Economics Answers Mankiw

Economics 302
Fall 2009
Answers to Quiz #4
December 2, 2009
Name __________________________________________
TA Name _______________________________________
Time of Section __________________________________
(1 point for each answer for a total of 25 points: we will reweight the quiz so that it has equivalent weight to the
other three quizzes in your grade calculation) Please fill in the blank for each of the following questions. Make sure
your answer is neatly and legibly written.
1.
2.
According to the IS-LM model, what happens in the short run to the interest rate, income,
consumption, and investment under the following circumstances? (Assume everything else is held
constant.)
a.
The central bank decreases the money supply.

i. The interest rate ________increases_______________________
ii. Income ____________decreases__________________________
iii. Consumption ___________decreases______________________
iv. Investment ___________decreases________________________
b.
The government decreases its level of expenditures.

i. The interest rate _________decreases______________________
ii. Income ___________decreases___________________________
iii. Consumption __________decreases_______________________
iv. Investment ___________increases________________________
c.
The government imposes a new lower level of taxes.

i. The interest rate _________increases______________________
ii. Income ________________increases______________________
iii. Consumption ___________increases______________________
iv. Investment ______________decreases_____________________
d.
The government increases government spending while at the same time it increases taxes by
exactly the same amount.
i. The interest rate __________increases_____________________
ii. Income _____________increases but by less than the change in government
spending and the change in taxes_________________________
iii. Consumption __________decreases_______________________
iv. Investment ______________decreases_____________________
Use the following information to answer this set of questions. An economy can be described by the
following equations:
C = 200 + 0.75(Y T)
I = 200 25r
G = 100 and is constant and exogenously determined
T = 100 and is constant and exogenously determined
The demand for real money balances = M/P = Y 100r
M = money supply = 1000
P = price level = 2
a.
Write an equation for the IS curve for this economy.

IS: Y = 200 + 0.75(Y T) + G + I
Y = 200 + 0.75Y -0.75(100) + 100 + 200 25r
Y = 500 + 0.75Y -75 25r
.25Y = 425 25r
Y = 1700 100r
b.
Write an equation for the LM curve for this economy.

Supply of real money balances = demand for real money balances
1000/2 = Y 100r
Y = 500 + 100r
c.
What is the equilibrium interest rate and the equilibrium level of output for this economy
given the above information?
500 + 100r = 1700 100r
200r = 1200
r=6
Y = 500 + 100 (6)
Y = 1100
d.
What is the equilibrium level of consumption and the equilibrium level of investment for this
economy?
C = 200 + 0.75(Y T)
C = 200 + 0.75(1100 100)
C = 200 + 0.75(1000)
C = 200 + 750
C = 950
I = 200 25r
I = 200 25(6)
I = 200 150
I = 50
e.
Suppose that the money supply is increased to 1200. What is the new equilibrium level of
interest rate and the new equilibrium level of output for this economy given this change?
What is the new equilibrium level of consumption?
The new LM curve is Y = 600 + 100r and the IS curve is Y = 1700 100r. Thus,
600 + 100r = 1700 100r
200r = 1100
r = 5.5
Y = 600 + 100(5.5)
Y = 1150
C = 200 + 0.75(Y T)
C = 200 + 0.75(1150 100)
C = 200 + 987.50
f.
Suppose that the initial information is true (no change in the money supply). If government
purchases increase to 150, what is the change in output predicted by the Keynesian Cross
diagram? What is the actual change in output based upon the IS-LM model?
The change in output predicted by the Keynesian Cross diagram is equal to (1/(1 MPC))
(change in government spending) or (1/0.25)(50) = 200.
The actual change in output based upon the IS-LM model will be less than this. To see this
you need to first write the new IS curve:
Y = C + I + G
Y = 200 +0.75(Y T) + I + G
Y = 200 + 0.75Y 0.75(100) + 200 25r + 150
0.25Y = 475 25r
Y = 1900 100r
Then, combine this IS curve with the LM curve to have
1900 100r = 500 + 100r
1400 = 200r
r=7
Thus, Y = 1900 100r
Y = 1900 100(7)
Y = 1200
The change in output is from the initial level of 1100 to the new level of 1200, or a change of
100 which is less than that predicted by the Keynesian Cross diagram.

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Economics 302

The central bank decreases the money supply.

The government decreases its level of expenditures.

The government imposes a new lower level of taxes.

Write an equation for the IS curve for this economy.

Write an equation for the LM curve for this economy.

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