Chapter 2: Quadratic Equations: (Roots Values of X)

Additional Mathematics Form 4
Chapter 2: Quadratic Equations Name:…………………………..
Topic Outlined: School:………………………….
2.1: Recognising Quadratic Equations

2.2: The Roots of Quadratic Equations *[Roots = values of x]
2.3: To Solve Quadratic Equations
2.4: To Form a Quadratic Equation
2.5: Relationship between discriminant of quadratic equations, b 2  4ac
and the roots of Q.E.
The General Form of Quadratic Equation: ax 2  bx  c  0
2.1: Recognising Quadratic Equations
Examples
1. Determine which of the following are quadratic equations:
(a) 3x 2  4  3x
(b) 7x2  9
(c) 10 x 2  3x  0
2 1
(d) x  40
x
(e) x  x 2  4x  8
3
2
(f)  x5 0
x2
2. Express the following quadratic equations in general form:
(a) 3x 2  3  8 x
(b) 2 x  12  2
(c) x(5  x)  12
(d) ( x  4)( x  7)  5 x
4x
(e)  x3
x2
(f) 4(3 x  1)( x  5)  ( x  3)(4  x)
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2.2: The Roots of Quadratic Equations
3. Given that 3 is one of the roots of the quadratic equation (2  k ) x 2  x  3  0 ,

find the value of k.
4. Given that 5 is a roots of the quadratic equation 3x 2  px  6  0 , find the

value of p.
5. The quadratic equation 2 x 2  px  q  0 has roots 2 and –3. Find the values of
p and q.
6. If 3 is a root of the quadratic equation x 2  x  2k , find the numerical value of

k. Then, find the other root of the quadratic equation.

2.3: To Solve Quadratic Equations
The quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 can be solved by
 Factorisation
 Completing the square
 Using the Quadratic Formula:

 b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
7. Solve the following quadratic equations by factorisation:
a 2  b 2  (a  b)(a  b)
a 2  b 2  (a  b)2  2ab
(a) 5 x 2  3x
(b) x 2  49  0
(c) 4 x 2  81  0
(d) x 2  8 x  15  0
(e) x 2  6 x  27  0
(f) 4x2  7x  2  0
(g) x 2  22 x  121
(h) 3x 2  6 x(2  x)
x3
(i)  x3
2x 1
(j) 3x  4x  4  5

8. Determine the roots of the following quadratic equations by completing the

square.
(a) x 2  8x  3  0
(b) 2 x 2  4x  3
(c) 2 x  3( x  1)  6
(d) 6 x  5  3x 2
(e) 3x( x  1)  2(2 x  1)
(f) 4 x 2  3x  2  0

9. Solve the following quadratic equations correct to four significant figures, by

using the quadratic formula.
(a) 1  2 x  5  3x 2
(b) x2  7x  4  1
(c) 5( x  1)  3x( x  2)  8
(d) 2 x 2  3  (2 x  1) 2
1 3
(e) 1  2
x x
(f) 2 x( x  4)  (1  x)( x  2) [SPM 2003, Paper 1, 3 marks]

2.4 Forming a Quadratic Equation from given Roots
Given the roots of the quadratic equation are m and n, therefore the quadratic
equation can be formed through
x  mx  n  0
x 2  nx  mx  mn  0
x 2   n  m x  mn  0
or
If  and  are roots of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 , then
b c
 sum of roots (SOR),      product of roots (POR),  
a a
 the quadratic equation can be formed through
x 2  (SOR) x  ( POR )  0
10. Form a quadratic equation which has roots x  4 and x  3 .
1
11. Form the quadratic equation which has the roots 7 and . Give your answer
2
in the form ax 2  bx  c  0 , where a, b and c are constants.
12. Given that 2 and k – 1 are roots are the roots of the equation x 2  3x  t , find
the possible values of k and t.

13. Given the roots of the quadratic equation 3x 2  6 x  2  0 are  and  . Form
a quadratic equation which has the roots 2  and 2  .
14. Given that  and  are the roots of the quadratic equation 3x 2  7 x  6  0 ,
form a quadratic equation whose roots are  2  1 and  2  1 .
15. The equation x 2  5 x  h  0 has roots  and  , whereas equation

x 2  kx  54  0 has roots 3  and 3  . Find the values of h and k.

16. One of the roots of the equation x 2  ax  1  a is two times the value of the
other root, find the value of a.
17. One of the roots of the quadratic equation x 2  hx  16  0 is four times the
value of the other root. Find the possible values of h.

2.5 Relationship between discriminant of quadratic equations, b 2  4ac

and the roots of Q.E.
The quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 has 3 types of roots, namely:
(1) Two different real roots or distinct roots if b 2  4ac  0.

(2) Two equal roots or same roots only if b 2  4ac = 0.
(3) No real roots if b 2  4ac  0.
18. Determine the types of roots for the following quadratic equation.
(a) 4 x 2  5x  1  0
(b) 3x 2  2 x  6  0
(c) x 2  4x  4  0
4x
(d) 2x 1 
3x  5
19. Given that 2 x 2  kx  2  0 has two equal roots, find the values of k.
20. Given that px 2  4 x  1  0 has no roots, find the range of values of p.

21. Given that x 2  3 x  k  0 has two different roots, find the range of values of k.
22. Given that 2 x 2  px  k , find the relation between p and k if the equation has
no roots.
23. Given that x 2  kx  9  6 x , find the values of k if the equation has two equal
roots.

Chapter 2: Quadratic Equations: (Roots Values of X)

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Additional Mathematics Form 4

Chapter 2: Quadratic Equations Name:…………………………..

Topic Outlined: School:………………………….

2.1: Recognising Quadratic Equations

The General Form of Quadratic Equation: ax 2  bx  c  0

2.1: Recognising Quadratic Equations

1. Determine which of the following are quadratic equations:

2. Express the following quadratic equations in general form:

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 1

2.2: The Roots of Quadratic Equations

3. Given that 3 is one of the roots of the quadratic equation (2  k ) x 2  x  3  0 ,

4. Given that 5 is a roots of the quadratic equation 3x 2  px  6  0 , find the

6. If 3 is a root of the quadratic equation x 2  x  2k , find the numerical value of

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 2

2.3: To Solve Quadratic Equations

The quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 can be solved by

 Completing the square

 Using the Quadratic Formula:

7. Solve the following quadratic equations by factorisation:

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8. Determine the roots of the following quadratic equations by completing the

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 4

9. Solve the following quadratic equations correct to four significant figures, by

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2.4 Forming a Quadratic Equation from given Roots

If  and  are roots of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 , then

 the quadratic equation can be formed through

10. Form a quadratic equation which has roots x  4 and x  3 .

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 6

15. The equation x 2  5 x  h  0 has roots  and  , whereas equation

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 7

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 8

2.5 Relationship between discriminant of quadratic equations, b 2  4ac

The quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 has 3 types of roots, namely:

(1) Two different real roots or distinct roots if b 2  4ac  0.

20. Given that px 2  4 x  1  0 has no roots, find the range of values of p.

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 9

Sri Bintang Tuition Centre,Kuching/biid 10

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