Case Study 1
Case Study 1
Case Study 1
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more options for wastewater treatment at low cost. In both developed and developing
nations, centralized sewage treatment system may not fulfill sustainable wastewater
management requirements in
future due to ever-increasing demand. Therefore in the present study an attempt is made to
know the efficiency of vermifilter as decentralized treatment for parameters pH, total
dissolved solids, removal of biological
oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. In this study sewage water is treated using
vermi filter containing earthworms and the results are compared with permissible standards
of treated water. The average removal efficiencies of the vermin filter were as follows:
chemical oxygen demand (COD) 68.52 %; biological oxygen demand (BOD) 72.05 %;
total dissolved solids 15.42 %. During the process of vermifiltration, there was no sludge
formation in the process and was also an odor-free process and the resulting vermifiltered
water was clean
enough to be reused for farm irrigation and gardens. Thus, earthworm activities had
significant relationship with treatment efficiency of parameters by vermifilter of domestic
wastewater.
Malang City
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of quality on Java Governor No 61 of 1999. The study of result showed that the
characteristic of the wastewater effluent at three hospital in Malang City containing
contaminants that exceeded the quality standart based on Java Governor No 61 of 1999, for
example: 31% of BOD,24% of Ortho phospat, 50% of phenol, 42% of chlorine- free and
17% of lead were higher of standart limit with mean the average efficiency of the WWTP
by 58%.
of
Studies
in
Environmental
Science,
University
of
Mysore,
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Received March 27, 2010; revised July 2, 2010; accepted July 15, 2010
ABSTRACT: The rapid growth of the population, the technological and industrial boom
has brought enormous problems and degradation of the environment. There is a gradual
decline in availability of fresh water to be used for irrigation in India. As a consequence,
the use of urban waste water (UWW) for irrigating agricultural lands is on the rise
particularly in pre-urban areas of developing countries. Effective collection and treatment
of urban wastewater is a critical problem in a developing country like India. A case study
was undertaken to assess the characteristic of the urban waste water and its management in
Mysore city and its long-term effect on irrigation. The untreated and treated urban waste
water was collected during 2008 and analyzed in the laboratory. The suitability of the
UWW for irrigation purposes is then evaluated according to the existing water quality
standards and the results were compared with Food and Agriculture organization (FAO)
irrigation water quality standards. It is evident from the results, that the current situation is
not promising especially regarding the Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids,
Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Suspended Solids and heavy
metal concentrations and also pH of the treated UWW is exceeding the FAO standards.
Among the heavy metals, the concentration of Iron and chromium are ex-ceeding the FAO
standards.
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A small wetland (5 ha) is today located between the river and the wastewater outfall, and
this study has focused on its treatment capacity. The wetland vegetation stands for a
potential treatment, but the vegetation is not the only reason to wetland removal
efficiencies. The major mechanisms for pollutant removal in wetlands include both
bacterial transformations and chemical processes including adsorption, precipitation and
sedimentation. In these processes wetland characteristics such as size, depth and retention
time are important.
It was observed that the levels of pathogens coming from the old wastewater treatment
plant were exceeding the recommended levels. Coliforms can be removed through
adaptation to gravel and submersed plant parts biofilms. The studied wetland was not
useful for this treatment purpose, mainly because its retention time was too short. For the
same reason a large nutrient treatment is not to be expected, which demands the retention
time to be fairly long because the nitrate molecules and the denitrification bacteria need
time to interact.
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