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    Cell Biology: Lecture 223.17: Intracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting

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    Abhishek Isaac Mathew
    The document discusses protein trafficking and intracellular transport. It describes how proteins contain targeting signals that direct their movement to different organelles. A signal peptide directs proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where membrane-bound ribosomes facilitate transport. Proteins can then be further transported to other locations like peroxisomes via their targeting signals. Multiple pathways exist for transporting transmembrane proteins like single pass, double pass, and multi-pass proteins to the ER.

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    Cell Biology: Lecture 223.17: Intracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Isaac Mathew
    36 views14 pages
    The document discusses protein trafficking and intracellular transport. It describes how proteins contain targeting signals that direct their movement to different organelles. A signal peptide directs proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where membrane-bound ribosomes facilitate transport. Proteins can then be further transported to other locations like peroxisomes via their targeting signals. Multiple pathways exist for transporting transmembrane proteins like single pass, double pass, and multi-pass proteins to the ER.

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    223.17 Intracellular Protein Sorting 2015

    Original Title

    223.17 Intracellular Protein Sorting 2015

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    The document discusses protein trafficking and intracellular transport. It describes how proteins contain targeting signals that direct their movement to different organelles. A signal peptide directs proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where membrane-bound ribosomes facilitate transport. Proteins can then be further transported to other locations like peroxisomes via their targeting signals. Multiple pathways exist for transporting transmembrane proteins like single pass, double pass, and multi-pass proteins to the ER.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views14 pages

    Cell Biology: Lecture 223.17: Intracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Isaac Mathew
    The document discusses protein trafficking and intracellular transport. It describes how proteins contain targeting signals that direct their movement to different organelles. A signal peptide directs proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where membrane-bound ribosomes facilitate transport. Proteins can then be further transported to other locations like peroxisomes via their targeting signals. Multiple pathways exist for transporting transmembrane proteins like single pass, double pass, and multi-pass proteins to the ER.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    2015-11-22

    Cell Biology
    Lecture 223.17: Intracellular Compartments and
    Protein Sorting

    sad

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking

    sad

    Protein Trafficking - Signals


    signal peptide

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking - Signal Hypothesis

    Protein Trafficking - Gated

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking - Gated

    Selective cage
    Small molecules
    diffuse freely
    Macromolecules
    actively transported

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking - Signals


    Targeting Signals in the Protein
    (1) Signal Peptide
    15-60 Aa
    Anywhere in sequence
    Bind to receptor on organelle
    Cleaved by signal peptidase
    E.g. nuclear localization signal (4-8 aa)
    -Pro-Pro-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val(Table 15-3)

    Protein Trafficking - Gated

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking - Gated

    Protein Trafficking - Gated

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking

    sad

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane


    Transmembrane Transport
    E.g.1 Cytosol to ER
    Smooth ER:
    -no ribosomes
    -lipid synthesis
    -detoxification
    Rough ER:
    -studded with ribosomes
    -involved in synthesis of proteins
    carrying an ER import signal*
    -specifically, synthesis of proteins for
    endomembrane system (other ER and
    organelles)
    and cell surface

    Protein Trafficking - Signals


    Targeting Signals in the Protein
    (1) Signal Peptide
    15-60 AAs
    Bind to receptor on organelle
    Cleaved by signal peptidase
    E.g. Import to ER (N-terminus)
    +H

    3N-Met-Met-Ser-Phe-Val-Ser-

    Leu-Leu-Leu-Val-Gly-Ile-LeuPhe-Trp-Ala-Thr-Glu-Ala-GluGln-Leu-Thr-Lys-Cys-Glu-Val-PheGln(Table 15-3)

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane

    Proteins with no ER signal remain in cytosol

    Two types of ribosomes in cytosol:


    1. Membrane-bound ribosomes (attached to ER) next slide
    2. Free ribosomes (unattached to any membrane) see above
    Polyribosome = a complex of mRNA + 2 or more ribosomes (can be
    free or bound)

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane

    When a ribosome makes a


    protein with a ER signal
    sequence (red),
    the signal
    sequence directs
    the ribosome
    to the ER
    membrane

    At the end of each


    round, the ribosome
    subunits rejoin the
    common pool

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane

    Two components guide the ER signal sequence: 1. Signal recognition particle (SRP)
    and 2. SRP receptor

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane


    Soluble protein has signal sequence

    (or protein translocator)

    Note: bound ribosome is present but not shown

    10

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane: Single Pass


    Single-pass transmembrane protein with start and stop
    transfer sequences

    Single pass-Glycophorin

    11

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane: Double Pass

    Fig 15-17 A double-pass transmembrane protein has an


    internal ER signal sequence

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane: Multi Pass

    12

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane


    Transmembrane Transport
    Once in the ER, proteins can
    be further shuttled to other
    locations
    But what if it is supposed to
    stay in the ER?
    Signal sequence for ER
    retention
    -Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu-COO-

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane: Peroxisomes

    13

    2015-11-22

    Protein Trafficking -Transmembrane: Peroxisomes

    Import signal sequence


    -Ser-Lys-Leu-COO-

    Import of proteins from


    cytosol is mediated by a 3 aa
    signal at the C-terminus of the
    protein (see above)

    Protein Trafficking

    sad

    14

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