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When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

NDT - Special Applications

AIB-Vinotte Group

TIME OF FLIGHT DIFFRACTION


Inspections
Ben Verhagen

november, 2003
B. Verhagen (07/2003)

1 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

AIB-Vinotte Group
AIB-Vinotte is active internationally, and
offers a wide range of services aimed at
improving safety, quality and the environment.
It has the very latest measuring equipment,
some of which was designed by its own R&D
department.

European organisations. For the industry, this


makes us the ideal partner for interpretation
and implementation of European directives.
Thanks to a large number of cooperation and
representation agreements throughout the
industrialised world, your project can be
monitored from start to finish.

Although the AIB-Vinotte Group is a futureoriented company in every respect, it can also
boast about a rich past. Vinotte was founded
in 1872, and AIB in 1890. From the outset,
both companies worked to improve safety.
AVI have developed a wide range of activities
and services, aimed at meeting the fastchanging technological and commercial
requirements of businesses. Through its knowhow, AIB-Vinotte has established an
international reputation, which has now spread
all over the world. Over 1 500 employees
contribute every day to the activities of this
European-scale firm. Three hundred engineers
and 800 technicians place their competence in
the field of safety and quality at the disposal
of businesses. Over 38 000 companies
regularly call on their technical support,
consultancy or expertise.
AIB-Vincotte has positioned itself from the
outset as the Belgian representative in various
B. Verhagen (07/2003)

2 of 12

the AIB-Vinotte Group offer services in


the field of :
Buildings and construction
Machines and CE-marking
Non-destructive testing
Certification
Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

The AIB-Vinotte NDT Department performs


most kind of examinations available.
In addition, has proven through the years the
experience and reliability of all the different
examinations.

Environment
Transport
Food

Some of the surface examinations available


at AVI
Dye Penetrant Inspection (DPI)
Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI)
Tele-visual inspections
Eddy current testing on heat exchanger coils

AV is a member of
IQNet = International Quality Network
EPERC = European Pressure Equipment
Research Council
ENIQ = European Network for Inspection
Qualification
ISA = International Supplier Auditing bv

Some of the volumetric examination available


at AVI;
X-ray and gamma ray examination
Digital X-ray and gamma ray examination
Manual Ultrasound examination
Fully and Semi- automated Ultrasound
examination
Time Of Flight Diffraction (TOFD)
Ultrasound testing using Phased Array

AIB-Vinotte NDT Department

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

3 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

Example of a Pre Service inspection of a sphere with


TOFD

Ultrasonic testing PIMMS


Eddy current testing
Some of the special examinations available
at AVI;
Ferrite measurements
Helium-aided tightness test
Incotest
Material analysis (PMI)
Metallurgy lab
Non destructive testing on pipelines
PCM (Pipe current mapper)
Performance measurement and energy
management
Rotating machines
Thermography
Vacuum testing
Vibration analysis

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

4 of 12

AVI integrates multiple fields of Activities:


AVI does Research and Development on
different fields and applications:
Implementation of new techniques and Codes.
AVI designs and manufactures Ultrasonic
probes for example the TRL Phased Array
probes: Transmitter Receiver Longitudinal
probes.
Robotic: development and fabrication of
scanning mechanism.
UT procedures: developments of methods
based on
International norms and codes.
AVI uses up to date specific hardware and
software and where deemed necessary
software will be written in house.
Training Standard Courses: Level 1 & 2 in PT,
MT, RT, UT Certification: SNT-TC-1a (ASNT)
or NBN EN473 (BANT).
A Characterisation lab is available with an
accredited Quality System
Definition and development of dedicated NDT
methods all expertise works requiring qualified
personnel in conventional and specialised NDT
Methods ASNT/EN473 L I- II - III VT, PT,
MT, RT, UT ,ET, AUT, TOFD, PMI,
INCOTEST, Vibration analysis, Leak testing.
Risk Based Inspection.
Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

Qualifications and Accreditations:


EN 45 001
EN 45 004
EN 45 012 / ISO 14 000
Certification Quality Systems ISO 9000 / QS
900
ISO 9001
Certification Safety Systems VCA**.
ASME BPV Code Section VIII div.1 edition
2001 U-Stamp Code Case 2235-3
Qualifications
Fully qualified conform the ASME XI and
ASME III qualifications (Nuclear applications).
Why advanced Ultrasonic techniques
Because no ionising radiation is used, the
inspection does not interfere with the
production or construction process. Advanced
UT can therefore in general be executed
during day shift with other employees in the
neighbourhood.
There is no need for transportation of
construction parts or pipe spools to an X-Ray
bunker; the associated logistic problems and
cost do not exist.
Thickness variations do not greatly affect the
inspection speed. Also very thick materials can
be examined in the same fast and efficient
manner.
B. Verhagen (07/2003)

5 of 12

The Automated UT data is very accurate and is


presented in an easily understood format. All
data is stored for future reference, such that
any evolution during a in service period can be
followed.
Improved inspection sensitivity and improved
inspection accuracy is achieved.
Proof of coverage by means of encoded
positioning.
The pre-service inspection approach is fully
based on procedures developed by AIBVinotte International conform the ISO 9001
quality system.
The pre-service inspection approach is based
on applicable specifications.
Because the high reliability the chance of an
unexpected shut-down or failure is reduced to
a minimum.
What is Time Of Flight Diffraction?
The TOFD technique is an effective fully
computerised inspection method for the
detection and sizing of flaws with accuracy
never achieved before. With the TOFD
technique which applies diffraction signals
instead of reflection signals type, location,
geometry or orientation of the anomalies is in
most cases irrelevant for detection and sizing.
In the TOFD technique a transmitter and a
receiver are placed on equal distances of the
weld focused at the same location in the weld.
Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

The scanner with the probes is moved in most


cases swiftly parallel with the weld.
A transmitter sends compression waves into
the material with a great beam spread in the
through wall direction.
A compression wave will propagate from the
sender towards the receiver. The first signal
to arrive is the wave near the surface
travelling towards the receiver; this wave is
called a lateral wave (1). Because of the
beamspread the wave will also bounce back
from the backwall (4), the differences in time
give an accurate wall thickness reading and will
be used for time base calibrations.
When the beam encounters an anomaly,
diffraction signals will occur on the edges of
the indication.
A upper tip diffraction (or reflection of
indications with a volume) will mark the top of
an indication (2). A lower tip diffraction of an
opposite phase will occur from the bottom of
the indication (3).
Flaw size, position, location, and/or shape are
relatively irrelevant for the TOFD technique.
The diffracted signals will be send to the
receiver, the differences in timepath will give
a very accurate measurement of the through
wall height of the anomaly.

PCS

1 Lateral wave
2 Upper tip diffraction
3 Lower tip diffraction
4 Back wall refraction
5 Mode converted signals

Schematic view of a TOFD set up

A shear wave is also send into the material and


becomes a compression wave (or vice versa)
these signals are called mode converted signals
(5). The mode-converted signals can give
additional information of the detected
indications and also make it possible in some
cases to detect anomalies next to the weld.
1

+
RF
-

Time in seconds

Typical TOFD A-Scan

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

6 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

By using an encoder and data recording system,


multiple A-scans can be recorded in the
parallel direction. The A-scans will be
manipulated by the software of the data
acquisition system and converted to a
greyscale, whereby the positive phases will be
visualised as white and the negative phases as
black.
Analysing will be done with software by using
simple geometry calculations. On not
straightforward geometries sophisticated
software can be used for analysing and
calculating the location of indications.

Schematic example of TOFD set up

Example of a TOFD scan

Applications

History
The TOFD technique is now in use for over 30
years and has been well proven. In the
seventies, the Time Of Flight Technique was
B. Verhagen (07/2003)

used for through wall sizing of in service


indications mainly on nuclear applications. In
the eighties TOFD was used as a tool for
detection and sizing in the nuclear and
conventional in service inspections, and by the
end of the eighties TOFD was recognised in
many cases in Europe as a Pre-Service
inspection tool. In the nineties the ASME rules
followed to allow TOFD as a primary inspection
tool to perform TOFD inspections on newly
built vessels and reactors ,first for wall
thickness over 4 and towards the end of the
nineties the Code has reduced the minimum
wall thickness from 4 (100 mm) to
(12,5mm). In addition, the Euro Norm EN 5836 describes TOFD as a method now in the 21th
century.

7 of 12

TOFD can be applied on all low or non-alloyed


materials.
Moreover, TOFD can be used on most
geometries and weld configurations.
Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

A reliable inspection can be performed


starting from wall thickness of 6mm and a
diameter from 80 mm. Inspections have been
done in many situations for example on
operating temperatures over 400C, under
water (Subsea pipelines) and on wall thickness
over 400 mm.
Welds can be inspected when they are partly
welded.
One of the major applications is on heavy wall
thickness to verify the absence of cracks and
lack of fusion not detectable with radiography.
Because the data is highly reproducible and
recorded on permanent data storage, TOFD is
an ideal tool for in service inspections and RBI
programs, the final data from PSI can be
compared with the new ISI data.
A great advantage is that the data is digital
and can be mailed or replicated on CD rom and
send around the world for a second opinion on
an offline data interpretation PC.
The improved accuracy and reliability of the
data can be used for fracture mechanics and
fitness for purpose calculations.
TOFD can be used as a primary tool for
detecting Hydrogen damages (HHA, HIC,
SOHIC etc), Corrosion (Root, Base materials
etc), cracking (micro and macro).

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

8 of 12

Thickness range
8 mm < dd 15 mm
15 mm < dd 40 mm
40 mm < dd 60 mm
60 mm < dd 100
mm
Dd > 100 mm

maximum allowable length (lmax)


if the heigth of a embedded
defect does not exceed h2 or
the heigth of a surface
breaking defect does not
exceed h3.
lmax
h3
h2
dd
2 mm
3 mm
dd
2 mm
4 mm
40 mm
3 mm
5 mm
50 mm
3 mm
5 mm
60 mm

4 mm

6 mm

maximum
allowable
heigth (h1)
when the
length
exceeds lmax
h1
1 mm
1 mm
2 mm
2 mm
3 mm

Example of acceptance criteria (TO 50 rev. 1)

Approach to the Code Case 2235-3


Introduction out of the technical basis for
ASME BPV Code Section VIII div.1 edition
2001 Code ;
In 1996, Code Case 2235 was approved by the
ASME B&PV Code Committee which allows
ultrasonic examination of welds in lieu of
radiography for ASME Section VIII Division 1
and Division 2
(2000 PVP Conference, 11/09/1999)
The approach is performing an semiautomated inspection with a combination of
Time Of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) and Pulse
Echo (PE) using the Phased Array technology
AVI has developed and validated procedures
conform the CC2235-3 on Carbon Seel TOFD is
Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

an ideal tool for accurate sizing and detection


in weld volumes
TOFD is a fast and reliable inspection tool
Phased Array technology allows the use of
multiple UT techniques with the same probe
set on single line scan. The PE channels give an
extra confirmation on indications detected
with the TOFD channels
PE makes it possible to increase coverage of
the inspected volume width.
The PE channels make lateral positioning
possible
Amplitude comparative solutions are possible
where necessary
Inspection up to 4 (100 mm) in one single line
scan

Why TOFD inspections


The use of Automated UT results in the
following advantages for both manufacturer
and end user:
As no ionising radiation is used, a saving can be
achieved in construction time!

Example of the AVI Phased Array / TOFD equipment

The inspection does not interfere in most


cases with the construction program.
During the prefabrication stage, the
sometimes very large parts can be inspected at
the welding location without the need for
moving them to an X-Ray bunker.
During the site construction, welding can take
place around the clock because there is no
necessity to evacuate large areas for the
inspection.
The versatility of the technique allows to
decrease drastically the probability of missing

Example of a TOFD/PE scan

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

9 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

a significant defect, the cost of missing a


defect can be lead to an unplanned shutdown
Because accurate sizing and locating is
possible, there will no lead to unnecessary
repairs
All data is digitally stored for future
reference
Because of the reproducibility of the data and
ability to size very accurate (in most cases
better than 0,5mm), TOFD is an ideal tool for
monitoring inspections.
Relatively fast, because a single line scan is
applied in most cases.
Example of latest TOFD equipment used by AIB-Vinotte

Why AIB-Vinotte?
The Division NDT from AIB-Vinotte
International puts more than 100 engineers
and technicians available to your services. They
are all specialised in various disciplines from
the non destructive testing, certified
according to European and international
regulations.
AIB-Vinotte International has a wide range of
modern material available which performances
are regularly verified in laboratories.
Many national and international references give
evidence of the competence and the renown of
AVI in the world of non destructive testing.
AIB-Vinotte is ready and qualified for most,
if not all possible Time Of Flight Diffraction
inspections.
B. Verhagen (07/2003)

10 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

References
BS 7706

TC 121

Guide to Calibration and setting up


of the ultrasonic Time of Flight
(TOFD) Technique for the
detection, location and sizing of
flaws 1993
Draft Euro Norm

BS 4515

TOFD as a method for defect


detection and sizing

ASME BPV Code Section


VIII div.1 & 2 edition
2001

Code case 2235-6 Use of


Ultrasonic examination in lieu of
radiography, Section VIII, div 1 & 2

NBN ENV 583-6

European standard, TOFD as a


method for defect detection and
sizing

CEN/TC54/WGE/N51

European Unfired Pressure Vessel


Directive

TO 50 rev. 1 (WGAC
9613 rev 10)

Draft acceptance criteria for


TOFD (PMP/KINT project)

Technical
basis
for
ASME SECTION VIII
Code Case 2235 on
ultrasonic examination of
welds
in
lieu
of
radiography

2000 PVP Conference,11/9/99


by;
Mahendra Rana, Owen Hedden,
Dave Cowfer, Roger Boyce

Time
Of
Flight
Diffraction
BANT Newsletter
Procedure NDT AV 792

June 2000, By Ben Verhagen

NEN 3650-2
API 579 (FFS)
API 580 (RBI)
AS4307-1999

BS 4525
ASME V
ASME VIII pt 1&2
API 5L
ASTM E-273
Engineering applications
of ultrasonic TOFD 2nd
edition.
ASTM E-1961
ASME XI
API RP2X
CSA Z-245
API 620
ASTM E07.06

Australian Standard "Pressure


Equipment - Examination and
Testing
CIT in art. 4
vanaf 1/2 (12,7mm)

(TCPL pipeline application)


(Accurate Sizing)
Offshore Recommended Practice

Draft standard Practice for use of


the Time of flight diffraction.

The general procedure for TOFD


examinations

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

11 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

When inspection becomes service

Time Of Flight Diffraction


The AIB-Vinotte Approach

Contact us:
AIB-Vincotte International
Advanced UT- NDT department
Koningslaan 157
1190 Vorst (Brussel)
Belgium
Phone; +32 2 536 84 31
Fax; +32 2 536 84 42
[email protected]

AIB-Vincotte Nederland
Special NDT department
Heusing 2
4802 HW Breda
Netherlands
Phone; +31 (0)76 571 22 88
Fax; +31 (0)76 587 47 60
[email protected]
[email protected]

http:\\www.aib-vincotte.com

B. Verhagen (07/2003)

12 of 12

Time Of Flight Diffraction.doc

AV- International N.V., Quality Management System and NDT activities are covered by an accreditation certificate delivered by Beltest, according to the European
standard EN-45001 and 45004 (type A), and NBN EN ISO 9002.

AIB-Vinotte Group - Offices : Breda, Botlek, IJmuiden (NL)- Antwerp - Brugge Vorst (Brussels) - Ouderghem (Brussels) - Charleroi - Gent Hasselt - Kortrijk - Lige - Namur (Belgium) - Abu Dhabi (UAE) -Dubai (UAE) - Doha (Qatar) Muscat (Oman) - Chalon-sur-Sane (France)
Houston, Florida, Michigan (USA) - Iseo (Italy) - Luxembourg (LU) - Geneve (Suise) - Karachi (Pakistan) - Budapest (Hungary) - Marokko - Tunesie Algeria

Phased Array industrial advanced UT Procedures for carbon, stainless


and other alloyed steels
Introduction
The Phased Array Technology has been implemented for a few years now in the semi- and fully automated
UT inspections, for Pre and In Service Inspections (PSI and ISI) on all kind of carbon steels for
assessment on different degrading mechanisms. The Phased Array Technology has proven his value for
inspection applications.
Principles of the UT phased-array technique
The Phased Array concept is based on the use of ultrasound probes made up of a number of individual
elements that can each function separately as transmitter and receiver. Rapid electronics and advanced
software are incorporated into the acquisition system, so that one can generate several virtual probes
starting from one physical multi elements probe. The parameters of those electronic created probes, like
refracted angle in compression or shear wave modes, aperture and focussing properties can be easily set to
satisfy the requirements of specific and complex ultrasound investigations.
Ultrasonic testing of thick steel components in lieu of radiography.
All steel components were examined for decennia with the use of radiographic methods by codes
requirement because no reliable alternatives where available. There was also no need for an alternative
when time and place were not as restricted as now. Over the years the advanced ultrasonic inspection
techniques such as line scans, raster scans and TOFD became widely accepted for the In Service
Inspections. In the Netherlands the TOFD technique became even accepted for Pre Service Inspections
with its own acceptance criteria. For the rest of the world there was a breakthrough with the acceptance
of the ASME Code Case 2235 Use of Ultrasonic examination in lieu Radiography first on heavy wall
structures from 4 (100mm) and later the wall thickness is brought back to (12,5 mm). The approach
from the ASME has as main difference to TO50 rev1 (the Dutch acceptance criteria) that no technique,
inspector nor procedure is accepted before its proven to work on a realistic sample. To full fill all the rules
in the code it is generally necessary to use multiple line scans and multiple techniques to detect the
smallest required defect and to cover the volume to examine (weld volume + 1 or t.) All the different line
scans and techniques can be covered now in one line scan with the phased array technology which acquires
multiple TOFD scans and multiple pulse echo angles and techniques in one line scan on carbon steel.
The story on Austenitic and other alloyed steels is somewhat different. Years it was widely believed that
an inspection on stainless steels was only possible with radiography. With the development of new UT
probes with composite crystals and focused angle beams it became possible to perform an reliable
inspection, however an inspection with all the required probes is time consuming and expensive. The
knowledge and possibilities of a manual or automated ultrasonic examination is already for years available
at AVI and have been applied in nuclear power stations where the inspections take place conform ASME XI
and ASME III. The technology was also available for other industries and pre service inspections, however
these applications are very time consuming and not economic attractive.
Several realistic validation blocks in different materials and thicknesses have been investigated according
to the code requirements, using the phased array technology. The detection and sizing in the volume to be
inspected were successfully demonstrated. The qualification process for the UT examination procedures
using the phased array technology was conducted according to various codes (ASME Section I, para. PW-11;
Section VIII, Division 1, para. UW-11(a); and Section VIII, Division 2, Table AF-241.1, Cases 2235- 3 and 4,
ASME XI, ASME III BS PD 5500 and AD Merkblatt 2002, HP5/3), on different materials ( Carbon steels,

low-alloyed steels, Austenitic steels, casted Austenitic steels and 9Ni steel welded with a nickel based alloy
filler) and were assessed by different international Qualification and Notified Bodies.
The PA technology allows the detection, in one single translation parallel to the weld, of reflectors situated
in the entire volume and with the sensitivity required by the code.
The smallest imposed reference reflectors can be detected with a good signal to noise ratio.
AIB-Vinotte International has build a major experience on all kind of inspections and inspection
techniques and is now probably the market leader on the knowledge of Phased Array. AVI performs
momentarily inspections at most of the important constructors of vessels and reactors on alloyed and nonor low alloyed steels and is successfully qualified conform most codes.
Additional information: [email protected]
[email protected]

Industrial applications of automated UT : AIB-Vincotte reference list


Client

Place

Start Date

Semi-automated UT

Type of intervention
PWR flexures

Component(s)

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

09/1983

Semi-automated UT

PWR flexures

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

02/1984

Semi-automated UT

PWR flexures

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

03/1984

Automated UT

Inconel welds of PWR safety injection nozzles

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

12/1985

Automated UT

Inconel welds of PWR safety injection nozzles

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

05/1986

Automated UT

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant pump

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

02/1989

Automated UT

Bimetallic weld

EdF

France, Chalon

02/1991

Automated UT

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant pump

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

09/1991

Automated UT

Inconel welds of PWR safety injection nozzles

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

06/1992

Automated UT

Inconel welds of PWR safety injection nozzles

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

09/1992

Automated UT

Carbon steel nozzle-to-vessel weld of PWR pressuriser

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

09/1993

Automated UT

Austenitic steel weld of main coolant pump outlet nozzle

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

07/1994

Automated UT

Austenitic steel welds of PWR auxiliary piping

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

02/1995

DAIP

Morocco

03/1995

EdF

France, Paris

05/1995

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Pipeline girth welds (GMAW, 48", t = 14 / 17 mm)

Automated UT

Cast austenitic steel elbows of PWR primary piping

Automated UT

Inconel welds of PWR safety injection nozzles

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

10/1995

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium, Brussels

12/1995

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

02/1996

Jeumont Ind.

France, Blnod

03/1996
04/1996

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 16", t = 8 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium, Boom

Semi-automated TOFD

Circular welds of PWR steam generator

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

05/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

05/1996

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Jeumont

06/1996

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Jeumont

07/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

07/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Austenitic steel piping base material

FINA Oleo Chem.

Belgium, Ertvelde

09/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

09/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Circular welds of PWR steam generator

Tractebel

France, Chalon

10/1996

Semi-automated TOFD

Bimetallic weld of PWR pressuriser

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

12/1996

Automated UT& ET

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant pump

Vattenfall AB

Sweden, Ringhals

09/1997

Automated UT

Carbon steel nozzle-to-vessel weld of PWR pressuriser

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

09/1997

Semi-automated TOFD

Longitudinal and circular welds in aluminum components

AMOS

Belgium, Liege

10/1997

Semi-automated TOFD

Circular carbon steel welds of ball valves

Distrigas

Belgium, Zelzate

10/1997

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Blnod

12/1997

Automated UT

Heavy wall carbon steel forging of cement oven

CBR

Belgium, Harmignies

01/1998

Semi-automated TOFD

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium

02/1998

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 40", t = 14.5 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium

02/1998

Semi-automated TOFD

Circular welds CS piping

Kemira

France, Lille

03/1998

Semi-automated TOFD

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium

03/1998

1 of 5

AIB-Vinotte International NDT

9/12/2003

Industrial applications of automated UT : AIB-Vincotte reference list


Type of intervention

Component(s)

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Semi-automated TOFD

Circular welds CS piping

Automated UT& ET

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant pump

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

Semi-automated TOFD

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Semi-automated TOFD

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Semi-automated TOFD

Expertise on rolling cylinders

Semi-automated TOFD

Austenitic steel piping base material

Semi-automated TOFD

Client

Place

Start Date

Jeumont Ind.

France, Porcheville

04/1998

Kemira

Belgium, Tertre

04/1998

Vattenfall AB

Sweden, Ringhals

05/1998

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

06/1998

Distrigas

Belgium

06/1998

Distrigas

Belgium

07/1998

Hoogovens

Belgium, Duffel

07/1998

FINA Oleo Chem.

Belgium, Ertvelde

08/1998

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 36", t = 12 mm)

Distrigas

Belgium

08/1998

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Pipeline girth welds (SMAW, 56", t = 19 & 23 mm)

Megagaz

Poland, Mogilno

09/1998

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel base material of spherical reactors

ESSO

Belgium, Antwerp

10/1998

Semi-automated TOFD

Pipeline girth welds (GMAW, 40", t = 15 mm)

Denys

Belgium

12/1998

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

Belgium, Langerlo

04/1999

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Vaires s/Marne

05/1999

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Le Havre

05/1999

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Jeumont

06/1999

Semi-automated TOFD

Reactor vessel head-to-flange weld (Tihange 1)

Tractebel

France, Chalon

06/1999

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of alternator retaining rings

Jeumont Ind.

France, Martigues

06/1999
07/1999

Automated UT& ET

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant pump

Vattenfall AB

Sweden, Ringhals

Automated UT

Thermal barrier Doel 2 (Cast stainless steel)

Jeumont Ind.

Maubeuge, France

08/1999

Automated UT

Austenitic steel welds of PWR main coolant piping

KKB

Switzerland, Beznau

09/1999

Automated UT

Retaining rings : ex - pont sur chambre3

Jeumont Ind.

France, Maubeuge

10/1999

Semi-automated TOFD

Stainless steel 30" pipe

Ineos

Belgium, Kallo

10/1999

Data-analysis

Specimen A & B (Austenitic steel mock up welds)

Netlab

Belgium, Brussels

10/1999
11/1999

Semi-automated TOFD

Heavy wall carbon steel forging of cement oven

Automated UT

Test specimen "SL"

Automated UT

Retaining rings : Phenix project

CBR

Belgium, Oubourg

Electrabel

Belgium, Brussels

11/1999

Jeumont Ind.

France, Marcoul

11/1999

Semi-automated TOFD

Expertise on Longitudinal SS weld

Data-analysis

Specimen C (Austenitic steel mock up weld)

Qualification

PDI qualification (IGSCC) for KKL

Semi-automated TOFD

Liquid gas sphere

Semi-automated TOFD

PSA - adsorbers: crack detection on vessel head

Semi-automated TOFD

Crack detection on vessels RD103 and FA201

Automated UT

MCP welds of primary circuit

Electrabel

Belgium, Doel

04/2000

Semi-automated TOFD

Carbon steel piping 6" to 16"

Kemira

Belgium, Tertre

05/2000
07/2000

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

01/2000

Netlab

Belgium, Brussels

02/2000

KKL

USA, Charlotte NC

03/2000

Lyondell

Belgium, Gent

03/2000

Totalfina

Belgium, Antwerp

03/2000

Petroplus

Belgium, Antwerp

03/2000

Automated UT

BWR recirculation piping welds

KKL

Switzerland, Leibstad

Semi-automated TOFD

Druw welds 2500

Electrabel

Belgium, Kallo

08/2000

Semi-automated TOFD

PSA - adsorbers: crack detection on vessel head

Totalfina

Belgium, Antwerp

09/2000

Semi-automated TOFD

Crack detection on Breech lock exchangers

Totalfina

Belgium, Antwerp

11/2000

2 of 5

AIB-Vinotte International NDT

9/12/2003

Industrial applications of automated UT : AIB-Vincotte reference list


Type of intervention

Component(s)

Semi-automated TOFD

Propyleen sphere: crack detection

Automated UT

Cimenterie - Tyres

Client

Place

BP (ex-amoco)

Belgium, Geel

Start Date
11/2000

CBR

Belgium

12/2000
02/2001

TOFD

Cooling water piping

Lyondell/ABB

Netherlands

Automated UT

Pressuriser - Dissimilar metal weld - Surge line

EBL -Tihange 1

Belgium

03/2001

Automated UT

Primary welds 2, Pump inlet and outlet

EBL -Tihange 1

Belgium

03/2001

Semi-automated TOFD

Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds of pressure vessel 2

EBL - Awirs

Belgium

05/2001

Semi-automated TOFD

TOFD GV3 Tihange 2, Nozzle feed water weld

EBL - Tihange 2

Belgium

05/2001

Semi Auto UT

High pressure

Diamant Board

Belgium

06/2002

Semi-automated PA-TOFD

PA TOFD&PE on W723 shell2pipeplate weld

BASF

Belgium

06/2001

Semi-automated TOFD

Crack detection on Breech lock exchangers

Totalfina

Belgium, Antwerp

06/2001

Automated UT

New welds primary circuit SGR Ti2

EBL - Tihange 2

Belgium

07/2001

Semi-automated TOFD

Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds of pressure vessel 2

EBL - Kallo

Belgium

08/2001

Automated UT

14" CS weld (N17) pressuriser

EBL - Doel1

Belgium

08/2001

Jeumont

France

08/2001

KKL

Switzerland, Leibstad

08/2001

Jeumont

France

08/2001

EBL - Tihange3

Belgium

09/2001

Jeumont

France

10/2001

EBL - Kallo

Belgium

10/2001
10/2001

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 4 alternator retaining rings

Automated UT

Recirculation piping welds BWR ISI2001

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 4 alternator retaining rings

Automated UT

14" bimetallic weld of presuriser surge line

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 3 alternator retaining rings

Semi-automated TOFD

Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds of pressure vessel 1

Semi-automated TOFD

Pressure vessels

Degussa

Belgium

Semi-automated TOFD

Pressure vessels

Degussa

Belgium

10/2001

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Succesfull Qualification ASME CC 2235-3 (Coek, CS)

Lloyds

Belgium

01/2002

Automated UT

14" weld of presuriser surge line, Gravelines

Semi Auto UT

High pressure

Semi-automated TOFD

Crack detection on Breech lock exchangers

Automated UT

14" bimetallic weld of presuriser surge line - Qualification (BEZNAU)

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) PSI

Phased Array PE + TOFD

Carbon steel flange of of changer

Automated UT

14" bimetallic weld of presuriser surge line

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings (Doel3)

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 1 alternator retaining ring (Gravelines)

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Succesfull Qualification ASME CC 2235-3 (G&G, CS)

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS)

TOFD Inspection

Bridge Surface In Service Inspection

DEPEC

Oven piping crack detection

Phased Array TRL PE

Succesfull Qualification ASME CC 2235-4 (G&G, Stainless Steel )

TOFD Inspection

ISI at elevated temperatures

TOFD Inspection

Crack sizing at elevated temperatures (+/- 450C) ISI

3 of 5

AIB-Vinotte International NDT

EDF-GDL

France

02/2002

Diamant Board

Belgium

02/2002

Totalfina

Belgium, Antwerp

02/2002

NOK

SUISSE

02/2002

Coek

Belgium

03/2002

Air Liquide Feluy

Belgium

04/2002

EBL - Doel3

Belgium

04/2002

Jeumont

Belgium

04/2002
05/2002

Jeumont

France

G&G International

Belgium

05/2002

Limox

Belgium

03/2002

Holandia, RWS

Netherlands

06/2002

Electrabel

Belgium

06/2002

G&G International

Belgium

06/2002

Kemira

Belgium, Tertre

06/2002

Hydro Agri

Trinidad, West Indies

06/2002

9/12/2003

Industrial applications of automated UT : AIB-Vincotte reference list


Type of intervention

Component(s)

Automated UT

14" bimetallic weld of presuriser surge line - (BEZNAU)

Automated UT

14", 4" and 6" bimetallic weld of presuriser

Automated UT

Drilling tools - metal powder for hardfacing bonding

Phased Array TRL PE

Stainless steel 304 L (PSI)

Phased Array TRL PE

Qualifications on 9Ni steel base welded with Inconell filler (ADM HP5/3)

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 1 alternator retaining ring (Dampierre)

Automated UT

Primary welds 4, NG and dissimilar metal welds

Phased Array TRL PE

Stainless steel 304 L casts reliability study

Phased Array TRL PE

Succesfull performance demonstration on Austenetic SS (BS and Shell Dep)

Phased Array PE + TOFD

Carbon steel flange of of changer

TOFD Inspection

ISI at elevated temperatures

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) Conform CC2235-4

Automated UT

14", 4" and 6" bimetallic weld of presuriser

Phased Array TOFD / PE

1 800 meters weld 61 - 71 mm Carbon Steel Conform CC2235-3 PSI

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) Conform CC2235-3

Automated PA UT

Automated UT examination of surge line pressurizer Fessenheim1

Phased Array TRL PE

Inspection of 9Ni steel base welded with Inconell filler (ADM HP5/3)

Auto UT

GBL pressu Blayais 1

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 1 alternator retaining ring

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) PSI Conform CC2235-4

TOFD Inspection

Pipeline +/- 1 600 welds conform NEN 3650-2

TOFD Validation

Conform EN538 for Bureau Veritas (Rotterdam, Antwerp and Paris)

TOFD Inspection

Inspection of long seams conform RTOD - EN 538

TOFD Inspection

Client

Place

Start Date

NOK

SUISSE

07/2002

EBL - Doel4

Belgium

07/2002

DBS Halliburton

Belgium

07/2002

Linde AG

Belgium

08/2002

Statoil

Belgium

08/2002

Jeumont

France

08/2002

EBL - Tihange 1

Belgium

09/2002

EDF

Belgium

10/2002

Shell

Belgium

10/2002

Air Liquide Feluy

Belgium

10/2002

Kemira

Belgium, Tertre

10/2002

G&G International

Belgium

10/2002

EBL - Tihange 2

Belgium

11/2002

Foster Wheeler / Exxon

Belgium

11/2002

Air Liquide

Belgium

11/2002

EDF-GDL

France

01/2003

Linde AG

Belgium

01/2003

EDF

France

02/2003

Jeumont

France

02/2003

Coek

Belgium

02/2003

WRK

Netherlands

02/2003
03/2003

AV NL

Netherlands

Kersten

Netherlands

03/2003

Inspection of 8 vessels PSI conform RTOD - EN 538

Siemerink

Netherlands

03/2003

TOFD Inspection

Inspection of vessel, FFP (montage)

Q8 - KPE

Netherlands

03/2003

TOFD Inspection

Inspection of vessel, PSI prefab inspection conform RTOD - EN 538

Sicon

Netherlands

03/2003

TOFD Validation

Conform RTOD - EN538 for Lloyds - Stoomwezen

Q8 - Sicon

Netherlands

03/2003

TOFD PSI Inspection

PSI TOFD fingerprint of 168 Welds

Hydro Agri

Trinidad, West Indies

04/2003

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings Blayais 2

Jeumont

France

05/2003

TOFD ISI Inspection

TOFD ISI of vessel at elevated temperatures

Hydro Agri

Trinidad, West Indies

05/2003

TOFD on Complex Geometries

Inspection of Nozzles en vessel inlets

Hydro Agri

Trinidad, West Indies

05/2003

TOFD

Multiple welds

Electrabel

Belgium, Rodenhuize (Gent)

05/2003

Automated UT

Pressurizer surge linenozzle weld

Electrabel

Belgium, Tihange

05/2003

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings Cordemais 5

Jeumont

France

06/2003
06/2003

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) PSI Conform CC2235-4

SIF Roermond

Netherlands, Roermond

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Succesfull Qualification ASME CC 2235-4 (CS up to 6" )

Lloyds Nederland

Netherlands

06/2003

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Multiple Longitudinal and circumfrencial welds (thick CS) Conform CC2235-4 projects 52610 ABCDEFGH

G&G International

Belgium

07/2002

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings Chinon 1

Jeumont

France

07/2003

4 of 5

AIB-Vinotte International NDT

9/12/2003

Industrial applications of automated UT : AIB-Vincotte reference list


Type of intervention

Component(s)

Automated UT

Automated UT examination on primary circuit welds DOEL4

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings Gravelines 4

Client

Place

Electrabel

Belgium

Start Date
07/2003

Jeumont

France

08/2003

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Stainless steel weld inspection on Llyondell PO 11 project

ABB Lummus - Heijmans

Netherlands

08/2003

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Piping welds from Tangezchevroil project (Chevron - Fluor Daniel - GE NP)

Fabricom - Nuovo Pignone - PFD

Belgium

08/2003

TOFD

Piping welds from Tangezchevroil project (Chevron - Fluor Daniel - GE NP)

Fabricom - Nuovo Pignone - PFD

Belgium

08/2003

Automated UT

Automated UT examination of surge line pressurizer Beznau

NOK

Switzerland

08/2003

Semi Auto UT

Weld-o-lets inspection from Tangezchevroil project (Chevron - Fluor Daniel - GE NP)

Fabricom - Nuovo Pignone - PFD

Belgium

08/2003

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings La Maxe 1 Metz

Jeumont

France

09/2003

Stripscan TOFD / PE

Qualification conform CSW-01-N and CSW-05-E

Gasunie

Netherlands

09/2003

Phased Array TOFD / PE

Succesfull Qualification ASME CC 2235-5 on piping

Chevron

Belgium

10/2003

TOFD Inspection

Presure vessels

Degussa

Belgium

11/2003

Automated UT

14" and 2x 6" bimetallic weld of presuriser surge line

EBL - Tihange2

Belgium

11/2003

Corrosion mapping

4' lines

CORUS Ijmuiden

Netherlands

11/2003

Automated UT (TOFD, PE)

Austenitic steel base material of 2 alternator retaining rings rotor 408843

Jeumont

France

11/2003

5 of 5

AIB-Vinotte International NDT

9/12/2003

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