the thesis written in the prescribed format, within 60 days from
the date of successful completion of pre-submission seminar.
4.4.2.
In case the synopsis and thesis are not submitted in the specified period, the candidate will be
asked to present another pre-submission seminar.
4.4.3.
A certificate from the candidate countersigned by the Supervisor(s) stating that the
thesis does not contain any classified information, or the requisite permission has
been obtained from the competent authority for using such information.
4.6.
4.6.1.
The thesis would be sent for evaluation to three external examiners from the approved panel, out
of which one would be from foreign University/Industry/Research Institute.
4.6.2.
Permission for the conduct of the Ph.D. viva voce examination would be granted on receipt of
favorable reports from any two appointed examiners within 45 days from the date of despatch of
the thesis.
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In case only one favourable report is received within the stipulated time, the thesis shall be sent
to two more examiners from the approved panel. If reports from both the newly appointed
examiners are not received within 30 days from the despatch of the thesis, the matter will be
referred to the Committee (as mentioned in 4.5) for appropriate action.
4.6.4.
If any revision of the thesis is suggested by the examiners, the candidate shall be required to
submit the revised thesis within a period of three months from the date of intimation to the
candidate. The Supervisor(s)/Guide(s) must give a compliance certificate to the effect that the
required revisions have been incorporated.
4.6.5.
If two of the reports are unfavorable, the thesis submitted by the candidate shall be disapproved.
The decision will be communicated to the candidate and the Supervisor(s) by the Registrar.
4.6.6.
A thesis which has been disapproved may be permitted to be revised and resubmitted. In such
cases all processes for evaluation of thesis shall be followed, and the external examiners shall be
appointed by the Examination Board afresh.
4.6.7.
5.
5.1
After the thesis has been approved as detailed in Rule 4, the candidate shall be required to give
a Ph. D. defence seminar on a pre-specified date notified by the Supervisor(s). The Ph.D.
defence seminar will be followed by a viva voce examination conducted by the DSC and one of
the External Examiners.
5.2
Presence of at least three members including one External Examiner from among the approved
panel of examiners is essential during defence seminar and viva voce.
5.3
The external examiner could participate in the examination by means of video conferencing in
case he/she is unable to be physically present for whatever reason(s).
5.4.
In extraordinary situation which will be recommended by DSC and permitted by the Chairman
Examination Board, the candidate can defend his/her thesis through video conferencing.
5.5.
The Ph. D. defence seminar and viva voce examination should be with reference to the thesis
and concerned topics only.
5.6.
The Ph. D. defence seminar and viva voce examination should be conducted in public. However,
the attendees other than members of the examination committee will be permitted as observers
only.
5.7.
5.8.
After successful completion of Ph.D. defence seminar and viva voce, the candidate shall submit
to the Examination Section, two hardbound copies and one soft (PDF version) copy of the thesis
for official record.
6.
6.1.
On considering the report of the Examination Committee, the Examination Board after being fully
satisfied that the candidate is worthy of award of Degree of Ph. D. of the Institute, will
recommend the candidates name to be published for award of Ph. D. degree along with the
subject, title of the candidates thesis and name of the Supervisor(s)/Guide(s).
Page 11 of 18
In case of Examination Board meeting scheduled beyond 7 days of the submission of final report,
the Committee mentioned in 4.5 shall consider the final Ph.D. report mentioned in 5.7 and
recommend the candidates name to be published for award of Ph.D. degree along with the
subject, title of the candidates thesis and name of the Supervisor(s)/Guide(s).
The recommendation of the Committee shall be reported to the Examination Board in its next
meeting.
6.3.
A provisional certificate shall be issued from Examination Section after the results are declared
with approval from the Competent authority.
6.4.
An appropriate Degree under the seal of the Institute shall be awarded to the successful
candidate in the ensuing annual convocation.
7.0
OTHERS:
7.1.
Any doubt or dispute arising about the interpretation of the regulations shall be referred to the
Chairman, Academic Council whose decision shall be final. For each thesis copy right Indian
School of Mines, Dhanbad will be applicable.
7.2.
If a candidate is likely to submit his/her thesis within two months from the date of commencement
of the next semester/year as the case may be, he/she need not pay the fees for the next
semester/year. However, this period will not be extended in any case. Also, prior approval in the
matter should be obtained from the Chairman, Academic Council.
7.3.
The teachers & other employees of the School will be exempted from paying the fees.
7.4.
All Educational Institutes funded by Government of India or any State Government/ Universities/
Colleges which are registered and/or recognized by AICTE/UGC/MHRD be considered as
Research Centre of the School. All other Educational Institutes/University/Colleges etc. are to be
considered by the Research Centre Committee on the recommendations of DRC and Guide for
inclusion in ISM Research Centre List on case to case basis.
7.5
Proforma for inclusion of organization / institution in the Approved Research Centre List of the
School is appended in Annexure-II.
7.6
7.7
Proforma for Yearly Progress Report to be submitted by the Research Scholar is presented in
Annexure-IV.
7.8
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Annexure - II
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
PROFORMA
(1)
Is your organization:
(a) Educational Institute (If yes, whether it is recognized by AICTE/UGC/MHRD)
(b) Research Laboratory
(c) Industrial Organisation
(d) Any other organization (Please clarify)
(2)
(a) Does your organization, possesses facilities for carrying out research? (Please
specify the area of research)
(b) Name the place where research laboratory facilities of your organization are
located (related to 2(a) above)
(c ) Indicate the names of laboratories, you have in your organization, the major
activities being carried out at such laboratories
Yes/No.
-------------------
(3)
Yes/No
---------Yes/No
How many employees in your organization are currently carrying out Doctoral
Degree?
Do you publish Annual Report/ News Bulletin/House Journal of your organization?
If yes, kindly arrange to send a copy of the same.
Yes/No
Yes/No
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Yes/No
---------Yes / No
Yes/No
Yes/No
Page 13 of 18
Annexure - III
LIST OF APPROVED RESEARCH CENTRES
I.
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
All Universities
All Deemed Universities
All India Institute of Technologies (IITs)
All India Institute of Managements (IIMs)
Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI), Jamshedpur
Indraprastha Engg. College, Ghaziabad, UP Approved for E&I
ICICI Securities, Ranchi Approved for Management Studies
Management Institute of Durgapur Approved for Management
Cambridge Institute of Technology, Tatisilwai, Ranchi Approved for E&I
Durgapur Institute of Advanced Technology & Management Approved for Management.
Xavier Institute of Social Services, Ranchi Approved for Management Studies / Computer Science &
Engg.
BRCM College of Engg. & Technology, Bahal Vidyagram, Bahal Approved for Mechanical Engg. &
Mining Machinery Engg.
Govt. College of Engineering & Textile Technology, Berhampore, West
Bengal Approved for Computer Science & Engg.
12.
13.
II.
R & D LABS./PROJECTS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
17.
III.
GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
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CGWB
Mineral Development Board
Electronic Commission of India
Indian Bureau of Mines, Nagpur
All GOI Departments including Deptt. of coal, Steel & Mines and Environment.
IV.
INDUSTRIAL ORGANISATIONS:
A.
Public Sector:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
B.
Private Sector:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Page 15 of 18
Page 16 of 18
Annexure - IV
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
YEARLY PROGRESS REPORT OF PART-TIME RESEARCH SCHOLAR
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Experimental work done [if more space required, please attach & separate sheet]:
Field work done, if any :
Period devoted at ISM to consult internal supervisor
(i)
(ii)
3.6
Whether writing of thesis started :
4.1
Seminar presented at ISMU
4.2
Courses, as required, passed
4.3
Whether yearly fee @ Rs.12650/- p.a. paid for the period
5.0
Any other matter that you may like to report :
Date : Signature of the Candidate
The Progress of research of Shri . During the period under review has been
satisfactory / not satisfactory.
Date:
Signature of external supervisor
The progress of research of Shri . During the period under review
has been satisfactory / not satisfactory.
Date :
Signature of internal supervisor
Forwarded
Date :
Page 17 of 18
Annexure - V
FORMAT OF THESIS
Binding of
thesis
Inside of
thesis
Cover
Soft Binding
Colour
Margin Top
Margin Bottom
Margin Left
Margin Right
Printing on the Top
Printing in the middle
of cover
Center
Printing on Bottom
Light Blue
4 Cm
4 Cm
4 Cm
2 Cm
Title of the thesis in capital letters (24 font size) Times New Roman
Name of the candidate in capital letters (18 font size) Times New
Roman
Logo
THESIS
Submitted to INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
for the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
in (subject)
Month, Year
The binding edge of the jacket should contain the name of the
candidate, year and thesis title.
In 1 space, Font 12 Times New Roman
References
3 Cm
3 Cm
4 Cm
2 Cm
Good quality (bond/maplitho)
29 cms long, 23 cms wide
(i) Printing of cover to be repeated on first page
(ii) Certificate of the supervisor(s)
(iii) Acknowledgement
(Thesis not to be dedicated to any relative)
(iv) Synopsis -To convey briefly the content of the thesis to draw
attention to all new information and to the main conclusions. It should
be factual and should be suitable for copying, quoting or indexing by
information services.
(v) Contents
(vi) List of Tables
(vii) List of Figures
(viii) List of symbols and abbreviations, if any-The text which follows
should have suitable titles and sub-titles with pages numbered at the
top right hand corner 1 cm from top and 1 cm from right edge. First
chapter should be Introduction and the last chapter should be
Summary and Conclusions
Either the Harvard system, in which the names and dates given in
the body of the text and the references to be alphabetically listed at
the end of the thesis or a system in which numbers are inserted in
the text e.g. [3], and references to those are given at the end of the
thesis in as BIS system.
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