EASA E-Regulations Part-145 Version 2012-02

EASA
E-REGULATIONS
PART-145
Copyright 2012
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EASA
E-REGULATIONS
PART-145
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION
APPROVALS PART 145
E-Document Version: 2012-02 issue date: 30 July 2012

COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2042/2003 Annex II
Includes amendments:
Commission Regulation (EC) No 707/2006 of 8 May 2006
Commission Regulation (EC) No 376/2007 of 30 March 2007
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1056/2008 of 27 October 2008
Commission Regulation (EU) No 127/2010 of 5 February 2010
Commission Regulation (EU) No 962/2010 of 26 October 2010
Commission Regulation (EU) No 1149/2011 of 21 October 2011
Commission Regulation (EU) No 593/2012 of 5 July 2012
Acceptable Means of Compliance ED Decision 2003/19/RM
AMC 145/1 ED Decision 2006/11/R of 25 December 2006
AMC 145/2 ED Decision 2007/002/R on Fuel Tank Safety of 20 March 2007
AMC 145/3 ED Decision 2009/007/R of 31 March 2009
AMC 145/4 ED Decision 2010/002/R of 5 May 2010
AMC 145/5 ED Decision 2010/006/R of 7 September 2010
AMC 145/6 ED Decision 2011/011/R of 28 November 2011
AMC 145/7 ED Decision 2012/004/R of 19 April 2012
Guidance Material ED Decision 2003/19/RM
GM 145/1 ED Decision 2010/002/R of 5 May 2010
GM 145/2 ED Decision 2010/006/R of 7 September 2010
GM 145/3 ED Decision 2011/011/R of 28 November 2011
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Part 145
How to use this document
HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT

This document consists out of the following three sections:
1. Implementing Rules (IR) Pages with thick black bars
Implementing Rules are divided into the following EASA parts
-
EASA part M:
EASA part 145:
EASA part 66:
EASA part 147:
for the Continuing Airworthiness Management

for Maintenance Organization Approvals
for personnel and Certifying staff licensing
for Training Organizations requirements
In this document you will find the requirements for Aviation

Maintenance Organisation Approvals. The contents of the
EASA parts are furthermore elaborated in the Acceptable
Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance Material (GM).
2. Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) Pages with

blue bars
The Acceptable Means of Compliance describe the way in
which the regulations (IR) can be met and competent
authorities, organisations and personnel may use these to
demonstrate compliance with the provisions of the regulations
(IR).
3. Guidance Material Pages with light blue bars

The Guidance Material (GM) provides additional explanations,
examples and advice on the contents of the Implementing
Rules (IR) and Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC).
Navigation from the Basic Regulations to the Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance
Material is possible by the navigation bars displayed at the end of the subpart. Navigation from the
Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) or Guidance Material to the Implementing Rules, etc is also
possible by the navigation buttons.
>> Go to IR >> Go to AMC
>> Go to GM
>> Go to Contents
This
document also contains hyperlinks and references to other articles, paragraphs and
subparagraphs. A hyperlink or reference is indicated like this: reference in orange.
Part 145
How to use this document
Your feedback on the contents are very valuable to

us. Please contact us if you discover an error or if
you have any comments on the contents of this
document.
EASA part 145 is continuously subjected to
changes. We offer the opportunity to subscribe to
updates to this document. Once an amendment of
the EASA regulations is released, this document will
be updated.
If you are subscribed to updates to this document,
you will automatically receive an updated version.
With this subscription you or your organisation
comply with EASA 145.A.45 (f) and (g).
Our general terms and conditions are applicable to
this service.
Amendments and additions to the contents of the

regulations are indicated as follows:
1. new text is highlighted with grey shading:
new, deleted text is shown with a strike
through: deleted
2. Sidebars indicate where in the document

the changes have been implemented.
Part 145
Contents
CONTENTS
Article 1 Objective and scope

Article 2 Definitions
Article 3 Continuing airworthiness requirements
Article 4 Maintenance organisation approvals
Article 5 Certifying staff
Article 6 Training organisation requirements
Article 7 Entry into force
Article 8 Agency measures
145.1 General
- AMC 145.1
- GM 145.1
SECTION A - TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
145.A.10 Scope
- AMC 145.A.10 Scope
- GM 145.A.10 Scope
145.A.15 Application
- AMC 145.A.15 Application
- GM 145.A.15 Application
145.A.20 Terms of approval
- AMC 145.A.20 Terms of Approval
- GM 145.A.20 Terms of Approval
145.A.25 Facility requirements
- AMC 145.A.25 (a) Facility requirements
- AMC 145.A.25 (b) Facility requirements
- AMC 145.A.25 (d) Facility requirements
- GM 145.A.25 Facility requirements
145.A.30 Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (a) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (b) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (c) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (d) Personnel requirements
- AMC 1 145.A.30 (e) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (f) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (g) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (h) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (j)(4) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(i) Personnel requirements
- AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(ii) Personnel requirements
- GM 1 145.A.30 (e) Personnel requirements
(Training syllabus for initial human factors training)
- GM 2 145.A.30 (e) Competence assessment procedure
- GM 3 145.A.30 (e) Template for recording experience/training
- GM 145.A.30 (j)(4) Personnel requirements (Flight crew)
145.A.35 Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (a) Certifying staff and support staff
Part 145
Contents
- AMC 145.A.35 (b) Certifying staff and support staff

- AMC 145.A.35 (c) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (d) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (e) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (f) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (j) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (n) Certifying staff and support staff
- AMC 145.A.35 (o) Certifying staff and support staff
- GM 145.A.35 Certifying staff and support staff
145.A.40 Equipment, tools and material
- AMC 145.A.40 (a) Equipment, tools and material
- AMC 145.A.40 (b) Equipment, tools and material
- GM 145.A.40 Equipment, tools and material
145.A.42 Acceptance of components
- AMC 145.A.42 (a) Acceptance of components
- AMC 145.A.42 (b) Acceptance of components
- AMC 145.A.42 (c) Acceptance of components
- AMC 145.A.42 (d) Acceptance of components
- GM 145.A.42 Acceptance of components
145.A.45 Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (b) Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (c) Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (d) Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (e) Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (f) Maintenance data
- AMC 145.A.45 (g) Maintenance data
- GM 145.A.45 Maintenance data
145.A.47 Production planning
- AMC 145.A.47 (a) Production planning
- AMC 145.A.47 (b) Production planning
- AMC 145.A.47 (c) Production planning
- GM 145.A.47 Production planning
145.A.50 Certification of maintenance
- AMC 145.A.50 (a) Certification of maintenance
- AMC 145.A.50 (b) Certification of maintenance
- AMC No 1 to 145.A.50 (d) Certification of maintenance
- AMC No 2 to 145.A.50 (d) Certification of maintenance
- AMC 145.A.50 (e) Certification of maintenance
- AMC 145.A.50 (f) Certification of maintenance
- GM 145.A.50 (d) EASA form 1 Block remarks
145.A.55 Maintenance records
- AMC 145.A.55 (c) Maintenance records
- GM 145.A.55 (a) Maintenance records
145.A.60 Occurrence reporting
- AMC 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting
- AMC 145.A.60 (b) Occurrence reporting
- GM 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting
- GM 145.A.60 (c) Occurrence reporting
145.A.65 Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- AMC 145.A.65 (a) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- AMC 145.A.65 (b) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- AMC 145.A.65 (b)(2) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
Part 145
Contents
- AMC 145.A.65 (b)(3) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- AMC 145.A.65 (c)(1) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- AMC 145.A.65 (c)(2) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
- GM 145.A.65 (c)(1)Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
145.A.70 Maintenance organisation exposition
- AMC 145.A.70 (a) Maintenance organisation exposition
- GM 145.A.70 (a) Maintenance organisation exposition
145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation
- AMC 145.A.75 (b) Privileges of the organisation
- GM 145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation
145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
- AMC 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
- GM 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
- AMC 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
- GM 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
145.A.90 Continued validity
- AMC 145.A.90 Continued validity
- GM 145.A.90 Continued validity
145.A.95 Findings
- AMC 145.A.95 Findings
- GM 145.A.95 Findings
SECTION B - PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
145.B.1 Scope
- AMC 145.B.01 Scope
- GM 145.B.01 Scope
145.B.10 Competent authority
- AMC 145.B.10 (1) Competent authority General
- AMC 145.B.10 (3) Competent authority Qualification and training
- AMC 145.B.10 (4) Competent authority Procedures
- GM 145.B.10 Competent authority
145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
- AMC 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
- GM 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
145.B.20 Initial approval
- AMC 145.B.20 (1) Initial approval
- GM 145.B.20 Initial approval
145.B.25 Issue of approval
- AMC 145.B.25 (1) Issue of approval
- GM 145.B.25 Issue of approval
Part 145
Contents
145.B.30 Continuation of an approval

- AMC 145.B.30 (1) Continuation of an approval
- AMC 145.B.30 (2) Continuation of an approval
- GM 145.B.30 Continuation of an approval
145.B.35 Changes
- AMC 145.B.35 Changes
- AMC 145.B.35 (1) Changes
- AMC 145.B.35 (2) Changes to the organisation
- GM 145.B.35 Changes
145.B.40 Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition
- AMC 145.B.40 MOE amendments
- GM 145.B.40 Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition
145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
- AMC 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
- GM 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
145.B.50 Findings
- AMC 145.B.50 (a) Findings
- AMC 145.B.50 (b) Findings
- GM 145.B.50 Findings
145.B.55 Record-keeping
- AMC 145.B.55 Record-keeping
- GM 145.B.55 Record-keeping
145.B.60 Exemptions
- AMC 145.B.60 Exemptions
- GM 145.B.60 Exemptions
APPENDICES TO THE IMPLEMENTING RULES
Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1
- AMC Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1
- GM Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1
Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of Maintenance Organisations referred to
in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part-145)
- AMC Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of Maintenance Organisations
referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part-145)
- GM Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of Maintenance Organisations
referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part-145)
Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II (Part-145)
- AMC to Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II (Part-145)
- GM Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II (Part-145)
Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) referred
to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
- AMC Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66)
referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
- GM Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66)
referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
Part 145
Contents
APPENDICES TO AMCs
- Appendix I to AMC 145.B.20 (1): EASA Form 4
- Appendix II to AMC 145.B.20 (5): EASA Form 6
- Appendix III to AMC 145.A.15 EASA Form 2
- Appendix IV to AMC 145.A.30 (e) and 145.B.10 (3)
Part 145
Article 1 Objective and Scope
Article 1 Objective and scope

1. This Regulation establishes common technical requirements and administrative
procedures for ensuring the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including any
component for installation thereto, which are:
(a) registered in a Member State; or
(b) registered in a third country and used by an operator for which a Member State
ensures oversight of operations.
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to aircraft the regulatory safety oversight of which has
been transferred to a third country and which are not used by a Community operator,
or to aircraft referred to in Annex II to the basic Regulation.
3. The provisions of this Regulation related to commercial air transport are applicable
to licensed air carriers as defined by Community law.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145
Article 2 Defenitions
Article 2 Definitions
Within the scope of the basic Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) aircraft means any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the
reactions of the air other than reactions of the air against the earth's surface;
(b) certifying staff means personnel responsible for the release of an aircraft or a
component after maintenance;
(c) component means any engine, propeller, part or appliance;
(d) continuing airworthiness means all of the processes ensuring that, at any time in
its operating life, the aircraft complies with the airworthiness requirements in force
and is in a condition for safe operation;
(e) JAA means Joint Aviation Authorities;
(f) JAR means Joint Aviation Requirements;
(g) large aircraft means an aircraft, classified as an aeroplane with a maximum
take-off mass of more than 5 700 kg, or a multi-engined helicopter;
(h) maintenance means any one or combination of overhaul, repair, inspection,
replacement, modification or defect rectification of an aircraft or component, with the
exception of pre-flight inspection;
(i) organisation means a natural person, a legal person or part of a legal person.
Such an organisation may be established at more than one location whether or not
within the territory of the Member States;
(j) pre-flight inspection means the inspection carried out before flight to ensure that
the aircraft is fit for the intended flight;
(k) ELA1 aircraft means the following European Light Aircraft:
(i) an aeroplane, sailplane or powered sailplane with a Maximum Take-off
Mass (MTOM) less than 1 000 kg that is not classified as complex motorpowered aircraft;
(ii) a balloon with a maximum design lifting gas or hot air volume of not more
than 3 400 m3 for hot air balloons, 1 050 m 3 for gas balloons, 300 m 3 for
tethered gas balloons;
(iii) an airship designed for not more than two occupants and a maximum
design lifting gas or hot air volume of not more than 2 500 m 3 for hot air
airships and 1 000 m3 for gas airships;
(l) LSA aircraft means a light sport aeroplane which has all of the following
characteristics:
Part 145
Article 2 Defenitions
(i) a Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) of not more than 600 kg;
(ii) a maximum stalling speed in the landing configuration (VS0) of not more
than 45 knots Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) at the aircrafts maximum certificated
take-off mass and most critical centre of gravity;
(iii) a maximum seating capacity of no more than two persons, including the
pilot;
(iv) a single, non-turbine engine fitted with a propeller;
(v) a non-pressurised cabin;
(m) principal place of business means the head office or the registered office of the
undertaking within which the principal financial functions and operational control of
the activities referred to in this Regulation are exercised.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

1. The continuing airworthiness of aircraft and components shall be ensured in
accordance with the provisions of Annex I.
2. Organisations and personnel involved in the continuing airworthiness of aircraft
and components, including maintenance, shall comply with the provisions of Annex I
and where appropriate those specified in Articles 4 and 5.
3. By derogation from paragraph 1, the continuing airworthiness of aircraft holding a
permit to fly shall be ensured on the basis of the specific continuing airworthiness
arrangements as defined in the permit to fly issued in accordance with the Annex
(Part 21) to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1702/2003.
4. For aircraft not used in commercial air transport, any airworthiness review
certificate or equivalent document issued in accordance with the Member State
requirements and valid on 28 September 2008 shall be valid until its expiration date
or until 28 September 2009, whichever comes first. After the expiration of its validity,
the competent authority may further re-issue or extend one time the airworthiness
review certificate or equivalent document for one year, if allowed by the Member
State requirements. Upon further expiration, the competent authority may further reissue or extend one more time the airworthiness review certificate or equivalent
document for one year, if allowed by the Member State requirements. No further reissuance or extension is allowed. If the provisions of this point have been used, when
transferring the registration of the aircraft within the EU, a new airworthiness review
certificate shall be issued in accordance with M.A.904.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

1. Organisations involved in the maintenance of large aircraft or of aircraft used for
commercial air transport, and components intended for fitment thereto, shall be
approved in accordance with the provisions of Annex II.
2. Maintenance approvals issued or recognised by a Member State in accordance
with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid before the entry into force of this
Regulation shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance with this Regulation.
For this purpose, by derogation from the provisions of 145.B.50(2) under Annex II,
level 2 findings associated with the differences between JAR 145 and Annex II may
be closed within one year. Certificates of release to service and authorised release
certificates issued by an organisation approved under JAA requirements during that
one-year period shall be deemed to have been issued under this Regulation.
3. Personnel qualified to carry out and/or control a continued airworthiness nondestructive test of aircraft structures and/or components, on the basis of any standard
recognised by a Member State prior to the entry into force of this Regulation as
providing an equivalent level of qualification, may continue to carry out and/or control
such tests.
4. Certificates of release to service and authorised release certificates issued before
the date of entry into force of this Regulation by a maintenance organisation
approved under the Member State requirements shall be deemed equivalent to those
required under points M.A.801 and M.A.802 of Annex I (Part-M) respectively.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

1. Certifying staff shall be qualified in accordance with the provisions of Annex III,
except as provided for in points M.A.606(h), M.A.607(b), M.A.801(d) and M.A.803 of
Annex I and in point 145.A.30(j) of Annex II (Part 145) and Appendix IV to Annex II
(Part 145).
2. Any aircraft maintenance licence and if any, the technical limitations associated
with that licence, issued or recognised by a Member State in accordance with the
JAA requirements and procedures and valid at the time of entry into force of this
Regulation, shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance with this Regulation.
3. Certifying staff holding a licence issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) in a
given category/sub-category are deemed to have the privileges described in point
66.A.20(a) of this Annex corresponding to such a category/sub-category. The basic
knowledge requirements corresponding to these new privileges shall be deemed as
met for the purpose of extending such licence to a new category/sub-category.
4. Certifying staff holding a licence including aircraft which do not require an
individual type rating may continue to exercise his/her privileges until the first renewal
or change, where the licence shall be converted following the procedure described in
point 66.B.125 of Annex III (Part-66) to the ratings defined in point 66.A.45 of this
Annex.
5. Conversion reports and Examination credit reports complying with the
requirements applicable before this Regulation applies shall be deemed to be in
compliance with this Regulation.
6. Until such time as this Regulation specifies requirements for certifying staff:
(i) for aircraft other than aeroplanes and helicopters;
(ii) for components;
the requirements in force in the relevant Member State shall continue to apply,
except for maintenance organisations located outside the European Union where the
requirements shall be approved by the Agency.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

1. Organisations involved in the training of personnel referred to in Article 5 shall be
approved in accordance with Annex IV to be entitled:
(a) to conduct recognised basic training courses; and/or
(b) to conduct recognised type training courses; and
(c) to conduct examinations; and
(d) to issue training certificates
2. Any maintenance training organisation approval issued or recognised by a
Member State in accordance with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid at
the time of entry into force of this Regulation shall be deemed to have been issued in
accordance with this Regulation. For this purpose, by derogation from the provisions
of 147.B.130(b) under Annex IV, level 2 findings associated with the differences
between JAR 147 and Annex IV may be closed within one year.
3. Basic training courses complying with the requirements applicable before this
Regulation applies may be started until 1 year after date by which this Regulation
applies. Basic knowledge examinations conducted as part of these courses may
comply with the requirements applicable before this Regulation applies.
4. Basic knowledge examinations complying with the requirements applicable before
this Regulation applies and conducted by the competent authority or conducted by a
maintenance training organisation approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147)
while not being part of a basic training course, may be conducted until 1 year after
the date by which this Regulation applies.
5. Type training courses and type examinations complying with the requirements
applicable before this Regulation applies shall be started and finished not later than 1
year after the date by which this Regulation applies.
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in
the Official Journal of the European Union.
2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1:
(a) the provisions of Annex I, except for points M.A.201(h)(2) and M.A.708(c), shall
apply from 28 September 2005;
(b) point M.A.201(f) of Annex I shall apply to aircraft not involved in commercial air
transport operated by third country carriers as from 28 September 2009.
3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1 and 2, Member States may elect not to
apply:
(a) the provisions of Annex I to aircraft not involved in commercial air transport, until
28 September 2009;
(b) the provisions of Annex I(I) to aircraft involved in commercial air transport, until
28 September 2008;
(c) the following provisions of Annex II, until 28 September 2006:
-
145.A.30(e), human factors elements,

145.A.30(g) as applicable to large aircraft with a maximum take-off mass of
more than 5 700 kg,
145.A.30(h)(1) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take- off mass of more
than 5 700 kg,
145.A.30(j)(1), Appendix IV,
145.A.30(j)(2), Appendix IV;
(d) the following provisions of Annex II, until 28 September 2008:

-
145.A.30(g) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off mass of 5 700 kg

or below,
145.A.30(h)(1) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take- off mass of 5
700 kg or below,
145.A.30(h)(2);
(e) the provisions of Annex III, as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off mass
above 5 700 kg until 28 September 2005;
(f) the provisions of Annex III, as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off mass
of 5 700 kg or below until 28 September 2006;
(g) for aircraft not involved in commercial air transport other than large aircraft, the
need to comply with Annex III (Part 66) in the following provisions, until 28
September 2011:
- M.A.606(g) and M.A.801(b)2 of Annex I (Part-M),
Part 145
145.A.30(g) and (h) of Annex II (Part-145).
(h) for the maintenance of piston-engine non-pressurised aeroplanes of 2 000 kg

MTOM and below not involved in commercial air transport:
(i) until 28 September 2012, the requirement for the competent authority to
issue aircraft maintenance licences in accordance with Annex III (Part-66), as
new or as converted pursuant to point 66.A.70 of this Annex;
(ii) until 28 September 2014, the requirement to have certifying staff qualified
in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) contained in the following provisions:
-
M.A.606(g) and M.A.801(b)2 of Annex I (Part-M),

145.A.30(g) and (h) of Annex II (Part-145);
(i) for the maintenance of ELA1 aeroplanes not involved in commercial air transport,
until 28 September 2015:
(i) the requirement for the competent authority to issue aircraft maintenance
licences in accordance with Annex III (Part-66), as new or as converted
pursuant to point 66.A.70 of this Annex;
(ii) the requirement to have certifying staff qualified in accordance with Annex
III (Part- 66) contained in the following provisions:
-
M.A.606(g) and M.A.801(b)2 of Annex I (Part-M),

145.A.30(g) and (h) of Annex II (Part- 145).;
4. Member States may issue approvals with regard to Annex II and Annex IV of a
limited duration until 28 September 2007.
5. When a Member State makes use of the provisions of paragraphs 3 or 4 it shall
notify the Commission and the Agency.
6. The Agency shall make an evaluation of the implication of the provisions of Annex
I to this Regulation with a view to submitting an opinion to the Commission, including
possible amendments to it, before 28 March 2005.
7. By way of derogation from paragraph 1:
(a) the provisions of point M.A.706(k) of Annex I (Part-M) shall apply as from 28
September 2010;
(b) the provisions of point 7.7 of Appendix I to Annex III (Part-66) shall apply as from
28 September 2010;
(c) maintenance organisations approved in accordance with Section A of subpart F of
Annex I (Part-M) or Section A of Annex II (Part- 145) may continue to issue
Authorised Release Certificates by using the EASA Form 1 original issue, as laid
Part 145
down in Appendix II to the Annex I (Part-M) as well as Appendix I to the Annex II

(Part 145), until 28 September 2010;
(d) competent authorities may continue to issue certificates, previous issue, as laid
down in Appendices III, V and VI to Annex I (Part-M), Appendix III to Annex II (Part145), Appendix V to Annex III (Part-66) or Appendix II to Annex IV (Part-147) to
Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 in force prior to the entry into force of this regulation,
until 28 September 2010;
8. For the purpose of time limits contained in points 66.A.25, 66.A.30 and Appendix
III of Annex III (Part-66) related to basic knowledge examinations, basic experience,
theoretical type training and examinations, practical training and assessment, type
examinations and on the job training completed before this Regulation applies, the
origin of time shall be the date by which this Regulation applies.
9. The Agency shall submit an opinion to the Commission including proposals for a
simple and proportionate system for the licensing of certifying staff involved in the
maintenance of ELA1 aeroplanes as well as aircraft other than aeroplanes and
helicopters.
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Part 145

1. The Agency shall develop acceptable means of compliance (hereinafter called
AMC) that competent authorities, organisations and personnel may use to
demonstrate compliance with the provisions of the Annexes to this Regulation.
2. The AMC issued by the Agency shall neither introduce new requirements nor
alleviate the requirements of the Annexes to this Regulation.
3. Without prejudice to Articles 54 and 55 of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, when the
acceptable means of compliance issued by the Agency are used, the related
requirements of the Annexes to this Regulation shall be considered as met without
further demonstration.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member
States.
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Part 145
SECTION A TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
SECTION A
TECHNICAL REQUIRMENTS
Part 145
145.1 General
145.1 General
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:
1. for organisations having their principal place of business in a Member State, the
authority designated by that Member State, or;
2. for organisations having their principal place of business located in a third country,
the Agency.
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Part 145
AMC 145.1
AMC 145.1
A competent authority may be a ministry, a national aviation authority, or any aviation
body designated by the Member State and located within that Member State. A
Member State may designate more than one competent authority to cover different
areas of responsibility, as long as the designation decision contains a list of the
competencies of each authority and there is only one competent authority
responsible for each given area of responsibility.
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Part 145
GM 145.1
GM 145.1
None
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Part 145
145.A.10 Scope
145.A.10 Scope
This Section establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify for
the issue or continuation of an approval for the maintenance of aircraft and
components.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.10 Scope
AMC 145.A.10 Scope

1. Line Maintenance should be understood as any maintenance that is carried out
before flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flight.
(a) Line Maintenance may include:
-
Trouble shooting.
Defect rectification.
Component replacement with use of external test equipment if required.

Component replacement may include components such as engines and
propellers.
Scheduled maintenance and/or checks including visual inspections that

will detect obvious unsatisfactory conditions/discrepancies but do not
require extensive in depth inspection. It may also include internal
structure, systems and powerplant items which are visible through quick
opening access panels/doors.
Minor repairs and modifications which do not require extensive

disassembly and can be accomplished by simple means.
(b) For temporary or occasional cases (ADs, SBs) the Quality Manager may
accept base maintenance tasks to be performed by a line maintenance
organisation provided all requirements are fulfilled as defined by the
competent authority.
(c) Maintenance tasks falling outside these criteria are considered to be Base
Maintenance.
(d) Aircraft maintained in accordance with progressive type programmes
should be individually assessed in relation to this paragraph. In principle, the
decision to allow some progressive checks to be carried out should be
determined by the assessment that all tasks within the particular check can be
carried out safely to the required standards at the designated line maintenance
station.
2. Where the organisation uses facilities both inside and outside the Member State
such as satellite facilities, sub-contractors, line stations etc., such facilities may be
included in the approval without being identified on the approval certificate subject to
the maintenance organisation exposition identifying the facilities and containing
procedures to control such facilities and the competent authority being satisfied that
they form an integral part of the approved maintenance organisation.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.10 Scope
GM 145.A.10 Scope
This Guidance Material (GM) provides guidance on how the smallest organisations
satisfy the intent of Part-145:
1. By inference, the smallest maintenance organisation would only be involved in a
limited number of light aircraft, or aircraft components, used for commercial air
transport. It is therefore a matter of scale; light aircraft do not demand the same level
of resources, facilities or complex maintenance procedures as the large organisation.
2. It is recognised that a Part-145 approval may be required by two quite different
types of small organisations, the first being the light aircraft maintenance hangar, the
second being the component maintenance workshop, e.g. small piston engines, radio
equipment, etc.
3. Where only one person is employed (in fact having the certifying function and
others), these organisations approved under Part-145 may use the alternatives
provided in point 3.1 limited to the following:
Class A2
Class A3
Class A4
Class B2
Class C
Class D1
Base and Line maintenance of aeroplanes of 5700 kg and below (piston

engines only).
Base and Line maintenance of single-engined helicopters of less than
3175 kg.
Aircraft other than A1, A2 and A3
Piston engines with maximum output of less than 450 HP.
Components.
Non destructive Testing.
3.1
145.A.30 (b): The minimum requirement is for one full-time person who meets
the Part-66 requirements for certifying staff and holds the position of accountable
manager, maintenance engineer and is also certifying staff. No other person may
issue a certificate of release to service and therefore if absent, no maintenance may
be released during such absence
3.1.1 The quality monitoring function of 145.A.65(c) may be contracted to an
appropriate organisation approved under Part-145 or to a person with
appropriate technical knowledge and extensive experience of quality audits
employed on a part-time basis, with the agreement of the competent authority.
Note: Full-time for the purpose of Part-145 means not less than 35 hrs per
week except during vacation periods.
3.1.2 145.A.35. In the case of an approval based on one person using a
subcontracted quality monitoring arrangement, the requirement for a record of
certifying staff is satisfied by the submission to and acceptance by the
competent authority of the EASA Form 4. With only one person the
requirement for a separate record of authorisation is unnecessary because the
EASA Form 3 approval schedule defines the authorisation. An appropriate
statement, to reflect this situation, should be included in the exposition.
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GM 145.A.10 Scope
3.1.3 145.A.65(c). It is the responsibility of the contracted quality monitoring

organisation or person to make a minimum of 2 visits per 12 months and it is
the responsibility of this organisation or person to carry out such monitoring on
the basis of 1 pre-announced visit and 1 not announced visit to the
organisation. It is the responsibility of the organisation to comply with the
findings of the contracted quality monitoring organisation or the person.
CAUTION: it should be understood that if the contracted organisation or the
above mentioned person loses or gives up its approval, then the organisations
approval will be suspended.
4. Recommended operating procedure for a Part-145 approved maintenance
organisation based upon up to 10 persons involved in maintenance.
4.1
145.A.30 (b): The normal minimum requirement is for the employment
on a fulltime basis of two persons who meet the competent authorities
requirements for certifying staff, whereby one holds the position of
maintenance engineer and the other holds the position of quality audit
engineer.
Either person can assume the responsibilities of the accountable manager
providing that they can comply in full with the applicable elements of
145.A.30(a), but the maintenance engineer should be the certifying person to
retain the independence of the quality audit engineer to carry out audits.
Nothing prevents either engineer from undertaking maintenance tasks
providing that the maintenance engineer issues the certificate of release to
service.
The quality audit engineer should have similar qualifications and status to the
maintenance engineer for reasons of credibility, unless he/she has a proven
track-record in aircraft quality assurance, in which case some reduction in the
extent of maintenance qualifications may be permitted.
In cases where the competent authority agrees that it is not practical for the
organisation to nominate a postholder for the quality monitoring function, this
function may be contracted in accordance to paragraph 3.1.1.
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Part 145
An application for the issue or change of an approval shall be made to the competent
authority in a form and manner established by such authority.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.15 Application
AMC 145.A.15 Application

In a form and in a manner established by the competent authority means that the
application should be made on an EASA Form 2 (refer to Appendix III to AMC to
Part-145).
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Part 145
GM 145.A.15 Application
GM 145.A.15 Application
None
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Part 145
145.A.20 Terms of Approval
145.A.20 Terms of Approval

The organisation shall specify the scope of work deemed to constitute approval in its
exposition (Appendix IV to Annex I (Part-M) contains a table of all classes and
ratings).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.20 Terms of Approval
AMC 145.A.20 Terms of Approval

The following table identifies the ATA Specification 2200 chapter for the category C
component rating. If the maintenance manual (or equivalent document) does not
follow the ATA Chapters,the corresponding subjects still apply to the applicable C
rating.
CLASS
COMPONENTS
OTHER THAN
COMPLETE
ENGINES OR
APUs
RATING
C1 Air Cond & Press
C2 Auto Flight
C3 Comms and Nav
C4 Doors - Hatches
C5 Electrical Power & Lights
C6 Equipment
C7 Engine APU
C8 Flight Controls
C9 Fuel
C10 Helicopters - Rotors
C11 Helicopter - Trans
C12 Hydraulic Power
C13 Indicating/Recording
Systems
C14 Landing Gear
C15 Oxygen
C16 Propellers
C17 Pneumatic & Vacuum
C18 Protection ice/rain/fire
C19 Windows
C20 Structural
C21 Water Ballast
C22 Propulsion Augmentation
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ATA CHAPTER
21
22
23 - 34
52
24 33 - 85
25 - 38 - 44 45 - 50
49 - 71 - 72 - 73 - 74 - 75 - 76 77 - 78 - 79 -80 - 81 - 82 - 83
27 - 55 - 57.40 - 57.50 -57.60 57.70
28 - 47
62 - 64 - 66 - 67
63- 65
29
31-42-46
32
35
61
36-37
26-30
56
53 - 54 - 57.10 - 57.20 - 57.30
41
84
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Part 145
GM 145.A.20 Terms of Approval
GM 145.A.20 Terms of Approval

None
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Part 145

The organisation shall ensure that:
(a) Facilities are provided appropriate for all planned work, ensuring in particular,
protection from the weather elements. Specialised workshops and bays are
segregated as appropriate, to ensure that environmental and work area
contamination is unlikely to occur.
1. For base maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars are both available and
large enough to accommodate aircraft on planned base maintenance;
2. For component maintenance, component workshops are large enough to
accommodate the components on planned maintenance.
(b) Office accommodation is provided for the management of the planned work
referred to in paragraph (a), and certifying staff so that they can carry out their
designated tasks in a manner that contributes to good aircraft maintenance
standards.
(c) The working environment including aircraft hangars, component workshops and
office accommodation is appropriate for the task carried out and in particular special
requirements observed. Unless otherwise dictated by the particular task environment,
the working environment must be such that the effectiveness of personnel is not
impaired:
1. temperatures must be maintained such that personnel can carry out
required tasks without undue discomfort.
2. dust and any other airborne contamination are kept to a minimum and not
be permitted to reach a level in the work task area where visible
aircraft/component surface contamination is evident. Where dust/other
airborne contamination results in visible surface contamination, all susceptible
systems are sealed until acceptable conditions are re-established.
3. lighting is such as to ensure each inspection and maintenance task can be
carried out in an effective manner.
4. noise shall not distract personnel from carrying out inspection tasks. Where
it is impractical to control the noise source, such personnel are provided with
the necessary personal equipment to stop excessive noise causing distraction
during inspection tasks.
5. where a particular maintenance task requires the application of specific
environmental conditions different to the foregoing, then such conditions are
observed. Specific conditions are identified in the maintenance data.
6. the working environment for line maintenance is such that the particular
maintenance or inspection task can be carried out without undue distraction.
Therefore where the working environment deteriorates to an unacceptable
level in respect of temperature, moisture, hail, ice, snow, wind, light, dust/other
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airborne contamination, the particular maintenance or inspection tasks must

be suspended until satisfactory conditions are re- established.
(d) Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equipment, tools and
material. Storage conditions ensure segregation of serviceable components and
material from unserviceable aircraft components, material, equipment and tools. The
conditions of storage are in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to
prevent deterioration and damage of stored items. Access to storage facilities is
restricted to authorised personnel.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.25 (a) Facility requirements
AMC 145.A.25 (a) Facility requirements

1. Where the hangar is not owned by the organisation, it may be necessary to
establish proof of tenancy. In addition, sufficiency of hangar space to carry out
planned base maintenance should be demonstrated by the preparation of a projected
aircraft hangar visit plan relative to the maintenance programme. The aircraft hangar
visit plan should be updated on a regular basis.
2. Protection from the weather elements relates to the normal prevailing local
weather elements that are expected throughout any twelve month period. Aircraft
hangar and component workshop structures should prevent the ingress of rain, hail,
ice, snow, wind and dust etc. Aircraft hangar and component workshop floors should
be sealed to minimise dust generation.
3. For line maintenance of aircraft, hangars are not essential but it is recommended
that access to hangar accommodation be demonstrated for usage during inclement
weather for minor scheduled work and lengthy defect rectification.
4. Aircraft maintenance staff should be provided with an area where they may study
maintenance instructions and complete maintenance records in a proper manner.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.25 (b) Facility requirements
AMC 145.A.25 (b) Facility requirements

It is acceptable to combine any or all of the office accommodation requirements into
one office subject to the staff having sufficient room to carry out the assigned tasks.
In addition, as part of the office accommodation, aircraft maintenance staff should be
provided with an area where they may study maintenance instructions and complete
maintenance records in a proper manner.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.25 (d) Facility requirements
AMC 145.A.25 (d) Facility requirements

1. Storage facilities for serviceable aircraft components should be clean, well
ventilated and maintained at a constant dry temperature to minimise the effects of
condensation. Manufacturers storage recommendations should be followed for those
aircraft components identified in such published recommendations.
2. Storage racks should be strong enough to hold aircraft components and provide
sufficient support for large aircraft components such that the component is not
distorted during storage.
3. All aircraft components, wherever practicable, should remain packaged in
protective material to minimise damage and corrosion during storage.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.25 Facility requirements
GM 145.A.25 Facility requirements

None
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Part 145

(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager who has corporate
authority for ensuring that all maintenance required by the customer can be financed
and carried out to the standard required by this Part. The accountable manager shall:
1. ensure that all necessary resources are available to accomplish
maintenance in accordance with 145.A.65(b) to support the organisation
approval.
2. establish and promote the safety and quality policy specified in 145.A.65(a).
3. demonstrate a basic understanding of this Part.
(b) The organisation shall nominate a person or group of persons, whose
responsibilities include ensuring that the organisation complies with this Part. Such
person(s) shall ultimately be responsible to the accountable manager.
1. The person or persons nominated shall represent the maintenance
management structure of the organisation and be responsible for all functions
specified in this Part.
2. The person or persons nominated shall be identified and their credentials
submitted in a form and manner established by the competent authority.
3. The person or persons nominated shall be able to demonstrate relevant
knowledge, background and satisfactory experience related to aircraft or
component maintenance and demonstrate a working knowledge of this Part.
4. Procedures shall make clear who deputises for any particular person in the
case of lengthy absence of the said person.
(c) The accountable manager under paragraph (a) shall appoint a person with
responsibility for monitoring the quality system, including the associated feedback
system as required by 145.A.65(c). The appointed person shall have direct access to
the accountable manager to ensure that the accountable manager is kept properly
informed on quality and compliance matters.
(d) The organisation shall have a maintenance man-hour plan showing that the
organisation has sufficient staff to plan, perform, supervise, inspect and quality
monitor the organisation in accordance with the approval. In addition the organisation
shall have a procedure to reassess work intended to be carried out when actual staff
availability is less than the planned staffing level for any particular work shift or
period.
(e) The organisation shall establish and control the competence of personnel
involved in any maintenance, management and/or quality audits in accordance with a
procedure and to a standard agreed by the competent authority. In addition to the
necessary expertise related to the job function, competence must include an
understanding of the application of human factors and human performance issues
appropriate to that person's function in the organisation. Human factors means
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principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, operations and

maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system
components by proper consideration of human performance. Human performance
means human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and
efficiency of aeronautical operations.
(f) The organisation shall ensure that personnel who carry out and/or control a
continued airworthiness non-destructive test of aircraft structures and/or components
are appropriately qualified for the particular non-destructive test in accordance with
the European or equivalent Standard recognised by the Agency. Personnel who
carry out any other specialised task shall be appropriately qualified in accordance
with officially recognised Standards. By derogation to this paragraph those personnel
specified in paragraphs (g) and (h)(1) and (h)(2), qualified in category B1 or B3 in
accordance with Annex III (Part-66) may carry out and/or control colour contrast dye
penetrant tests.
g) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in point (j),
shall in the case of aircraft line maintenance, have appropriate aircraft rated certifying
staff qualified as category B1, B2, B3, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III
(Part-66) and point 145.A.35.
In addition such organisations may also use appropriately task trained certifying staff
holding the privileges described in points 66.A.20(a)(1) and 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) and
qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35 to carry out minor
scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectification. The availability of such
certifying staff shall not replace the need for category B1, B2, B3 certifying staff, as
appropriate.
(h) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in paragraph
shall:
1. in the case of base maintenance of large aircraft, have appropriate aircraft
type rated certifying staff qualified as category C in accordance with Part- 66
and 145.A.35. In addition the organisation shall have sufficient aircraft type
rated staff qualified as category B1, B2 as appropriate in accordance with
Part- 66 and 145.A.35 to support the category C certifying staff.
(i) B1 and B2 support staff shall ensure that all relevant tasks or inspections
have been carried out to the required standard before the category C certifying
staff issues the certificate of release to service.
(ii) The organisation shall maintain a register of any such B1 and B2 support
staff.
(iii) The category C certifying staff shall ensure that compliance with paragraph
(i) has been met and that all work required by the customer has been
accomplished during the particular base maintenance check or work package,
and shall also assess the impact of any work not carried out with a view to
either requiring its accomplishment or agreeing with the operator to defer such
work to another specified check or time limit.
Part 145
2. in the case of base maintenance of aircraft other than large aircraft have
either:
(i) appropriate aircraft rated certifying staff qualified as category B1, B2, B3, as
appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35; or
(ii) appropriate aircraft rated certifying staff qualified in category C assisted by
support staff as specified in point 145.A.35(a)(i).
(i) Component certifying staff shall comply with Part-66.
(j) By derogation to paragraphs (g) and (h), in relation to the obligation to comply with
Annex III (Part-66), the organisation may use certifying staff qualified in accordance
with the following provisions:
1. For organisation facilities located outside the Community territory certifying
staff may be qualified in accordance with the national aviation regulations of
the State in which the organisation facility is registered subject to the
conditions specified in Appendix IV to this Part.
2. For line maintenance carried out at a line station of an organisation which is
located outside the Community territory, the certifying staff may be qualified in
accordance with the national aviation regulations of the State in which the line
station is based, subject to the conditions specified in Appendix IV to this Part.
3. For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which specifically states
that the flight crew may carry out such airworthiness directive, the organisation
may issue a limited certification authorisation to the aircraft commander and/or
the flight engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence held. However, the
organisation shall ensure that sufficient practical training has been carried out
to ensure that such aircraft commander or flight engineer can accomplish the
airworthiness directive to the required standard.
4. In the case of aircraft operating away from a supported location the
organisation may issue a limited certification authorisation to the commander
and/or the flight engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence held subject to
being satisfied that sufficient practical training has been carried out to ensure
that the commander or flight engineer can accomplish the specified task to the
required standard. The provisions of this paragraph shall be detailed in an
exposition procedure.
5. In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grounded at a
location other than the main base where no appropriate certifying staff are
available, the organisation contracted to provide maintenance support may
issue a one-off certification authorisation:
(i) to one of its employees holding equivalent type authorisations on aircraft of
similar technology, construction and systems; or
Part 145
(ii) to any person with not less than five years maintenance experience and
holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance licence rated for the aircraft type
requiring certification provided there is no organisation appropriately approved
under this Part at that location and the contracted organisation obtains and
holds on file evidence of the experience and the licence of that person.
All such cases as specified in this subparagraph shall be reported to the competent
authority within seven days of the issuance of such certification authorisation. The
organisation issuing the one-off authorisation shall ensure that any such
maintenance that could affect flight safety is re-checked by an appropriately
approved organisation.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (a) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (a) Personnel requirements

With regard to the accountable manager, it is normally intended to mean the chief
executive officer of the approved maintenance organisation, who by virtue of position
has overall (including in particular financial) responsibility for running the
organisation. The accountable manager may be the accountable manager for more
than one organisation and is not required to be necessarily knowledgeable on
technical matters as the maintenance organisation exposition defines the
maintenance standards. When the accountable manager is not the chief executive
officer the competent authority will need to be assured that such an accountable
manager has direct access to chief executive officer and has a sufficiency of
maintenance funding allocation.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (b) Personnel requirements

1. Dependent upon the size of the organisation, the Part-145 functions may be
subdivided under individual managers or combined in any number of ways.
2. The organisation should have, dependent upon the extent of approval, a base
maintenance manager, a line maintenance manager, a workshop manager and a
quality manager, all of whom should report to the accountable manager except in
small Part-145 organisation where anyone manager may also be the accountable
manager, as determined by the competent authority, he/she may also be the line
maintenance manager or the workshop manager.
3. The base maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all maintenance
required to be carried out in the hangar, plus any defect rectification carried out
during base maintenance, is carried out to the design and quality standards specified
in 145.A.65(b). The base maintenance manager is also responsible for any corrective
action resulting from the quality compliance monitoring of 145.A.65(c).
4. The line maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all maintenance
required to be carried out on the line including line defect rectification is carried out to
the standards specified in 145.A.65(b) and also responsible for any corrective action
resulting from the quality compliance monitoring of 145.A.65(c).
5. The workshop manager is responsible for ensuring that all work on aircraft
components is carried out to the standards specified in 145.A.65(b) and also
responsible for any corrective action resulting from the quality compliance monitoring
of 145.A.65(c).
6. The quality managers responsibility is specified in 145.A.30(c).
7. Notwithstanding the example sub-paragraphs 2 6 titles, the organisation may
adopt any title for the foregoing managerial positions but should identify to the
competent authority the titles and persons chosen to carry out these functions.
8. Where an organisation chooses to appoint managers for all or any combination of
the identified Part-145 functions because of the size of the undertaking, it is
necessary that these managers report ultimately through either the base
maintenance manager or line maintenance manager or workshop manager or quality
manager, as appropriate, to the accountable manager.
NOTE: Certifying staff may report to any of the managers specified depending upon
which type of control the approved maintenance organisation uses (for example
licensed engineers/independent inspection/dual function supervisors etc.) so long as
the quality compliance monitoring staff specified in 145.A.65(c)(1) remain
independent.
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AMC 145.A.30 (c) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (c) Personnel requirements

Monitoring the quality system includes requesting remedial action as necessary by
the accountable manager and the nominated persons referred to in 145.A.30 (b).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (d) Personnel requirements

1. Has sufficient staff means that the organisation employs or contracts competent
staff, as detailed in the man-hour plan, of which at least half the staff that perform
maintenance in each workshop, hangar or flight line on any shift should be employed
to ensure organisational stability. For the purpose of meeting a specific operational
necessity, a temporary increase of the proportion of contracted staff may be
permitted to the organisation by the competent authority, in accordance with an
approved procedure which should describe the extent, specific duties, and
responsibilities for ensuring adequate organisation stability. For the purpose of this
subparagraph, employed means the person is directly employed as an individual by
the maintenance organisation approved under Part-145, whereas contracted means
the person is employed by another organisation and contracted by that organisation
to the maintenance organisation approved under Part-145.
2. The maintenance man-hour plan should take into account any all maintenance
activities carried out on aircraft / aircraft components from outside the Member State
and should also take into account all work carried out outside the scope of the Part145 approval.
The planned absence (for training, vacations, etc.) should be considered when
developing the man-hour plan.
3. The maintenance man-hour plan should relate to the anticipated maintenance

work load except that when the organisation cannot predict such workload, due to the
short term nature of its contracts, then such plan should be based upon the minimum
maintenance workload needed for commercial viability. Maintenance work load
includes all necessary work such as, but not limited to, planning, maintenance record
checks, production of worksheets/cards in paper or electronic form, accomplishment
of maintenance, inspection and the completion of maintenance records.
4. In the case of aircraft base maintenance, the maintenance man-hour plan should
relate to the aircraft hangar visit plan as specified in AMC 145.A.25 (a).
5. In the case of aircraft component maintenance, the maintenance man-hour plan
should relate to the aircraft component planned maintenance as specified in
145.A.25(a) (2).
6. The quality monitoring compliance function man-hours should be sufficient to meet
the requirement of 145.A.65(c) which means taking into account AMC 145.A.65(c).
Where quality monitoring staff perform other functions, the time allocated to such
functions needs to be taken into account in determining quality monitoring staff
numbers.
7. The maintenance man-hour plan should be reviewed at least every 3 months and
updated when necessary.
Part 145
8. Significant deviation from the maintenance man-hour plan should be reported

through the departmental manager to the quality manager and the accountable
manager for review. Significant deviation means more than a 25% shortfall in
available man-hours during a calendar month for any one of the functions specified in
145.A.30 (d).
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>> Go to AMC (a)

>> Go to AMC (b)
>> Go to AMC (c)
>> Go to AMC 1 (e)
>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
>> Go to AMC (f)
>> Go to AMC (g)
>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 1 145.A.30 (e) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (e) Personnel requirements

See also Appendix IV to AMC to 145.A.30 (e)
Competence should be defined as a measurable skill or standard of performance,
knowledge and understanding, taking into consideration attitude and behaviour. The
referenced procedure requires amongst others that planners, mechanics, specialised
services staff, supervisors, certifying staff and support staff, whether employed or
contracted, are assessed for competence before unsupervised work commences and
competence is controlled on a continuous basis.
Competence should be assessed by evaluation of:
-
on-the-job performance and/or testing of knowledge by appropriately

qualified personnel, and
records for basic, organisational, and/or product type and differences

training, and experience records.
Validation of the above could include a confirmation check with the organisation(s)
that issued such document(s). For that purpose, experience/training may be recorded
in a document such as a log book or based on the suggested template in GM 3 to
145.A.30(e).
As a result of this assessment, an individuals qualification should determine:
-
which level of ongoing supervision would be required or whether

unsupervised work could be permitted.
whether there is a need for additional training.
A record of such qualification and competence assessment should be kept.

This should include copies of all documents that attest to qualification, such as the
licence and/or any authorisation held, as applicable.
For a proper competence assessment of its personnel, the organisation should
consider that:
1. In accordance with the job function, adequate initial and recurrent training should
be provided and recorded to ensure continued competence so that it is maintained
throughout the duration of employment/contract.
2. All staff should be able to demonstrate knowledge of and compliance with the
maintenance organisation procedures, as applicable to their duties.
Part 145
3. All staff should be able to demonstrate an understanding of human factors and

human performance issues in relation with their job function and be trained as per
AMC 2 145.A.30 (e).
4. To assist in the assessment of competence and to establish the training needs
analysis, job descriptions are recommended for each job function in the organisation.
Job descriptions should contain sufficient criteria to enable the required competence
assessment.
5. Criteria should allow the assessment to establish that, among others (titles might
be different in each organisation):
-
Managers are able to properly manage the work output, processes,

resources and priorities described in their assigned duties and
responsibilities in a safe compliant manner in accordance with
regulations and organisation procedures.
Planners are able to interpret maintenance requirements into

maintenance tasks, and have an understanding that they have no
authority to deviate from the maintenance data.
Supervisors are able to ensure that all required maintenance tasks are
carried out and, where not completed or where it is evident that a
particular maintenance task cannot be carried out to the maintenance
data, then such problems will be reported to the 145.A.30(c) person for
appropriate action. In addition, for those supervisors, who also carry out
maintenance tasks, that they understand such tasks should not be
undertaken when incompatible with their management responsibilities.
Mechanics are able to carry out maintenance tasks to any standard

specified in the maintenance data and will notify supervisors of defects
or mistakes requiring rectification to re-establish required maintenance
standards.
Specialised services staff are able to carry out specialised maintenance

tasks to the standard specified in the maintenance data. They should
be able to communicate with supervisors and report accurately when
necessary.
Support staff are able to determine that relevant tasks or inspections

have been carried out to the required standard.
Certifying staff are able to determine when the aircraft or aircraft

component is ready to release to service and when it should not be
released to service.
Quality audit staff are able to monitor compliance with Part-145

identifying non-compliance in an effective and timely manner so that the
organisation may remain in compliance with Part-145.
Part 145
Competence assessment should be based upon the procedure specified in GM 2 to

145.A.30(e).
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>> Go to AMC (a)

>> Go to AMC (b)
>> Go to AMC (c)
>> Go to AMC (d)
>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
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>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145

In respect to the understanding of the application of human factors and human
performance issues, all maintenance organisation personnel should have received
an initial and continuation human factors training. This should concern to a minimum:
-
Post-holders, managers, supervisors;

Certifying staff, support staff and mechanics;
Technical support personnel such as planners, engineers, technical record
staff;
Quality control/assurance staff;
Specialised services staff;
Human factors staff/human factors trainers;
Store department staff, purchasing department staff;
Ground equipment operators.
1. Initial human factors training should cover all the topics of the training syllabus
specified in GM 145.A.30(e) either as a dedicated course or else integrated within
other training. The syllabus may be adjusted to reflect the particular nature of the
organisation. The syllabus may also be adjusted to meet the particular nature of work
for each function within the organisation. For example:
-
small organisations not working in shifts may cover in less depth subjects
related
to teamwork and communication;
planners may cover in more depth the scheduling and planning objective of
the syllabus and in less depth the objective of developing skills for shift
working.
All personnel, including personnel being recruited from any other organisation should
receive initial human factors training compliant with the organisations training
standards prior to commencing actual job function, unless their competence
assessment justifies that there is no need for such training. Newly directly employed
personnel working under direct supervision may receive training within 6 months after
joining the maintenance organisation.
2. The purpose of human factors continuation training is primarily to ensure that staff
remain current in terms of human factors and also to collect feedback on human
factors issues. Consideration should be given to the possibility that such training has
the involvement of the quality department. There should be a procedure to ensure
that feedback is formally passed from the trainers to the quality department to initiate
action where necessary.
Human factors continuation training should be of an appropriate duration in each two
year period in relation to relevant quality audit findings and other internal/external
sources of information on human errors in maintenance available to the organisation.
3. Human factors training may be conducted by the maintenance organisation itself,
or independent trainers, or any training organisations acceptable to the competent
authority.
Part 145
4. The human factors training procedures should be specified in the maintenance

organisation exposition.
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>> Go to GM 1(e)
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>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to AMC (c)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to AMC (d)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC 1 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
>> Go to AMC (f)
>> Go to AMC (g)
>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)
>> Go to Contents
Part 145

Additional training in fuel tank safety as well as associated inspection standards and
maintenance procedures should be required for maintenance organisations technical
personnel, especially technical personnel involved in the compliance of CDCCL
tasks. EASA guidance is provided for training to maintenance organisation personnel
in Appendix IV to AMC to 145.A.30(e) and 145.B.10(3).
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>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145

Competence assessment should include the verification for the need of additional
EWIS training when relevant. EASA guidance is provided for EWIS training
programme to maintenance organisation personnel in AMC 20-22.
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>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (f) Personnel requirements

1. Continued airworthiness non-destructive testing means such testing specified by
the type certificate holder /aircraft or engine or propeller manufacturer in accordance
with the maintenance data as specified in 145.A.45 for in service aircraft/aircraft
components for the purpose of determining the continued fitness of the product to
operate safely.
2. Appropriately qualified means to Level 1, 2 or 3 as defined by the European
Standard EN 4179 dependant upon the non destructive testing function to be carried
out.
3. Notwithstanding the fact that Level 3 personnel may be qualified via EN 4179 to
establish and authorise methods, techniques, etc., this does not permit such
personnel to deviate from methods and techniques published by the type certificate
holder/ manufacturer in the form of continued airworthiness data, such as in nondestructive test manuals or service bulletins, unless the manual or service bulletin
expressly permits
such deviation.
4. Notwithstanding the general references in EN 4179 to a national aerospace non
destructive testing (NDT) board, all examinations should be conducted by personnel
or organisations under the general control of such a board. In the absence of a
national aerospace NDT board, the aerospace NDT board of another Member State
should be used, as defined by the competent authority.
5. Particular non-destructive test means any one or more of the following; Dye
penetrant, magnetic particle, eddy current, ultrasonic and radiographic methods
including X ray and gamma ray.
6. It should be noted that new methods are and will be developed, such as, but not
limited to thermography and shearography, which are not specifically addressed by
EN 4179. Until the time this agreed standard is established, such methods should be
carried out in accordance with the particular equipment manufacturers
recommendations including any training and examination process to ensure
competence of the personnel in the process.
7. Any maintenance organisation approved under Part-145 that carries out NDT
should establish NDT specialist qualification procedures detailed in the exposition
and accepted by the competent authority.
8. Boroscoping and other techniques such as delamination coin tapping are non
destructive inspections rather than non destructive testing. Notwithstanding such
differentiation, the maintenance organisation should establish an exposition
procedure accepted by the competent authority to ensure that personnel who carry
out and interpret such inspections are properly trained and assessed for their
competence in the process. Non destructive inspections, not being considered as
NDT by Part-145 are not listed in Appendix II under class rating D1.
9. The referenced standards, methods, training and procedures should be specified
in the maintenance organisation exposition.
Part 145
10. Any such personnel who intend to carry out and/or control a non-destructive test
for which they were not qualified prior to the effective date of Part-145 should qualify
for such non-destructive test in accordance with EN 4179.
11. In this context officially recognised standard means those standards established
or published by an official body whether having legal personality or not, which are
widely recognised by the air transport sector as constituting good practice.
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>> Go to AMC (d)
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>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
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>> Go to AMC (h)
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>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (g) Personnel requirements

1. For the purposes of category A 66.A.20(a)(1) and 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) personnel,minor
scheduled line maintenance means any minor scheduled inspection/check up to and
including a weekly check specified in the operators approved aircraft maintenance
programme. For aircraft maintenance programmes that do not specify a weekly
check, the competent authority will determine the most significant check that is
considered equivalent to a weekly check.
2. Typical tasks permitted after appropriate task training to be carried out by the
category A 66.A.20(a)(1) and the 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) personnel for the purpose of the
category A these personnel issuing an aircraft certificate of release to service as
specified in 145.A.50 as part of minor scheduled line maintenance or simple defect
rectification are contained in the following list:
a. Replacement of wheel assemblies.
b. Replacement of wheel brake units.
c. Replacement of emergency equipment.
d. Replacement of ovens, boilers and beverage makers.
e. Replacement of internal and external lights, filaments and flash tubes.
f. Replacement of windscreen wiper blades.
g. Replacement of passenger and cabin crew seats, seat belts and harnesses.
h. Closing of cowlings and refitment of quick access inspection panels.
i. Replacement of toilet system components but excluding gate valves.
j. Simple repairs and replacement of internal compartment doors and placards but
excluding doors forming part of a pressure structure.
k. Simple repairs and replacement of overhead storage compartment doors and
cabin furnishing items.
l. Replacement of static wicks.
m. Replacement of aircraft main and APU aircraft batteries.
n. Replacement of inflight entertainment system components but excluding other than
public address.
o. Routine lubrication and replenishment of all system fluids and gases.
p. The de-activation only of sub-systems and aircraft components as permitted by the
operators minimum equipment list where such de-activation is agreed by the
competent authority as a simple task.
Part 145
q. Inspection for and removal of de-icing/anti-icing fluid residues, including removal/

closure of panels, cowls or covers or the use of special tools.
r. Replacement of any other component as agreed by the competent authority for a
particular aircraft type only where it is agreed that the task is simple.
Any other task agreed by the competent authority as a simple task for a particular
aircraft type. This may include defect deferment when all the following conditions are
met:
There is no need for troubleshooting; and

The task is in the MEL; and
The maintenance action required by the MEL is agreed by the competent
authority to be simple.
In the particular case of helicopters, and in addition to the items above, the following:
s. removal and installation of Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) simple
internal medical equipment.
t. removal and installation of external cargo provisions (i.e., external hook, mirrors)
other than the hoist.
u. removal and installation of quick release external cameras and search lights.
v. removal and installation of emergency float bags, not including the bottles.
w. removal and installation of external doors fitted with quick release attachments.
x. removal and installation of snow pads/skid wear shoes/slump protection pads.
NOTE: This list will be periodically updated in the light of ongoing experience and
technological changes.
No task which requires troubleshooting should be part of the authorised maintenance
actions. Release to service after rectification of deferred defects should be permitted
as long as the task is listed above.
3. The requirement of having appropriate aircraft rated certifying staff qualified as
category B1, B2, B3, as appropriate, in the case of aircraft line maintenance does not
imply that the organisation must have B1, B2 and B3 personnel at every line station.
The MOE should have a procedure on how to deal with defects requiring B1, B2 or
B3 certifying staff.
4. The competent authority may accept that in the case of aircraft line maintenance
an organisation has only B1, B2 or B3 certifying staff, as appropriate, provided that
the competent authority is satisfied that the scope of work, as defined in the
Maintenance Organisation Exposition, does not need the availability of all B1, B2 and
B3 certifying staff. Special attention should be taken to clearly limit the scope of
Part 145
scheduled and nonscheduled line maintenance (defect rectification) to only those

tasks that can be certified by the available certifying staff category.
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>> Go to AMC (b)
>> Go to AMC (c)
>> Go to AMC (d)
>> Go to AMC 1 (e)
>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
>> Go to AMC (f)
>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (h) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (h) Personnel requirements

In accordance with 145.A.30(h) and 145.A.35, the qualification requirements (basic
licence, aircraft ratings, recent experience and continuation training) are identical for
certifying staff and for support staff. The only difference is that support staff cannot
hold certification privileges when performing this role since during base maintenance
the release to service will be issued by category C certifying staff.
Nevertheless, the organisation may use as support staff (for base maintenance)
persons who already hold certification privileges for line maintenance.
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>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
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>> Go to AMC (g)
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>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (j)(4) Personnel requirements

1. For the issue of a limited certification authorisation the commander or flight
engineer should hold either a valid air transport pilots license (ATPL), commercial
pilots license (CPL) or flight engineer (F/EL) licence in accordance with JAR-FCL, or
a national equivalent acceptable to the competent authority on the aircraft type. In
addition the limited certification authorisation is subject to the maintenance
organisation exposition containing procedures to address the personnel requirements
of 145.A.30 (e) and associated AMC and guidance material.
Such procedures should include as a minimum:
a. Completion of adequate maintenance airworthiness regulation training.
b. Completion of adequate task training for the specific task on the aircraft. The task
training should be of sufficient duration to ensure that the individual has a thorough
understanding of the task to be completed and will involve training in the use of
associated maintenance data.
c. Completion of the procedural training as specified in Part-145. The above
procedures should be specified in the maintenance organisation exposition and be
accepted by the competent authority.
2. (i) Typical tasks that may be certified and/or carried out by the commander
holding an ATPL or CPL are minor maintenance or simple checks included in
the following list:
a. Replacement of internal lights, filaments and flash tubes.
b. Closing of cowlings and refitment of quick access inspection panels.
c. Role changes e.g. stretcher fit, dual controls, FLIR, doors,
photographic equipment etc.
d. Inspection for and removal of de-icing/anti-icing fluid residues,
including removal/ closure of panels, cowls or covers that are easily
accessible but not requiring the use of special tools.
e. Any check / replacement involving simple techniques consistent with
this AMC and as agreed by the competent authority.
2. (ii) Holders of a valid JAR FCL Flight engineers licence, or a national
equivalent acceptable to the competent authority, on the aircraft type may only
exercise this limited certification authorisation privilege when performing the
duties of a flight engineer.
In addition to paragraph 2(i)(a) to (e) other typical minor maintenance or
simple defect rectification tasks that may be carried out are included in the
following list:
a. Replacement of wheel assemblies.
Part 145
b. Replacement of simple emergency equipment that is easily

accessible.
c. Replacement of ovens, boilers and beverage makers.
d. Replacement of external lights.
e. Replacement of passenger and cabin crew seats, seat belts and
harnesses.
f. Simple replacement of overhead storage compartment doors and
cabin furnishing items.
g. Replacement of static wicks.
h. Replacement of aircraft main and APU aircraft batteries.
i. Replacement of inflight entertainment system components but
excluding other than public address.
j. The de-activation only of sub-systems and aircraft components as
permitted by the operators minimum equipment list where such deactivation is agreed by the competent authority as a simple task.
k. Re-setting of tripped circuit breakers under the guidance of
maintenance control.
l. Any other simple task as agreed by the competent authority for a
particular aircraft type only where it is agreed that the task is simple.
Any other task agreed by the competent authority as a simple task for a
particular aircraft type.
3. The authorisation should have a finite life of twelve months subject to satisfactory
re-current training on the applicable aircraft type.
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>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
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>> Go to GM 2(e)
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Part 145

1. For the purposes of this sub-paragraph unforeseen means that the aircraft
grounding could not reasonably have been predicted by the operator because the
defect was unexpected due to being part of a hitherto reliable system.
2. A one-off authorisation should only be considered for issue by the quality
department of the contracted organisation after it has made a reasoned judgement
that such a requirement is appropriate under the circumstances and at the same time
maintaining the required airworthiness standards. The organisations quality
department will need to assess each situation individually prior to the issuance of a
one-off
authorisation
3. A one-off authorisation should not be issued where the level of certification
required could exceed the knowledge and experience level of the person it is issued
to. In all cases, due consideration should be given to the complexity of the work
involved and the availability of required tooling and/or test equipment needed to
complete the work.
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>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
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>> Go to AMC (g)
>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(i) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(i) Personnel requirements

In those situations where the requirement for a one-off authorisation to issue a CRS
for a task on an aircraft type for which certifying staff does not hold a type-rated
authorisation has been identified, the following procedure is recommended:
1. Flight crew should communicate full details of the defect to the operators
supporting maintenance organisation. If necessary, the supporting
maintenance organisation will then request the use of a one-off authorisation
from the quality department.
2. When issuing a one-off authorisation, the quality department of the
organisation should verify that:
a) Full technical details relating to the work required to be carried out
have been established and passed on to the certifying staff.
b) The organisation has an approved procedure in place for
coordinating and controlling the total maintenance activity undertaken at
the location under the authority of the one-off authorisation.
c) The person to whom a one-off authorisation is issued has been
provided with all the necessary information and guidance relating to
maintenance data and any special technical instructions associated with
the specific task undertaken. A detailed step by step worksheet has
been defined by the organisation, communicated to the one-off
authorisation holder.
d) The person holds authorisations of equivalent level and scope on
other aircraft type of similar technology, construction and systems.
3. The one-off authorisation holder should sign off the detailed step by step
worksheet when completing the work steps. The completed tasks should be verified
by visual examination and/or normal system operation upon return to an
appropriately approved Part-145 maintenance facility.
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>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
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>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
>> Go to GM 3(e)
>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(ii) Personnel requirements
AMC 145.A.30 (j)(5)(ii) Personnel requirements

This paragraph addresses staff not employed by the maintenance organisation who
meet the requirements of 145.A.30 (j) (5). In addition to the items listed in AMC
145.A.30 (j) (5) (i), paragraph 1, 2(a), (b) and (c) and 3 the quality department of the
organisation may issue such one-off authorisation providing full qualification details
relating to the proposed certifying personnel are verified by the quality department
and made available at the location.
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>> Go to AMC 2 (e)
>> Go to AMC 3 (e)
>> Go to AMC 4 (e)
>> Go to AMC (f)
>> Go to AMC (g)
>> Go to AMC (h)
>> Go to AMC (j)(4)
>> Go to AMC (j)(5)

>> Go to GM 2(e)
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>> Go to GM (j)(4)
Part 145
GM 1 145.A.30 (e) Personnel requirements

(Training Sylabus for initial Human Factors Training)
The training syllabus below identifies the topics and subtopics to be addressed
during the human factors training.
The maintenance organisation may combine, divide, change the order of any subject
of the syllabus to suit its own needs, as long as all subjects are covered to a level of
detail appropriate to the organisation and its personnel.
Some of the topics may be covered in separate training (health and safety,
management, supervisory skills, etc.) in which case duplication of training is not
necessary.
Where possible, practical illustrations and examples should be used, especially
accident and incident reports.
Topics should be related to existing legislation, where relevant. Topics should be
related to existing guidance/advisory material, where relevant (eg. ICAO HF Digests
and Training Manual).
Topics should be related to maintenance engineering where possible; too much
unrelated theory should be avoided.
1
General/Introduction to human factors

1.1 Need to address human factors
1.2 Statistics
1.3 Incidents
Safety Culture/Organisational factors
Human Error
3.1 Error models and theories
3.2 Types of errors in maintenance tasks
3.3 Violations
3.4 Implications of errors
3.5 Avoiding and managing errors
3.6 Human reliability
Human performance & limitations

4.1 Vision
4.2 Hearing
4.3 Information-processing
4.4 Attention and perception
4.5 Situational awareness
4.6 Memory
4.7 Claustrophobia and physical access
4.8 Motivation
4.9 Fitness/Health
4.10 Stress
4.11 Workload management
4.12 Fatigue
4.13 Alcohol, medication, drugs
4.14 Physical work
4.15 Repetitive tasks/complacency
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Environment
5.1 Peer pressure
5.2 Stressors
5.3 Time pressure and deadlines
5.4 Workload
5.5 Shift Work
5.6 Noise and fumes
5.7 Illumination
5.8 Climate and temperature
5.9 Motion and vibration
5.10 Complex systems
5.11 Hazards in the workplace
5.12 Lack of manpower
5.13 Distractions and interruptions
Procedures, information, tools and practices

6.1 Visual Inspection
6.2 Work logging and recording
6.3 Procedure practice/mismatch/norms
6.4 Technical documentation access and quality
Communication
7.1 Shift/Task handover
7.2 Dissemination of information
7.3 Cultural differences
Teamwork
8.1 Responsibility
8.2 Management, supervision and leadership
8.3 Decision making
Professionalism and integrity

9.1 Keeping up to date; currency
9.2 Error provoking behaviour
9.3 Assertiveness
10
Organisations HF program
10.1 Reporting errors
10.2 Disciplinary policy
10.3 Error investigation
10.4 Action to address problems
10.5 Feedback
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Part 145
GM 2 145.A.30 (e) Competence assessment procedure

The organisation should develop a procedure describing the process of competence
assessment of personnel. The procedure should specify:
-
persons responsible for this process,

when the assessment should take place,
credits from previous assessments,
validation of qualification records,
means and methods for the initial assessment,
means and methods for the continuous control of competence including
feedback on personnel performance,
competences to be observed during the assessment in relation with each job
function,
actions to be taken when assessment is not satisfactory,
recording of assessment results.
Knowledge of applicable officially recognised

standards
Knowledge of auditing techniques: planning, conducting
and reporting
Knowledge of human factors, human performance and
limitations
Knowledge of logistics processes
Knowledge of organisation capabilities, privileges and
limitations
Knowledge of Part-M, Part-145 and any other relevant
regulations
Knowledge of relevant parts of the maintenance
organisation exposition and procedures
Knowledge of occurrence reporting system and
understanding of the importance of reporting
occurrences, incorrect maintenance data and existing or
potential defects
Knowledge of safety risks linked to the working
environment
Knowledge on CDCCL when relevant
Knowledge on EWIS when relevant
Understanding of professional integrity, behaviour and
attitude towards safety
Understanding of conditions for ensuring continuing
airworthiness of aircraft and components
Understanding of his/her own human performance and
limitations
Understanding of personnel authorisations and
limitations
Understanding critical task
Ability to compile and control completed work cards
Quality audit staff
Specialised
Service staff
Mechanics
Certifying staff
and support staff
Supervisors
Planners
Managers
For example, according to the job functions and the scope, size and complexity of the
organisation, the assessment may consider the following (the table is not
exhaustive):
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Quality audit staff
Specialised
Service staff
Supervisors
Mechanics
Planners
Ability to consider human performance and

limitations.
Ability to determine required qualifications for task
performance
Ability to identify and rectify existing and potential unsafe
conditions
Ability to manage third parties involved in maintenance
activity
Ability to confirm proper accomplishment of maintenance
tasks
Ability to identify and properly plan performance of
critical task
Ability to prioritise tasks and report discrepancies
Ability to process the work requested by the operator
Ability to promote the safety and quality policy
Ability to properly process removed, uninstalled and
rejected parts
Ability to properly record and sign for work
accomplished
Ability to recognise the acceptability of parts to be
installed prior to fitment
Ability to split complex maintenance tasks into clear
stages
Ability to understand work orders, work cards and refer
to and use applicable maintenance data
Ability to use information systems
Ability to use, control and be familiar with required
tooling and/or equipment
Adequate communication and lieracy skills
Analytical and proven auditing skills (for example,
objectivity, fairness, open-mindedness, determination,
)
Maintenance error investigation skills
Resources management and production planning skills
Teamwork, decision-making and leadership skills
Certifying staff
and support staff
Managers
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X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Part 145
GM 3 145.A.30 (e) Template for recording experience/training

The following template may be used to record the professional experience gained in
an organisation and the training received and be considered during the competence
assessment of the individual in another organisation.
Aviation Maintenance personnel experience credential
Name
Given name
Address
Telephone
E-mail
Independent worker
Trade Group: airframe engine electric avionics other (specify)
Employers details (when applicable)
Name
Address
Telephone
Maintenance organisation details
Name
Address
Telephone
Approval Number
Period of employment
Domain of employment
Planning
Store department
Mechanics/Technician
Line Maintenance
Servicing
Scheduled Maintenance
Trouble-shooting
From:
Engineering
Purchasing
Technical records
Base Maintenance
Removal/installation
Inspection
Trouble-shooting
Repair
A/C type
Certifying Staff and support staff

Cat. A
Cat. B1
A/C Type
A/C Type
To:
Component Maintenance
Testing/inspection
Repair
Overhaul
Re-treatment
Reassembly
Component type
A/C type
Cat. B2
A/C Type
Cat. C
A/C Type
Component
Component type
Other (e.g NDT)

Specify
Certification privileges: Yes /No

Specialised services
Speciality (NDT, composites, welding, etc.):
Skilled personnel
Speciality (sheet metal, structures, wireman, upholstery, etc.):
Ground equipment operation

Quality control
Quality assurance
Training
Total number of check boxes ticked:
Details of employment
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Training received from the contracting organisation

Date:
Nature of training
Certified
by:
Name:
Nature of training
Position:
Signature:
Contact details:
Advisory note:
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A copy of the present credential will be kept for at least 3 years from
its issuance by the maintenance organisation.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.30 (j)(4) Personnel requirements
GM 145.A.30 (j)(4) Personnel requirements

1. For the holder of an ATPL or CPL issued in accordance with JAR FCL 1 or JAR
FCL 2 the theoretical knowledge and examination subjects are detailed in appendix 1
to JAR FCL 1.470 and appendix 1 to JAR FCL 2.470 and include the following
subjects:
-
Air law
Airframe/systems/powerplant
Instruments/electronics
Mass and balance
Performance
Flight planning and monitoring
Human performance and limitations
Meteorology
General navigation
Radio Navigation
Operational Procedures
Principles of Flight
VFR Communications
IFR Communications
2. For the holder of an JAR FCL F/EL, JAR FCL 4 subpart D gives details on the
theoretical and practical knowledge and skill requirements from which appendix 1 to
JAR FCL 4.160 Technical Training Course (TTC) details the following subjects:
(See JAR-FCL 4.160(b)(1))
Familiarisation with basic maintenance procedures, to give additional technical
background knowledge, especially with respect to the implication of systems
malfunctions, and to train the applicant in maintenance related to the Minimum
equipment list (MEL).
The theoretical knowledge instruction consists of 100 hours and includes the
following elements:
1. Airframe and systems
2. Electrics
3. Powerplant and emergency equipment
4. Flight instruments and automatic flight control systems
Practical skills training provided by an organisation approved under Part-145 is given
which includes 35 hours practical experience in the following subjects:
- Fuselage and flight controls,
- Engines,
- Instruments,
- Landing gear and brakes,
- Cabin/cockpit/emergency equipment,
- De-icing/anti-icing related maintenance activities,
- Ground handling and servicing,
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- Certificate of completion.
Following successful completion of the technical training, the training organisation
carrying out the theoretical knowledge instruction and/or the practical skill training
should provide the applicant with a certificate of satisfactory completion of the course,
or part thereof.
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Part 145

(a) In addition to the appropriate requirements of 145.A.30(g) and (h), the
organisation shall ensure that certifying staff and support staff have an adequate
understanding of the relevant aircraft and/or components to be maintained together
with the associated organisation procedures. In the case of certifying staff, this shall
be accomplished before the issue or re-issue of the certification authorisation.
(i) Support staff means those staff holding a Part-66 aircraft maintenance
licence in category B1, B2 and/or B3 with the appropriate aircraft ratings,
working in a base maintenance environment while not necessarily holding
certification privileges.
(ii) Relevant aircraft and/or components, means those aircraft or components
specified in the particular certification authorisation.
(iii) Certification authorisation means the authorisation issued to certifying
staff by the organisation and which specifies the fact that they may sign
certificates of release to service within the limitations stated in such
authorisation on behalf of the approved organisation.
(b) Excepting those cases listed in points 145.A.30(j) and 66.A.20(a)3(ii) the
organisation may only issue a certification authorisation to certifying staff in relation to
the basic categories or subcategories and any type rating listed on the aircraft
maintenance licence as required by Annex III (Part-66), subject to the licence
remaining valid throughout the validity period of the authorisation and the certifying
staff remaining in compliance with Annex III (Part-66).
(c) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and support staff are involved
in at least 6 months of actual relevant aircraft or component maintenance experience
in any consecutive 2-year period.
For the purpose of this paragraph involved in actual relevant aircraft or component
maintenance means that the person has worked in an aircraft or component
maintenance environment and has either exercised the privileges of the certification
authorisation and/or has actually carried out maintenance on at least some of the
aircraft type or aircraft group systems specified in the particular certification
authorisation.
(d) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and support staff receive
sufficient continuation training in each two year period to ensure that such staff have
up-to-date knowledge of relevant technology, organisation procedures and human
factor issues.
(e) The organisation shall establish a programme for continuation training for
certifying staff and support staff, including a procedure to ensure compliance with the
relevant paragraphs of 145.A.35 as the basis for issuing certification authorisations
under this Part to certifying staff, and a procedure to ensure compliance with Part 66.
(f) Except where any of the unforeseen cases of 145.A.30(j)(5) apply, the
organisation shall assess all prospective certifying staff for their competence,
Part 145
qualification and capability to carry out their intended certifying duties in accordance
with a procedure as specified in the exposition prior to the issue or re-issue of a
certification authorisation under this Part.
(g) When the conditions of paragraphs (a), (b), (d), (f) and, where applicable,
paragraph (c) have been fulfilled by the certifying staff, the organisation shall issue a
certification authorisation that clearly specifies the scope and limits of such
authorisation. Continued validity of the certification authorisation is dependent upon
continued compliance with paragraphs (a), (b), (d), and where applicable, paragraph
(c).
(h) The certification authorisation must be in a style that makes its scope clear to the
certifying staff and any authorised person who may require to examine the
authorisation. Where codes are used to define scope, the organisation shall make a
code translation readily available. Authorised person means the officials of the
competent authorities, the Agency and the Member State who has responsibility for
the oversight of the maintained aircraft or component.
(i) The person responsible for the quality system shall also remain responsible on
behalf of the organisation for issuing certification authorisations to certifying staff.
Such person may nominate other persons to actually issue or revoke the certification
authorisations in accordance with a procedure as specified in the exposition.
(j) The organisation shall maintain a record of all certifying staff and support staff,
which shall contain:
1. the details of any aircraft maintenance licence held under Annex III (Part66); and
2. all relevant training completed; and
3. the scope of the certification authorisations issued, where relevant; and
4. particulars of staff with limited or one-off certification authorisations.
The organisation shall retain the record for at least three years after the staff referred
to in this paragraph have ceased employment with the organisation or as soon as the
authorisation has been withdrawn. In addition, upon request, the maintenance
organisation shall furnish the staff referred to in this paragraph with a copy of their
personal record on leaving the organisation.
The staff referred to in this paragraph shall be given access on request to their
personal records as detailed above.
(k) The organisation shall provide certifying staff with a copy of their certification
authorisation in either a documented or electronic format.
(l) Certifying staff shall produce their certification authorisation to any authorised
person within 24 hours.
(m) The minimum age for certifying staff and support staff is 21 years.
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(n) The holder of a category A aircraft maintenance licence may only exercise
certification privileges on a specific aircraft type following the satisfactory completion
of the relevant category A aircraft task training carried out by an organisation
appropriately approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145) or Annex IV (Part147). This training shall include practical hands on training and theoretical training as
appropriate for each task authorised. Satisfactory completion of training shall be
demonstrated by an examination or by workplace assessment carried out by the
organisation.
(o) The holder of a category B2 aircraft maintenance licence may only exercise the
certification privileges described in point 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) of Annex III (Part-66)
following the satisfactory completion of (i) the relevant category A aircraft task
training and (ii) 6 months of documented practical experience covering the scope of
the authorisation that will be issued. The task training shall include practical hands on
training and theoretical training as appropriate for each task authorised. Satisfactory
completion of training shall be demonstrated by an examination or by workplace
assessment. Task training and examination/assessment shall be carried out by the
maintenance organisation issuing the certifying staff authorisation. The practical
experience shall be also obtained within such maintenance organisation.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (a) Certifying staff and support staff

1. Holding a Part-66 licence with the relevant type/group rating, or a national
qualification in the case of components, does not mean by itself that the holder is
qualified to be authorised as certifying staff and/or support staff. The organisation is
responsible to assess the competence of the holder for the scope of maintenance to
be authorised.
2. The sentence the organisation shall ensure that certifying staff and support staff
have an adequate understanding of the relevant aircraft and/or components to be
maintained together with the associated organisation procedures means that the
person has received training and has been successfully assessed on:
the type of aircraft or component;

the differences on:
o the particular model/variant;
o the particular configuration.
The organisation should specifically ensure that the individual competencies have
been established with regard to:
relevant knowledge, skills and experience in the product type and

configuration to be maintained, taking into account the differences between
the generic aircraft type rating training that the person received and the
specific configuration of the aircraft to be maintained.
appropriate attitude towards safety and observance of procedures.
knowledge of the associated organisation and operator procedures (i.e.
handling and identification of components, MEL use, Technical Log use,
independent checks, etc.).
3. Some special maintenance tasks may require additional specific training and
experience, including but not limited to:
in-depth troubleshooting;
very specific adjustment or test procedures;
rigging;
engine run-up, starting and operating the engines, checking engine
performance characteristics, normal and emergency engine operation,
associated safety precautions and procedures;
extensive structural/system inspection and repair;
other specialised maintenance required by the maintenance programme.
For engine run-up training, simulators and/or real aircraft should be used.
4. The satisfactory assessment of the competence should be conducted in
accordance with a procedure approved by the competent authority (item 3.4 of the
MOE, as described in AMC 145.A.70(a)).
5. The organisation should hold copies of all documents that attest the competence
and recent experience for the period described in 145.A.35(j).
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Additional information is provided in AMC 66.A.20(b)3.

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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (b) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (b) Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
The organisation issues the certification authorisation when satisfied that compliance
has been established with the appropriate paragraphs of Part-145 and Part-66. In
granting the certification authorisation the maintenance organisation approved under
Part-145 needs to be satisfied that the person holds a valid Part-66 aircraft
maintenance licence and may need to confirm such fact with the competent authority
of the Member State that issued the licence.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (c) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (c) Certifying staff and support staff

For the interpretation of 6 months of actual relevant aircraft maintenance experience
in any consecutive 2-year period, the provisions of AMC 66.A.20(b)2 are applicable.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (d) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (d) Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
1. Continuation training is a two way process to ensure that certifying staff remain
current in terms of procedures, human factors and technical knowledge and that the
organisation receives feedback on the adequacy of its procedures and maintenance
instructions. Due to the interactive nature of this training, consideration should be
given to the possibility that such training has the involvement of the quality
department to ensure that feedback is actioned. Alternatively, there should be a
procedure to ensure that feedback is formally passed from the training department to
the quality department to initiate action.
2. Continuation training should cover changes in relevant requirements such as Part145, changes in organisation procedures and the modification standard of the
products being maintained plus human factor issues identified from any internal or
external analysis of incidents. It should also address instances where staff failed to
follow procedures and the reasons why particular procedures are not always
followed. In many cases the continuation training will reinforce the need to follow
procedures and ensure that incomplete or incorrect procedures are identified to the
company in order that they can be corrected. This does not preclude the possible
need to carry out a quality audit of such procedures.
3. Continuation training should be of sufficient duration in each 2 year period to meet
the intent of 145.A.35(d) and may be split into a number of separate elements.
145.A.35(d) requires such training to keep certifying staff updated in terms of relevant
technology, procedures and human factors issues which means it is one part of
ensuring quality. Therefore sufficient duration should be related to relevant quality
audit findings and other internal / external sources of information available to the
organisation on human errors in maintenance. This means that in the case of an
organisation that maintains aircraft with few relevant quality audit findings,
continuation training could be limited to days rather than weeks, whereas a similar
organisation with a number of relevant quality audit findings, such training may take
several weeks. For an organisation that maintains aircraft components, the duration
of continuation training would follow the same philosophy but should be scaled down
to reflect the more limited nature of the activity. For example certifying staff who
release hydraulic pumps may only require a few hours of continuation training
whereas those who release turbine engine may only require a few days of such
training. The content of continuation training should be related to relevant quality
audit findings and it is recommended that such training is reviewed at least once in
every 24 month period.
Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (d) Certifying staff and support staff
4. The method of training is intended to be a flexible process and could, for example,
include a Part-147 continuation training course, aeronautical college courses, internal
short duration courses, seminars, etc. The elements, general content and length of
such training should be specified in the maintenance organisation exposition unless
such training is undertaken by an organisation approved under Part 147 when such
details may be specified under the approval and cross referenced in the maintenance
organisation exposition.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (e) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (e) Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
The programme for continuation training should list all certifying staff and support
staff and when training will take place, the elements of such training and an indication
that it was carried out reasonably on time as planned. Such information should
subsequently be transferred to the certifying staff and support staff record as required
by 145.A.35 (j).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (f) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (f) Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
As stated in 145.A.35 (f), except where any of the unforeseen cases of 145.A.30(j)(5)
applies, all prospective certifying staff and support staff should be assessed for
competence related to their intended duties in accordance with AMCs 1, 2, 3 and 4 to
145.A.30 (e), as applicable.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (j) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (j) Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
1 The following minimum information as applicable should be kept on record in
respect of each certifying person or category B1 or B2 support person staff and
support:
a. Name
b. Date of Birth
c. Basic Training
d. Type Training
e. Continuation Training
f. Experience
g. Qualifications relevant to the authorisation.
h. Scope of the authorisation
i. Date of first issue of the authorisation
j. If appropriate expiry date of the authorisation
k. Identification Number of the authorisation
2 The record may be kept in any format but should be controlled by the organisations
quality department. This does not mean that the quality department should run the
record system.
3. Persons authorised to access the system should be maintained at a minimum to
ensure that records cannot be altered in an unauthorised manner or that such
confidential records become accessible to unauthorised persons.
4. The competent authority is an authorised person when investigating the records
system for initial and continued approval or when the competent authority has cause
to doubt the competence of a particular person.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (n) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (n) Certifying staff and support staff

1. It is the responsibility of the Part-145 organisation issuing the category A certifying
staff authorisation to ensure that the task training received by this person covers all
the tasks to be authorised. This is particularly important in those cases where the
task training has been provided by a Part-147 organisation or by a Part-145
organisation different from the one issuing the authorisation.
2. Appropriately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) means an
organisation holding an approval to provide category A task training for the
corresponding aircraft type.
3. Appropriately approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145) means an
organisation holding a maintenance organisation approval for the corresponding
aircraft type.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.35 (o) Certifying staff and support staff
AMC 145.A.35 (o) Certifying staff and support staff

1. The privilege for a B2 licence holder to release minor scheduled line maintenance
and simple defect rectification in accordance with 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) can only be
granted by the Part-145 approved organisation where the licence holder is
employed/contracted after meeting all the requirements specified in 145.A.35(o). This
privilege cannot be transferred to another Part-145 approved organisation.
2. When a B2 licence holder already holds a certifying staff authorisation containing
minor scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectification for a particular
aircraft type, new tasks relevant to category A can be added to that type without
requiring another 6 months of experience. However, task training (theoretical plus
practical hands-on) and examination/assessment for these additional tasks is still
required.
3. When the certifying staff authorisation intends to cover several aircraft types, the
experience may be combined within a single 6-month period. For the addition of new
types to the certifying staff authorisation, another 6 months should be required unless
the aircraft is considered similar per AMC 66.A.20(b)2 to the one already held.
4. The term 6 months of experience may include full-time employment or part-time
employment. The important aspect is that the person has been involved during a
period of 6 months (not necessarily every day) in those tasks which are going to be
part of the authorisation.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.35 Certifying staff and support staff
GM 145.A.35 Certifying staff and support staff

None
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Part 145

(a) The organisation shall have available and use the necessary equipment, tools
and material to perform the approved scope of work.
1. Where the manufacturer specifies a particular tool or equipment, the
organisation shall use that tool or equipment, unless the use of alternative
tooling or equipment is agreed by the competent authority via procedures
specified in the exposition.
2. Equipment and tools must be permanently available, except in the case of
any tool or equipment that is so infrequently used that its permanent
availability is not necessary. Such cases shall be detailed in an exposition
procedure.
3. An organisation approved for base maintenance shall have sufficient aircraft
access equipment and inspection platforms/docking such that the aircraft can
be properly inspected.
(b) The organisation shall ensure that all tools, equipment and particularly test
equipment, as appropriate, are controlled and calibrated according to an officially
recognised standard at a frequency to ensure serviceability and accuracy. Records of
such calibrations and traceability to the standard used shall be kept by the
organisation.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.40 (a) Equipment, tools and material

Once the applicant for approval has determined the intended scope of approval for
consideration by the competent authority, it will be necessary to show that all tools
and equipment as specified in the maintenance data can be made available when
needed. All such tools and equipment that require to be controlled in terms of
servicing or calibration by virtue of being necessary to measure specified dimensions
and torque figures etc, should be clearly identified and listed in a control register
including any personal tools and equipment that the organisation agrees can be
used.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.40 (b) Equipment, tools and material

1. The control of these tools and equipment requires that the organisation has a
procedure to inspect/service and, where appropriate, calibrate such items on a
regular basis and indicate to users that the item is within any inspection or service or
calibration time-limit. A clear system of labelling all tooling, equipment and test
equipment is therefore necessary giving information on when the next inspection or
service or calibration is due and if the item is unserviceable for any other reason
where it may not be obvious. A register should be maintained for all precision tooling
and equipment together with a record of calibrations and standards used.
2. Inspection, service or calibration on a regular basis should be in accordance with
the equipment manufacturers instructions except where the organisation can show
by results that a different time period is appropriate in a particular case.
3. In this context officially recognised standard means those standards established or
published by an official body whether having legal personality or not, which are
widely recognised by the air transport sector as constituting good practice.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.40 Equipment, tools and material
GM 145.A.40 Equipment, tools and material

None
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Part 145

(a) All components shall be classified and appropriately segregated into the following
categories:
1. Components which are in a satisfactory condition, released on an EASA
Form 1 or equivalent and marked in accordance with Subpart Q of the Annex
(Part-21) to Regulation (EC) No 1702/2003.
2. Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in accordance with
this section.
3. Unsalvageable components which are classified in accordance with
145.A.42(d).
4. Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or other aircraft
component when specified in the manufacturer's illustrated parts catalogue
and/or the maintenance data.
5. Material both raw and consumable used in the course of maintenance when
the organisation is satisfied that the material meets the required specification
and has appropriate traceability. All material must be accompanied by
documentation clearly relating to the particular material and containing a
conformity to specification statement plus both the manufacturing and supplier
source.
6. Components referred to in point 21A.307(c) of the Annex (Part-21) to
Regulation (EC) No 1702/2003.
(b) Prior to installation of a component, the organisation shall ensure that the
particular component is eligible to be fitted when different modification and/or
airworthiness directive standards may be applicable.
(c) The organisation may fabricate a restricted range of parts to be used in the course
of undergoing work within its own facilities provided procedures are identified in the
exposition.
(d) Components which have reached their certified life limit or contain a nonrepairable defect shall be classified as unsalvageable and shall not be permitted to
re-enter the component supply system unless certified life limits have been extended
or a repair solution has been approved according to Part-21.
(e) Components referred to in point 21A.307(c) of the Annex (Part-21) to Regulation
(EC) No 1702/2003 shall only be installed if considered eligible for installation by the
aircraft owner in its own aircraft.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.42 (a) Acceptance of compontents
AMC 145.A.42 (a) Acceptance of components

1. A document equivalent to an EASA Form 1 may be:
a) a release document issued by an organisation under the terms of a bilateral
agreement signed by the European Community;
b) a release document issued by an organisation approved under the terms of
a JAA bilateral agreement until superseded by the corresponding agreement
signed by the European Community;
c) a JAA Form One issued prior to 28 November 2004 by a JAR 145
organisation approved by a JAA Full Member State;
d) in the case of new aircraft components that were released from
manufacturing prior to the Part-21 compliance date the component should be
accompanied by a JAA Form One issued by a JAR 21 organisation approved
by a JAA Full Member Authority and within the JAA mutual recognition system;
e) a JAA Form One issued prior to 28 September 2005 by a production
organisation approved by a competent authority in accordance with its national
regulations.
2. For acceptance of standard parts, raw material and consumable material, refer to
AMC M.A.501(c) and AMC M.A.501 (d).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.42 (a) Acceptance of compontents
AMC 145.A.42 (b) Acceptance of components

The EASA Form 1 or equivalent identifies the status of an aircraft component. Block
12 Remarks on the EASA Form 1 in some cases contains vital airworthiness related
information which may need appropriate and necessary actions. The receiving
organisation should be satisfied that the component in question is in satisfactory
condition and has been appropriately released to service. In addition, the
organisation should ensure that the component meets the approved data/standard,
such as the required design and modification standard. This may be accomplished by
reference to the manufacturers parts catalogue or other approved data (i.e. Service
Bulletin). Care should also be taken in ensuring compliance with applicable
airworthiness directives, the status of any life-limited parts fitted to the aircraft
component as well as Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.42 (c) Acceptance of compontents
AMC 145.A.42 (c) Acceptance of components

1. The agreement by the competent authority for the fabrication of parts by the
approved maintenance organisation should be formalised through the approval of a
detailed procedure in the Maintenance Organisation Exposition. This AMC contains
principles and conditions to be taken into account for the preparation of an
acceptable procedure.
2. Fabrication, inspection assembly and test should be clearly within the technical
and procedural capability of the organisation;
3. All necessary data to fabricate the part should be approved either by the Agency
or the type certificate (TC) holder or Part-21 design organisation approval holder, or
supplemental type certificate (STC) holder;
4. Items fabricated by an organisation approved under Part-145 may only be used by
that organisation in the course of overhaul, maintenance, modifications, or repair of
aircraft or components undergoing work within its own facility. The permission to
fabricate does not constitute approval for manufacture, or to supply externally and the
parts do not qualify for certification on EASA Form 1. This prohibition also applies to
the bulk transfer of surplus inventory, in that locally fabricated parts are physically
segregated and excluded from any delivery certification.
5. Fabrication of parts, modification kits etc for onward supply and/or sale may not be
conducted by an organisation approved under Part-145.
6. The data specified in paragraph 3 may include repair procedures involving the
fabrication of parts. Where the data on such parts is sufficient to facilitate fabrication,
the parts may be fabricated by an organisation approved under Part-145. Care
should be taken to ensure that the data include details of part numbering,
dimensions, materials, processes, and any special manufacturing techniques, special
raw material specification or/and incoming inspection requirement and that the
approved organisation has the necessary capability. That capability should be
defined by way of exposition content. Where special processes or inspection
procedures are defined in the approved data which are not available at the
organisation the organisation can not fabricate the part unless the TC/STC-holder
gives an approved alternative.
7. Examples of fabrication under the scope of an Part-145 approval can include but
are not limited to the following:
a) Fabrication of bushes, sleeves and shims.
b) Fabrication of secondary structural elements and skin panels.
c) Fabrication of control cables.
d) Fabrication of flexible and rigid pipes.
e) Fabrication of electrical cable looms and assemblies.
Part 145
AMC 145.A.42 (c) Acceptance of compontents
f) Formed or machined sheet metal panels for repairs.

All the above fabricated parts, should be in accordance with data provided in
overhaul or repair manuals, modification schemes and service bulletins, drawings or
otherwise approved by the competent authority.
Note: It is not acceptable to fabricate any item to pattern unless an engineering
drawing of the item is produced which includes any necessary fabrication processes
and which is acceptable to the competent authority.
8. Where a TC-holder or an approved production organisation is prepared to make
available complete data which is not referred to in aircraft manuals or service
bulletins but provides manufacturing drawings for items specified in parts lists, the
fabrication of these items is not considered to be within the scope of an approval
unless agreed otherwise by the competent authority in accordance with a procedure
specified in the exposition.
9. Inspection and Identification. Any locally fabricated part should be subjected to an
inspection stage before, separately, and preferably independently from, any
inspection of its installation. The inspection should establish full compliance with the
relevant manufacturing data, and the part should be unambiguously identified as fit
for use by stating conformity to the approved data. Adequate records should be
maintained of all such fabrication processes including, heat treatment and the final
inspections. All parts, except those having not enough space, should carry a part
number which clearly relates it to the manufacturing/inspection data. Additional to the
part-number the organisations identity should be marked on the part for traceability
purposes.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.42 (d) Acceptance of compontents
AMC 145.A.42 (d) Acceptance of components

1. The following types of components should typically be classified as unsalvageable:
a. Components with non-repairable defects, whether visible or not to the
naked eye;
b. Components that do not meet design specifications, and cannot be brought
into conformity with such specifications;
c. Components subjected to unacceptable modification or rework that is
irreversible
d. Certified life-limited parts that have reached or exceeded their certified life
limits, or have missing or incomplete records;
e. Components that cannot be returned to airworthy condition due to exposure
to extreme forces, heat or adverse environment;
f. Components for which conformity with an applicable airworthiness directive
cannot be accomplished;
g. Components for which maintenance records and/or traceability to the
manufacturer can not be retrieved.
2. It is common practice for possessors of aircraft components to dispose of
unsalvageable components by selling, discarding, or transferring such items. In some
instances, these items have reappeared for sale and in the active parts inventories of
the aviation community. Misrepresentation of the status of components and the
practice of making such items appear serviceable have resulted in the use of
unsalvageable nonconforming Components. Therefore Organisations disposing of
unsalvageable aircraft components should consider the possibility of such
components later being misrepresented and sold as serviceable components.
Caution should be exercised to ensure that unsalvageable components are disposed
of in a manner that does not allow them to be returned to service.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.42 Acceptance of components
GM 145.A.42 Acceptance of components

None
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Part 145

(a) The organisation shall hold and use applicable current maintenance data in the
performance of maintenance, including modifications and repairs. Applicable means
relevant to any aircraft, component or process specified in the organisation's
approval class rating schedule and in any associated capability list.
(b) For the purposes of this Part, applicable maintenance data shall be any of the
following:
1. Any applicable requirement, procedure, operational directive or information
issued by the authority responsible for the oversight of the aircraft or
component;
2. Any applicable airworthiness directive issued by the authority responsible
for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
3. Instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type certificate holders,
supplementary type certificate holders, any other organisation required to
publish such data by Part-21 and in the case of aircraft or components from
third countries the airworthiness data mandated by the authority responsible
for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
4. Any applicable standard, such as but not limited to, maintenance standard
practices recognised by the Agency as a good standard for maintenance;
5. Any applicable data issued in accordance with paragraph (d).
(c) The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that if found, any
inaccurate, incomplete or ambiguous procedure, practice, information or
maintenance instruction contained in the maintenance data used by maintenance
personnel is recorded and notified to the author of the maintenance data.
(d) The organisation may only modify maintenance instructions in accordance with a
procedure specified in the maintenance organisation's exposition. With respect to
those changes, the organisation shall demonstrate that they result in equivalent or
improved maintenance standards and shall inform the type- certificate holder of such
changes. Maintenance instructions for the purposes of this paragraph means
instructions on how to carry out the particular maintenance task: they exclude the
engineering design of repairs and modifications.
(e) The organisation shall provide a common work card or worksheet system to be
used throughout relevant parts of the organisation. In addition, the organisation shall
either transcribe accurately the maintenance data contained in paragraphs (b) and
(d) onto such work cards or worksheets or make precise reference to the particular
maintenance task or tasks contained in such maintenance data. Work cards and
worksheets may be computer generated and held on an electronic database subject
to both adequate safeguards against unauthorised alteration and a back-up
electronic database which shall be updated within 24 hours of any entry made to the
main electronic database. Complex maintenance tasks shall be transcribed onto the
Part 145
work cards or worksheets and subdivided into clear stages to ensure a record of the
accomplishment of the complete maintenance task.
Where the organisation provides a maintenance service to an aircraft operator who
requires their work card or worksheet system to be used then such work card or
worksheet system may be used. In this case, the organisation shall establish a
procedure to ensure correct completion of the aircraft operators' work cards or
worksheets.
(f) The organisation shall ensure that all applicable maintenance data is readily
available for use when required by maintenance personnel.
(g) The organisation shall establish a procedure to ensure that maintenance data it
controls is kept up to date. In the case of operator/customer controlled and provided
maintenance data, the organisation shall be able to show that either it has written
confirmation from the operator/customer that all such maintenance data is up to date
or it has work orders specifying the amendment status of the maintenance data to be
used or it can show that it is on the operator/customer maintenance data amendment
list.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (b) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (b) Maintenance data

1. Except as specified in sub-paragraph 5, each maintenance organisation approved
under Part-145 should hold and use the following minimum maintenance data
relevant to the organisations approval class rating. All maintenance related
Implementing Rules and associated AMCs, approval specifications and Guidance
Material, all applicable national maintenance requirements and notices which have
not been superseded by an Agency requirement, procedure or directive and all
applicable EASA airworthiness directives plus any non-national airworthiness
directive supplied by a contracted non-EU operator or customer as well as Critical
Design Configuration Control Limitations.
2. In addition to sub-paragraph 1, an organisation with an approval class rating in
category A - Aircraft, should hold and use the following maintenance data where
published. The appropriate sections of the operators aircraft maintenance
programme, aircraft maintenance manual, repair manual, supplementary structural
inspection document, corrosion control document, service bulletins, service letters,
service instructions, modification leaflets, NDT manual, parts catalogue, type
certificate data sheet and any other specific document issued by the type certificate
or supplementary type certificate holder as maintenance data.
category B - Engines/APUs, should hold and use the following maintenance data
where published. The appropriate sections of the engine/APU maintenance and
repair manual, service bulletins, service letters, modification leaflets, non destructive
testing (NDT) manual, parts catalogue, type certificate data sheet and any other
specific document issued by the type certificate holder as maintenance data.
category C - Components other than complete engines/APUs, should hold and use
the following maintenance data where published. The appropriate sections of the
vendor maintenance and repair manual, service bulletins and service letters plus any
document issued by the type certificate holder as maintenance data on whose
product the component may be fitted when applicable.
5. Appropriate sections of the sub-paragraphs 2 to 4 additional maintenance data
means in relation to the maintenance work scope at each particular maintenance
facility. For example, a base maintenance facility should have almost complete set(s)
of the maintenance data whereas a line maintenance facility may need only the
maintenance manual and the parts catalogue.
6. An organisation only approved in class rating category D - Specialised services,
should hold and use all applicable specialised service(s) process specifications.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (c) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (c) Maintenance data

1 The referenced procedure should ensure that when maintenance personnel
discover inaccurate, incomplete or ambiguous information in the maintenance data
they should record the details. The procedure should then ensure that the Part-145
approved maintenance organisation notifies the problem to the author of the
maintenance data in a timely manner. A record of such communications to the author
of the maintenance data should be retained by the Part-145 approved organisation
until such time as the type certificate holder has clarified the issue by e.g. amending
the maintenance data.
2 The referenced procedure should be specified in the maintenance organisation
exposition.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (d) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (d) Maintenance data

The referenced procedure should address the need for a practical demonstration by
the mechanic to the quality personnel of the proposed modified maintenance
instruction. When satisfied the quality personnel should approve the modified
maintenance instruction and ensure that the type certificate or supplementary type
certificate holder is informed of the modified maintenance instruction. The procedure
should include a paper/electronic traceability of the complete process from start to
finish and ensure that the relevant maintenance instruction clearly identifies the
modification. Modified maintenance instructions should only be used in the following
circumstances;
a. Where the type certificate / supplementary type certificate holders original
intent can be carried out in a more practical or more efficient manner.
b. Where the type certificate / supplementary type certificate holders original
intent cannot be achieved by following the maintenance instructions. For
example, where a component cannot be replaced following the original
maintenance instructions.
c. For the use of alternative tools / equipment Important Note: Critical Design
Configuration Control Limitations (CDCCL) are airworthiness limitations. Any
modification of the maintenance instructions linked to CDCCL constitutes an
aircraft modification that should be approved in accordance with Part-21.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (e) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (e) Maintenance data

1. The maintenance organisation should:
- transcribe accurately the maintenance data onto such work cards or
worksheets, or
- make precise reference to the particular maintenance task(s) contained in
such maintenance data, which already identifies the task as a CDCCL where
applicable.
2. Relevant parts of the organisation means with regard to aircraft base maintenance,
aircraft line maintenance, engine workshops, mechanical workshops and avionic
workshops. Therefore, engine workshops for example should have a common
system throughout such engine workshops that may be different to that in the aircraft
base maintenance.
3. The workcards should differentiate and specify, when relevant, disassembly,
accomplishment of task, reassembly and testing. In the case of a lengthy
maintenance task involving a succession of personnel to complete such a task, it
may be necessary to use supplementary workcards or worksheets to indicate what
was actually accomplished by each individual person.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (f) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (f) Maintenance data

1. Data being made available to personnel maintaining aircraft means that the data
should be available in close proximity to the aircraft being maintained for supervisors,
mechanics and certifying staff to study.
2. Where computer systems are used, the number of computer terminals should be
sufficient in relation to the size of the work programme to enable easy access, unless
the computer system can produce paper copies. Where microfilm or microfiche
readers/ printers are used, a similar requirement is applicable.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (g) Maintenance data
AMC 145.A.45 (g) Maintenance data

1. To keep data up-to-date, a procedure should be set up to monitor the amendment
status of all data and maintain a check that all amendments are being received by
being a subscriber to any document amendment scheme. Special attention should be
given to TC related data such as certification life-limited parts, airworthiness
limitations and Airworthiness Limitation Items (ALI), etc.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.45 Maintenance data
GM 145.A.45 Maintenance data

None
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Part 145
145.A.47 Production Planning
145.A.47 Production planning

(a) The organisation shall have a system appropriate to the amount and complexity of
work to plan the availability of all necessary personnel, tools, equipment, material,
maintenance data and facilities in order to ensure the safe completion of the
maintenance work.
(b) The planning of maintenance tasks, and the organising of shifts, shall take into
account human performance limitations.
(c) When it is required to hand over the continuation or completion of maintenance
tasks for reasons of a shift or personnel changeover, relevant information shall be
adequately communicated between outgoing and incoming personnel.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (a) Production Planning
AMC 145.A.47 (a) Production planning

1. Depending on the amount and complexity of work generally performed by the
maintenance organisation, the planning system may range from a very simple
procedure to a complex organisational set-up including a dedicated planning function
in support of the production function.
2. For the purpose of Part-145, the production planning function includes two
complementary elements:
- scheduling the maintenance work ahead, to ensure that it will not adversely
interfere with other work as regards the availability of all necessary personnel,
tools, equipment, material, maintenance data and facilities.
- during maintenance work, organising maintenance teams and shifts and
provide all necessary support to ensure the completion of maintenance without
undue time pressure.
3. When establishing the production planning procedure, consideration should be
given to the following:
- logistics,
- inventory control,
- square meters of accommodation,
- man-hours estimation,
- man-hours availability,
- preparation of work,
- hangar availability,
- environmental conditions (access, lighting standards and cleanliness),
- co-ordination with internal and external suppliers, etc.
- scheduling of safety-critical tasks during periods when staff are likely to be
most alert.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (b) Production Planning
AMC 145.A.47 (b) Production planning

Limitations of human performance, in the context of planning safety related tasks,
refers to the upper and lower limits, and variations, of certain aspects of human
performance (Circadian rhythm / 24 hours body cycle) which personnel should be
aware of when planning work and shifts.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.45 (c) Production Planning
AMC 145.A.47 (c) Production planning

The primary objective of the changeover / handover information is to ensure effective
communication at the point of handing over the continuation or completion of
maintenance actions. Effective task and shift handover depends on three basic
elements:
- The outgoing persons ability to understand and communicate the important
elements of the job or task being passed over to the incoming person.
- The incoming persons ability to understand and assimilate the information
being provided by the outgoing person.
- A formalised process for exchanging information between outgoing and
incoming persons and a planned shift overlap and a place for such exchanges
to take place.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.45 Production Planning
GM 145.A.47 Production planning

None
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Part 145

(a) A certificate of release to service shall be issued by appropriately authorised
certifying staff on behalf of the organisation when it has been verified that all
maintenance ordered has been properly carried out by the organisation in
accordance with the procedures specified in point 145.A.70, taking into account the
availability and use of the maintenance data specified in point 145.A.45 and that
there are no non-compliances which are known to endanger flight safety.
(b) A certificate of release to service shall be issued before flight at the completion of
any maintenance.
(c) New defects or incomplete maintenance work orders identified during the above
maintenance shall be brought to the attention of the aircraft operator for the specific
purpose of obtaining agreement to rectify such defects or completing the missing
elements of the maintenance work order. In the case where the aircraft operator
declines to have such maintenance carried out under this paragraph, paragraph (e) is
applicable.
(d) A certificate of release to service shall be issued at the completion of any
maintenance on a component whilst off the aircraft. The authorised release certificate
EASA Form 1 referred to in Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M) constitutes the
component certificate of release to service except if otherwise specified in point
M.A.502(b) or M.A.502(e). When an organisation maintains a component for its own
use, an EASA Form 1 may not be necessary depending upon the organisations
internal release procedures defined in the exposition.
(e) By derogation to paragraph (a), when the organisation is unable to complete all
maintenance ordered, it may issue a certificate of release to service within the
approved aircraft limitations. The organisation shall enter such fact in the aircraft
certificate of release to service before the issue of such certificate.
(f) By derogation to paragraph (a) and 145.A.42, when an aircraft is grounded at a
location other than the main line station or main maintenance base due to the nonavailability of a component with the appropriate release certificate, it is permissible to
temporarily fit a component without the appropriate release certificate for a maximum
of 30 flight hours or until the aircraft first returns to the main line station or main
maintenance base, whichever is the sooner, subject to the aircraft operator
agreement and said component having a suitable release certificate but otherwise in
compliance with all applicable maintenance and operational requirements. Such
components shall be removed by the above prescribed time limit unless an
appropriate release certificate has been obtained in the meantime under paragraph
(a) and 145.A.42.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.50 (a) Certification of maintenance
AMC 145.A.50 (a) Certification of maintenance

Endangers the flight safety means any instances where safe operation could not be
assured or which could lead to an unsafe condition. It typically includes, but is not
limited to, significant cracking, deformation, corrosion or failure of primary structure,
any evidence of burning, electrical arcing, significant hydraulic fluid or fuel leakage
and any emergency system or total system failure. An airworthiness directive
overdue for compliance is also considered a hazard to flight safety.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.50 (b) Certification of maintenance
AMC 145.A.50 (b) Certification of maintenance

1. The certificate of release to service should contain the following statement:
Certifies that the work specified, except as otherwise specified, was carried out in
accordance with Part-145 and in respect to that work the aircraft/aircraft component
is considered ready for release to service.
Reference should also be made to the EASA Part-145 approval number.
2. It is acceptable to use an alternate abbreviated certificate of release to service
consisting of the following statement Part-145 release to service instead of the full
certification statement specified in paragraph 1. When the alternate abbreviated
certificate of release to service is used, the introductory section of the technical log
should include an example of the full certification statement from paragraph 1.
3. The certificate of release to service should relate to the task specified in the (S)TC
holders or operators instructions or the aircraft maintenance program which itself
may cross-refer to maintenance data.
4. The date such maintenance was carried out should include when the maintenance
took place relative to any life or overhaul limitation in terms of date/flying hours/
cycles/landings etc., as appropriate.
5. When extensive maintenance has been carried out, it is acceptable for the
certificate of release to service to summarise the maintenance as long as there is a
unique crossreference to the work package containing full details of maintenance
carried out. Dimensional information should be retained in the work-pack record.
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Part 145
AMC No 1 to 145.A.50 (d) Certification of maintenance

The purpose of the certificate is to release assemblies/items/components/parts
(hereafter referred to as item(s)) after maintenance and to release maintenance
work carried out on such items under the approval of a competent authority and to
allow items removed from one aircraft/aircraft component to be fitted to another
aircraft/aircraft component.
The certificate is to be used for export/import purposes, as well as for domestic
purposes, and serves as an official certificate for items from the
manufacturer/maintenance organisation to users.
It can only be issued by organisations approved by the particular competent authority
within the scope of the approval.
The certificate may be used as a rotable tag by utilising the available space on the
reverse side of the certificate for any additional information and dispatching the item
with two copies of the certificate so that one copy may be eventually returned with the
item to the maintenance organisation. The alternative solution is to use existing
rotable tags and also supply a copy of the certificate.
A certificate should not be issued for any item when it is known that the item is
unserviceable except in the case of an item undergoing a series of maintenance
processes at several maintenance organisations approved under Part-145 and the
item needs a certificate for the previous maintenance process carried out for the next
maintenance organisation approved under Part-145 to accept the item for
subsequent maintenance processes. In such a case, a clear statement of limitation
should be endorsed in Block 12.
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Part 145

1. A component which has been maintained off the aircraft needs the issuance of a
certificate of release to service for such maintenance and another certificate of
release to service in regard to being installed properly on the aircraft when such
action occurs.
When an organisation maintains a component for use by the same organisation, an
EASA Form 1 may not be necessary depending upon the organisations internal
release procedures defined in the maintenance organisation exposition.
2. In the case of the issue of EASA Form 1 for components in storage before Part145 and Part-21 became effective and not released on an EASA Form 1 or
equivalent in accordance with 145.A.42(a) or removed serviceable from a serviceable
aircraft or an aircraft which has been withdrawn from service the following applies:
2.1. An EASA Form 1 may be issued for an aircraft component which has
been:
- Maintained before Part-145 became effective or manufactured before
Part-21 became effective.
- Used on an aircraft and removed in a serviceable condition. Examples
include leased and loaned aircraft components.
- Removed from aircraft which have been withdrawn from service, or
from aircraft which have been involved in abnormal occurrences such
as accidents, incidents, heavy landings or lightning strikes.
- Maintained by an unapproved organisation.
2.2. An appropriately rated maintenance organisation approved under Part
145 may issue an EASA Form 1 as detailed in this AMC subparagraph 2.5 to
2.9, as appropriate, in accordance with procedures detailed in the exposition
as approved by the competent authority. The appropriately rated organisation
is responsible for ensuring that all reasonable measures have been taken to
ensure that only approved and serviceable aircraft components are issued an
EASA Form 1 under this paragraph.
2.3. For the purposes of this AMC No 2 only, appropriately rated means an
organisation with an approval class rating for the type of component or for the
product in which it may be installed.
2.4. An EASA Form 1 issued in accordance with this paragraph 2 should be
issued by signing in block 14b and stating Inspected in block 11. In addition,
block 12 should specify:
2.4.1. When the last maintenance was carried out and by whom.
Part 145

2.4.2. If the component is unused, when the component was
manufactured and by whom with a cross-reference to any original
documentation which should be included with the Form.
2.4.3. A list of all airworthiness directives, repairs and modifications
known to have been incorporated. If no airworthiness directives or
repairs or modifications are known to be incorporated, then this should
be so stated.
2.4.4. Detail of life used for service life-limited parts being any
combination of fatigue, overhaul or storage life.
2.4.5. For any aircraft component having its own maintenance history
record, reference to the particular maintenance history record as long
as the record contains the details that would otherwise be required in
block 12. The maintenance history record and acceptance test report or
statement, if applicable, should be attached to the EASA Form 1.
2.5. New/unused aircraft components

2.5.1 Any unused aircraft component in storage without an EASA Form
1 up to the effective date(s) for Part-21 that was manufactured by an
organisation acceptable to the competent authority at that time may be
issued with an EASA Form 1 by an appropriately rated maintenance
organisation approved under Part-145. The EASA Form 1 should be
issued in accordance with the following subparagraphs which should be
included in a procedure within the maintenance organisation manual.
Note 1: It should be understood that the release of a stored but unused
aircraft component in accordance with this paragraph represents a
maintenance release under Part-145 and not a production release
under Part-21. It is not intended to bypass the production release
procedure agreed by the Member State for parts and subassemblies
intended for fitment on the manufacturers own production line.
(a) An acceptance test report or statement should be available
for all used and unused aircraft components that are subjected to
acceptance testing after manufacturing or maintenance as
appropriate.
(b) The aircraft component should be inspected for compliance
with the manufacturers instructions and limitations for storage
and condition including any requirement for limited storage life,
inhibitors, controlled climate and special storage containers. In
addition or in the absence of specific storage instructions the
aircraft component should be inspected for damage, corrosion
and leakage to ensure good condition.
(c) The storage life used of any storage life-limited parts should
be established.
Part 145
2.5.2. If it is not possible to establish satisfactory compliance with all

applicable conditions specified in subparagraph 2.5.1 (a) to (c)
inclusive, the aircraft component should be disassembled by an
appropriately rated organisation and subjected to a check for
incorporated airworthiness directives, repairs and modifications and
inspected/tested in accordance with the maintenance data to establish
satisfactory condition and, if relevant, all seals, lubricants and lifelimited parts should be replaced. Upon satisfactory completion after
reassembly, an EASA Form 1 may be issued stating what was carried
out and the reference of the maintenance data included.
2.6. Used aircraft components removed from a serviceable aircraft
2.6.1. Serviceable aircraft components removed from a Member State
registered aircraft may be issued with an EASA Form 1 by an appropriately
rated organisation subject to compliance with this subparagraph.
(a) The organisation should ensure that the component was removed
from the aircraft by an appropriately qualified person.
(b) The aircraft component may only be deemed serviceable if the last
flight operation with the component fitted revealed no faults on that
component/related system.
(c) The aircraft component should be inspected for satisfactory
condition including in particular damage, corrosion or leakage and
compliance with any additional maintenance data.
(d) The aircraft record should be researched for any unusual events that
could affect the serviceability of the aircraft component such as
involvement in accidents, incidents, heavy landings or lightning strikes.
Under
no circumstances may an EASA Form 1 be issued in accordance with
this paragraph 2.6 if it is suspected that the aircraft component has
been subjected to extremes of stress, temperatures or immersion which
could effect its operation.
(e) A maintenance history record should be available for all used
serialised aircraft components.
(f) Compliance with known modifications and repairs should be
established.
(g) The flight hours/cycles/landings as applicable of any service lifelimited parts including time since overhaul should be established.
(h) Compliance with known applicable airworthiness directives should
be established.
Part 145
(i) Subject to satisfactory compliance with this subparagraph 2.6.1, an

EASA Form 1 may be issued and should contain the information as
specified in paragraph 2.4 including the aircraft from which the aircraft
component was removed.
2.6.2. Serviceable aircraft components removed from a non Member State
registered aircraft may only be issued with an EASA Form 1 if the components
are leased or loaned from the maintenance organisation approved under Part145 who retains control of the airworthiness status of the components. An
EASA Form 1 may be issued and should contain the information as specified
in paragraph 2.4 including the aircraft from which the aircraft component was
removed.
2.7. Used aircraft components removed from an aircraft withdrawn from service.
Serviceable aircraft components removed from a Member State registered aircraft
withdrawn from service may be issued with an EASA Form 1 by a maintenance
organisation approved under Part-145 subject to compliance with this
subparagraph.
(a) Aircraft withdrawn from service are sometimes dismantled for spares. This
is considered to be a maintenance activity and should be accomplished under
the control of an organisation approved under Part-145, employing procedures
approved by the competent authority.
(b) To be eligible for installation, components removed from such aircraft may
be issued with an EASA Form 1 by an appropriately rated organisation
following a satisfactory assessment.
(c) As a minimum, the assessment will need to satisfy the standards set out in
paragraphs 2.5 and 2.6 as appropriate. This should, where known, include the
possible need for the alignment of scheduled maintenance that may be
necessary to comply with the maintenance programme applicable to the
aircraft on which the component is to be installed.
(d) Irrespective of whether the aircraft holds a certificate of airworthiness or
not, the organisation responsible for certifying any removed component should
ensure that the manner in which the components were removed and stored
are compatible with the standards required by Part-145.
(e) A structured plan should be formulated to control the aircraft disassembly
process. The disassembly is to be carried out by an appropriately rated
organisation under the supervision of certifying staff who will ensure that the
aircraft components are removed and documented in a structured manner in
accordance with the appropriate maintenance data and disassembly plan.
(f) All recorded aircraft defects should be reviewed and the possible effects
these may have on both normal and standby functions of removed
components are to be considered.
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(g) Dedicated control documentation is to be used as detailed by the

disassembly plan, to facilitate the recording of all maintenance actions and
component removals performed during the disassembly process. Components
found to be unserviceable are to be identified as such and quarantined
pending a decision on the actions to be taken. Records of the maintenance
accomplished to establish serviceability are to form part of the component
maintenance history.
(h) Suitable Part-145 facilities for the removal and storage of removed
components are to be used which include suitable environmental conditions,
lighting, access equipment, aircraft tooling and storage facilities for the work to
be undertaken. While it may be acceptable for components to be removed,
given local environmental conditions, without the benefit of an enclosed
facility, subsequent disassembly (if required) and storage of the components
should be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.
2.8. Used aircraft components maintained by organisations not approved in
accordance with Part-145. For used components maintained by a maintenance
organisation not approved under Part-145, due care should be taken before
acceptance of such components. In such cases an appropriately rated maintenance
organisation approved under Part-145 should establish satisfactory conditions by:
(a) dismantling the component for sufficient inspection in accordance with the
appropriate maintenance data;
(b) replacing all service life-limit components when no satisfactory evidence of
life used is available and/or the components are in an unsatisfactory condition;
(c) reassembling and testing as necessary the component;
(d) completing all certification requirements as specified in 145.A.50.
2.9. Used aircraft components removed from an aircraft involved in an accident or
incident. Such components should only be issued with an EASA Form 1 when
processed in accordance with paragraph 2.7 and a specific work order including all
additional necessary tests and inspections deemed necessary by the accident or
incident. Such a work order may require input from the TC holder or original
manufacturer as appropriate. This work order should be referenced in block 12.
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Part 145
AMC 45.A.50 (e) Certification of maintenance
AMC 145.A.50 (e) Certification of maintenance

1. Being unable to establish full compliance with sub-paragraph Part-145.A.50(a)
means that the maintenance required by the aircraft operator could not be completed
due either to running out of available aircraft maintenance downtime for the
scheduled check or by virtue of the condition of the aircraft requiring additional
maintenance downtime.
2. The aircraft operator is responsible for ensuring that all required maintenance has
been carried out before flight and therefore 145.A.50(e) requires such operator to be
informed in the case where full compliance with 145.A.50(a) cannot be achieved
within the operators limitations. If the operator agrees to the deferment of full
compliance, then the certificate of release to service may be issued subject to details
of
the deferment, including the operators authority, being endorsed on the certificate.
NOTE: Whether or not the aircraft operator does have the authority to defer
maintenance is an issue between the aircraft operator and the competent authority of
the State of Registry or State of operator, as appropriate. In case of doubt concerning
such a decision of the operator, the approved maintenance organisation should
inform its competent authority on such doubt, before issuing the certificate of release
to service. This will allow this competent authority to investigate the matter with the
competent authority of the State of Registry or the State of the operator as
appropriate.
3. The procedure should draw attention to the fact that 145.A.50(a) does not normally
permit the issue of a certificate of release to service in the case of non-compliance
and should state what action the mechanic, supervisor and certifying staff should
take to bring the matter to the attention of the relevant department or person
responsible for technical co-ordination with the aircraft operator so that the issue may
be discussed and resolved with the aircraft operator. In addition, the appropriate
person(s) as specified in 145.A.30(b) should be kept informed in writing of such
possible non-compliance situations and this should be included in the procedure.
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Part 145
AMC 45.A.50 (f) Certification of maintenance
AMC 145.A.50 (f) Certification of maintenance

1. Suitable release certificate means a certificate which clearly states that the aircraft
component is serviceable; that clearly specifies the organisation releasing said
component together with details of the authority under whose approval the
organisation works including the approval or authorisation reference.
2. Compliance with all other Part-145 and operator requirements means making an
appropriate entry in the aircraft technical log, checking for compliance with type
design standards, modifications, repairs, airworthiness directives, life limitations and
condition of the aircraft component plus information on where, when and why the
aircraft was grounded.
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GM 145.A.50 (d) EASA form 1 Block remarks
Part 145
GM 145.A.50 (d) EASA form 1 Block remarks

Examples of data to be entered in this block as appropriate:
-
Maintenance documentation used, including the revision status, for all work
performed
and not limited to the entry made in block 11.
A statement such as in accordance with the CMM is not acceptable.
NDT methods with appropriate documentation used when relevant.
Compliance with airworthiness directives or service bulletins.
Repairs carried out.
Modifications carried out.
Replacement parts installed.
Life-limited parts status.
Shelf life limitations.
Deviations from the customer work order.
Release statements to satisfy a foreign Civil Aviation Authority maintenance

requirement.
Information needed to support shipment with shortages or re-assembly after

delivery.
References to aid traceability, such as batch numbers.
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Part 145

(a) The organisation shall record all details of maintenance work carried out. As a
minimum, the organisation shall retain records necessary to prove that all
requirements have been met for issuance of the certificate of release to service,
including subcontractor's release documents.
(b) The organisation shall provide a copy of each certificate of release to service to
the aircraft operator, together with a copy of any specific repair/modification data
used for repairs/modifications carried out.
(c) The organisation shall retain a copy of all detailed maintenance records and any
associated maintenance data for three years from the date the aircraft or component
to which the work relates was released from the organisation.
1. The records under this paragraph shall be stored in a manner that ensures
protection from damage, alteration and theft.
2. Computer backup discs, tapes etc. shall be stored in a different location
from that containing the working discs, tapes etc., in an environment that
ensures they remain in good condition.
3. Where an organisation approved under this Part terminates its operation, all
retained maintenance records covering the last two years shall be distributed
to the last owner or customer of the respective aircraft or component or shall
be stored as specified by the competent authority.
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Part 145
AMC 45.A.55 (c) Maintenance records
AMC 145.A.55 (c) Maintenance records

Associated maintenance data is specific information such as repair and modification
data. This does not necessarily require the retention of all Aircraft Maintenance
Manual, Component Maintenance Manual, IPC etc issued by the TC holder or STC
holder. Maintenance records should refer to the revision status of the data used.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.55 (a) Maintenance records
GM 145.A.55 (a) Maintenance records

1. Properly executed and retained records provide owners, operators and
maintenance personnel with information essential in controlling unscheduled and
scheduled maintenance, and troubleshooting to eliminate the need for re-inspection
and rework to establish airworthiness.
The prime objective is to have secure and easily retrievable records with
comprehensive and legible contents. The aircraft record should contain basic details
of all serialised aircraft components and all other significant aircraft components
installed, to ensure traceability to such installed aircraft component documentation
and associated maintenance data as specified in 145.A.45.
2. Some gas turbine engines are assembled from modules and a true total time in
service for a total engine is not kept. When owners and operators wish to take
advantage of the modular design, then total time in service and maintenance records
for each module is to be maintained. The maintenance records as specified are to be
kept with the module and should show compliance with any mandatory requirements
pertaining to that module.
3. Reconstruction of lost or destroyed records can be done by reference to other
records which reflect the time in service, research of records maintained by repair
facilities and reference to records maintained by individual mechanics etc. When
these things have been done and the record is still incomplete, the owner/operator
may make a statement in the new record describing the loss and establishing the
time in service based on the research and the best estimate of time in service. The
reconstructed records should be submitted to the competent authority for
acceptance.
NOTE: Additional maintenance may be required.
4. The maintenance record can be either a paper or computer system or any
combination of both.
5. Paper systems should use robust material which can withstand normal handling
and filing. The record should remain legible throughout the required retention period.
6 Computer systems may be used to control maintenance and/or record details of
maintenance work carried out. Computer systems used for maintenance should have
at least one backup system which should be updated at least within 24 hours of any
maintenance. Each terminal is required to contain programme safeguards against the
ability of unauthorised personnel to alter the database.
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Part 145

(a) The organisation shall report to the competent authority, the state of registry and
the organisation responsible for the design of the aircraft or component any condition
of the aircraft or component identified by the organisation that has resulted or may
result in an unsafe condition that hazards seriously the flight safety.
(b) The organisation shall establish an internal occurrence reporting system as
detailed in the exposition to enable the collection and evaluation of such reports,
including the assessment and extraction of those occurrences to be reported under
paragraph (a). This procedure shall identify adverse trends, corrective actions taken
or to be taken by the organisation to address deficiencies and include evaluation of
all known relevant information relating to such occurrences and a method to circulate
the information as necessary.
(c) The organisation shall make such reports in a form and manner established by
the Agency and ensure that they contain all pertinent information about the condition
and evaluation results known to the organisation.
(d) Where the organisation is contracted by a commercial operator to carry out
maintenance, the organisation shall also report to the operator any such condition
affecting the operator's aircraft or component.
(e) The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as soon as practicable
but in any case within 72 hours of the organisation identifying the condition to which
the report relates.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting
AMC 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting

AMC 20-8 General Acceptable Means of Compliance for Airworthiness of Products,
Parts and Appliances provides further guidance on occurrence reporting.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.60 (b) Occurrence reporting
AMC 145.A.60 (b) Occurrence reporting

1. The aim of occurrence reporting is to identify the factors contributing to incidents,
and to make the system resistant to similar errors.
2. An occurrence reporting system should enable and encourage free and frank
reporting of any (potentially) safety related occurrence. This will be facilitated by the
establishment of a just culture. An organisation should ensure that personnel are not
inappropriately punished for reporting or co-operating with occurrence investigations.
3. The internal reporting process should be closed-loop, ensuring that actions are
taken internally to address safety hazards.
4. Feedback to reportees, both on an individual and more general basis, is important
to ensure their continued support for the scheme.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting
GM 145.A.60 (a) Occurrence reporting

The organisation responsible for the design is normally the TC holder of the aircraft,
engine or propeller and/or if known the STC holder.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.60 (c) Occurrence reporting
GM 145.A.60 (c) Occurrence reporting

Each report should contain at least the following information:
i) Organisation name and approval reference.
ii) Information necessary to identify the subject aircraft and / or component.
iii) Date and time relative to any life or overhaul limitation in terms of flying hours/
cycles/landings etc. as appropriate.
iv) Details of the condition as required by 145.A.60(b).
v) Any other relevant information found during the evaluation or rectification of the
condition
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Part 145
(a) The organisation shall establish a safety and quality policy for the organisation to
be included in the exposition under 145.A.70.
(b) The organisation shall establish procedures agreed by the competent authority
taking into account human factors and human performance to ensure good
maintenance practices and compliance with this Part which shall include a clear work
order or contract such that aircraft and components may be released to service in
accordance with point 145.A.50.
1. The maintenance procedures under this paragraph apply to points 145.A.25
to 145.A.95.
2. The maintenance procedures established or to be established by the
organisation under this paragraph shall cover all aspects of carrying out the
maintenance activity, including the provision and control of specialised
services and lay down the standards to which the organisation intends to work.
3. With regard to aircraft line and base maintenance, the organisation shall
establish procedures to minimise the risk of multiple errors and capture errors
on critical systems, and to ensure that no person is required to carry out and
inspect in relation to a maintenance task involving some element of
disassembly/ reassembly of several components of the same type fitted to
more than one system on the same aircraft during a particular maintenance
check. However, when only one person is available to carry out these tasks
then the organisations work card or worksheet shall include an additional
stage for reinspection of the work by this person after completion of all the
same tasks.
4. Maintenance procedures shall be established to ensure that damage is
assessed and modifications and repairs are carried out using data specified in
point M.A.304.
(c) The organisation shall establish a quality system that includes the following:
1. Independent audits in order to monitor compliance with required
aircraft/aircraft component standards and adequacy of the procedures to
ensure that such procedures invoke good maintenance practices and
airworthy aircraft/aircraft components. In the smallest organisations the
independent audit part of the quality system may be contracted to another
organisation approved under this Part or a person with appropriate technical
knowledge and proven satisfactory audit experience; and
Part 145
2. A quality feedback reporting system to the person or group of persons

specified in 145.A.30(b) and ultimately to the accountable manager that
ensures proper and timely corrective action is taken in response to reports
resulting from the independent audits established to meet paragraph (1).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (a) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
AMC 145.A.65 (a) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
The safety and quality policy should as a minimum include a statement committing
the organisation to:
-
Recognise safety as a prime consideration at all times
Apply Human factors principles
Encourage personnel to report maintenance related errors/incidents
Recognise that compliance with procedures, quality standards, safety

standards and regulations is the duty of all personnel
Recognise the need for all personnel to cooperate with the quality auditors.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (b) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
AMC 145.A.65 (b) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
1. Maintenance procedures should be held current such that they reflect best practice
within the organisation. It is the responsibility of all organisations employees to report
any differences via their organisations internal occurrence reporting mechanisms.
2. All procedures, and changes to those procedures, should be verified and validated
before use where practicable.
3. All technical procedures should be designed and presented in accordance with
good human factors principles.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (b)(2) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
AMC 145.A.65 (b)(2) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
Specialised services includes any specialised activity, such as, but not limited to nondestructive testing requiring particular skills and/or qualification. 145.A.30(f) covers
the qualification of personnel but, in addition, there is a need to establish
maintenance procedures that cover the control of any specialised process.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (b)(3) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
1. The purpose of this procedure is to minimise the rare possibility of an error being
repeated whereby the identical aircraft components are not reassembled thereby
compromising more than one system. One example is the remote possibility of failure
to reinstall engine gearbox access covers or oil filler caps on all engines of a multiengined aircraft resulting in major oil loss from all engines.
Another example is the case of removal and refitment of oil filler caps, which should
require a re-inspection of all oil filler caps after the last oil filler cap has supposedly
been refitted.
2. Procedures should be established to detect and rectify maintenance errors that
could, as minimum, result in a failure, malfunction, or defect endangering the safe
operation of the aircraft if not performed properly. The procedure should identify the
method for capturing errors, and the maintenance tasks or processes concerned.
In order to determine the work items to be considered, the following maintenance
tasks should primarily be reviewed to assess their impact on safety:
-
Installation, rigging and adjustments of flight controls,
Installation of aircraft engines, propellers and rotors,
Overhaul, calibration or rigging of components such as engines, propellers,

transmissions and gearboxes
but additional information should also be processed, such as:

-
Previous experiences of maintenance errors, depending on the consequence

of the failure,
Information arising from the occurrence reporting system required by

145.A.60,
Member State requirements for error capturing, if applicable.
3. In order to prevent omissions, every maintenance task of group of tasks should be

signed-off. To ensure the task or group of task is completed is completed, it should
only be signed-off after completion. Work by unauthorized personnel (i.e. temporary
staff, trainee,..) should be checked by authorised personnel before they sign-off. The
grouping of tasks for the purpose of signing-off should allow critical steps to be
clearly identified.
Note: A sign-off is a statement by the competent person performing or supervising
the work, that the task or group of tasks has been correctly performed. A sign-off
relates to one step in the maintenance process and is therefore different to the
release to service of the aircraft. Authorised personnel means personnel formally
authorised by the maintenance organisation approval under Part-145 to sign-off
tasks. Authorised personnel are not necessarily certifying staff.
Part 145
4. The maintenance organisation should ensure that when carrying out a

modification, repair or maintenance, Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations
are not compromised; this will require the development of appropriate procedures
where necessary by the maintenance organisation. The maintenance organisation
should pay particular attention to possible adverse effects of any wiring change to the
aircraft, even a change not specifically associated with the fuel tank system. For
example, it should be common practice to identify segregation of fuel gauging system
wiring as a Critical Design Configuration Control Limitation.
Maintenance organisations can prevent adverse effects associated with wiring
changes by standardising maintenance practices through training, rather than by
periodic inspection. Training should be provided to end indiscriminate routing and
splicing of wire and to provide comprehensive knowledge of critical design features of
fuel tank systems that would be controlled by a Critical Design Configuration Control
Limitation. EASA guidance is provided for training to maintenance organisation
personnel in an Appendix IV to be added to AMC to Part-145.
The maintenance of ignition prevention features is necessary for the inherent safety
and reliability of an aircrafts fuel tank system. The aircraft cannot be operated
indefinitely with the failure of an ignition prevention feature. The failure will have a
direct adverse effect on operational safety. It could prevent the continued safe flight
and landing of the aircraft or cause serious or fatal injury to the occupants. The fuel
system review required will identify ignition prevention features of the design. The
failure of any of these features may not immediately result in an unsafe condition, but
it may warrant certain maintenance to support continued airworthiness.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (c)(1) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
AMC 145.A.65 (c)(1) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
1. The primary objectives of the quality system are to enable the organisation to
ensure that it can deliver a safe product and that organisation remains in compliance
with the requirements.
2. An essential element of the quality system is the independent audit.
3. The independent audit is an objective process of routine sample checks of all
aspects of the organisations ability to carry out all maintenance to the required
standards and includes some product sampling as this is the end result of the
maintenance process. It represents an objective overview of the complete
maintenance related activities and is intended to complement the 145.A.50(a)
requirement for certifying staff to be satisfied that all required maintenance has been
properly carried out before issue of the certificate of release to service. Independent
audits should include a percentage of random audits carried out on a sample basis
when maintenance is being carried out. This means some audits during the night for
those organisations that work at night.
4. Except as specified in sub-paragraphs 7 and 9, the independent audit should
ensure that all aspects of Part-145 compliance are checked every 12 months and
may be carried out as a complete single exercise or subdivided over the 12 month
period in accordance with a scheduled plan. The independent audit does not require
each procedure to be checked against each product line when it can be shown that
the particular procedure is common to more than one product line and the procedure
has been checked every 12 months without resultant findings. Where findings have
been identified, the particular procedure should be rechecked against other product
lines until the findings have been rectified after which the independent audit
procedure may revert back to 12 monthly for the particular procedure.
5. Except as specified otherwise in subparagraphs 7, the independent audit should
sample check one product on each product line every 12 months as a demonstration
of the effectiveness of maintenance procedures compliance. It is recommended that
procedures and product audits be combined by selecting a specific product example,
such as an aircraft or engine or instrument and sample checking all the procedures
and requirements associated with the specific product example to ensure that theend
result should be an airworthy product.
For the purpose of the independent audit, a product line includes any product under
an Appendix II approval class rating as specified in the approval schedule issued to
the particular organisation.
It therefore follows for example that a maintenance organisation approved under
Part-145 with a capability to maintain aircraft, repair engines, brakes and autopilots
would need to carry out four complete audit sample checks each year except as
specified otherwise in subparagraphs 5, 7 or 9.
6. The sample check of a product means to witness any relevant testing and visually
inspect the product and associated documentation. The sample check should not
Part 145
involve repeat disassembly or testing unless the sample check identifies findings
requiring such action.
7. Except as specified otherwise in sub-paragraph 9, where the smallest
organisation, that is an organisation with a maximum of 10 personnel actively
engaged in maintenance, chooses to contract the independent audit element of the
quality system in accordance with 145.A.65 (c)(1) it is conditional on the audit being
carried out twice in every 12 month period.
8. Except as specified otherwise in sub-paragraph 9, where the organisation has line
stations listed as per 145.A.75 (d) the quality system should describe how these are
integrated into the system and include a plan to audit each listed line station at a
frequency consistent with the extent of flight activity at the particular line station.
Except as specified otherwise in sub-paragraph 9 the maximum period between
audits of a particular line station should not exceed 24 months.
9. Except as specified otherwise in sub-paragraph 5, the competent authority may
agree to increase any of the audit time periods specified in this AMC 145.A.65 (c)(1)
by up to 100% provided that there are no safety related findings and subject to being
satisfied that the organisation has a good record of rectifying findings in a timely
manner.
10. A report should be raised each time an audit is carried out describing what was
checked and the resulting findings against applicable requirements, procedures and
products.
11. The independence of the audit should be established by always ensuring that
audits are carried out by personnel not responsible for the function, procedure or
products being checked. It therefore follows that a large maintenance organisation
approved under Part-145, being an organisation with more than about 500
maintenance staff should have a dedicated quality audit group whose sole function is
to conduct audits, raise finding reports and follow up to check that findings are being
rectified. For the medium sized maintenance organisation approved under Part-145,
being an organisation with less than about 500 maintenance staff, it is acceptable to
use competent personnel from one section/department not responsible for the
production function, procedure or product to audit the section/department that is
responsible subject to the overall planning and implementation being under the
control of the quality manager. Organisations with a maximum of 10 maintenance
staff actively engaged in carrying out maintenance may contract the independent
audit element of the quality system to another organisation or a qualified and
competent person approved by the competent authority.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.65 (c)(2) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and
quality system
1. An essential element of the quality system is the quality feedback system.
2. The quality feedback system may not be contracted to outside persons. The
principal function of the quality feedback system is to ensure that all findings resulting
from the independent quality audits of the organisation are properly investigated and
corrected in a timely manner and to enable the accountable manager to be kept
informed of any safety issues and the extent of compliance with Part-145.
3. The independent quality audit reports referenced in AMC 145.A.65(c)(1)
subparagraph 10 should be sent to the relevant department(s) for rectification action
giving target rectification dates. Rectification dates should be discussed with such
department(s) before the quality department or nominated quality auditor confirms
such dates in the report. The relevant department(s) are required by 145.A.65(c)(2)
to rectify findings and inform the quality department or nominated quality auditor of
such rectification.
4. The accountable manager should hold regular meetings with staff to check
progress on rectification except that in the large organisations such meetings may be
delegated on a day to day basis to the quality manager subject to the accountable
manager meeting at least twice per year with the senior staff involved to review the
overall performance and receiving at least a half yearly summary report on findings of
noncompliance.
5. All records pertaining to the independent quality audit and the quality feedback
system should be retained for at least 2 years after the date of clearance of the
finding to which they refer or for such periods as to support changes to the AMC
145.A.65(c)(1) sub-paragraph 9 audit time periods, whichever is the longer.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.65 (c)(1) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
GM 145.A.65 (c)(1)Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and

quality system
1. The purpose of this GM is to give guidance on just one acceptable working audit
plan to meet part of the needs of 145.A.65 (c)1. There is any number of other
acceptable working audit plans.
2. The proposed plan lists the subject matter that should be covered by the audit and
attempts to indicate applicability in the various types of workshops and aircraft
facilities. The list should therefore be tailored for the particular situation and more
than one list may be necessary. Each list should be shown against a timetable to
indicate when the particular item is scheduled for audit and when the audit was
completed.
PARA
145.A.25
145.A.30
145.A.35
145.A.40
145.A.42
145.A.45
145.A.47
145.A.50
145.A.55
145.A.60
145.A.65
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
L2.1
L2.2
L2.3
L2.4
L2.5
L2.6
L2.7
3.9
Comment
HANGAR
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
iff appl
ENGINE
Workshop
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
iff appl
MECH
Workshop
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
iff appl
AVIONICS
Workshop
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
iff appl
Part 145
GM 145.A.65 (c)(1) Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
PARA
Comment
HANGAR
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
145.A.70
145.A.75
145.A.80
145.A.85
145.A.95
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
MOE
iff appl
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
ENGINE
Workshop
iff appl
iff appl
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
MECH
Workshop
iff appl
iff appl
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
AVIONICS
Workshop
iff appl
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
iff appl
Note 1: if appl means if applicable or relevant.

Note 2: In the line station case all line stations should be audited at the frequency
agreed with the competent authority within the limits of AMC 145.A.65 (c)(1).
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Part 145

(a) Maintenance organisation exposition means the document or documents that
contain the material specifying the scope of work deemed to constitute approval and
showing how the organisation intends to comply with this Part. The organisation shall
provide the competent authority with a maintenance organisation exposition,
containing the following information:
1. A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the
maintenance organisation exposition and any referenced associated manuals
define the organisation's compliance with this Part and will be complied with at
all times. When the accountable manager is not the chief executive officer of
the organisation then such chief executive officer shall countersign the
statement;
2. the organisation's safety and quality policy as specified by 145.A.65;
3. the title(s) and name(s) of the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b);
4. the duties and responsibilities of the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b),
including matters on which they may deal directly with the competent authority
on behalf of the organisation;
5. an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility between
the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b);
6. a list of certifying staff and support staff;
7. a general description of manpower resources;
8. a general description of the facilities located at each address specified in
the organisation's approval certificate;
9. a specification of the organisation's scope of work relevant to the extent of
approval;
10. the notification procedure of 145.A.85 for organisation changes;
11. the maintenance organisation exposition amendment procedure;
12. the procedures and quality system established by the organisation under
145.A.25 to 145.A.90;
13. a list of commercial operators, where applicable, to which the organisation
provides an aircraft maintenance service;
14. a list of subcontracted organisations, where applicable, as specified in
145.A.75(b);
15. a list of line stations, where applicable, as specified in 145.A.75(d);
Part 145
16. a list of contracted organisations, where applicable.

(b) The exposition shall be amended as necessary to remain an up-to-date
description of the organisation The exposition and any subsequent amendment shall
be approved by the competent authority.
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) minor amendments to the exposition may be
approved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter called indirect approval).
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.70 (a) Maintenance organisation exposition
AMC 145.A.70 (a) Maintenance organisation exposition

The following information should be included in the maintenance organisation
exposition:
The information specified in 145.A.70(a) subparagraphs (6) and (12) to (16) inclusive,
whilst a part of the maintenance organisation exposition, may be kept as separate
documents or on separate electronic data files subject to the management part of
said exposition containing a clear cross-reference to such documents or electronic
data files.
The exposition should contain the information, as applicable, specified in this AMC.
The information may be presented in any subject order as long as all applicable
subjects are covered. Where an organisation uses a different format, for example, to
allow the exposition to serve for more than one approval, then the exposition should
contain a cross reference Annex using this list as an index with an explanation as to
where the subject matter can be found in the exposition.
The exposition should contain information, as applicable, on how the maintenance
organisation complies with Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations
(CDCCL) instructions.
Small maintenance organisations may combine the various items to form a simple
exposition more relevant to their needs.
The operator may use electronic data processing (EDP) for publication of the
maintenance organisation exposition. The maintenance organisation exposition
should be made available to the approving competent authority in a form acceptable
to the competent authority. Attention should be paid to the compatibility of EDP
publication systems with the necessary dissemination of the maintenance
organisation exposition, both internally and externally.
PART 0 GENERAL ORGANISATION (Operators within the European Union)
This section is reserved for those maintenance organisations approved under Part145 who are also operators within the European Union.
PART 1 MANAGEMENT
1.1
Corporate commitment by the accountable manager
1.2
Safety and quality policy
1.3
Management personnel
1.4
Duties and responsibilities of the management personnel
1.5
Management organisation chart
1.6
List of certifying staff and B1 and B2 support staff
1.7
Manpower resources
1.8
General description of the facilities at each address intended to be approved
1.9
Organisations intended scope of work
1.10 Notification procedure to the competent authority regarding changes to the
organisations activities/approval/location/personnel
1.11 Exposition amendment procedures including, if applicable, delegated
procedures
Part 145
AMC 145.A.70 Maintenance organisation exposition
PART 2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

2.1
Supplier evaluation and subcontract control procedure
2.2
Acceptance/inspection of aircraft components and material from outside
contractors
2.3
Storage, tagging and release of aircraft components and material to aircraft
maintenance
2.4
Acceptance of tools and equipment
2.5
Calibration of tools and equipment
2.6
Use of tooling and equipment by staff (including alternate tools)
2.7
Cleanliness standards of maintenance facilities
2.8
Maintenance instructions and relationship to aircraft/aircraft component
manufacturers instructions including updating and availability to staff
2.9
Repair procedure
2.10 Aircraft maintenance programme compliance
2.11 Airworthiness directives procedure
2.12 Optional modification procedure
2.13 Maintenance documentation in use and completion of same
2.14 Technical record control
2.15 Rectification of defects arising during base maintenance
2.16 Release to service procedure
2.17 Records for the operator
2.18 Reporting of defects to the competent authority/operator/manufacturer
2.19 Return of defective aircraft components to store
2.20 Defective components to outside contractors
2.21 Control of computer maintenance record systems
2.22 Control of manhour planning versus scheduled maintenance work
2.23 Control of critical tasks
2.24 Reference to specific maintenance procedures such as Engine running procedures
Aircraft pressure run procedures
Aircraft towing procedures
Aircraft taxiing procedures
2.25 Procedures to detect and rectify maintenance errors.
2.26 Shift/task handover procedures
2.27 Procedures for notification of maintenance data inaccuracies and
ambiguities,to the type certificate holder
2.28 Production planning procedures
PART L2 ADDITIONAL LINE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
L2.1 Line maintenance control of aircraft components, tools, equipment, etc.
L2.2 Line maintenance procedures related to servicing/fuelling/de-icing including
inspection for/removal of de-icing/anti-icing fluid residues, etc.
L2.3 Line maintenance control of defects and repetitive defects
L2.4 Line procedure for completion of technical log
L2.5 Line procedure for pooled parts and loan parts
L2.6 Line procedure for return of defective parts removed from aircraft
L2.7 Line procedure control of critical tasks
PART 3 QUALITY SYSTEM PROCEDURES
3.1
Quality audit of organisation procedures
Part 145
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
Quality audit of aircraft

Quality audit remedial action procedure
Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff qualification and training
procedures
Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff records
Quality audit personnel
Qualifying inspectors
Qualifying mechanics
Aircraft or aircraft component maintenance tasks exemption process control
Concession control for deviation from organisations procedures
Qualification procedure for specialised activities such as NDT welding, etc.
Control of manufacturers and other maintenance working teams
Human factors training procedure
Competence assessment of personnel
Training procedures for on-the-job training as per Section 6 of Appendix III to
Part-66 (limited to the case where the competent authority for the Part-145
approval and for the Part-66 licence is the same).
Procedure for the issue of a recommendation to the competent authority for
the issue of a Part-66 licence in accordance with 66.B.105 (limited to the case
where the competent authority for the Part-145 approval and for the Part-66
licence is the same).
PART 4
4.1
Contracting operators
4.2
Operator procedures and paperwork
4.3
Operator record completion
PART 5
5.1
Sample of documents
5.2
List of Subcontractors as per 145.A.75 (b)
5.3
List of Line maintenance locations as per 145.A.75 (d)
5.4
List of contracted organisations as per 145.A.70 (a)(16)
PART 6 OPERATORS MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
This section is reserved for those maintenance organisations approved under Part145 who are also operators.
PART 7 FAA SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES FOR A FAR PART-145 REPAIR
STATION
This section is reserved for those maintenance organisations approved under Part145 who are also certificated as a FAA FAR Part-145 repair station.
The content of this Part reflects the differences between Part-145 and FAR Parts
43/145 which will change over the time as harmonisation and experience with the
FAA progresses. FAA Advisory Circular 145-7A Appendix 2 contains details of the
Part 7 contents.
PART 8 TRANSPORT CANADA CIVIL AVIATION (TCCA) SUPPLEMENTARY
PROCEDURES FOR A TCCA AM573 MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION
Part 145
This section is reserved for those Part-145 approved maintenance organisations who
are also approved as a TCCA AM 573 maintenance organisation.
The content of this Part reflects the difference between Part-145 and AM 573 and will
change over the time as harmonisation and experience with Transport Canada Civil
Aviation progresses.
TCCA Aircraft Maintenance & Manufacturing Staff Instruction MSI 10 Appendix A
contains details of the Part 8 contents.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.70 (a) Maintenance organisation exposition

1. The purpose of the maintenance organisation exposition (MOE) is to set forth the
procedures, means and methods of the organisation.
2. Compliance with its contents will assure compliance with the requirements of Part145, which is a prerequisite to obtaining and retaining a maintenance organisation
approval certificate.
3. 145.A.70 (a)(1) to (a)(11) constitutes the management part of the MOE and
therefore could be produced as one document and made available to the person(s)
specified under 145.A.30 (b) who should be reasonably familiar with its contents.
145.A.70 (a)(6) list of certifying staff and B1 and B2 support staff may be produced as
a separate document.
4. 145.A.70 (a)(12) constitutes the working procedures of the organisation and
therefore as stated in the requirement may be produced as any number of separate
procedures manuals. It should be remembered that these documents should be
cross-referenced from the management MOE.
5. Personnel are expected to be familiar with those parts of the manuals that are
relevant to the maintenance work they carry out.
6. The organisation should specify in the MOE who should amend the manual
particularly in the case where there are several parts.
7. The quality manager should be responsible for monitoring the amendment of the
MOE, unless otherwise agreed by the competent authority, including associated
procedures manuals and submission of the proposed amendments to the competent
authority. However the competent authority may agree via a procedure stated in the
amendment section of the MOE that some defined class of amendments may be
incorporated without prior approval by the competent authority.
8. The MOE should cover four main parts:
a. The management MOE covering the parts specified earlier.
b. The maintenance procedures covering all aspects of how aircraft
components may be accepted from outside sources and how aircraft will be
maintained to the required standard.
c. The quality system procedures including the methods of qualifying
mechanics, inspection, certifying staff and quality audit personnel.
d. Contracting operator procedures and paperwork.
9. The accountable managers exposition statement as specified under 145.A.70
(a)(1) should embrace the intent of the following paragraph and in fact this statement
may be used without amendment. Any modification to the statement should not alter
the intent.
Part 145
This exposition and any associated referenced manuals define the organisation and
procedures upon which the (competent authority*) Part-145 approval is based as
required by 145.A.70. These procedures are approved by the undersigned and
should be complied with, as applicable, when work orders are being progressed
under the terms of the Part-145 approval.
It is accepted that these procedures do not override the necessity of complying with
any new or amended regulation published by the (competent authority*) from time to
time where these new or amended regulations are in conflict with these procedures.
It is understood that the (competent authority*) will approve this organisation whilst
the (competent authority*) is satisfied that the procedures are being followed and
work standards maintained. It is further understood that the (competent authority*)
reserves the right to suspend, limit or revoke the approval of the organisation if the
(competent authority*) has evidence that procedures are not followed or standards
not upheld.
Signed ............................................................
Dated ............................................................
Accountable
Manager
.....................................
and
.....................................
(quote
position)
For and on behalf of ..................................... (quote organisations name)

...............................
NOTE: Where it states (competent authority*) please insert the actual name of the
competent authority, for example, EASA, CAA-NL, LBA, DGAC, CAA, etc.
Whenever the accountable manager changes, it is important to ensure that the new
accountable manager signs the paragraph 9 statement at the earliest opportunity.
Failure to carry out this action could invalidate the Part-145 approval. When an
organisation is approved against any other Part containing a requirement for an
exposition, a supplement covering the differences will suffice to meet the
requirements except that the supplement should have an index showing where those
parts missing from the supplement are covered.
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Part 145

In accordance with the exposition, the organisation shall be entitled to carry out the
following tasks:
(a) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at the locations
identified in the approval certificate and in the exposition;
(b) Arrange for maintenance of any aircraft or component for which it is approved at
another organisation that is working under the quality system of the organisation.
This refers to work being carried out by an organisation not itself appropriately
approved to carry out such maintenance under this Part and is limited to the work
scope permitted under 145.A.65(b) procedures. This work scope shall not include a
base maintenance check of an aircraft or a complete workshop maintenance check
or overhaul of an engine or engine module;
(c) Maintain any aircraft or any component for which it is approved at any location
subject to the need for such maintenance arising either from the unserviceability of
the aircraft or from the necessity of supporting occasional line maintenance, subject
to the conditions specified in the exposition;
(d) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at a location
identified as a line maintenance location capable of supporting minor maintenance
and only if the organisation exposition both permits such activity and lists such
locations;
(e) Issue certificates of release to service in respect of completion of maintenance in
accordance with 145.A.50.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.75 (b) Privileges of the organisation

1. Working under the quality system of an organisation appropriately approved under
Part-145 (sub contracting) refers to the case of one organisation, not itself
appropriately approved to Part-145 that carries out aircraft line maintenance or minor
engine maintenance or maintenance of other aircraft components or a specialised
service as a subcontractor for an organisation appropriately approved under Part145. To be appropriately approved to subcontract the organisation should have a
procedure for the control of such subcontractors as described below. Any approved
maintenance organisation that carries out maintenance for another approved
maintenance organisation within its own approval scope is not considered to be
subcontracting for the purpose of this paragraph.
NOTE: For those organisations approved under Part-145 that are also certificated by
the FAA under FAR Part-145 it should be noted that FAR Part-145 is more restrictive
in respect of maintenance activities that can be contracted or sub-contracted to
another maintenance organisation. It is therefore recommended that any listing of
contracted or sub-contracted maintenance organisations should identify which meet
the Part- 145 criteria and which meet the FAR Part-145 criteria.
2. Maintenance of engines or engine modules other than a complete workshop
maintenance check or overhaul is intended to mean any maintenance that can be
carried out without disassembly of the core engine or, in the case of modular
engines, without disassembly of any core module.
3. FUNDAMENTALS OF SUB-CONTRACTING UNDER PART-145
3.1 The fundamental reasons for allowing an organisation approved under
Part-145 to sub-contract certain maintenance tasks are:
(a) To permit the acceptance of specialised maintenance services, such
as, but not limited to, plating, heat treatment, plasma spray, fabrication
of specified parts for minor repairs / modifications, etc., without the need
for direct approval by the competent authority in such cases.
(b) To permit the acceptance of aircraft maintenance up to but not
including a base maintenance check as specified in 145.A.75(b) by
organisations not appropriately approved under Part-145 when it is
unrealistic to expect direct approval by the competent authority. The
competent authority will determine when it is unrealistic but in general it
is considered unrealistic if only one or two organisations intend to use
the sub-contract organisation.
(c) To permit the acceptance of component maintenance.
(d) To permit the acceptance of engine maintenance up to but not
including a workshop maintenance check or overhaul of an engine or
engine module as specified in 145.A.75(b) by organisations not
appropriately approved under Part-145 when it is unrealistic to expect
direct approval by the competent authority. The determination of
unrealistic is as per sub-paragraph (b).
Part 145
3.2 When maintenance is carried out under the sub-contract control system it
means that for the duration of such maintenance, the Part-145 approval has
been temporarily extended to include the sub-contractor. It therefore follows
that those parts of the sub-contractor`s facilities personnel and procedures
involved with the maintenance organisations products undergoing
maintenance should meet Part-145 requirements for the duration of that
maintenance and it remains the organisations responsibility to ensure such
requirements are satisfied.
3.3 For the criteria specified in sub-paragraph 3.1 the organisation is not required to
have complete facilities for maintenance that it needs to sub-contract but it should
have its own expertise to determine that the sub-contractor meets the necessary
standards. However an organisation cannot be approved unless it has the in -house
facilities, procedures and expertise to carry out the majority of maintenance for which
it wishes to be approved in terms of the number of class ratings.
3.4 The organisation may find it necessary to include several specialist subcontractors to enable it to be approved to completely certify the release to service of
a particular product. Examples could be specialist welding, electro-plating, painting
etc. To authorise the use of such subcontractors, the competent authority will need to
be satisfied that the organisation has the necessary expertise and procedures to
control such sub-contractors.
3.5 An organisation working outside the scope of its approval schedule is deemed to
be not approved. Such an organisation may in this circumstance operate only under
the sub-contract control of another organisation approved under Part-145.
3.6 Authorisation to sub-contract is indicated by the competent authority accepting
the maintenance organisation exposition containing a specific procedure on the
control of sub-contractors.
4 PRINCIPAL PART-145 PROCEDURES FOR THE CONTROL OF SUB
CONTRACTORS NOT APPROVED UNDER PART-145
4.1 A pre-audit procedure should be established whereby the maintenance
organisations subcontract control section, which may also be the 145.A.65 (c) quality
system independent audit section, should audit a prospective subcontractor to
determine whether those services of the subcontractor that it wishes to use meets the
intent of Part-145.
4.2 The organisation approved under Part-145 needs to assess to what extent it will
use the sub-contractor`s facilities. As a general rule the organisation should require
its own paperwork, approved data and material/spare parts to be used, but it could
permit the use of tools, equipment and personnel from the subcontractor as long as
such tools, equipment and personnel meet the requirement of Part-145. In the case
of sub-contractors who provide specialised services it may for practical reasons be
necessary to use their specialised services personnel, approved data and material
subject to acceptance by the organisation approved under Part-145.
Part 145
4.3 Unless the sub-contracted maintenance work can be fully inspected on receipt by
the organisation approved under Part-145 it will be necessary for such organisation
to supervise the inspection and release from the sub-contractor. Such activities
should be fully described in the organisation procedure. The organisation will need to
consider whether to use its own staff or authorise the sub-contractors staff.
4.4 The certificate of release to service may be issued either at the sub-contractor or
at the organisation facility by staff issued a certification authorisation in accordance
with -145.A.30 as appropriate, by the organisation approved under Part-145. Such
staff would normally come from the organisation approved under Part-145 but may
otherwise be a person from the sub-contractor who meets the approved maintenance
organisation certifying staff standard which itself is approved by the competent
authority via the maintenance organisation exposition. The certificate of release to
service and the EASA Form 1 will always be issued under the maintenance
organisation approval reference.
4.5 The sub-contract control procedure will need to record audits of the subcontractor, to have a corrective action follow up plan and to know when subcontractors are being used. The procedure should include a clear revocation process
for subcontractors who do not meet the Part-145 approved maintenance
organisations requirements.
4.6 The Part-145 quality audit staff will need to audit the sub-contract control section
and sample audit sub-contractors unless this task is already carried out by the quality
audit staff as stated in sub-paragraph 4.1.
4.7 The contract between the Part-145 approved maintenance organisation and the
sub-contractor should contain a provision for the competent authority and EASA
standardisation team staff to have right of access to the sub-contractor.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation
GM 145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation

None
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Part 145

The organisation shall only maintain an aircraft or component for which it is approved
when all the necessary facilities, equipment, tooling, material, maintenance data and
certifying staff are available.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
AMC 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation

This paragraph is intended to cover the situation where the larger organisation may
temporarily not hold all the necessary tools, equipment etc., for an aircraft type or
variant specified in the organisations approval. This paragraph means that the
competent authority need not amend the approval to delete the aircraft type or
variants on the basis that it is a temporary situation and there is a commitment from
the organisation to reacquire tools, equipment etc. before maintenance on the type
may recommence.
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Part 145
GM 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
GM 145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation

None
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Part 145

The organisation shall notify the competent authority of any proposal to carry out any
of the following changes before such changes take place to enable the competent
authority to determine continued compliance with this Part and to amend, if
necessary, the approval certificate, except that in the case of proposed changes in
personnel not known to the management beforehand, these changes must be
notified at the earliest opportunity:
1. the name of the organisation;
2. the main location of the organisation;
3. additional locations of the organisation;
4. the accountable manager;
5. any of the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b);
6. the facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope or
certifying staff that could affect the approval.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
AMC 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation

None
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Part 145
GM 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
GM 145.A.85 Changes to the organisation

None
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Part 145

(a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid subject
to:
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with Annex II (Part-145), in
accordance with the provisions related to the handling of findings as specified
under point 145.B.50; and
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organisation to
determine continued compliance with this Part; and
3. the certificate not being surrendered or revoked.
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returned to the competent
authority.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.90 Continued validity
AMC 145.A.90 Continued validity

None
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Part 145
GM 145.A.90 Continued validity
GM 145.A.90 Continued validity

None
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Part 145
145.A.95 Findings
145.A.95 Findings
(a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with Part-145 requirements
which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriously the flight safety.
(b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-145 requirements which
could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight safety.
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 145.B.50, the holder of the
maintenance organisation approval shall define a corrective action plan and
demonstrate corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent authority within a
period agreed with this authority.
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Part 145
AMC 145.A.95 Findings
AMC 145.A.95 Findings

None
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Part 145
GM 145.A.95 Findings
GM 145.A.95 Findings
None
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Part 145
SECTION B PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
SECTION B
PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT
AUTHORITIES
Part 145
145.B.01 Scope
145.B.01 Scope
This section establishes the administrative procedures which the competent authority
shall follow when exercising its tasks and responsibilities regarding issuance,
continuation, change, suspension or revocation of Part-145 maintenance
organisation approvals.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.01 Scope
AMC 145.B.01 Scope

None
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Part 145
GM 145.B.01 Scope
GM 145.B.01 Scope
None
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Part 145

1. General
The Member State shall designate a competent authority with allocated
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspension or revocation of a
maintenance approval. This competent authority shall establish documented
procedures and an organisational structure.
2. Resources
The number of staff must be appropriate to carry out the requirements as detailed in
this section.
3. Qualification and training
All staff involved in Part-145 approvals must:
(a) be appropriately qualified and have all necessary knowledge, experience
and training to perform their allocated tasks.
(b) have received training/continuation training on Part-145 where relevant,
including its intended meaning and standard.
4. Procedures
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing how compliance with
this Section B is accomplished.
The procedures must be reviewed and amended to ensure continued compliance.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.10 (1) Competent authority -General
AMC 145.B.10 (1) Competent authority General

1. In deciding upon the required organisational structure, the competent authority
should review the number of certificates to be issued, the number and size of
potential Part-145 approved maintenance organisations within that Member State, as
well as the level of civil aviation activity, number and complexity of aircraft and the
size of the Member States aviation industry.
2. The competent authority should retain effective control of important surveillance
functions and not delegate them in such a way that Part-145 organisations, in effect,
regulate themselves in airworthiness matters.
3. The set-up of the organisational structure should ensure that the various tasks and
obligations of the competent authority are not relying on individuals. That means that
a continuing and undisturbed fulfilment of these tasks and obligations of the
competent authority should also be guaranteed in case of illness, accident or leave of
individual employees.
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AMC 145.B.10 (3) Competent authority Qualification and training
Part 145
AMC 145.B.10 (3) Competent authority Qualification and training

1. competent authority surveyors should have:
1.1 practical experience and expertise in the application of aviation safety
standards and safe operating practices;
1.2 comprehensive knowledge of:
a. relevant parts of implementing rules, certification specifications and
guidance material;
b. the competent authoritys procedures;
c. the rights and obligations of a surveyor;
d. quality systems;
e. continuing airworthiness management.
f. operational procedures when affecting the continuing airworthiness
management of the aircraft or the maintenance
1.3 training on auditing techniques.
1.4 Five years relevant work experience to be allowed to work as a surveyor
independently.
This may include experience gained during training to obtain the 1.5
qualification.
1.5 a relevant engineering degree or an aircraft maintenance technician
qualification with additional education. relevant engineering degree means an
engineering degree from aeronautical, mechanical, electrical, electronic,
avionic or other studies relevant to the maintenance and continuing
airworthiness of aircraft/ aircraft components.
1.6 knowledge of maintenance standards, including Fuel Tank Safety (FTS)
training as described in Appendix IV to AMC to 145.A.30 (e) and 145.B.10 (3)
2. In addition to technical competency, surveyors should have a high degree of
integrity, be impartial in carrying out their tasks, be tactful, and have a good
understanding of human nature.
3. A programme for continuation training should be developed ensuring that the
surveyors remain competent to perform their allocated tasks.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.10 (4) Competent authority - Procedures
AMC 145.B.10 (4) Competent authority Procedures

The documented procedures should contain the following information:
(a) The Member States designation of the competent authority(ies).
(b) The title(s) and name(s) of the manager(s) of the competent authority and their
duties and responsibilities.
(c) Organisation chart(s) showing associated chains of responsibility of the senior
persons.
(d) A procedure defining the qualifications for staff together with a list of staff
authorised to sign certificates.
(e) A general description of the facilities.
(f) Procedures specifying how the competent authority(ies) ensure(s) compliance with
Part-145.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.10 Competent authority
GM 145.B.10 Competent authority

None
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Part 145

Where maintenance facilities are located in more than one Member State the
investigation and continued oversight of the approval must be carried out in
conjunction with the competent authorities from the Member States in whose territory
the other maintenance facilities are located.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
AMC 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States

None
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Part 145
GM 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
GM 145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States

None
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Part 145

1. Provided the requirements of 145.A.30(a) and (b) are complied with, the
competent authority shall formally indicate its acceptance of the personnel, specified
in 145.A.30(a) and (b), to the applicant in writing.
2. The competent authority shall verify that the procedures specified in the
maintenance organisation exposition comply with Part-145 and verify that the
accountable manager signs the commitment statement.
3. The competent authority shall verify that the organisation is in compliance with the
requirements of Part-145.
4. A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once during
the investigation for approval to ensure that he/she fully understands the significance
of the approval and the reason for signing the exposition commitment of the
organisation to compliance with the procedures specified in the exposition.
5. All findings must be confirmed in writing to the organisation.
6. The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (actions required
to close a finding) and recommendations
7. For initial approval all findings must be corrected before the approval can be
issued.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.20 (1) Initial approval
AMC 145.B.20 (1) Initial approval (*)

1. Formally indicated by the competent authority in writing means that the EASA
Form 4 should be used for this activity. With the exception of the accountable
manager, an EASA Form 4 should be completed for each person nominated to hold
a position as required by 145.A.30(b).
2. Formal indication of acceptance should be by use of the EASA Form 4 or in the
case of the Accountable Manager via approval of the Maintenance Organisation
Exposition containing the Accountable Managers commitment statement.
3. The competent authority may reject an accountable manager where there is clear
evidence that they previously held a senior position in any JAR/Part approved
Organisation and abused that position by not complying with the particular JAR/Part
requirements.
* See Appendix I to AMC 145.B.20 (1): EASA Form 4
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Part 145

Verification that the organisation complies with the exposition procedures should be
established by the competent authority approving the maintenance organisation
exposition.
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Part 145

1. The competent authority should determine by whom, and how the audit shall be
conducted. For example, for a large organisation, it will be necessary to determine
whether one large team audit or a short series of small team audits or a long series of
single man audits are most appropriate for the particular situation.
2. It is recommended that the audit is carried out on a product line type basis in that,
for example, in the case of an organisation with Airbus A310 and A320 ratings, the
audit be concentrated on one type only for a full compliance check and dependant
upon the result, the second type may only require a sample check against those
activities seen to be weak on compliance for the first type.
3. The competent authority auditing surveyor should always ensure that he/she is
accompanied throughout the audit by a senior technical member of the organisation.
Normally this is the quality manager. The reason for being accompanied is to ensure
the organisation is fully aware of any findings during the audit.
4. The auditing Surveyor should inform the senior technical member of the
organisation at the end of the audit visit on all findings made during the audit.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.20 (5) Initial approval (**)

1. The audit report form should be the EASA Form 6.
2. A quality review of the EASA Form 6 audit report form should be carried out by a
competent independent person nominated by the competent authority. The review
should take into account the relevant paragraphs of Part-145, the categorisation of
finding levels and the closure action taken. Satisfactory review of the audit form
should be indicated by a signature on the audit form.
** See Appendix II to AMC 145.B.20 (5): EASA Form 6
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Part 145

1. The reports should include the date each finding was cleared together with
reference to the competent authority report or letter that confirmed the clearance.
2. There may be occasions when the competent authority surveyor may find
situations in the applicants organisation on which he/she is unsure about
compliance. In this case, the organisation should be informed about possible noncompliance at the time and the fact that the situation will be reviewed within the
competent authority before a decision is made.
If the decision is a finding of being in compliance then a verbal confirmation to the
organisation will suffice.
3. Findings should be recorded on the audit report form with a provisional
categorisation as a level 1 or 2. Subsequent to the audit visit that identified the
particular findings, the competent authority should review the provisional finding
levels, adjusting them if necessary and change the categorisation from provisional to
confirmed.
4. All findings should be confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation within 2
weeks of the audit visit.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.20 Initial approval
GM 145.B.20 Initial approval

None
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Part 145

1. The competent authority shall formally approve the exposition and issue to the
applicant a Form 3 approval certificate, which includes the approval ratings. The
competent authority shall only issue a certificate when the organisation is in
compliance with Part-145.
2. The competent authority shall indicate the conditions of the approval on the Form 3
approval certificate.
3. The reference number shall be included on the Form 3 approval certificate in a
manner specified by the Agency.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.25 (1) Issue of approval

1. For approvals involving more than one Member State, the approval should be
granted in conjunction with the Member State in whose territory the other
maintenance facilities are located. For practical reasons it is recommended that the
initial approval should be granted on the basis of a joint audit visit by the approving
Member State and the Member State in whose territory the facility is located. Audits
related to the continuation of the approval should be delegated to the Member State
in whose territory the facility is located with the audit form and recommendation
submitted to the approving Member State.
2. The approval should be based only upon the organisational capability (including
any associated sub-contractors) relative to Part-145 and not limited by reference to
EASA/national type certificated products.
For example, if the organisation is capable of maintaining within the limitation of Part145 the Boeing 737-200 series aircraft the approval schedule should state A1 Boeing
737-200 series and not Boeing 737-2H6 which is a particular airline designator for
one of many -200 series.
3. The competent authority should indicate approval of the exposition in writing.
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Part 145

The validity of the Part-145 approval should be of unlimited duration.
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Part 145

The numeric sequence should be unique to the particular approved maintenance
organisation.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.25 Issue of approval
GM 145.B.25 Issue of approval

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Part 145

The continuation of an approval shall be monitored in accordance with the applicable
initial approval process under 145.B.20. In addition:
1. The competent authority shall keep and update a program listing the
approved maintenance organisations under its supervision, the dates when
audit visits are due and when such visits were carried out.
2. Each organisation must be completely reviewed for compliance with Part145 at periods not exceeding 24 months.
3. A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once
every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of significant issues
arising during audits.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.30 (1) Continuation of an approval

Credit may be claimed by the competent authority surveyor(s) for specific item audits
completed during the preceding 23 month period subject to four conditions:
-
the specific item audit should be the same as that required by Part-145 latest
amendment, and
there should be satisfactory evidence on record that such specific item audits
were carried out and that all corrective actions have been taken, and
the competent authority surveyor(s) should be satisfied that there is no reason

to believe standards have deteriorated in respect of those specific item audits
being granted a back credit, and
the specific item audit being granted a back credit should be audited not later
than 24 months after the last audit of the item.
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Part 145

1. Where the competent authority has decided that a series of audit visits are
necessary to arrive at a complete audit of an organisation, the program should
indicate which aspects of the approval will be covered on each visit.
2. It is recommended that part of an audit concentrates on two ongoing aspects of
the Part-145 approval, namely the organisations internal self monitoring quality
reports produced by the quality monitoring personnel to determine if the organisation
is identifying and correcting its problems and secondly the number of concessions
granted by the quality manager.
3. At the successful conclusion of the audit including approval of the exposition, an
audit report form should be completed by the auditing surveyor including all recorded
findings, closure actions and recommendation. An EASA Form 6 should be used for
this activity.
4. The accountable manager should be seen at least once every 24 months to
ensure he/she fully understands the significance of the approval.
5. In the case of line stations the competent authority can adopt a sampling program
based upon number of line stations and complexity.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.30 Continuation of an approval
GM 145.B.30 Continuation of an approval

None
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Part 145
145.B.35 Changes
145.B.35 Changes
1. The competent authority shall receive notification from the organisation of any
proposed change as listed in 145.A.85.
The competent authority shall comply with the applicable elements of the initial
process paragraphs for any change to the organisation.
2. The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which organisation
may operate during such changes unless it determines that the approval should be
suspended.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.35 Changes
AMC 145.B.35 Changes

The competent authority should have adequate control over any changes to the
management personnel specified in 145.A.30(a) and (b) and such changes in
personnel will require an amendment to the exposition.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.35 (1) Changes
AMC 145.B.35 (1) Changes

The applicable part(s) of the EASA Form 6 should be used for the changes to the
Part-145 approval.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.35 (2) Changes to the organisation
AMC 145.B.35 (2) Changes to the organisation

The primary purpose of this paragraph is to enable the organisation to remain
approved if agreed by the competent authority during negotiations about any of the
specified changes. Without this paragraph the approval would automatically be
suspended in all cases.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.35 Changes
GM 145.B.35 Changes
None
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Part 145

For any change to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE):
1. In the case of direct approval of the changes in accordance with point
145.A.70(b), the competent authority shall verify that the procedures specified
in the exposition are in compliance with Annex II (Part-145) before formally
notifying the approved organisation of the approval.
2. In the case an indirect approval procedure is used for the approval of the
changes in accordance with point 145.A.70(c), the competent authority shall
ensure (i) that the changes remain minor and (ii) that it has an adequate
control over the approval of the changes to ensure they remain in compliance
with the requirements of Annex II (Part-145).
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.40 MOE ammendments
AMC 145.B.40 MOE amendments

1. It is recommended that a simple exposition status sheet is maintained which
contains information on when an amendment was received by the competent
authority and when it was approved.
2. The competent authority may define some class of amendments to the exposition
which may be incorporated without prior authority approval. In this case a procedure
should be stated in the amendment section of the MOE. The exposition chapter
dealing with scope of work/approval should not be subject to
this procedure.
3. The organisation should submit each exposition amendment to the competent
authority whether it is an amendment for approval or a delegated approval
amendment. Where the amendment requires approval by the competent authority,
the competent authority when satisfied, should indicate its approval in writing. Where
the amendment has been submitted under the delegated approval procedure the
competent authority should acknowledge receipt in writing.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.40 Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition
GM 145.B.40 Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition

None
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Part 145

The competent authority shall:
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of potential safety threat;
or
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to 145.B.50.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
AMC 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval

None
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Part 145
GM 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
GM 145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval

None
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Part 145
145.B.50 Findings
145.B.50 Findings
(a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found showing noncompliance with the requirements of Part-145, the competent authority shall take the
following actions:
1. For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the competent
authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or in part, depending upon the
extent of the level 1 finding, the maintenance organisation approval, until
successful corrective action has been taken by the organisation.
2. For level 2 findings, the corrective action period granted by the competent
authority must be appropriate to the nature of the finding but in any case
initially must not be more than three months. In certain circumstances and
subject to the nature of the finding the competent authority may extend the
three month period subject to a satisfactory corrective action plan agreed by
the competent authority.
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend in whole or part the
approval in case of failure to comply within the timescale granted by the competent
authority
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.50 (a) Findings
AMC 145.B.50 (a) Findings

In practical terms a level 1 finding is where a competent authority finds a significant
noncompliance with Part-145.
The following are example level 1 findings:
-
Failure to gain access to the organisation during normal operating hours of the
organisation in accordance with 145.A.90(2) after two written requests.
If the calibration control of equipment as specified in 145.A.40(b) had

previously broken down on a particular type product line such that most
calibrated equipment was suspect from that time then that would be a level 1
finding.
Note: A complete product line is defined as all the aircraft, engine or component of a
particular type.
For a level 1 finding it may be necessary for the competent authority to ensure that
further maintenance and re-certification of all affected products is accomplished,
dependent upon the nature of the finding.
In practical terms where a competent authority surveyor finds a non-compliance with
Part-145 against one product, it is deemed to be a level 2 finding.
The following are example level 2 findings:
-
One time use of a component without any serviceable tag.
The training documents of the certifying staff are not completed.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.50 (b) Findings
AMC 145.B.50 (b) Findings

1. Where the organisation has not implemented the necessary corrective action
within that period it may be appropriate to grant a further period of up to three
months, subject to the competent authority notifying the accountable manager. In
exceptional circumstances and subject to a realistic action plan being in place, the
competent authority may specifically vary the maximum 6 month corrective action
period. However, in granting such a change the past performance of the organisation
should be considered.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.50 Findings
GM 145.B.50 Findings
None
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>> Go to AMC (b)
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Part 145
1. The competent authority shall establish a system of record-keeping with minimum
retention criteria that allows adequate traceability of the process to issue, continue,
change, suspend or revoke each individual organisation approval.
2. The records shall include as a minimum:
(a) the application for an organisation approval, including the continuation
thereof.
(b) the competent authority continued oversight program including all audit
records.
(c) the organisation approval certificate including any change thereto.
(d) a copy of the audit program listing the dates when audits are due and when
audits were carried out.
(e) copies of all formal correspondence including Form 4 or equivalent.
(f) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s).
(g) any other competent authority audit report forms.
(h) maintenance organisation expositions.
3. The minimum retention period for the above records shall be four years.
4. The competent authority may elect to use either a paper or computer system or
any combination of both subject to appropriate controls.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.55 Record-keeping

1. The record-keeping system should ensure that all records are accessible
whenever needed within a reasonable time. These records should be organized in a
consistent way throughout the competent authority (chronological, alphabetical order,
etc.).
2. All records containing sensitive data regarding applicants or organisations should
be stored in a secure manner with controlled access to ensure confidentiality of this
kind of data.
3. All computer hardware used to ensure data backup should be stored in a different
location from that containing the working data in an environment that ensures they
remain in good condition. When hardware or software changes take place special
care should be taken to ensure that all necessary data continues to be accessible at
least through the full period specified in 145.B.55.
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Part 145
GM 145.B.55 Record-keeping
None
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Part 145
145.B.60 Exemptions
145.B.60 Exemptions
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 10(3) of the basic Regulation shall
be recorded and retained by the competent authority.
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Part 145
AMC 145.B.60 Exemptions
AMC 145.B.60 Exemptions

None
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Part 145
GM 145.B.60 Exemptions
GM 145.B.60 Exemptions
None
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Part 145
APPENDICES TO THE IMPLEMENTING RULES
APPENDICES TO THE IMPLEMENTING

RULES
Part 145
Appendix I Authorized Release Certificate EASA Form 1
Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1

The provisions of Appendix II to Annex I (Part-M) apply.
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Part 145
AMC Appendix I Authorized Release Certificate EASA Form 1
AMC Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1

None
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Part 145
GM Appendix I Authorized Release Certificate EASA Form 1
GM Appendix I Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1

None
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Part 145 Appendix II Class and Rating System used for the Approval of Maintenance
Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part 145)
Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of Maintenance
Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part-145)
The provisions of Appendix IV to Annex I (Part-M) apply.
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Part 145 AMC Appendix II Class and Rating System used for the Approval of Maintenance
AMC Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of
Maintenance Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex
II (Part-145)
None
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Part 145 GM Appendix II Class and Rating System used for the Approval of Maintenance
GM Appendix II Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of

Maintenance Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex
II (Part-145)
None
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Part 145
Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval refered to in Annex II (Part 145)
Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II (Part145)
Part 145
Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval refered to in Annex II (Part 145)
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E-Part- 145 AMC Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval refered to in Annex II (Part 145)
AMC Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II
(Part-145)
The following fields on page 2 Maintenance Organisation Approval Schedule of the
maintenance organisation approval certificate should be completed as follows:
-
Date of original issue: It refers to the date of the original issue of the
maintenance
organisation exposition
Date of last revision approved: It refers to the date of the last revision of the
maintenance organisation exposition affecting the content of the certificate.
Changes to the maintenance organisation exposition which do not affect the
content of the certificate do not require the reissuance of the certificate.
Revision No: It refers to the revision No of the last revision of the maintenance
organisation exposition affecting the content of the certificate. Changes to the
maintenance organisation exposition which do not affect the content of the
certificate do not require the reissuance of the certificate.
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E-Part- 145 GM Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval refered to in Annex II (Part 145)
GM Appendix III Maintenance Organisation Approval referred to in Annex II
(Part-145)
None
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Part 145
Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex III
(Part 66) referred to in point 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with
Annex III (Part-66) referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
1. Certifying staff in compliance with all the following conditions are deemed to meet
the intent of point 145.A.30(j)(1) and (2):
(a) The person shall hold a licence or a certifying staff authorisation issued
under national regulations in full compliance with ICAO Annex 1.
(b) The scope of work of the person shall not exceed the scope of work
defined by the national licence or the certifying staff authorisation, whatever is
the most restrictive.
(c) The person shall demonstrate he/she received the training on human
factors and aviation legislation referred to in modules 9 and 10 of Appendix I to
Annex III (Part-66).
(d) The person shall demonstrate 5 years maintenance experience for line
maintenance certifying staff and 8 years for base maintenance certifying staff.
However, those persons whose authorised tasks do not exceed those of a
Part-66 category A certifying staff, need to demonstrate 3 years maintenance
experience only.
(e) Line maintenance certifying staff and base maintenance support staff shall
demonstrate he/she received type training and passed examination at the
category B1, B2 or B3 level, as applicable, referred to in Appendix III to Annex
III (Part-66) for each aircraft type in the scope of work referred to in point (b).
Those persons whose scope of work does not exceed those of a category A
certifying staff may however receive task training in lieu of a complete type
training.
(f) Base maintenance certifying staff shall demonstrate he/she received type
training and passed examination at the category C level referred to in
Appendix III to Annex III (Part-66) for each aircraft type in the scope of work
referred to in point (b), except that for the first aircraft type, training and
examination shall be at the category B1, B2 or B3 level of Appendix III.
2. Protected rights
(a) The personnel having privileges before the entry into force of the relevant
requirements of Annex III (Part- 66) may continue to exercise them without the
need to comply with points 1(c) to 1(f).
(b) However after that date any certifying staff willing to extend the scope of
their authorisation to include additional privileges shall comply with point 1.
(c) Notwithstanding subparagraph 2(b) above, in the case of additional type
training, compliance with points 1(c) and 1(d) is not required.
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Part 145
AMC Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with
Annex III (Part 66) referred to in point 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
AMC Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance
with Annex III (Part-66) referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
None
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Part 145
GM Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex
III (Part 66) referred to in point 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
GM Appendix IV Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with
Annex III (Part-66) referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2
None
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Part 145
APPENDICES TO AMCs
APPENDICES TO AMCs
Part 145
Appendix I to AMC 145.B.20 (1): EASA form 4
Appendix I to AMC 145.B.20 (1): EASA Form 4

The provisions of Appendix X to AMC M.B.602 (a) and AMC M.B.702 (a) EASA Form
4 apply.
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Part 145
Appendix II to AMC 145.B.20 (5): EASA form 6
Appendix II to AMC 145.B.20 (5): EASA Form 6
Part 145
Part 145
Part 145
Part 145
3.15
Training procedures for on-the-job training as per Section 6 of Appendix

III to Part-66(limited to the case where the competent authority for the
Part-145 approval and for the Part-66 licence is the same).
3.16
Procedure for the issue of a recommendation to the competent authority

for the issue of a Part-66 licence in accordance with 66.B.105 (limited to
the case where the competent authority for the Part-145 approval and for
the Part-66 licence is the same).
Part 145
Part 145
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Part 145
Appendix III to AMC 145.A.15 EASA Form 2
Appendix III to AMC 145.A.15 EASA Form 2

The provisions of Appendix IX to AMC M.A.602 and AMC M.A.702 EASA Form 2
apply.
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Part 145
Appendix IV to AMC 145.A.30 (e) and 145.B.10 (3)

Appendix IV
Fuel Tank Safety training
This appendix includes general instructions for providing training on Fuel Tank Safety
issues.
A) Effectivity:
Large aeroplanes as defined in Decision 2003/11/RM of the Executive
Director of the Agency (CS-25) and certified after 1 January 1958 with a
maximum type certified passenger capacity of 30 or more or a
maximum certified payload capacity of 7500 lbs (3402 kg) cargo or
more, and
Large aeroplanes as defined in Decision 2003/11/RM of the Executive
Director of the Agency (CS-25) which contains CS-25 amendment 1 or
later in their certification basis.
B) Affected organisations:
-
Part-145 approved maintenance organisations involved in the

maintenance of aeroplanes specified in paragraph A) and fuel system
components installed on such aeroplanes when the maintenance data
are affected by CDCCL.
Competent authorities responsible as per 145.B.30 for the oversight of

the Part-145 approved organisations specified in this paragraph B).
C) Persons from affected organisations who should receive training:

Phase 1 only:
The group of persons representing the maintenance management
structure of the organisation, the quality manager and the staff required
to quality monitor the organisation.
-
Personnel of the competent authorities responsible as per 145.B.30 for

the oversight of Part-145 approved maintenance organizations specified
in paragraph B).
Phase 1 + Phase 2 + Continuation training:

Personnel of the Part-145 approved maintenance organization required
to plan, perform, supervise, inspect and certify the maintenance of
aircraft and fuel system components specified in paragraph A).
D) General requirements of the training courses
Phase 1 Awareness
The training should be carried out before the person starts to work without
supervision but not later than 6 months after joining the organisation. The persons
Part 145
who have already attended the Level 1 Familiarisation course in compliance with ED
decision 2007/002/R Appendix IV is already in compliance with Phase 1.
Type: Should be an awareness course with the principal elements of the subject. It
may take the form of a training bulletin, or other self study or informative
session. Signature of the reader is required to ensure that the person has
passed the training.
Level: It should be a course at the level of familiarisation with the principal elements
of the subject.
Objectives:
The trainee should, after the completion of the training:
1. Be familiar with the basic elements of the fuel tank safety issues.
2. Be able to give a simple description of the historical background and the elements
requiring a safety consideration, using common words and showing examples of non
conformities.
3. Be able to use typical terms.
Content: The course should include:
-
a short background showing examples of FTS accidents or incidents,
the description of concept of fuel tank safety and CDCCL,
some examples of manufacturers documents showing CDCCL items,
typical examples of FTS defects,
some examples of TC holders repair data
some examples of maintenance instructions for inspection.
Phase 2 Detailed training

A flexible period may be allowed by the competent authorities to allow organisations
to set the necessary courses and impart the training to the personnel, taking into
account the organisations training schemes/means/practices. This flexible period
should not extend beyond 31 December 2010.
The persons who have already attended the Level 2 Detailed training course in
compliance with ED decision 2007/002/R Appendix IV either from a Part-145
maintenance organisation or from a Part-147 training organisation are already in
compliance with Phase 2 with the exception of continuation training.
Part 145
Staff should have received Phase 2 training by 31 December 2010 or within 12

months of joining the organization, whichever comes later.
Type: Should be a more in-depth internal or external course. It should not take the
form of a training bulletin, or other self study. An examination should be required at
the end, which should be in the form of a multi choice question, and the pass mark of
the examination should be 75%.
Level: It should be a detailed course on the theoretical and practical elements of the
subject.
The training may be made either:
-
in appropriate facilities containing examples of components, systems and parts

affected by Fuel Tank Safety (FTS) issues. The use of films, pictures and
practical examples on FTS is recommended; or
by attending a distance course (e-learning or computer based training)

including a film when such film meets the intent of the objectives and content
here below. An e-learning or computer based training should meet the
following criteria:
- A continuous evaluation process should ensure the effectiveness of
the training and its relevance;
- Some questions at intermediate steps of the training should be
proposed to ensure that the trainee is authorized to move to the next
step;
- The content and results of examinations should be recorded;
- Access to an instructor in person or at distance should be possible in
case support is needed.
A duration of 8 hours for phase 2 is an acceptable compliance.

When the course is provided in a classroom, the instructor should be very familiar
with the data in Objectives and Guidelines. To be familiar, an instructor should have
attended himself a similar course in a classroom and made additionally some lecture
of related subjects.
Objectives:
The attendant should, after the completion of the training:
-
have knowledge of the history of events related to fuel tank safety issues and
the theoretical and practical elements of the subject, have an overview of the
FAA regulations known as SFAR (Special FAR) 88 of the FAA and of JAA
Temporary Guidance Leaflet TGL 47, be able to give a detailed description of
the concept of fuel tank system ALI (including Critical Design Configuration
Control Limitations CDCCL, and using theoretical fundamentals and specific
examples;
Part 145
have the capacity to combine and apply the separate elements of knowledge
in a logical and comprehensive manner;
have knowledge on how the above items affect the aircraft;
be able to identify the components or parts or the aircraft subject to FTS from
the manufacturers documentation,
be able to plan the action or apply a Service Bulletin and an Airworthiness

Directive.
Content: Following the guidelines described in paragraph E).

Continuation training
The organisation should ensure that the continuation training is required in each two
years period. The syllabus of the training programme referred to in 3.4 of the
Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE) should include the additional syllabus
for this continuation training.
The continuation training may be combined with the phase 2 training in a classroom
or at distance.
The continuing training should be updated when new instruction are issued which are
related to the material, tools, documentation and manufacturers or competent
authoritys directives.
E) Guidelines for preparing the content of Phase 2 courses.
The following guidelines should be taken into consideration when the phase 2
training programme are being established:
a) understanding of the background and the concept of fuel tank safety,
b) how the mechanics can recognise, interpret and handle the improvements
in the instruction for continuing airworthiness that have been made or are
being made regarding the fuel tank system maintenance,
c) awareness of any hazards especially when working on the fuel system, and
when the Flammability Reduction System using nitrogen is installed.
Paragraphs a) b) and c) above should be introduced in the training programme
addressing the following issues:
i) The theoretical background behind the risk of fuel tank safety: the explosions
of mixtures of fuel and air, the behaviour of those mixtures in an aviation
environment, the effects of temperature and pressure, energy needed for
ignition etc, the fire triangle, Explain 2 concepts to prevent explosions:
(1) ignition source prevention and
Part 145
(2) flammability reduction,

ii) The major accidents related to fuel tank systems, the accident investigations
and their conclusions,
iii) SFAR 88 of the FAA and JAA Interim Policy INT POL 25/12: ignition
prevention program initiatives and goals, to identify unsafe conditions and to
correct them, to systematicallyimprove fuel tank maintenance),
iv) Explain the briefly concepts that are being used: the results of SFAR 88 of
the FAA and JAA INT/POL 25/12: modifications, airworthiness limitations items
and CDCCL,
v) Where relevant information can be found and how to use and interpret this
information in the instructions for continuing airworthiness (aircraft
maintenance manuals, component maintenance manuals, Service Bulletins)
vi) Fuel Tank Safety during maintenance: fuel tank entry and exit procedures,
clean working environment, what is meant by configuration control, wire
separation, bonding of components etc,
vii) Flammability reduction systems when installed: reason for their presence,
their effects, the hazards of an FRS using nitrogen for maintenance, safety
precautions in maintenance/working with an FRS,
viii) Recording maintenance actions, recording measures and results of
inspections. The training should include a representative number of examples
of defects and the associated repairs as required by the TC / STC holders
maintenance data.
F) Approval of training
For Part-145 approved organisations, the approval of the initial and continuation
training programme and the content of the examination can be achieved by the
change to the MOE exposition. The necessary changes to the MOE to meet the
content of this decision should be made and implemented at the time requested by
the competent authority.
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E-Document Version: 2012-02 issue date: 30 July 2012

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for the Continuing Airworthiness Management

In this document you will find the requirements for Aviation

2. Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) Pages with

3. Guidance Material Pages with light blue bars

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Article 1 Objective and scope

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- AMC 145.A.35 (b) Certifying staff and support staff

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145.B.30 Continuation of an approval

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Article 1 Objective and Scope

Article 1 Objective and scope

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Article 3 Continuing airworthiness requirements

Article 3 Continuing airworthiness requirements

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