4531/2 Nama : ....................................................

Tingkatan : ....................
Fizik
Kertas 2 Angka Giliran : ......................................................
Ogos-Sept
2007
2 1/2 jam

PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA

SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA
CAWANGAN KELANTAN

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN 2007

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

FIZIK

Kertas 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Kod Pemeriksa
Bahagian Soalan Markah Markah
Penuh Diperoleh
A 1 4
2 5
3 6
4 7
5 8
6 8
7 10
8 12
B 9 20
10 20
C 20
20
Jumlah
________________________________________________________
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi ___ halaman bercetak dan ___halaman tidak bercetak.
Maklumat berikut mungkin berfeadah . Simbol-simbol mempunyai makna yang biasa.
SULIT 2 4531/2

The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

1. a= v–u 16. Power, P = Energy

t time

2. v2 = u2 + 2 as 17. V = IR

3. s = ut + 1 at2 18. Kuasa, P = IV

2

4. Momentum = mv 19. Ns = Vs
Np Vp

5. F = ma 20. Efficiency = Is Vs x 100 %

Ip V p

6. Kinetic energy = 1 mv2 21. g = 10 ms-2

2

7. Potential energy = mgh 22. 1= 1 + 1

f u v

8. Elastic potential energy = 1 Fx 23. n = sin i

2 sin r

9.  = m 24. n = Real depth

V apperent depth

10. Pressure, P = hg 25.  = ax

D

11. Pressure, P = F 26. Q= It

A

12. Heat, Q = mc

13. PV = constant
T

14. E = m c2

15. v = fλ

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Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Jawab semua soalan

1. Diagram 1.1 shows a mercury thermometer.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan termometer merkuri.

DIAGRAM 1.1
RAJAH 1.1

(a) What is the accuracy of the thermometer?

Berapakah kejituan termometer itu?

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Why the glass bulb is made of thin glass?
Mengapakah bebuli kaca dibuat dari kaca yang nipis?

........................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(c ) Diagram 1.2 shows when thermometer is put into hot water the mercury in
the bulb expands and rises up.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan apabila termometer itu dimasukkan ke dalam air
panas, merkuri dalam bebuli mengembang dan naik keatas.

DIAGRAM 1.2
RAJAH 1.2

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(i) Why the temperature of hot water is taken when the thread of
mercury stop expands?
Mengapa suhu air panas itu diambil apabila merkuri berhenti
mengembang?

............................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Give one suggestion how to increased the sensitivity of the
thermometer.
Berikan satu cadangan bagaimana hendak menambahkan
sensitiviti termometer.

............................................................................................................
[1 mark]

2. Diagram 3.1 shows the rate of decay of radioactive substance, Iodine-131.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan kadar pereputan bagi suatu bahan radioaktif, Iodin-131.

DIAGRAM 3.1
RAJAH 3.1

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a). What is meant by ‘half – life’?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ‘separuh hayat’?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
b) Based on Diagram 3.1, what is the half – life of Iodine?
Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1 berapakah separuh hayat Iodine?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
c) What happen to the activity of Iodine-131 after 24 days?
Apakah yang terjadi kepada aktiviti Iodine selepas 24 hari?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
d) When Iodine-131 decays, it produces a beta particle and Xenon-131(Xe).
Apabila Iodine -131 mereput, Iodine menghasilkan zarah beta dan Xenon -131
(Xe)

( i) What is beta particle?

Apakah zarah beta?

………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
(ii) Complete the following equation for the decay of Iodine-131.
Lengkapkan persamaan berikut untuk pereputan Iodine-131.

[1 mark]

3. Diagram 3.1 shows a bob hanging to a spring. The spring osillate at a frequency
of 10 oscillation per second. The bob at the end of the spring touches the surface
of water in the ripple tank and produces a series of circular waves. The pattern of
the wave is seen through a stroboscope.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah ladung digantung pada satu spring. Spring itu
diayunkan pada frekuensi 10 ayunan sesaat. Ladung pada hujung spring
mencecah permukaan air dalam tangki riak dan menghasilkan satu siri
gelombang bulat. Corak gelombang itu dapat dilihat menerusi sebuah
stroboskop.

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DIAGRAM 3.1
RAJAH 3.1

(a) Calculate:
Hitungkan :

(i) the wavelength of the water wave that propagate.

panjang gelombang air yang merambat.

[1 mark]
(ii) the speed of the wave formed.
kelajuan gelombang yang terhasil.

[2 marks]
(b) (i) What happen to the wavelength when the frequency of the
oscillating spring increases?
Apakah yang berlaku kepada panjang gelombang apabila
frekuensi ayunan spring bertambah?

............................................................................................................
[1 mark]

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(ii) Suggest one way to incease the frequency of the oscillating spring.
Cadangkan satu cara untuk menambahkan frekuensi ayunan
spring itu.

............................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) In Diagram 3.2 draw the wave pattern formed when the wave hits the
plane reflector.
Dalam Rajah 3. lukiskan bentuk gelombang yang terhasil bila gelombang
itu melanggar pemantul satah itu.

DIAGRAM 3.2
RAJAH 3.2
[1 marks]

4. Diagram 4.1 shows the image of a patient’s teeth seen in a mirror used by a
dentist.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan imej gigi seorang pesakit yang dilihat di dalam sebuah
cermin yang digunakan oleh seorang doktor gigi.

DIAGRAM 4.1
RAJAH 4.1

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(a) Name the type of the mirror used by the dentist.

Namakan jenis cermin yang digunakan oleh doktor gigi.

……………………………………………………………………………....
[ 1 mark ]

(b) State the light phenomenon that causes the image of the teeth.
Nyatakan fenomena cahaya yang menyebabkan pembentukan imej gigi.

……………………………………………………………………………....
[ 1 mark ]

(c) State two characteristics of the image formed.

Nyatakan dua ciri imej yang terbentuk.

……………………………………………………………………………....

……………………………………………………………………………....
[ 2 marks ]

(b) In the diagram below, the arrow represents the teeth as the object of the
mirror. Complete the ray diagram by drawing the required rays to locate
the position of the image.
Dalam Rajah di bawah, anak panah mewakili gigi yang merupakan objek
kepada cermin. Lengkapkan gambarajah sinar dengan melukis sinar
yang
diperlukan untuk menentukan kedudukan imej.

[ 3 marks]

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5. Diagram 5.1 shows the movement of the box from point P to point Q when it is
pulled by a worker . The time for movement from the point P to the point Q is
measured using by a stopwacth
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan pergerakan kotak dari titik P ke titik Q apabila ditarik
oleh seorang pekerja. Masa pergerakan dari titik P ke titik Q diukur
menggunakan jam randik.

Diagram 5.2 shows the pointer of stopwatch when the box is at point P and at
point Q respectively.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan kedudukan jarum jam randik apabila kotak itu masing-
masing berada di titik P dan di titik Q.

DIAGRAM 5.1
RAJAH 5.1

DIAGRAM 5.2
RAJAH 5.2

Diagram 5.3 shows the movement of the box from point P to point Q when it is pulled
by two workers . The time for movement from the point P to the point Q is measured
by using a stopwacth
Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan pergerakan kotak dari titik P ke titik Q apabila ditarik oleh
dua pekerja. Masa pergerakan dari titik P ke titik Q diukur menggunakan jam randik.

Diagram 5.4 shows the pointer of stopwatch when the box is at point P and at point Q
respectively.
Rajah 5.4 menunjukkan kedudukan jarum jam randik apabila kotak itu masing-masing
berada di titik P dan di titik Q.

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Box

DIAGRAM 5.3
RAJAH 5.3

DIAGRAM 5.4
RAJAH 5.4

(a) Name one force which acting to the box.

Namakan satu daya yang bertindak ke atas kotak itu.

………………………………………………………………………........
[ 1 mark]
(b) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.3
.Compare the force of the worker that exerted on the box.
Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.3
Bandingkan daya yang dikenakan oleh pekerja keatas kotak itu.

……………………………………………………………………………....
[ 1 mark ]
(c) Observe Diagram 5.2 and 5.4
Compare the time taken to move the box between point P and Q.
Perhatikan Rajah 5.2 dan Rajah 5.4
Bandingkan masa yang diambil untuk menggerakan kotak itu antara
titik P dan Q.

………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(d) Based on the answer (c ) , compare the acceleration of the box.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di ( c ), bandingkan pecutan yang dialami
oleh kotak itu.

…………………………………………………………………………........
[ 1 mark ]

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(e ) (i) Based on answer 5 (b) and 5 (d), state the relationship between
the force of the worker and acceleration of the box.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 5 ( b ) dan di 5( d ) ,nyatakan
hubungan antara daya dan daya yang dikenakan oleh pekerja dan
pecutan kotak itu.

……………………………………………………………................
[ 1 mark ]
( ii ) State the law involved.
Nyatakan hukum yang terlibat.

…………………………………………………………………...…
[ 1 mark ]
(f) (i) Based on Diagram 5.3 ,what happens to the acceleration of the box if the
box of bigger mass is used ?
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.3, apakah yang terjadi kepada pecutan kotak itu
apabila kotak yang berjisim lebih besar digunakan ?

………………………………………………………………………...........
[ 1 mark ]
( ii ) Give one reason for your answer in ( f )( i ).
Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di ( f ) ( i ).

………………………………………………………………………….......
[ 1 mark ]
6. Diagram 5.1 shows a bar magnet with north pole at point P and Diagram 5.2
shows a bar magnet with south pole at point Q which is moved towards the
solenoid to produce induced current.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu magnet bar dengan kutub Utara di titik P dan Rajah
5.2 dengan kutub Selatan di titik Q. Dalam kedua-dua rajah , magnet bar
digerakkan kearah solenoid untuk menghasilkan arus aruhan.

DIAGRAM 5.1 DIAGRAM 5.2

RAJAH 5.1 RAJAH 5.2

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a) Observe the diagrams and state two differences between them.

Perhatikan rajah-rajah di atas dan nyatakan dua perbezaan antara rajah-rajah
tersebut.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2marks]

b) What is the polarity exerted at point P and Q when the magnet is moved towards
the solenoid?
Apakah kutub yang terhasil pada titik P dan Q bila magnet digerakkan kearah
solenoid.

P : …………………………………….....................................................................

Q : ……………………………………......................................................................
[2marks]

c) What is the relationship between the number of turns and the magnitude of
induced current?
Apakah hubungan antara bilangan lilitan dan magnitud arus aruhan yang
terhasil.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1mark]

d) Name the law involved in (c).

Namakah hukum yang terlibat dalam bahagian (c).

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
e) Suggest another method to increase the deflection of the pointer.
Cadangkan satu kaedah lain yang boleh meningkatkan pesongan penunjuk.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1mark]

f) State an instrument that uses the application of induced current.

Nyatakan satu alat yang menggunakan aplikasi arus aruhan.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1mark]

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7. Diagram 7.1 shows a circuit consisting of 3 logic gates AND, OR and NOT .
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu litar mengandungi 3 get logik DAN, ATAU dan
TAK.

(a) What is meant by logic gate?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan get logic?

………………………………………………………………........................
[1mark]
(b) Diagram 7.2 shows a type of switch.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan satu jenis suis.

DIAGRAM 7.2
RAJAH 7.2

By using one or two of the the switch above and suitable connecting wires,
complete the circuit in the diagrams below to produce,
Dengan menggunakan satu atau dua dari suis di atas dan dawai-dawai
penyambung yang sesuai, lengkapkan litar dalam rajah di bawah untuk
menghasilkan,

(i) AND gate

Get DAN

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SULIT 14 4531/2

(ii) OR gate
Get ATAU

(iii) NOT gate

Get TAK

[3 marks]
(c ) Diagram 7.2 below shows the combination of two NAND gates.
The combination will produce a single gate M
Rajah 7.2 di bawah menunjukkan kombinasi dua get TAK DAN.
Kombinasi ini akan menghasilkan satu get tunggal M.

DIAGRAM 7.2
RAJAH 7.2

(i) Complete the truth table in table 7.1 below for the combination of
two NAND gates.
Lengkapkan jadual kebenaran dalam jadual 7.1 dibawah untuk
kombinasi dua get TAK DAN.

K L M
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
[1mark]

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(ii) Name the logic gate M.

Namakan get logic M

………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]

(d) Draw a combination of two NOR gates to produce a single gate OR.
Lukiskan gabungan dua get TAK ATAU untuk menghasikan satu get logik
ATAU.

[1mark]

(e) Ahmad would like to construct a logic gate circuit to switch on an air
conditioner in his house automatically. He has chosen a light- sensitive
device to detect daytime and night and heat-sensitive device to detect the
surrounding temperature.
He has constructed a truth table as shown below.
Ahmad ingin membina litar get logik untuk menghidupkan pendingin
udara secara automatik. Dia telah memilih peranti peka cahaya untuk
mengesan keadaan cerah dan gelap dan peranti pengesan haba untuk
mengesan perubahan haba persekitaran.
Dia telah membina satu jadual kebenaran seperti di bawah.

Input P Input Q Output R

Night - 0 Cold - 0 Off - 0
Night - 0 Hot - 1 On - 1
Day - 1 Cold - 0 On - 1
Day - 1 Hot - 1 On - 1

You are given the logic gate such as OR, AND and NOT. Complete the
logic gate circuit to help Ahmad to make his air conditioner functions as
the situation above.
Anda diberi get logik seperti ATAU, DAN dan TAK. Lengkapkan litar get
logik di bawah untuk menolong Ahmad membuat pendingin hawanya
berfungsi seperti situasi di atas.

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[3
marks]

8. Diagram 8.1and Diagram 8.2 show a weightlifter is making trial to determine the
suitable method to lift a load of mass 60 kg for longer time.
Rajah 8.1 dan Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan seorang ahli angkat berat sedang
membuat percubaan bagi menentukan kaedah yang paling sesuai untuk
menjulang beban berjisim 60 kg untuk masa yang lebih lama.

DIAGRAM 8.1 DIAGRAM 8.2

RAJAH 8.1 RAJAH 8.

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(a) What is meant by equilibrium state?

Apakah maksud keadaan keseimbangan?

………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b).What is the weight of the load?
Berapakah berat beban itu?

[2 marks]

(c) In the space below, draw the scale drawing of the triangle of forces to determine
the value of T1. [Use the scale 1 cm : 10N]

Pada ruang di bawah, lukis lukisan berskala segitiga keseimbangan daya untuk
menentukan nilai T1. [Gunakan skala 1cm : 10N]

[3 marks]

(d) Calculate the tension T2 in Diagram 8.2

Hitung ketegangan T2 dalam Rajah 8.2

[2 marks]

(e) Based on the answer in (c ) and (d), state the suitable way to lift the load for a
long time. Give one reason for your answer.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda pada (c ) dan (d), nyatakan cara yang sesuai untuk
menjulang beban itu untuk masa yang lama. Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan
anda.
....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

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[2 marks]

(e) If the weightlifter let go the load, calculate the final velocity of the load before it
touches the surface of the ground.
Jika ahli angkat berat itu melepaskan beban, hitung halaju akhir beban itu
sebelum menyentuh permukaan lantai.

[2 marks]

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Section B
Bahagian B
[20 Marks]
[20 Markah]

Answer any one question

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan

9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show the parallel rays of light directed towards the
convex lenses J and K. Both the lenses produce real images. F is the focal point
for each lens.
Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan sinar cahaya selari di tuju ke kanta-kanta
cembung J dan K. Kedua-dua kanta menghasilkan imej nyata. F ialah titik fokus
untuk setiap kanta.

DIAGRAM 9.1
RAJAH 9.1

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DIAGRAM 9.2
RAJAH 9.2

(a) (i) What is meant by focal length?

Apakah maksud panjang fokus? [1 mark]

(ii) With reference to Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness of the
lenses and the effects it has on the refracted rays to make a deduction regarding
the relationship between the thickness of the lenses and their focal length.

Merujuk kepada Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan ketebalan kanta dan kesan
keatas pembiasan cahaya untuk membuat satu kesimpulan tentang hubungan
antara ketebalan dengan panjang fokus.
[5
marks]
(b) Diagram 9.3 shows the ray diagram of a simple microscope.
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan gambar sinar bagi satu mikroskop ringkas.

Fe : Focal point of eyepiece.

Titik fokus kanta mata.
Fo : Focal point of objective lens.
Titik fokus kanta objektif.

DIAGRAM 9.3
RAJAH 9.3

(i) State the function of the eyepiece.

Nyatakan fungsi kanta mata. [1 mark]

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(ii) State the characteristics of the image formed by a microscope.

Nyatakan ciri-ciri imej yang dihasilkan oleh satu mikroskop.

[3 marks]
(c) You are given two convex lenses S and Q of different focal length. Lens S has a
longer focal length than lens Q.

Anda dibekalkan dua kanta cembung S dan Q yang berlainan panjang fokus.
Kanta S mempunyai panjang fous yang lebih panjang daripada kanta Q.

(i) Using the two lenses above explain how are you would make a simple
astronomical telescope.
Dengan menggunakan dua kanta tersebut, terangkan bagaimana anda
akan membina sebuah teleskop astronomi ringkas. [4 marks]

(ii) Suggest modification that need to be done on the telescope to produce

clearer and bigger images.
Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan terhadap teleskop itu
untuk menghasilkan imej yang lebih jelas dan lebih besar.
[6
marks]

10. Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show copper rods placed on the bare wire tracks
between the poles of the magnet. The copper rods, the bare wire tracks and
magnets used are identical.

Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan rod kuprum diletakkan di atas landasan
wayar tidak bertebat di antara kutub-kutub magnet. Rod-rod kuprum, landasan
wayar tidak bertebat dan magnet yang digunakan adalah sama.

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When the switch is on in each circuit, the copper rods move in the the direction as
shown in the diagrams.

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Bila suis dihidupkan dalam setiap litar, rod kuprum itu bergerak dalam arah yang
ditunjukkan dalam kedu-dua rajah tersebut.

a) What is meant by catapult field?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan medan lastik? [ 1 mark]

b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the angle of deflection of the
ammeter indicator and the moving distance of the copper rods.
Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan sudut pesongan penunjuk
ammeter dan jarak gerakan rod kuprum.
[ 2 marks]

c) State the relationship between the strength of the force exert on the copper rods
and
Nyatakan hubungan antara kekuatan daya yang bertindak pada rod kuprum dan

i) the moving distance of the copper rods,

jarak gerakan rod kuprum,

ii) the size of electric current,

saiz arus elektrik,

iii) the strength of catapult field.

kekuatan medan lastik.

[ 3 marks]

d) Diagram 10.3 shows two thin copper strips, WX and YZ, connected to a circuit.
Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan dua jalur kuprum nipis, WX dan YZ, yang
disambungkan kepada satu litar.

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Explain what happen to copper strip WX and YZ when the switch is on.

Terangkan apa yang berlaku kepada jalur kuprum WX dan YZ apabila suis
dihidupkan.

[ 4 marks]

e) Diagram 10.4 shows a moving coil ammeter

Rajah 10.4 menunjukkan sebuah ammeter gegelung bergerak.

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DIAGRAM 9.4
RAJAH 9.4

Explain how you would design a moving coil ammeter that can function properly.In your
explanation, emphasise the following aspects:

Terangkan bagaimana anda mereka bentuk satu ammeter gegelung bergerak yang boleh
berfungsi dengan lebih baik. Dalam penerangan anda, berikan penekanan bagi aspek-
aspek berikut:

i) the sensitivity of the ammeter,

kepekaan ammeter itu,

ii) the shape of the permanent magnet,

bentuk magnet kekal,

iii) the shape of the core,

bentuk teras,

iv) the type material of the core,

jenis bahan teras,

v) the type of the scale of the ammeter.

jenis skala ammeter.

[ 10 marks]

BAHAGIAN C
[20 MARKS]
[20 MARKAH]

Answer any one question

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan

11. Diagram 11.1 below shows a simple hydraulic brake system in a car.
Rajah 11.1 dibawah menunjukkan satu system brek hidraulik ringkas bagi
sebuah kereta.

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DIAGRAM 11.1
RAJAH 11.1
Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of the brake system consists of type of liquid
brake line, size of pistons and type of brake either disc brake or drum brake.
Jadual 11.1 menunjukkan cirri-ciri bagi system brek yang terdiri daripada jenis
cecair brek, salur brek, saiz omboh dan jenis brek samada brek piring atau brek
drum.

The chosen of the

type of brake for
front and rear
The ratio of cross wheel.
sectional area for Pemilihan jenis
Brake Type of Thickness wheel and master brek untuk roda
System liquid of brake line piston. hadapan dan roda
Sistem Jenis cecair Ketebalan Nisbah luas belakang.
Brek brek salur Brek keratan rentas Front Rear
omboh roda dan wheel wheel

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omboh utama. Roda Roda

hadapa belakan
n g

P Oil Thin High Disc Drum

Minyak Nipis Tinggi Piring Drum
Q Oil Thick Low Disc Drum
Minyak Tebal Rendah Piring Drum
R Paraffin Thin High Drum Disc
Parafin Nipis Tinggi Drum Piring
S Oil Thick High Disc Drum
Minyak Tebal Tinggi Piring Drum
T Water Thick Low Drum Disc
air Tebal Rendah Drum Piring

TABLE 11.1
JADUAL 11.1

i) What is meant by Pascal’s Principle?

Apakah maksud Prinsip Pascal?
[1mark]

ii) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the materials in Table 11.1
which could be used to make an efficient brake hydraulic system.
Justify your choice.
Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual
11.1 yang boleh digunakan untuk membuat satu system brek hidraulik yang
cekap. Berikan penjelasan terhadap pilihan anda.
[10 marks]

b) Diagram 11.2 shows a simple hydraulic machine used for lifting heavy loads
such as cars in a garag e. It consists of two pistons, X and Y of cross sectional
area 0.02 m2 and 0.28 m2, respectively. When piston X is pressed down by
applying a force of 15 N, a large force is produced on pistonY.
Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan satu mesin hidraulik ringkas yang digunakan untuk
mengangkat beban yang berat seperti kereta di bengkel. Terdapat dua
omboh, X dan Y yang mempunyai luas keratan rentas 0.02 m2 and 0.28 m2
Apabila omboh X di tekan ke bawah oleh satu daya 15 N, suatu daya yang
besar terhasil di omboh Y.

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DIAGRAM 11.2
RAJAH 11.2

i) Explain briefly how the load can be lifted up when the small piston X is
pressed down.
Jelaskan dengan terperinci bagaimana beban dapat diangkat bila omboh
kecil X di tekan ke bawah.

[4marks]

ii) Calculate the pressure exerted on the liquid by piston X.

Hitung tekanan yang terhasil ke atas cecair oleh omboh X.
[1 mark]
iii) Calculate the maximum load that can be lifted by piston Y.
Hitungkan beban maksimum yang boleh diangkat oleh omboh Y
[2 marks]
iv) If piston X is depressed downwards by a distance of 21 cm, what is the
distance moved by piston Y?
Jika omboh X ditekan sejauh 21 cm, berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh
omboh Y.
[2mark]

12. Diagram 12.1 shows a bulb labelled 12V, 24W.

Rajah menunjukkan satu mentol berlabel 12V 24W.

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DIAGRAM 12.1
RAJAH 12.1

(a) (i) What is meant by 12V, 24 W.

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan 12V, 24W?

[ 1 mark]

(ii) Why R is made of high resistance conductor ?

Mengapa R dibuat daripada konduktor berintangan tinggi?

[ 1 mark]

(iii) State 2 factor that affected the resistance of the conductor .

Describe how the factors can affected the resistance of conductor.
Nyatakan 2 faktor yang mempengaruhi rintangan konduktor.
Huraikan bagaimana faktor-faktor itu mempengaruhi rintangan
konduktor itu.
[ 4 marks]

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b) Diagram 12.2 shows three identical resistors in an electric circuit that is

connected to a supply voltage 12V.
Rajah12.2 menunjukkan tiga perintang yang serupa dalam satu litar elektrik
yang disambungkan kepada bekalan elektrik 12 V

DIAGRAM 12.2
RAJAH 12.2

(i) Calculate the effective resistance in circuit

Hitungkan rintangan berkesan dalam litar itu. [ 1mark]

(ii) What is the reading of the voltmeter?

Berapaah bacaan voltmeter ? [2 marks ]

(iii) What is the reading of ammeter?

Berapakah bacaan ammeter ? [ 1 marks ]

c) You are assigned to investigate the characteristics of the power of heating coil and
the design of the heating element isn an electric kettle.
Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri kuasa perintang dalam alat pemanas
dan reka bentuk alat pemanas sebuah cerek elektrik.

Explain the suitability of every characteristics in the table and the determine the
most suitable electric kettle to be used to boil the water faster and safely.
Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri dalam jadual dan seterusnya tentukan cerek
elektrik yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan untuk memanaskan air supaya
ianya cepat dan selamat.
Give reason for your answer.
Beri sebab untuk jawapan anda.

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[10 marks]

Earthing system Number of loop Material of Power of

Sistem pembumian Bilangan Gegelung heating coil heating coil
Bahan Kuasa
gegelung gegelung
pemanas pemanas
Power
P Kuasa
Constantan 1000W
Konstantan
Voltage
Voltan
240V

Power
Q Kuasa
Nicrom 1 000 W
Nikrom
Voltage
Voltan
240 V
Power
R Nicrom Kuasa
Nikrom 1500 W

Voltage
Voltan
240V

S Power
Constantan Kuasa
Konstantan 1500 W

Voltage
Voltan
240V

T Nicrom Power
Nikrom Kuasa
1000

Voltage
Voltan
240V

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KELANTAN TRIAL EXAMINATION 2007

PHYSICS PAPER 2
MARKING SCHEME

1 (a) 1°C 1

(b) So that heat transfer from surrounding to the mercury is faster 1

(c) Thermal equilibrium is achieved // temperature of hot water = 1

temperature of mercury

(d) Use smaller bulb // use capillary tube with sfiner bore 1

2 (a) The time taken for half of the unstable atoms to decay // The time 1
taken for the activity of radioactive falls to half of its original activity.

(b) 8 days 1

(c) The activity decreases to 250 count per minute. 1

(d)(i) Fast moving electron 1

(ii) 1

3.(a)(i) λ = 2 cm 1

(ii) v= λf
= 2 x 10 // 0.02 x 10 1
= 10 cm s-1 // 0.2 ms-1 1

(b)(i) Wavelength decreases 1

(ii) Use stiffer spring // use shorter spring // use smaller diameter of spring 1

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coil // use thick spring // use bob of lower mass

(c)

4 (a) Reflection of light 1

(b) Concave mirror 1

1
(c) Virtual, upright and magnified
1

(d)

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5. (a) Gravity // weight // friction // tension of rope 1

(b) Force acting on Diagram 5.3 is bigger 1

(c) Time taken to move the box in Diagram 5.2 is longer 1

(d) The acceleration of the box in Diagram 5.3 is bigger 1

(e) (i) The acceleration increases with force applied 1

(ii) Newtons second law of motion. 1

(f ) (i) Acceleration of the box decreases 1

(ii) Acceleration inversely proportional to mass 1

6 (a) Diagram 5.1 has less number of turns compare to Diagram 5.2 1

Diagram 5.1 has less deflection of pointer compare to Diagram 5.2 1

(b) P = North Q = South 2

(c) The larger the number of turns, the higher the induced current 1
produced.

(d) 1
Faraday’s Law

(e) 1
Increase the speed of the relative motion between the coil and the
magnet //
Use a stronger magnet
(f) 1
Direct Current Generator (D.C. Dynamo) //
Alternating Current Generator (A.C. Dynamo) //
Moving coil microphone

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7 (a) Logic gates are electronic switches with one or more inputs and one 1
output

(b) (i)

(c) (i)

(ii) AND 1

(d)
1

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(e)

10
8 (a) Resultant force / net force is zero 1

(b) W = mg
= 60 x 10 1
= 600 N 1

(c)

(d) 2T = W 1
2T = 600
T = 300 N 1

(e) Method in Diagram 8.2 , tension is lower 2

(f) ½ mv2 = mgh

1
V2 = 2 gh
= 2 x 10 x 2 1

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= 40
V = 6.32 ms-1
12

9(a) (i) Distance from the optical centre to a focal point. 1

(ii) Lens K is thicker than lens J

Light ray is refracted more in lens K than lens J.
Focal length of lens K is shorter than lens J.
Therefore the thicker the lens, the greater the refraction of light
and with that the shorter the focal length of a lens will be 5

(b) (i) As a magnifying glass. 1

(ii) Enlarge/magnified
Inverted/upside down
Virtual 3
(c)(i) Choose lens S as objective lens
Choose lens Q as eyepiece
Lens S is placed in front of lens Q
The two lenses are adjusted so that they are in normal adjustment
where distance between the two lenses is equal to (fo + fe) 4

(ii) Modification Explanation

1. Use low power convex lens - Magnification of telescope =
as the objective lens. fo
,
fe
 Low power lens has a longer
focal length, fo ,
magnification 
2. Use high power convex lens High power lens has a shorter
as the eye lens focal length, fe ,
magnification
3.Use bigger diameter of More light permitted to enter
objective lens the telescope and a clearer
image is seen 6

20

10 (a) Unbalance combined magnetic field 1

(b) The angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator in Diagram 10.2 is

bigger than in the Diagram 10.1
The moving distance made by the cooper rod in Diagram 10.2 is

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longer than in the Diagram 10.1. 2

(c) (i) The moving distance of copper rod increases as the force exert on it
increases.

(ii) The force exert on the rod increases as the size of the electric current
increases.

(iii) The force exert on the copper rod increases as the strength of catapult
field increases. 3

(d) 1. Electric current flow trough copper strips from ZY to WX.

2. Magnetic field produced in the copper strips when the current

flows.//
Diagram.
3. The direction of the magnetic fields is the same. // Diagram

4. The copper rods repel to each other// the copper rods bent// 4
Diagram.
(e) (i)

1. The sensitivity of the ammeter can be increased by using a

hairspring of lower stiffness // increasing the strength of the
permanent magnet // increasing area of the coil // increasing the
number of turns of the coil // smaller mass of the coil and
indicator.
(ii) 2. To produce a larger of rotation of the coil.

1. Using a pair of concave permanent magnet // Diagram.

(iii) 2. To produced a radial magnetic field.// Diagram.

1. The core used is cylinder in shape. // Diagram.

(iv)
2. To supply the total magnetic flux uniformly to the coil.

1. Using the soft iron core.// Diagram

(v)
2. To concentrate the magnetic flux.// Diagram 10

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1. Using the linear scale.// Diagram. 20

2. Because the angle of the rotation of the indicator is linear.

11(a)(i) Pascal’s Principle states that in an enclosed fluid, an externally applied 1

pressure is transmitted uniformly in all direction.

(ii) Characteristics explanation

Type of liquid: uncompressible
-oil
Thickness of brake line: To counter the high
-high pressure from the liquid
The ratio of cross sectional To produce larger force on
area for wheel piston and wheel piston
master piston:
-high
The chosen of the type of Disc brake is more efficient
brake for front and rear than drum brake
wheel.:
Front wheel : disc
Rear wheel : drum

Chosen brake system: S

Reason: it uses oil as the brake liquid, has high thickness of the brake
line, the ratio of cross sectional area for wheel and master piston is
high, uses disc brake for front wheel and drum brake 10

(b) (i) - when the small piston, X is pressed down, the pressure is exerted
under the piston ,X.
- the liquid transmit pressure to all directions and to large piston, Y.
-when the pressure acted on larger piston, Y it will produced a large
force.
-the large force will push the load up 4

(ii) Px = Fx / Ax = 15 N / 0.02 m2
= 750 Nm-2
1
(iii) F = PA = (750)(0.28)
= 210 N 2

(iv) Volume of liquid transferred is unchanged

A2 x2 = A1 x1
x2 = ( A1 / A2)(x1)
= (0.02 / 0.28) (21)
2

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= 1.5 cm
20

12 (a) (i) If the voltage supplied is 12V the power generated is 24W 1

(ii) To give out more heat energy 1

(iii) 1. Length of conductor

2. cross sectional area
3. R is directly proportional to length, l
4. R is inversely proportional to cross sectional area, A 4

(b) (i) R T = 4 + (4x4)

4+ 4
=4+2
=6Ω 1
(ii) V = IR = 2 x 4 2
=8V
(iii) I = 12 = 2A 1
6

(c) 1. Connection to earth

2. to flows the excess / overload current to earth if the is short circuit
3. material of heating coil is nichrome
4. to produces high heat energy
5. high number of loop
6. to increase surface area so that more heat is released
7. high power
8. to produce more heat energy in the coil

9. R is chosen
10. because is connected to earth, material is nichrome, high number
of loop, and has high power. 10

20

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