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1.

4 For each of the following items from a public-opinion survey, indicate the
level of measurement and whether the variable will be discrete or continuous.
(HINT: Remember that only interval-ratio-level variables can be continuous.)
a. In what country were you born? Nominal
b. What is your age? Ordinal
c. How many years of school have you completed? Interval Rasio
d. What is your occupation? Nominal
e. If you were asked to use one of these four names for your social class, which
would you say you
belonged in?
Ordinal Upper Nominal Middle

___________ Working ___________ Lower


f. What is your grade-point average? Interval Rasio
g. What is your major? Nominal
h. The only way to deal with the drug problem is to legalize all drugs.
Ordinal Strongly agree
_______ Agree
________ Undecided
________ Disagree
________ Strongly disagree
i. What is your astrological sign? Nominal
j. How many brothers and sisters do you have? Interval Rasio

1.5 Following are brief descriptions of how researchers measured a variable. For
each situation, determine the level of measurement of the variable and whether
it is continuous or discrete.

a. Race or ethnicity. Respondents were asked to check all that apply:


Nominal Black
_______ White
________ Hispanic
________ Asian or Pacific Islander
________ Native American
________ Other (Please specify: ______________)
b. Honesty. Subjects were observed as they passed by a spot where an
apparently lost wallet was
lying. The wallet contained money and complete identification. Subjects were
classified into one of
the following categories:
Ordinal returned the wallet with money;
________ returned the wallet but kept the money;
________ did not return the wallet.
c. Social class. Subjects were asked about their fam- ily situation when they were
16 years old. Was
their family:
Ordinal Very well off compared to other families?
________ About average?
________ Not so well off?
d. Education. Subjects were asked how many years of schooling they had
completed. Interval Rasio
e. Racial integration on campus. Students were observed during lunchtime at the
cafeteria for a
month. The number of students sitting with students of other races was counted
for each meal period. Interval

f. Number of children. Subjects were asked: How many children have you ever
had? Please include
any that may have passed away. Interval Rasio
g. Student seating patterns in classrooms. On the first day of class, instructors
noted where each stu-dent sat. Seating patterns were re-measured everytwo
weeks until the end of the semester. Each student was classified as:
Nominal same seat as last measurement;
________ adjacent seat;
________ different seat, not adjacent;
________ absent.
h. Physicians per capita. The number of physicians was counted in each of 50
cities. The researchers
used population data to compute the number of physicians per capita. Interval
Rasio
i. Physical attractiveness. A panel of 10 judges rated each of 50 photos of a
mixed-race sample of
males and females for physical attractiveness on a scale from 0 to 20, with 20
being the highest score. Ordinal
j. Number of accidents. The number of traffic accidents per year for each of 20
intersections was recorded. Also, each accident was rated as:
Interval Rasio minor damage, no injuries;
Ordinal moderate damage, personal injury requiring hospitalization;
________ severe damage and injury.

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