PIPING INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE

1. What factors to consider for site selection?

Ans : District classification, Transportation facilities, Manpower
availability, industrial infrastructure, community infrastructure, availability
of raw water, effluent disposal, availability of power, availability of
industrial gas, site size and nature, ecology and pollution.
2. What are different standards?
Ans : Most commonly use standards are as follows:
Sr. Standard Description
1. ANSI B18.2 Square and hexagola head bolts and nuts
2. ANSI B16.3 Malleable iron threaded fittings
3. ANSI B16.4 Cast iron threaded fittings.
4. ANSI B16.9 Steel buttwelding fittings
5. ANSI B16.11 Forged steel socketwelding and threaded fittings
6. ANSI B16.25 Buttwelding ends
7. ANSI B16.28 Short elbow radius and returns
8. MSS-SP-43 Stainless steel buttweld fittings
9. MSS-SP-83 Pipe Unions
10. API 605 Large diameter carbon steel flanges
11. ANSI B16.1 Cast iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings
12. ANSI B16.5 Steel pipe flanges and flanged fittings
13. ANSI B16.47 Large diameter steel pipe flanges and flanged fitts.
14. ANSI B16.20 Ring joint gaskets and grooves for pipe flanges
15. ANSI B16.21 Non metallic gaskets for pipe flanges
16. API 601 Metallic gasket for refinery piping.
17. API 5L Specification for line pipe.
18. ANSI B16.10 Welded and seamless wrought steel pipes
19. ANSI B36.19 Welded and seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe
20. ANSI B16.10 Face to face and end to end dimensions of valves
21. ANSI B16.34 Steel valves, flanged and buttwelding ends.
3. What are various temporary closures for lines?
Ans : Line blind valve, line blind, spectacle plate, double block and bleed,
blind flanges replacing a removable spool.
4. Where jacked screwed flange is used ?
Ans : For spectacle discs, one flange is jacked screw flange. This flange
has two jacked screws 180 degree apart which are used to create
sufficient space between flange for easy removal and placement of line
blind or spectacle blind.
5. What is double block and bleed?
Ans : Two valves with bleed ring in between with a bleed valve connected
to the hole of bleed ring.

6. Where blind flange is used ?

Ans : It is used with view to future expansion of the piping system, or for
cleaning, inspection etc.

TOWERS
7. What are crude oil ranges?
Ans : Crude oil BP Range: 100F-1400F, lightest material: Butene below
100F, Heavier materials- upto 800F, Residue above 800F.
8. What is batch shell process?
Ans : feed, heat,condense,heat more,condense, low quality.
9. What are types of towers?
Ans : Stripper, Vacuum tower, trayed, packed towers.
10. What is chimney tray?
Ans : Its a solid plate with central chimney section, used at drawoff
sections of the tower.
11. What factors to consider while setting tower elevation?
Ans : NPSH, Operator access, Maintenance access, Minimum clearance,
reboiler type , common area, type of support, Tower dimensions, type of
head, bottom outlet size, foundation details, minimum clearances.
12. How to located tower maintenance access nozzles ?
Ans : At bottom, top and intermediate sections of tower, must not be at
the downcomer section of tower and in front of internal piping.
13. How to located feed nozzle ?
Ans : Must be oriented in specific area of tray by means of internal
piping.
14. How to located temperature and pressure instruments ?
Ans : Temperature in liquid space, at downcomer side and pressure in
vapor space, in area except downcomer sector.

1. What are the steps in selection of valve?

2. Ans : What to handle, liquid, gas or powder, fluid nature, function,construction material,
disc type, stem type, how to operate, bonnet type,body ends, delivery time, cost,
warranty.2. What are functions of valves?Ans : Isolation, regulation, non-return and
special purposes.3. What are isolating valves?Ans : Gate, ball, plug, piston, diaphragm,
butterfly, pinch.4. What are regulation valves?Ans : Globe, needle, butterfly, diaphragm,

piston, pinch.5. What are non-return valves?Ans : check valve,6. What are special
valves?Ans : multi-port, flush bottom, float, foot, pressure relief, breather.7. What
materials are used for construction of valves?Ans : Cast iron, bronze, gun metal, carbon
steel, stainless steel, alloycarbon steel, polypropylene and other plastics, special
alloys.8. What is trim?Ans : Trim is composed of stem, seat surfaces, back seat bushing
andother small internal parts that normally contact the surface fluid.9. Which standard
specifies trim numbers for valve ?Ans : API 600.10. What are wetted parts of valve?Ans :
All parts that come in contact with surface fluid are called wettedparts.11. What is wire
drawing?Ans : This term is used to indicate the premature erosion of the valveseat
caused by excessive velocity between seat and seat disc, when valveis not closed
tightly.12. What is straight through valve?Ans : Valve in which the closing operation of
valve is achieved by90degrees turn of the closing element.13. What pressure tests are
carried out on valves?Ans : Shell-hydrostatic, seat-hydrostatic, seat-pneumatic14. What
are available valve operators?Ans : Handlever, handwheel, chain operator, gear
operator, poweredoperator likes electric motor, solenoid, pneumatic and
hydraulicoperators, Quick acting operators for non-rotary valves (handle lift).15. What
are two types of ball valve?Ans : Full port design and regular port design, according to
type of seat,soft seat and metal seat.16. What are ball valve body types?Ans : Single
piece, double piece, three piece, the short pattern, longpattern, sandwitch and flush
bottom design.17. Why ball valves are normally flanged?Ans : Because of soft seat
PTFE which can damage during welding.18. What are butterfly valve types?Ans :
Double flange type, wafer lug type and wafer type.19. What are types of check valve?
Ans : Lift check valves and swing check valves.20. What are non-slam check valves?
Ans : Swing check valve, conventional check valve, wafer check valve,tilting disc check
valve, piston check valve, stop check valve, ball checkvalve.21. Where stop check valve
is used ?Ans : In stem generation by multiple boilers, where a valve is insertedbetween
each boiler and the main steam header. It can be optionallyclosed automatically or
normally.22. Where diaphragm valves are used ?Ans : Used for low pressure corrosive
services as shut off valves.23. What is Barstock Valve?Ans: Any valve having a body
machined from solid metal (barstock).Usually needle or globe type.24. What is BIBB
Valve?Ans: A small valve with turned down end, like a faucet.25. What is Bleed Valve?
Ans: Small valve provided for drawing off liquid. - See more at: http://pipinginfo.blogspot.in/2009/04/piping-questionnaire-valve-part-1-of3.html#sthash.LlqQJwch.dpuf

26. What is BlowDown Valve?Ans Refers to a plug type disc globe valve used for removing
sludge andsedimentary matter from the bottom of boiler drums, vessels, driplegsetc.27. What is
Breather Valve?Ans: A special self acting valve installed on storage tanks etc. to releasevapor
or gas on slight increase of internal pressure ( in the region of to3 ounces per square
inch).28. What is Drip Valve?Ans: A drain valve fitted to the bottom of a driplet to permit
blowdown.29. What is Flap Valve?Ans: A non return valve having a hinged disc or rubber or
leather flapused for low pressure lines.30. What is Hose Valve?Ans: A gate or globe valve
having one of its ends externally threaded toone of the hose thread standards in use in the
USA. These valves areused for vehicular and firewater connections.31. What is Paper-Stock

Valve?Ans: A single disc single seat gate valve (Slide gate) with knife edged ornotched disc
used to regulate flow of paper slurry or other fibrous slurry.32. What is Root Valve?Ans: A valve
used to isolate a pressure element or instrument from a lineor vessel, or a valve placed at the
beginning of a branch form theheader.33. What is Slurry valve?Ans: A knife edge valve used to
control flow of non-abrasive slurries.34. What is Spiral sock valve?Ans: A valve used to control
flow of powders by means of a twistablefabric tube or sock.35. What is Throttling valve?Ans:
Any valve used to closely regulate flow in the just-open position.36. What is Vacuum breaker?
Ans: A special self-acting valve or nay valve suitable for vacuum service,operated manually or
automatically, installed to admit gas (usuallyatmospheric air) into a vacuum or low-pressure
space. Such valves areinstalled on high points of piping or vessels to permit draining
andsometimes to prevent siphoning.37. What is Quick acting valve ?Ans: Any on/off valve
rapidly operable, either by manual lever, spring orby piston, solenoid or lever with heat-fusible
link releasing a weight whichin falling operates the valve. Quick acting valves are desirable in
linesconveying flammable liquids. Unsuitable for water or for liquid service ingeneral without a
cushioning device to protect piping from shock.38. What is diverting valve ?Ans : This valve
switch flow from one main line to two different outlets.WYE type and pneumatic control type with
no moving part.39. What is sampling valve?Ans : Usually of needle or globe pattern, placed in
branch line for thepurpose of drawing all samples of process material thru the branch.40. What
are blow off valve?Ans : It is a variety of globe valve confirming with boiler coderequirements
and specially designed for boiler blowoff service. WYEpattern and angle type, used to remove
air and other gases from boilersetc.41. What is relief valve?Ans : Valve to relieve excess
pressure in liquids in situations where fullflow discharge is not required, when release of small
volume of liquidwould rapidly lower pressure.42. What is safety valve?Ans : Rapid
opening(popping action) full flow valve for air and othergases.43. What is foot valve?Ans : Valve
used to maintain a head of water on the suction side of sumppump, basically a lift check valve
with integrated strainer.44. What is float valve?Ans : Used to control liquid level in tanks,
operated by float, which riseswith liquid level and opens the valve to control water level. It can
alsoremove air from system, in which case, air flows out of system in valveopen condition, but
when water reaches valve, float inside valve raises toclose the valve and stop flow of water.
Used in drip legs.45. What are flush bottom valves?Ans : Special type of valves used to drain
out the piping, reactors andvessels, attached on pad type nozzles.46. What are types of flush
bottom valves?Ans : Valves with discs opening into the tank and valves with disks intothe
valve.47. What are the uses of three-way valve?Ans : Alternate connection of the two supply
lines to a common deliveryvise versa, isolating one safety valve, division of flow with
isolationfacility.48. What are uses of four way valve?Ans : Reversal of pump suction and
delivery, By pass of strainer ormeter, reversal of flow through filter, heat exchanger or dryer.49.
What is metal seated lubricated plug valve?Ans : A plug valve with no plastic material, where
grease is applied tocontacting surfaces for easy operation.50. What are three patterns of plug
valve design?Ans : Regular pattern, short pattern and ventury pattern. - See more at:
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/04/piping-questionnaire-valve-part-2-of3.html#sthash.WwFJ0U2M.dpuf

1. What are the steps in selection of valve?Ans : What to handle, liquid, gas or
powder, fluid nature, function,construction material, disc type, stem type,
how to operate, bonnet type,body ends, delivery time, cost, warranty.2. What
are functions of valves?Ans : Isolation, regulation, non-return and special

purposes.3. What are isolating valves?Ans : Gate, ball, plug, piston,

diaphragm, butterfly, pinch.4. What are regulation valves?Ans : Globe,
needle, butterfly, diaphragm, piston, pinch.5. What are non-return valves?Ans
: check valve,6. What are special valves?Ans : multi-port, flush bottom, float,
foot, pressure relief, breather.7. What materials are used for construction of
valves?Ans : Cast iron, bronze, gun metal, carbon steel, stainless steel,
alloycarbon steel, polypropylene and other plastics, special alloys.8. What is
trim?Ans : Trim is composed of stem, seat surfaces, back seat bushing
andother small internal parts that normally contact the surface fluid.9. Which
standard specifies trim numbers for valve ?Ans : API 600.10. What are wetted
parts of valve?Ans : All parts that come in contact with surface fluid are called
wettedparts.11. What is wire drawing?Ans : This term is used to indicate the
premature erosion of the valveseat caused by excessive velocity between
seat and seat disc, when valveis not closed tightly.12. What is straight
through valve?Ans : Valve in which the closing operation of valve is achieved
by90degrees turn of the closing element.13. What pressure tests are carried
out on valves?Ans : Shell-hydrostatic, seat-hydrostatic, seat-pneumatic14.
What are available valve operators?Ans : Handlever, handwheel, chain
operator, gear operator, poweredoperator likes electric motor, solenoid,
pneumatic and hydraulicoperators, Quick acting operators for non-rotary
valves (handle lift).15. What are two types of ball valve?Ans : Full port design
and regular port design, according to type of seat,soft seat and metal
seat.16. What are ball valve body types?Ans : Single piece, double piece,
three piece, the short pattern, longpattern, sandwitch and flush bottom
design.17. Why ball valves are normally flanged?Ans : Because of soft seat
PTFE which can damage during welding.18. What are butterfly valve types?
Ans : Double flange type, wafer lug type and wafer type.19. What are types of
check valve?Ans : Lift check valves and swing check valves.20. What are nonslam check valves?Ans : Swing check valve, conventional check valve, wafer
check valve,tilting disc check valve, piston check valve, stop check valve, ball
checkvalve.21. Where stop check valve is used ?Ans : In stem generation by
multiple boilers, where a valve is insertedbetween each boiler and the main
steam header. It can be optionallyclosed automatically or normally.22. Where
diaphragm valves are used ?Ans : Used for low pressure corrosive services as
shut off valves.23. What is Barstock Valve?Ans: Any valve having a body
machined from solid metal (barstock).Usually needle or globe type.24. What
is BIBB Valve?Ans: A small valve with turned down end, like a faucet.25. What
is Bleed Valve?Ans: Small valve provided for drawing off liquid. - See more at:
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/04/piping-questionnaire-valve-part-1-of3.html#sthash.ZWSrf9PP.dpuf

1. http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-slide-chart.html
2. http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/03/formula-for-rolled-pipes-pipe-offset.html
3. http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/06/pipe-fitters-manual-download.html

4.
5.
6.
7.

http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/04/elbow-trimming-calculation-excel.html
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/08/types-of-piping-joints.html
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-slide-chart.html
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/02/what-is-hot-bolting-and-where-it-isused.html
8. http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/02/piping-details-drawings.html
9. http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/02/what-is-shut-off-pressure-in-pump.html
10.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/05/what-does-code-says-about-flarestack.html
11.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2015/11/piping-flowline-designer.html
12.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/05/download-asme-b313-processpiping_29.html
13.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/08/piping-handbook-download-pdf.html
14.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/pipes-flanges-and-fittingsdimensions.html
15.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-info-site-map.html
16.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/engineering-reference-excel-book.html
17.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/engineer-hand-book.html
18.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-quiz.html
19.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/chemical-industries-definitionbook.html
20.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-questions-and-answers.html
21.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-quiz-answers.html
22.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/piping-hand-book-data.html
23.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/02/pipe-support-design-andstandards.html
24.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/pdms-lesson-1-model-editor.html
25.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/pipe-rack-ways-rack-pipingtraining.html
26.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/valve-piping-training-book.html
27.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/proengineer-piping-fittings-inwildfire.html
28.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/bentley-autopipe-and-staadpro.html
29.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/piping-stress-related-designfactors.html
30.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/piping-designer-stress-training.html
31.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/piping-components-explanation.html
32.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/pdms-commands.html
33.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/03/pdms-latest-commands.html
34.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/07/piping-arrangement-aroundpiperack.html
35.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/08/types-of-piping-joints.html
36.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/09/codes-and-standards-used-inpiping.html
37.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/useful-piping-calculations-pressure.html
38.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/valve-sizing-calculations-download.html
39.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/npsh-calculator-for-processengineer.html
40.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/pipe-selection-and-friction-loss.html

41.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/introduction-applicabilitydefinitions.html
42.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2009/10/piping-design-reference-info.html
43.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/11/metallic-pipe-types-smls-saw-erw.html
44.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/03/vibration-control-of-piping-systems.html
45.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/03/piping-design-and-analysis.html
46.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/03/distilation-column-piping-stress.html
47.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/spacing-required-between-units.html
48.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/07/pdms-equipment-design-trainingmanual.html
49.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/08/pdms-tutorial-lesson-1-videoequipment.html
50.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/08/flare-system-discussion.html
51.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/piping-drawings-checkingprocedure.html
52.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/how-to-make-slope-line-in-pdms.html
53.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/piping-and-pipe-support-systemdownload.html
54.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/h2-psv-piping-design-points-to-be.html
55.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/what-is-orifice-in-piping-term-andwhat.html
56.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/questions-for-piping-engineer.html
57.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/10/steam-tracing-piping.html
58.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/11/piping-welding-symbols-downloadpdf.html
59.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/11/piping-general-arrangementsymbols.html
60.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2010/12/piping-components-code.html
61.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/01/offsite-storage-tank-pipingarrangement.html
62.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/01/pdms-tips-1-ecc-reducer-flat-sidetop.html
63.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/01/pdms-tips-1-ecc-reducer-flat-sidetop.html
64.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/01/pdms-tips-tricks.html
65.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/valve-personnel-access-workingspace.html
66.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/learn-basic-of-pipingengineering_28.html
67.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/safety-valve-design-procedure.html
68.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/downloadpump-hand-book.html
69.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/power-of-autocad-plant-3d-video.html
70.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/learn-basic-of-piping-engineering.html
71.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/02/learn-basic-of-pipingengineering_10.html
72.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/03/carbon-steel-stainless-steel-guide.html
73.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/04/ansi-pipe-schedules-wallwpft.html
74.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/04/piping-general-arrangementdrawing.html

75.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/04/piping-isometric-check-list.html
76.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/05/download-piping-materials-selectionand.html
77.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/05/preparation-for-piping-testing.html
78.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/05/minimum-gap-between-weldingsthumb-rule.html
79.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/05/pdms-commands-mostly-structural.html
80.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/10/pipeline-pigs-pigging-pipers-needto.html
81.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/11/compressed-air-piping-introduction.html
82.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/11/what-is-butterfly-valve-how-whyare.html
83.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/11/fluid-catalytic-crackinghydrocarbon.html
84.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/12/solidworks-piping-training-manual.html
85.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/12/catia-p-v5-guide.html
86.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2011/12/asme-b313-guide-book-download.html
87.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/01/design-manualpump-piping.html
88.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/02/minimum-lengths-of-straight-pipefor.html
89.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/02/pipe-branch-reinforcement-pad.html
90.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/02/presentation-on-offshore-platform.html
91.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/02/customizing-autocadplant-3disometrics.html
92.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/02/introduction-to-pipe-stressanalysis.html
93.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/03/piping-general-arrangement-3dview.html
94.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/03/preferred-piping-arrangments.html
95.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/03/oil-gas-production-handbookdownload.html
96.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/03/steam-system-piping-guidelines.html
97.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/03/piping-general-arrangement-tips.html
98.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/05/thumb-rules-for-pipingprocessengineers.html
99.http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/06/typical-process-vent-hydro-testvent.html
100.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/06/types-of-check-valves-anddescription.html
101.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/08/piping-industryabbreviations.html
102.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/11/pdms-tricks-video-how-to-splitpipes-in.html
103.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/11/pdms-how-to-route-pipe-on-topof-steel.html
104.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2012/11/piping-joints-handbookdownload.html
105.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/02/glossary-offshore-engineeringterms.html

106.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/02/valve-handbook-download.html
107.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/02/steam-trap-in-piping.html
108.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/02/technical-report-on-valveand.html
109.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/02/most-demanding-books-onpiping-design.html
110.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/04/choke-valvegeneral-info.html
111.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/05/when-long-bolt-flanges-exposedto-fire.html
112.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/05/maximum-pipe-spanrecommended-for.html
113.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/06/the-differential-pressureflow.html
114.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/08/pid-drawing-and-symbols.html
115.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/09/isometric-symbols-for-pipesupports.html
116.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/11/hydrocarbon-processingsrefining.html
117.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/11/basic-pipe-stress-analysis-pdfdownload.html
118.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2013/11/fail-open-fail-closed-controlstation.html
119.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/01/sequence-of-tightening-flangebolts.html
120.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/01/torque-required-to-produce-boltstress.html
121.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/01/pipe-flanges-dos-and-donts.html
122.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/02/what-is-shut-off-pressure-inpump.html
123.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/04/piping-cold-insulationthickness.html
124.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/04/piping-hot-insulation-thicknesscalcium.html
125.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/05/plot-plan-development.html
126.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/07/an-easier-way-to-do-plantdesign.html
127.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/09/equipment-nozzleplacement.html
128.
http://piping-info.blogspot.in/2014/09/valve-parts-and-terminology.html
129.