Robots and Aliens

Political
Form of government
During Macapagals term, the Philippines has a Republican form of
government. In cohesion to this, he promised an end to corruption and to improve
lives of Filipinos particularly to those in the Agriculture sector.
Branches of Government
Executive- Macapagals term as president, together with his Vice President,
Emmanuel Pelaez, lasted from December 30, 1961 up to December 30, 1965.
However, the cabinet members that headed the different departments vary in their terms
Legislative- Macapagal earned a seat at the House of Representatives after his

landslide victory. He served as the representative in the 2 nd and 3rd Congress.
Judiciary- Cezar Bengzon served as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during
Macapagals term.
Economic
During his term, Macapagal formulated the Five Year Socio Economic
Integrated Program that guided and gave way for the implication of laws that would
help to boost the countrys economy.
The following laws mentioned are as follows:
1) Republic Act NO. 3844- It provided for the purchase of private farmlands and
distribution of lots to landless tenants on easy terms of payment.
2) Republic Act No. 3512 An Act Creating A Fisheries Commission Defining Its Powers,
Duties and Functions, and Appropriating Funds.
3)- Republic Act No. 4180 An Act Amending Republic Act Numbered Six Hundred Two,
Otherwise Known As The Minimum Wage Law, By Raising The Minimum Wage For Certain
Workers, And For Other Purposes.
4)-Republic Act No. 4180 An Act Amending Republic Act Numbered Six Hundred
Two, Otherwise Known As The Minimum Wage Law, By Raising The Minimum
Wage For Certain Workers, And For Other Purposes.
-Exchange controls were lifted and the Philippine peso was allowed to float on
the free currency exchange market.The peso devalued from P2.64 to the U.S. dollar,
and stabilized at P3.80 to the dollar, supported by a $300 million stabilization fund
from the International Monetary Fund. (Decontrol policy)
Sociocultural
Religion
-From April 27 to May 2, 1965, the Church celebrated the 400 th anniversary of
the Christianization of the Philippines. President Diosdado Macapagal attended the
commemoration.
(Dialnet-ChurchRealitiesInThePhilippines19001965-233617.pdf)
-On October 11, 1962, the Second Vatican Council opened.
(Dialnet-ChurchRealitiesInThePhilippines19001965-233617.pdf)
Education
-Basic to the efforts toward economic expansion and the growth of social
benefits to the common man is the proper education of the citizenry. It was toward
this objective that the Department of Education formulated policies and implemented measures to improve the quality of instruction and to strengthen the
curricula in all levels of instruction. Thus, during the past year, 13,000 new classes
were opened by the Department of Education on the elementary level as compared
to 10,300 new classes opened during 1961.
Second State of the Nation Address, January 28, 1963
-President Macapagal was also responsible for the changing of date of the Philippine
Independence Day. He issued an executive order shifting our Independence Day
from July 4 to June 12 which was the day that independence was proclaimed in
Kawit, Cavite. July 4 was then declared as Philippine-American Friendship Day.
Role of Women
Rights of Women and Children
Article 14 Section 1 - Those whose mothers are citizens of the Philippines
and, upon reaching the age of majority, elect Philippine citizenship.
(http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1935-constitution/)
Arts and Architecture
-President Macapagal sponsored notable projects like the construction of
North and South Expressway, housing for soldiers and government employees,
beautification of Rizal Park, and the establishment of the Philippine Veterans Bank.
Science and Technology
Foreign Affairs
-During his time, the Philippines had been cultivating closer relations with
Asian countries. President Macapagal proposed a conference among the leaders of
Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaya. The conference held in Manila resulted to a 16point agreement known as the Manila Accord. On August 6, 1963 the three national
leaders issued the Manila Declaration which laid down the principles that would
direct their countries known as MAPHILINDO (Malaya, Philippines, and Indonesia).
-In preparation for the creation of Malaysia in 1963, President Macapagal
refused to recognize the establishment of Malaysia to force the latter to recognize
the countrys territorial claim to Sabah. A United Nations mission sent to Borneo
conducted a poll regarding the Sabah territorial claim issue. Malaysia won the poll
so the Federation of Malaysia was established. On September 16,1963, the
Philippines severed diplomatic ties with Malaysia.
-Negotiations with the United States over base rights led to anti-American
sentiments.

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Political

Legislative- Macapagal earned a seat at the House of Representatives after his

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