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    Needle Stick Injuries

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    SAINT547
    The document discusses needlestick injuries among healthcare workers, noting that over 800,000 occur each year in the US, primarily when administering injections, drawing blood, or disposing of needles. These injuries pose risks of transmitting bloodborne pathogens like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. The document provides guidance on proper handling of sharps, immediate treatment after an exposure, and disposal of sharps.

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    Needle Stick Injuries

    Uploaded by

    SAINT547
    387 views24 pages
    The document discusses needlestick injuries among healthcare workers, noting that over 800,000 occur each year in the US, primarily when administering injections, drawing blood, or disposing of needles. These injuries pose risks of transmitting bloodborne pathogens like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. The document provides guidance on proper handling of sharps, immediate treatment after an exposure, and disposal of sharps.

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    The document discusses needlestick injuries among healthcare workers, noting that over 800,000 occur each year in the US, primarily when administering injections, drawing blood, or disposing of needles. These injuries pose risks of transmitting bloodborne pathogens like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. The document provides guidance on proper handling of sharps, immediate treatment after an exposure, and disposal of sharps.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    387 views24 pages

    Needle Stick Injuries

    Uploaded by

    SAINT547
    The document discusses needlestick injuries among healthcare workers, noting that over 800,000 occur each year in the US, primarily when administering injections, drawing blood, or disposing of needles. These injuries pose risks of transmitting bloodborne pathogens like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. The document provides guidance on proper handling of sharps, immediate treatment after an exposure, and disposal of sharps.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Needle Stick Injuries

    John
    Needle Stick Injury
    800,000 Needlestick Injuries
    Occur Each Year in the United
    States
    Needlestick Injuries Among
    Health Care Workers

    Source: EPINet data, University of Virginia


    Source: EPINet data, University of
    Virginia
    Needlestick Injuries Are Underreported by
    Health Care Workers

    Reasons
    Lack of time
    Employer response
    Concern about HIV status
    What Types of Devices Are Most Commonly
    Involved in Needlestick Injuries?
    Hollow-bore needles are the cause of injury in
    68.5% of cases
    Items Most Frequently Causing Sharp-
    Object Injuries, 1995
    Location Where Puncture Injuries and Other
    Blood Exposures Occurred, 1995
    The majority of needlesticks occur when health care
    workers:

    Dispose of needles
    Administer injections
    Draw blood
    Recap needles
    Handle garbage and dirty linen
    When Do Needlesticks Happen?
    HBV and HCV Pose an Even Greater Risk Then HIV
    Occupational Risk of
    Hepatitis C:

    HCV - major cause of chronic liver disease


    No vaccine
    No effective post-exposure prophylaxis
    85% of HCV infected people develop chronic
    infection
    Occupational Risk of
    Hepatitis B:
    Much more transmissible than HIV
    Risk after needlestick: 2% - 40%
    1994 (USA) - 1000 health care workers
    developed HBV infection
    Approximately 200 Health Care Workers
    die each year in USA
    Estimated Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B
    United States, 1978-1995
    Occupational Risk of HIV:

    Risk after needlestick - 1 in 300

    Exposures from needlesticks or cuts


    cause most infections
    Personal Protective Equipment alone
    Usually Does Not
    Adequately Protect the Health Care Worker from
    Needlesticks

    Gloves provide a barrier,


    but…
    Most personal protective equipment is
    easily penetrated by needles
    Immediate Management of Sharp Injuries
    or Exposure to Blood and Body Fluid
    In case if injury with a used needle or other
    sharp or if bloody/body fluid is splashed
    into mouth, eyes or onto broken skin, carry
    out the following procedures:
    1. Needle pricks, cuts, bites or scratches
    a. Encourage bleeding by squeezing
    b. Wash thoroughly with soap and water
    c. Cover with waterproof dressing
    2. Splashes to mouth or eyes.
    Rinse thoroughly with plenty or running
    water. NEVER use soap. Why?
    3. Inform your manager immediately.
    4. Complete the accident/incident form.
    If known, include the name of the patient
    from whom the sharp/body fluid came.
    5. Report to the accident and emergency
    department for further advice if working
    in a hospital.
    Immediately after the accident exposure, the injury
    should evaluated for risk of infection according to:

    Severity of the exposure.


    Depth of injury.
    Duration of exposure.
    Type of instrument/needle involved (hollow bore
    or suture needle).
    Serological status of the patient.
    Stage of disease of the source patient.
    Dispose of
    Sharps
    properly
    Good Practices for the Safe
    Handling and Disposal of Sharps

    ALWAYS dispose of your own sharps. NEVER


    pass used sharps directly from one person to
    another; this practice should be followed by ALL
    health care workers;
    During exposure-prone procedure, the risk of
    injury should be minimized by ensuring that the
    operator has the best possible visibility, e.g. By
    positioning the patient, using as good a light
    source as possible and controlling bleeding.
    Dispose of, and transport sharps in a puncture-
    resistant container.

    NEVER place used sharps in other waste


    containers;

    Keep all sharps and sharps disposal containers


    out of the reach of children;

    •Prevent overflow by sending sharps disposable


    containers for incineration when three-quarter
    full.
    Bleach is used to wipe benches,
    and cleaning blood spills.
    Never use bleach to clean chairs where the patient
    sits. Why?
    Although it is widespread, NEVER put bleach in
    spray bottles. Why?
    Eye wash bottles should be out of the box with the
    seal removed and placed in an easy to get place.

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