The Battles of The War of Independence

US War for Independence Battle Tracker
Battle
Lexington and Concord
Date
April 18 1775
Victor
Americans
Bunker Hill
June 22 1775
British
Montreal
November 13
1775
Americans
Quebec
December 31
1775
British
Note
900 British troops sent to seize
military supplies that were being
assembled by Massachusetts Militia
at Concord. Having received
information, partly from Paul Revere,
they prepared an ambush.
British troops came under fire as they
passed through Lexington, who were
outnumbered and forced to retreat.
British advanced towards Concord
and a bigger skirmish took place on a
bridge outside Concord. British
suffered heavy losses and the mission
had failed.
10,000 Massachusetts militiamen
advanced on Boston and declared the
city under siege. General Gage
ordered an attack on American forces.
Americans began to fortify Bunker
Hill. Hearing of this, Gage ordered an
assault on Bunker Hill and the closeby Breeds Hill. After two failed
assaults, British finally drove
Americans off of the hill, but took
heavy casualties of over 1000 men.
This convinced the British
government that this would be a long
war.
Congress wanted to invade Canada
and spark a popular rebellion. An
American force under General
Montgomery marched from Fort
Ticonderoga and took Montreal with
no resistance. He then marched
towards Quebec, the capital of British
Canada.
Two American forces, 300 men under
Montgomery and 1,100 men under
General Arnold, converged on
Quebec. Arnold arrived first and
attacked Quebec, but it was heavily
fortified Arnold lacked cannon.
Montgomery arrived in early
December with men and supplies. On
31 December, a snowstorm ruined
their plans of an assault
Montgomery killed and Arnold
wounded. The British counterattack
resulted in the capture of nearly half
of the Americans. Arnold fell back but
New York City
July 3 1776
Long Island
August 27 1776
British
White Plains
October 28 1776
British
Trenton
December 26
1776
Americans
Princeton
Fort Ticonderoga
January 3 1777
July 5-6 1777
Americans
British
did not evacuate the area. In early

1776, General Burgoyne and his
substantial British force made the
Americans withdraw to Fort
Ticonderoga.
British abandoned Boston in March
1776 and focused on New York.
General Howe landed on Staten
Island to prepare to take New York
City.
Over 20,000 British and Hessian
troops fought 10,000 American troops
under Israel Putnam. Over 300
American casualties and another
1,400 captured or missing. Total
British losses under 400. Howe
landed in Manhattan on September
15. Washington ordered a retreat, but
it was a missed opportunity for Howe
to destroy the Continental Army.
Howes attack drove Continental Army
from White Plains with 230 losses.
Howe did not pursue. He, again,
missed the opportunity to completely
destroy the Continental Army.
In December, Howe ordered his men
to cease fighting for the winter.
Washington unexpectedly attacked on
December 26, taking the enemy by
surprise. They killed roughly 100
Hessians and captured nearly 900,
with few losses themselves. They
then retreated.
Washington sought to follow up
victory at Trenton with another. He
skilfully evaded British General
Cornwallis and headed towards
Princeton. They encountered a
smaller British force and inflicted 500
more casualties.
Washington had managed to drive
British from much of southern New
Jersey. In the coming months, 8,000
new recruits joined the Continental
Army.
10,000 British regulars under General
Burgoyne headed south from Canada
along Lake Champlain.
The British set up artillery on the
heights of Sugar Loaf. General St.
Clair, American, ordered an
evacuation, as the British could use
cannons to devastating effect.

Burgoyne met with no resistance at
Ticonderoga.
Fort Stanwix
August 4-23 1777
Americans
British forces 2,000 men, about half

Iroquois Indians, under St. Leger
surrounded Fort Stanwix and
ambushed and destroyed a column of
800 local militia.
Defenders of Stanwix would not
surrender and the Iroquois, getting
annoyed, began to desert.
Brandywine
September 11
1777
British
American General Arnold sent agents

into Mohawk Valley to spread rumour
of a very large force, which he did not
have. Ultimately, St. Leger believed
the rumour and headed back to
Canada.
Howe wanted to focus on capturing
Philadelphia. An armada of more than
250 ships carried him and 17,000
regulars through the Chesapeake
Bay, landing less than 50 miles from
Philadelphia. Due to the landing area,
unloading took longer than expected.
Washington set up a line of defences
at Chadds Ford, with his army of
about 11,000 men. Howe divided his
forces, sending 5,000 towards
Washington and the rest toward the
right flank of the Continental Army.
Fog caused Howes movements to be
hidden and within hours, Washington
forced to retreat. Considerable losses
1,000 killed or wounded, 400
captured. British sustained nearly 600
casualties.
Saratoga
September 19
1777, October 7
1777
Americans
Continental Army fled Philadelphia for

York, Pennsylvania and on 26
September British marched into
Philadelphia unopposed.
After Ticonderoga, Burgoyne sent
nearly 1,000 Hessian mercenaries to
Bennington, but they encountered a
large force of local militia and were
forced to surrender. Then, the siege of
Fort Stanwix was abandoned. Also,
Howe had moved troops away from
New York. Burgoyne pressed
onwards. September 13 he crossed

Hudson River, where American
General Gates was waiting with
nearly 10,000 men, against
Burgoynes 7,000.
Battle of Freemans Farm Arnold
able to hold off British attack.
Burgoyne dug in and waited for help,
which did not come, so he ordered
another attack.
Battle of Bemis Heights British
assault repelled and followed up by
American counter-attack.
Burgoyne retreated to Saratoga but
realised that the situation was
hopeless. He opened negotiations
with Gates and on October 17, he and
his army laid down arms.
Monmouth
June 28 1778
Americans
Turning point of war convinced

French monarchy to join the war,
becoming first foreign country to
recognise the United States of
America.
Winter shortages for Washington.
General Clinton, British, taken over
from General Howe. Marched troops
from Philadelphia from fear of French
attack. Washington attacked during
march. They clashed near Monmouth.
Repelled two British counterattacks,
inconclusive battle. 1,200 British
losses, less than 500 American
losses.
Largest single battle of the war. Last
major battle in northern America.

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US War for Independence Battle Tracker

New York City

July 5-6 1777

did not evacuate the area. In early

cannons to devastating effect.

August 4-23 1777

British forces 2,000 men, about half

American General Arnold sent agents

Continental Army fled Philadelphia for

onwards. September 13 he crossed

Turning point of war convinced

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