SpokenEnglish Sec1 Lesson1
SpokenEnglish Sec1 Lesson1
SpokenEnglish Sec1 Lesson1
Symbol
[/ /- [
/e/- e
//- eo
//- A
//- Aa
//- Aa^
//- Aa^: *
Sheep
bit, igloo
bread, said
swan, pause
caught, taught
bought, paw
/i/-
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/u/ or //- ]
put, truth
hood, could
10
/u/- }
11
12
//- A\
about, alike
13
/e/- e[
tray, pray
14
/a/- Aa[
15
//- Aa^ya
boy, toy
noise
16
/u/- Aao]
know, grow
17
/au/- Aa]
how, now
18
/i/- [A
ear, fear
deer
19
/e/- eA
chair, pair
20
/u/or//- ]A poor
tour ,sure
Qvaina ko Aagao yah icanh ( : ) Qvaina kao lambaa KIMcanoa ka sMakot hO.
* Hindi
sound indicates its prolongation.
Note: The vowel sounds from 1 to 12 are single vowel sounds and those from 13 to 20 are
double vowel sounds.
1. /i:/ Sheep
2. /i/ Zip
3. /e/ Ten
4. // Cat
5. // Sun
6. /a:/ Car
7. // Pot
8. /:/ Ball
9. /u/ Book
12. // Around
15. // Toy
18. // Ear
20. // Tourist
Spelling
Symbol
p
b - ba
t-T
d-D
k-k
g - ga
ch - ca
j - ja
f - f,
v - va
th - qa,
th - d,
s - sa
z - j,a
sh - Sa
/p/
pit, pin
/b/
bit, bat
/t/
time, ten
/d/
door, dog
/k/
kite, kit
/g/
get, go
/t/
chop, chick
/d/
judge, jam
giraffe
/f/
fan, fun
telephone, rough
/v/
van, vine
//
think, thought
//
that, this
/s/
send, see
circle
/z/
zip, zoo
pins
//
shop, shoe
//
leisure, pleasure
/h/
hen, happy
/m/
man, monkey
/n/
nice, night
knife, gnome
//
tongue
/l/
leg, long
/r/
rat, run
write
/w/
wet, wine
/j/
yet, yes
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
p-
j,a^ *
h-h
m - ma
n - na
ing - [Mga
l - la
r-r
w - va
y - ya
s-
[sa Qvaina ka ]ccaarNa j,a Qvaina ko samaana hO prntu [samaoM jaIBa ko isaro daantao ko pICo saoo AaOr pICo (dnatya
* talaU
kI Aaor) lao jaa kr ikyaa jaata hO.This sound is pronounced like the /z/ sound but it is modified
by moving the tip of the tongue from the back of the teeth further backwards (towards the teeth ridge).
2. /b/ Ball
3. /t/ Ten
4. /d/ Deer
5. /k/ Kite
6. /g/ Girl
7. /t/ Chair
8. /d/ Jug
9. /f/ Fan
11. // Teeth
15. // Ship
16. // Treasure
22. // Ring
Now that you have gone through the symbols corresponding to all the 44 sounds of English
(also called phonemes), let us practise recognizing them in words written using these symbols
(phonemic script). When you get some practice with this, you can look up the pronunciation of
any word in a dictionary and find its correct pronunciation. For instance, when you look up the
word cat in a dictionary you will find its pronunciation given as /kt/. Similarly, the phonemic
transcription (written conventionally between two bars / /) of the word show in the dictionary is
/u/. The symbols used in this book are those which are specified by the International Phonetic
Association. However, some dictionaries use a few different symbols, but their corresponding
sounds are listed at the beginning of the dictionary.
Exercise 1
Write the spellings (using the English alphabet) under each of the following words which are written
in phonemic script.
Phonemic
Script
/mi:t/
/ip/
/sn/
/rt/
/gut/
/ti:t/
Alphabetic
Script
Phonemic
Script
/gu/
/u:t/
/w:t/
/buk/
/b:d/
Alphabetic
Script
You will find the answers to this exercise at the end of Lesson 2.
Hard Palate
Nasal Cavity
Soft Palate
Teeth Ridge
Upper Teeth
Oral Cavity
Upper Lip
Uvula
Lower Lip
Lower Teeth
Tongue
In this lesson you have been introduced to the various sounds of the English language and how
they are produced with the help of the speech organs. In the following lessons you will learn and
practise each of these sounds individually.
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