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PENTAKSIRAN DIAGNOSTIK AKADEMIK SBP 2014

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
CHEMISTRY
4541

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PENTAKSIRAN DIAGNOSTIK AKADEMIK SBP 2014

SKEMA KERTAS 1
CHEMISTRY 4541/1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

C
C
C
D
D
C
D
A
D
C
D
D
A
A
B
A
D
C
C
A
B
A
B
B
B

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

2
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C
C
B
D
D
A
A
B
B
D
D
A
D
B
C
C
A
B
B
B
D
A
C
C
A

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4541

SECTION A
Question
1

(a)
(b)
(c)

Mark scheme

(i)

(ii)

(d)

(i)

(ii)

Electron
2.8
The atomic size of potassium is bigger
The attraction force between nucleus/proton and
electron is weaker
Easier to donate valence electron
Potassium moves very fast/ rapidly on the surface of
water
Burns with reddish purple/ lilac flame
Produce hiss/pop sound
Any two
Atoms of the same element which have the same number of
proton (proton number) but different number of neutrons
(nucleon number)
To detect the leakage of underground pipes
TOTAL

Question
2

(a)

Mark scheme
(i)
(ii)

(b)

(c)

n = 12
A = Carbon-12 / C-12
0.5 x 6.02 x 1023 x 5
= 1.505 x 1024

Sub Total
Mark Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

1
9

Sub Total
Mark Mark
1
1
2
1
1
2

(i)

To allow oxygen to enter the crucible

(ii)

Lead is less reactive metal towards oxygen// lead react

slowly with oxygen

(i)

Number of mol CuCO3 = 6.2

= 6.2 = 0.05
64 + 12 + 16(3) 124

1 mol CuCO3 : 1 mol CO2

0.05 mol CuCO3 : 0.05 mol CO2

Volume of CO2 gas = 0.05 x 24 / 1.2 dm3

TOTAL

3
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3
9

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Question
3 a i

4541

Mark scheme
Bronze

Sub Mark
1

Total
Mark
1

1
1

ii
Copper
Tin

Correct label
Size of atoms Cu smaller than atom Sn

iii

To increase the hardness/strength of pure metal

iv

Light
Withstand high pressure/ strong

1
1

Saponification
r: wrong spelling

Palm/ olive/ sunflower oil

concentrated sodium /potassium hydroxide solution.

1
1

To reduce the solubility of soap in water// To precipitate out

soap
Total

3 b i

ii

iii

4
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Question
4

a)

Mark scheme

Sub
Mark
1

Total
Mark
1

1+1

iii) 0 to -1

iv)

Reduction

v)

Acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution //

Acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution
1

1
10

i)

Oxidation number of iron = +3

ii)

Carbon

iii) Reducing agent

i)

2Fe2O3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO2 //

Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
1 correct formula for reactant and product
2 - balanced chemical equation
Brown colour

ii)

Bromine

iv)

b)

4541

Total

5
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Question
5 a)

i)

Explanation
Molecule

ii)

Test tube P
Hydrogen ion is not present/ ethanoic acid exists as molecule
R : water is not present
b) X = 0.005
)
Sulpuric acid is a diprotic acid while hidrochloric acid is a
monoprotic acid
Double concentration of hydrogen ion
c)

i)
ii)
iii)

Hydrogen chloride
Reject: Hydrochloric acid
Acidic
Procedure:
Add distilled water
Add silver nitrate solution
Observation:
A white precipitate formed

4541

Mark
1

1
1

Mark

1
1
1
1

3
1

1
1
1
3

Total

6
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Question
6

4541

Mark scheme

Sub Total
Mark Mark
1+1
2

(a)

Zn + 2H+

Zn2+ + H2

(b)

Temperature and concentration

(c)

1. The rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than Experiment I

2. The temperature in experiment II is higher
3. The kinetic energy of hydrogen ions is higher
4. The frequency of collision between zinc atoms and hydrogen
ions is higher// The frequency of effective collision between zinc
atoms and hydrogen ions is higher

1+1

1
1
1
1

(d)
Volume of
gas (cm3)
III

Time (s)
Masa
Correct curve which shows the volume is double
(s)

(e)

1. Cut the meat into smaller size

2. Larger total surface area of meat will absorb more heat

1
1

OR
1. Cook in pressure cooker
2. High pressure in pressure cooker increase the temperature

1
1

TOTAL

7
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2
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4541

Section B (20 marks)

Question

Rubric

Marks

Total
Mark

7(a)

(i)

1. Heat change = mc
= 100 4.2 6.5// 2730 Joule// 2.73 kJ
2. Number of mol of water

1 50
0.05mol
1000

2730 2.73
//
3. Heat of neutralisation 0.05 0.05
54600 Jmol 1 // 54.6kJmol 1

1. 6.5oC // same.
2. Potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are strong alkali// Both
alkali are ionize completely in water// Number of moles of
hydroxide ion in both alkali is the same

(ii)

7(b)

(i)

(ii)

2
1

Exothemic
reaction// Endothermic reaction //
heat is released to Heat is absorbed from
surrounding.
surrounding.

Temperature
change

Temperature of
mixture increases.

Energy content

The total energy content The total energy content

of reactants is higher of reactants is lower
than products.
than products.

1+1

Chemical energy to heat Heat energy to chemical

energy.
energy.

1+1

the
1+1

1. Heat of combustion of butanol is higher than propanol.

2. The number of carbon atom per molecule of butanol is higher/ greater
than propanol.
3. The number of carbon dioxide and water molecules formed is higher/
greater.
4. More heat energy is released.

Total

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1+1

Type of
reaction

the Temperature of
mixture decreases.

Example of reaction:
Set 1: Neutralization between acid and alkali// combustion ethanol/ alkane/
alkene// precipitation of silver chloride/ lead(II) chloride //
any suitable reaction.
Set 2: Decomposition of carbonate/ nitrate salts // dissolving ammonium
salts in water// any suitable reaction
Set I
Set II

Energy change

7(c)

1
1
1
4
1
20

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Question
8(a)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

8(b)

(i)

(ii)

4541

Rubric

Marks

Group 17
Atom has 7 valence electrons
Period 2
Atom has 2 shells filled with electrons
2Fe + 3B2 2FeB3 // 2Fe + 3Cl2 2 FeCl3

1
1
1
1

Correct formula of reactants and product

Balanced equation
1. Element A more reactive than element B
2. Atomic size A is smaller than B
3. The nucleus force of attraction toward electrons become stronger//
The attraction forces between proton and electrons become stronger
4. Easier to receive electrons
1. Hydrogen atom has an electron arrangement of 1.
2. Nitrogen atom has an electron arrangement of 2.5.
3. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms share electrons to achieve stable
duplet/ octet electron arrangement.
4. One hydrogen atom contributes one electron for sharing,
5. One nitrogen atom contributes three electrons for sharing.
6. One nitrogen atom share electrons with three hydrogen atoms.
[Sample of answer:
One nitrogen atom contributes three valence electrons, while three
hydrogen atoms, each contributes one valence electron to be
shared to achieve stable electron arrangement ]
1. Boiling point of ammonia is lower than the room temperature//
ammonia has low boiling point.
2. Ammonia exists as molecule// covalent compound.
3. Weak intermolecular/ Van der Waals forces between molecules.
4. Little/ less heat energy needed to overcome the force.

1
1
1
1

Total

9
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Total
marks

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

4
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10

Section C (20 marks)

Question
9(a)

9(b)

Cathode : Pure copper

Electrolyte : Copper(II) sulphate/
half equation at anode: Cu Cu2+ + 2ehalf equation at cathode: Cu2+ + 2e- Cu
(i)

(ii)
9(c)

Rubric

Marks

nitrate/

chloride

solution

X:

Aluminium/
magnesium/
zinc
/
iron
/
tin/
lead
[Reject : sodium /potassium]
Reason: X is more electropositive than copper// X is located higher than
copper in Electrochemical Series.
Y: Silver/ aurum (gold)
Reason: Y is less electropositive than copper// Y is located lower than
copper in Electrochemical Series.
Voltage of the cell is 2.2 V
Negative terminal is X.
Procedure:
1. Metal strips are cleaned with sandpaper.
2. [2 - 5] cm3 of each nitrate solution are poured into four separate test
tubes.
3. A strip of metal P is placed into each of the solutions.
4. Observations on the deposition of metals are recorded.
5. Steps 1 to 4 are repeated using strip metals Q, R and S to replace strip
metal P.

1
1
1
1

Total
marks

1
1
1
1
1
1

4
2

1
1
1
1
1

Result:

Salt
solution
Metal strip
P
Q
R
S

Nitrate
solution
P

X
X
X

Nitrate
solution
Q

Nitrate
solution
R

Nitrate
solution S

X
X

: Deposition of metal occurs

X: No deposition of metal occurs
Explanation:
6.
Metal P can displace metals Q, R and S from their salt solutions.
Thus, P is placed at the highest position in the electrochemical
series.
7.
Metal Q can only displace metals R and S from their salt solutions.
Thus, metal Q is placed higher than metals R and S but lower than
metal P in the electrochemical series.
8.
Metal R can only displace metal S from its salt solution.
Thus, metal R is placed higher than metal S but lower than metals P
and Q in the electrochemical series.
9.
Metal S cannot displace any metals from their salt solutions because
it is placed at the lowest position in the electrochemical series.

1
1

Total
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10

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11

Question
10(a)

Rubric
Chemical equation: C3H7OH +

Marks

Total
marks

9
O2 3CO2 + 4H2O//
2

Chemical equation: 2C3H7OH + 9O2 6CO2 + 8H2O

Correct formula of reactants and product
Balanced equation

1
1

Volume of gas X
1. Based on equation;

9
mol O2 : 3 mol CO2
2

10(b)

0.3 mol O2 : 0.2 mol CO2

2. Volume of CO2 = 0.2 x 24 = 4.8dm3 //4800cm3
Structural formula of ester C

1
Name: propyl propanoate

Propanol
Hydroxyl / -OH

10(c)

Ester C
Carboxylate/ -COO

Functional
Group
Solubility in
Soluble in water Insoluble in water
water
Apparatus: test tubes, dropper.
Materials: bromine water // acidified potassium manganate (VII)
solution, hexane, hexane.
Procedure:
1. [2 5] cm3 of liquid in bottle P is poured into a test tube.
2. 2 cm3/ A few drop of bromine water// acidified potassium
manganate(VII) solution is added to the test tube.
3. The mixture is shaken.
4. Any changes is observed and recorded.
5. Steps 1 to 4 are repeated by using the liquid in bottle Q to replace
the liquid in bottle P.
Observation:
Set
Observation
Brown bromine water decolourised // purple
Liquid in bottle P acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
decolourised.
Liquid in bottle Q No change.

Total
11

1+1

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

Liquid in bottle P is hexene.

Liquid in bottle Q is hexane.
[a: P is hexene, Q is hexane]

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1+1

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12

Kertas 3
Question
1 (a)

Rubric

Score

Able to record all readings accurately to one decimal point with unit
Answer :
Set I (0.24 mol dm-3)
Set II (0.20 mol dm-3)
Set III (0.16 mol dm-3)
Set IV (0.12 mol dm-3)
Set V (0.08 mol dm-3)

Able to record any 4 readings accurately / all readings correctly but

without decimal point/without unit

Able to record any 3 readings correctly but without decimal point/without

unit

No response given or wrong response or less than 3 correct readings

Question
1 (b) (i)

17.0 s
20.0 s
25.0 s
33.0 s
50.0 s

Rubric
Able to state the observation correctly

Score
3

Suggested answer:
Mark X disappears from sight//
Precipitate/solid is formed //
Solid covers X
Able to state the observation less correctly

Suggested answer:
Mark X disappears
Able to state idea of observation

Suggested answer:
Precipitate//
Solid//
Reaction occurs
No response given / wrong response

12
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13

Question
1 (b) (ii)

Rubric

Score

Able to state the inference correctly

Suggested answer:
Sulphur is formed
Able to state the inference less correctly

Suggested answer:
Acid reacts with sodium thiosulphate //
Insoluble substance formed
Able to state idea of inference

Suggested answer:
Reaction occurs
Rate of reaction affected by concentration
No response given / wrong response

Question

Rubric

Score

Able to complete the table with all correct value with 2 decimal place
1 (c)

Answer :
Concentration/mol dm-3
0.24
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.08

Time / s
17.0
20.0
25.0
33.0
50.0

1
/ s-1
T ime

0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02

Able to complete the table with 4 correct values

Able to complete the table with 3 correct values

No response given or wrong response

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14

Question
1 (d)

Rubric

Score

Able to state all three variables correctly

Suggested answer:
Manipulated variable:
Responding variable:
Constant variable:

Concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution

Time taken for mark X to disappear from sight //
rate of reaction
Volume of sodium thiosulphate // Temperature //
size of conical flask // concentration and volume
of sulphuric acid

Able to state any two variables correctly

Able to state any one variables correctly

No response or wrong response

Question

Rubric

Score

1 (e)

Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and

responding variable correctly with direction.
Suggested answer :
The higher / lower the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution, the
higher / lower the rate of reaction. //

The higher / lower the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution, the

shorter the time taken for mark X to disappear from sight

Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding

variable without stating the direction.
Suggested answer :

The higher / lower the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, the

faster/slower the rate of reaction
Able to state an idea of the hypothesis
Suggested answer :
Concentration affects the rate of reaction //

The concentration change, the rate of reaction change

No response or wrong response

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15

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16

Question

Rubric

1 (f)

Able to draw a graph of concentration

following information
(1)

Score
against 1/time by showing the

The axes are labeled correctly with unit

x-axis : concentration (mol dm-3 )

y-axis : 1/time (1/s)

(2)
Uniform scale
(3)
size of the graph at least 50% of the graph paper
(4)
All points are transferred correctly
(5)
Smooth curve
Able to draw a graph of concentration against 1/time by showing the following
information
(1)
The axes are labeled correctly without unit
(2)
Uniform scale
(3)
All points are transferred correctly
(4)
Smooth curve
Able to draw a graph of concentration against 1/time by showing the
following information
(1)
The axes are labeled correctly without unit
(2)
Curve / straight line on the graph
No response or wrong response

Question

1 (g)(i)

1
0

Rubric

Score

Able to state the relationship between the concentration of sodium

thiosulphate solution and the rate of reaction correctly
Suggested answer:

The higher/lower the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution, the rate

of reaction increase/decrease
Able to state the relationship between the concentration of sodium
thiosulphate solution and the rate of reaction less correctly
Suggested answer:

The rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of sodium

thiosulphate//
The higher the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, the rate of reaction
decrease//
The lower the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, the rate of reaction
increase

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Able to give a relevant idea

Suggested answer:
Rate of reaction is affected by concentration//
Rate of reaction is changed by the concentration//
Rate of reaction is inversely proportional with concentration

No response or wrong response

Question

Rubric

Score

Able to fulfil the following criteria

1 (g)(ii)

(1)
(2)
(3)

Extend the line on the graph

Show on the graph the way to obtain the value of 1/time
State the time with unit

1/time = 0.055
Time = 1/0.055
= 18.18 s//18.2 s
Able to fulfil any two criteria

Able to fulfil any one criteria

No response or wrong response

Question

1 (h)

Rubric

Score

Able to state the operational definition accurately by stating what should be

done and what should be observed
What should be done : when sulphuric acid is added to a higher
concentration sodium thiosulphate solution
What should be observed : the time taken become shorter
Suggested answer :
Time taken for mark X to disappear from sight//
Time taken for mark X to disappear from sight when sulphuric acid is
added into different concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution.

Able to state the operational definition less accurately

Suggested answer :
Time taken for mark X to disappear// Time taken// X mark disappear

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Able to give an idea for the operational definition.

Suggested answer :
Time for reaction to occurs
No response given or wrong response

Question

1
0

Rubric

Score

Able to classify all the reaction correctly

1 (j)

Fast reaction
Neutralization
Combustion
Displacement

Slow reaction
Rusting
Fermentation
Corrosion

Able to classify any 4 reaction correctly

Able to classify any 3 reaction correctly or reverse classification

No response or wrong response

Question
2(a)

Rubric

Score

Able to give the statement of problem correctly

Suggested answer :
Does different carboxylic acids react with butanol produce esters with
different odour?
3
Able to give the statement of problem less correctly
Suggested answer :
Does different carboxylic acids react with butanol gives different esters?//
To study different carboxylic acids react with butanol to give esters with
different odours.
Able to give an idea about the statement of problem

Suggested answer :
Different carboxylic acids/alcohol gives different esters.
No response or wrong response

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19

Question

Rubric

2(b)

Score

Able to state all the variables correctly

1. Manipulated variable: Type of carboxylic acids//
Methanoic acid, ethanoic acid and propanoic acid.
3

2. Responding variables: Esters / Odours produced

3. Fixed variable: butanol / alcohol used
Able to state any two variable correctly

Able to state any one variable correctly

No response or wrong response

Question
2(c)

Rubric

Score

Able to state the hypothesis correctly by stating the relationship between the
manipulated variable and the responding variable
Suggested answer :
When different carboxylic acids are used, the esters formed will give
different odours.

Able to state the hypothesis less correctly

Suggested answer :
When different carboxylic used, different esters formed//Esters with different
odours formed when different carboxylic acids are used
2
Able to state idea of the hypothesis
Suggested answer :
Type of carboxylic acid affects esters formed

No response or wrong response

19
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20

Question

Rubric

2(d)

Score

Able to give the apparatus and materials correctly and completely

List of apparatus :
Boiling tube, beaker, test tube holder, Bunsen burner, dropper, measuring
cylinder
OR
Round bottom flask, beaker, Liebig condenser, measuring cylinder, Bunsen
burner, dropper, porcelain chips
List of materials :
Glacial methanoic acid, ethanoic acid and propanoic acid, butanol,
concentrated sulphuric acid, water

Able to give the list of aapparatus and materials correctly but not complete
List of apparatus :
Boiling tube, Bunsen burner,dropper
Or
Round bottom flask, , Bunsen burner, dropper
List of materials :
Methanoic acid, ethanoic acid and propanoic acid, butanol concentrated
sulphuric acid
Able to give an idea of list of apparatus and materials
Any container, any one acid// any one alcohol,
No response or wrong response

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Question

Rubric

2(e)

Score

Able to state all procedures correctly

Situation 1
1. Pour [2-5] cm3 butanol and [2-5] cm3 glacial methanoic acid into a
boiling tube.
2. Add a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid into the mixture.
3. Heat the mixture gently.
4. Pour the mixture into beaker half-filled with water
5. Observe and record the product formed.
6. Repeat the experiment by replacing methanoic acid with ethanoic acid
and propanoic acid.

Situation 2
1. Pour [25 - 100] cm3 glacial methanoic acid into a round bottom flask and
[25 - 100] cm3 butanol.
2. Put in a few pieces of porcelain chips into the flask
3. Add [5 20] cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid into the mixture.
4. Reflux the mixture for about [30] minutes.
5. Observe and record the product formed.
6. Repeat the experiment by replacing methanoic acid with ethanoic acid
and propanoic acid.
Able to state steps 1, 2, 3,5 and 6 for Situation 1 or
Able to state steps 1, 3,4, 5, 6 for Situation 2
Able to state an idea of the experiment
1. Add [any one] carboxylic acid and any alcohol into a [suitable
container].
No response or wrong response
Question
Rubric
2(f)

1
0
Score

Able to exhibit the tabulation of data correctly

Tabulation of data has the following aspects:
1. Two columns and at least 3 rows
2. Headings: Carboxylic acids/ Ester
Observation
3. Name of acids/esters
Suggested answer :
Carboxylic acid/Ester
Methanoic acid/Butyl methanoate
Ethanoic acid/Butyl ethanoate
Propanoic acid/Buytl propanoate

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Observation
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Able to exhibit the tabulation of data but less accurately

Tabulation of data has the following aspects:
1. Two columns and at least 2 rows
2. One heading:
Suggested answer :
Carboxylic acid/Ester

// Observation

No response or wrong response

1
0

END OF MARK SCHEME

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