How to use BS 8500 with BS 8110

T A Harrison BSc, PhD, CEng, MICE, FICT O Brooker BEng, CEng, MICE

Introduction
BS 8500 Concrete Complementary British Standard
to BS EN 206-11 replaced BS 5328 Concrete2 on
1 December 2003. While BS 8500 is intended to
be used alongside Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete
Structures3, there will be an interim period where
designers will continue to use BS 8110 4. BS 8500
gives guidance on specifying concrete including
the assessment of concrete cover and strength
for durability, therefore Tables 3.2 and 3.3 of
BS 8110 should be regarded as being superseded.
This publication gives guidance on the application
of BS 8500 to the design of concrete structures
using BS 8110.

1 Information for the

Design of Concrete
1.1 Exposure classification
Initially the relevant exposure condition(s) should be identified. As opposed
to BS 8110 where exposure is based upon relative severity (mild, moderate,
severe etc.), BS 8500 exposure classification is related to the deterioration
processes of carbonation, ingress of chlorides, chemical attack from
aggressive ground and freeze/thaw (see Table 1). All of these deterioration
processes are sub-divided. There will always be one and often more than
one relevant exposure class for each concrete element. Indeed, each face of
the element should be considered in turn and the exposure class or classes
identified so that the requirements of every exposure class are met.

1.2 Selecting concrete strength and cover

The guidelines given in BS 8500 for durability are
based on the latest research and therefore
recommended strength, cover, cement content and
water/cement ratios for similar exposure conditions
do vary compared to guidance given in BS 8110.
In the less severe exposed conditions BS 8500
generally has less onerous requirements, whilst for
more severe exposed conditions the requirements
are different and reference may well have to be
made to the full standard.

Having identified the relevant exposure condition(s), a recommended

strength class and cover should be chosen. Table 2 indicates the minimum
cover and strengths required to meet common exposure conditions for a
50-year working life; further explanation is given below. Table 2 is not
intended to cover all concrete exposure situations and reference should be
made to BS 8500 for those cases not included.
Compressive strength

BS 8500 uses compressive strength class to define concrete strengths; the

notation used gives the cylinder strength as well as the cube strength (see
Table 3). It is important to quote the compressive strength class in full to
avoid confusion.
Cover to reinforcement

The durability guidance given in BS 8500 is based on the assumption that

the minimum cover for durability is achieved. An allowance should be made
in the design for deviations from the minimum cover (cdev). This should
be added to the minimum cover to obtain the nominal cover. Eurocode 2
recommends that c dev is taken as 10 mm, unless the fabrication is
subjected to a quality assurance system where it is permitted to reduce
c dev to 5 mm. It is recommended that these values are adopted when
using BS 8500 and BS 8110. The nominal cover and permitted deviation
should be clearly stated on the drawings.

1.3 Intended working life

The recommendations in BS 8500 are for an intended working life of at
least 50 years should be followed to achieve a durability equivalent to that
obtained using BS 8110 (see Table 3.3). Where a different working life is
required, reference should be made to BS 8500-1.

Continues page 4

Table 1
Exposure Classes

Class

Class description

Informative example applicable to the United Kingdom

No risk of corrosion or attack (XO class)

X0

For concrete without reinforcement or

embedded metal where there is no significant
freeze/thaw, abrasion or chemical attack.

Unreinforced concrete surfaces inside structures. Unreinforced concrete completely buried in

non-aggressive soil (exposure AC-1). Unreinforced concrete permanently submerged in
non-aggressive water. Unreinforced concrete in cyclic wet and dry conditions not subject to
abrasion, freezing or chemical attack.
NOTE: For reinforced concrete, use at least XC1.

Corrosion induced by carbonation (XC classes) A

(Where concrete containing reinforcement or other embedded metal is exposed to air and moisture.)

XC1

Dry or permanently wet.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces inside structures except areas of structures with
high humidity. Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces permanently submerged in
non-aggressive water.

XC2

Wet, rarely dry.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete completely buried in soil.

NOTE: Need to combine with appropriate ACEC class see section 1.7.

XC3 & XC4

Moderate humidity or cyclic wet and dry.

External reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces sheltered from, or exposed to, direct rain.
Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces inside structures with high humidity (e.g. bathrooms,
kitchens). Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces exposed to alternate wetting and drying.

Corrosion induced by chlorides other than from sea water (XD classes) A
(Where concrete containing reinforcement or other embedded metal is subject to contact with water containing chlorides, including de-icing salts,
from sources other than from sea water.)

XD1

Moderate humidity.

Concrete surfaces exposed to airborne chlorides. Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces in
parts of bridges away from direct spray containing de-icing agents. Parts of structures exposed to
occasional or slight chloride conditions.

XD2

Wet, rarely dry.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces totally immersed in water containing chlorides B.

XD3

Cyclic wet and dry.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces directly affected by de-icing salts or spray containing
de-icing salts (e.g. walls; abutments and columns within 10 m of the carriageway; parapet edge
beams and buried structures less than 1 m below carriageway level, pavements and car park slabs).

Corrosion induced by chlorides from sea water (XS classes) A

(Where concrete containing reinforcement or other embedded metal is subject to contact with chlorides from sea water or air carrying salt originating from sea water.)

XS1

Exposed to airborne salt but not in direct

contact with sea water.

External reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces in coastal areas.

XS2

Permanently submerged.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete completely submerged and remaining saturated,

e.g. concrete below mid-tide level B.

XS3

Tidal, splash and spray zones.

Reinforced and prestressed concrete surfaces in the upper tidal zones and the splash and
spray zones C.

Freeze/thaw attack (XF classes)

(Where concrete is exposed to significant attack from freeze/thaw cycles whilst wet.)

Vertical concrete surfaces such as facades and columns exposed to rain and freezing. Non-vertical
concrete surfaces not highly saturated, but exposed to freezing and to rain or water.

XF1

Moderate water saturation without

de-icing agent.

XF2

Moderate water saturation with de-icing agent. Elements such as parts of bridges, which would otherwise be classified as XF1 but which are
exposed to de-icing salts either directly or as spray or run-off.

XF3

High water saturation without de-icing agent.

Horizontal concrete surfaces, such as parts of buildings, where water accumulates and which are
exposed to freezing. Elements subjected to frequent splashing with water and exposed to freezing.

XF4

High water saturation with de-icing agent

or sea water D .

Horizontal concrete surfaces, such as roads and pavements, exposed to freezing and to de-icing
salts either directly or as spray or run-off. Elements subjected to frequent splashing with water
containing de-icing agents and exposed to freezing.

Chemical attack (ACEC classes)

(Where concrete is exposed to chemical attack.) Note: BS 8500-1 refers to ACEC classes rather than XA classes used in BS EN 206-1
A The moisture condition relates to that in the concrete cover to reinforcement or other embedded metal
but, in many cases, conditions in the concrete cover can be taken as being that of the surrounding
environment. This might not be the case if there is a barrier between the concrete and its environment.

C Exposure XS3 covers a range of conditions. The most extreme conditions are in the spray zone. The least
extreme is in the tidal zone where conditions can be similar to those in XS2. The recommendations given
take into account the most extreme UK conditions within this class.

B Reinforced and prestressed concrete elements, where one surface is immersed in water containing
chlorides and another is exposed to air, are potentially a more severe condition, especially where the dry
side is at a high ambient temperature. Specialist advice should be sought where necessary, to develop a
specification that is appropriate to the actual conditions likely to be encountered.

D It is not normally necessary to classify in the XF4 exposure class those parts of structures located in the
United Kingdom which are in frequent contact with the sea.

How to use BS 8500 with BS 8110

Table 2
Selected 1 recommendations for normal-weight reinforced concrete quality for combined exposure classes
and cover to reinforcement for at least a 50-year intended working life and 20 mm maximum aggregate size

Cement/
Strength class3, maximum w/c ratio, minimum cement or combination
combination content (kg/m3), and equivalent designated concrete (where applicable)
designations2

Exposure conditions

Typical Example

Primary

Nominal cover to reinforcement4

Secondary

15 + c dev 20 + c dev 25 + c dev 30 + c dev 35 + c dev 40 + c dev 45 + c dev 50 + c dev

Internal mass
concrete

X0

All

Recommended that this exposure is not applied to reinforced concrete

Internal elements
(except humid
locations)

XC1

All

C20/25,
0.70, 240
or RC25

Buried concrete
in AC-1 ground
conditions5

XC2

XC3
&
XC4

Exposed horizontal
surfaces

Car park elements

subject to airborne
chlorides only

XD1

Car park decks and

areas subject to
de-icing spray

Vertical elements
subject to de-icing
spray and freezing

XD3

Exposed vertical
surfaces near coast

XS1

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

___

C40/50,
0.45, 340
or RC50

C32/40,
0.55, 300
or RC40

C28/35,
0.60, 280
or RC35

XF1

All except IVB

___

C40/50,
0.45, 340
or RC50

C32/40,
0.55, 300
or RC40

C28/35,
0.60, 280
or RC35

XF3

All except IVB

___

C40/50,
0.45, 3406
or RC50XF6

XF3 (air
entrained)

All except IVB

___

___

C32/40,
0.55, 300
plus air 6,7

C28/35,
0.60, 280
plus air 6,7
or PAV2

C25/30,
0.60, 280
plus air 6,7,8
or PAV1

<<<

<<<

<<<

XC3/4

All except IVB

___

___

C40/50,
0.45, 360

C32/40,
0.55, 320

C28/35,
0.60, 300

<<<

<<<

<<<

IIB-V, IIIA

___

___

___

___

___

C35/45,
0.40, 380

C32/40,
0.45, 360

C28/35,
0.50, 340

___

___

___

___

___

C45/55,
0.35, 380

C40/50,
0.40, 380

C35/45,
0.45, 360

IIIB

___

___

___

___

___

C32/40,
0.40, 380

C28/35,
0.45, 360

C25/30,
0.50, 340

IIB-V, IIIA

___

___

___

___

___

C35/45,
0.40, 380

C32/40,
0.45, 360

C32/40,
0.50, 340

___

___

___

___

___

C45/55,
0.35 ,380

C40/50,
0.40, 380

C35/45,
0.45, 360

___

___

___

___

___

C32/40,
0.40, 380

C32/40
0.45, 360

C32/40,
0.50, 340

___

___

___

___

___

C45/55,
C40/50,
0.35, 3806 0.40, 380 6

___

___

XC3/4
+XF2

CEM I, IIA,
IIB-S, SRPC

CEM I, IIA,
IIB-S, SRPC

<<<

C25/30,
0.65, 260
or RC30

<<<

XC3/4
+XF4

CEM I, IIA,
IIB-S, SRPC

XC3/4
+XF4 (air
entrained)

IIIB

___

___

___

IIB-V, IIIA

___

___

___

C45/55,
0.35, 380

C35/45,
0.45, 360

___

___

___

C50/60,
0.35, 380

___

___

___

C35/45,
0.40, 380

___

___

___

C50/60,
C40/50,
0.35, 380 6 0.45, 360 6

XC3/4
+XF2

CEM I, IIA,
IIB-S, SRPC
IIIB

Exposed horizontal
surfaces near coast

<<<

All except IVB

IIIB
Car park decks
ramps and external
areas subject to
freezing and
de-icing salts

C25/30,
0.65, 260
or RC30

<<<

___

XC3/4

___

<<<

All

AC-1

Vertical surface
protected from
direct rainfall
Exposed vertical
surfaces

<<<

XC3/4
+XF4

CEM I, IIA,
IIB-S, SRPC

1 This table comprises a selection of common exposure class combinations.

Requirements for other sets of exposure classes eg XD2, XS2 and XS3
should be derived from BS 8500-1: 2002, Annex A.

C28/35
0.45,
360 6,7

C28/35,
0.50,
340 6,7

C32/40,
0.50, 340

<<<

<<<

C40/50,
0.45, 360

C35/45,
0.50, 340

<<<

<<<

C32/40,
0.50, 340

C32/40,
0.55, 320

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

<<<

4 cdev is an allowance for deviations see section 1.2.2.

5 For sections less than 140 mm thick refer to BS 8500.
6 Freeze/thaw resisting aggregates should be specified, see section 1.6.

2 Refer to Table 4 for further details.

3 For prestressed concrete the minimum strength class should be C28/35.

<<<

7 Where air entrained concrete is required, see section 1.5.

8 This option may not be suitable for areas subject to severe abrasion.

___

KEY
___

Not recommended

<<<

Indicates that concrete

quality in cell to the left
should not be reduced

1.4 Cement types and minimum cement content

Table 4 can be used to identify the cement/combination designations. It
should be noted from Table 2 that the strength, water/cement ratio and
minimum cement content may vary depending on the cement type used. In
the UK, all cement/combinations are available (except SRPC), although in
most concrete production plants either ground granulated blastfurnace slag
or flyash (pfa) is available; not both. When using a designated concrete (see
section 2.1), it is not necessary to specify the types of cement/combinations.
Explanation of the compressive strength class notation

C for normal
weight
concrete A

40 /50
Cylinder
strengthB

Cube
strengthC

LC for
lightweight
concrete

Table 3
Compressive strength class for normal and heavyweight concrete

Example Compressive
strength classes
(BS 8500)

Designated
concrete
(BS 8500)

Previous Grade
of concrete
(BS 5328 & BS 8110)

C20/25

RC25

C25

C25/30

RC30

C30

C28/35

RC35

C35

C30/37

C32/40

RC40

C40

C35/45

RC45

C45

C40/50

RC50

C50

C45/55

C50/60

C60

A Includes heavyweight concrete

B Minimum characteristic 150 mm
diameter by 300 mm cylinder
strength, N/mm2
C Minimum characteristic cube
strength, N/mm2

NOTE: Refer to BS 8500-1: 2002, Table A.20 for full list of Compressive strength classes.

Table 4
Guide to cement/combination type designations

1.5 Air content

Where air entrainment is required for exposure classes XF3 and XF4
the minimum air content by volume of 3.0%, 3.5% or 5.5% should
be specified for 40 mm, 20 mm and 10 mm maximum aggregate size
respectively.

Designation Composition

Cement/combination
types (BS 8500)

CEM I

Portland cement

CEM I

SRPC

Sulfate-resisting Portland cement

SRPC

IIA

Portland cement with 6-20% of fly

ash (pfa), ground granulated
blastfurnace slag or limestone A

CEM II/A-L CEM II/A-LL

CIIA-L
CIIA-LL
CEM II/A-S
CIIA-S
CEM II/A-V
CIIA-V

IIB

Portland cement with 21-35% of

fly ash (pfa) or ground granulated
blastfurnace slag

CEM II/B-S
CIIB-S
CEM II/B-V
CIIB-V

IIB+SR

Portland cement with 25-35% of

fly ash (pfa)

CEM II/B-V+SR
CIIB-V+SR

IIIA

Portland cement with 36-65%

ground granulated blastfurnace slag

CEM III/AB
CIIIAB

IIIB

Portland cement with 66-80%

ground granulated blastfurnace slag

CEM III/B
CEM III/B L
CIIIB

IIIB+SR

Portland cement with 66-80%

CEM III/B+SR B
ground granulated blastfurnace slag CIIIB+SR B
where, if the alumina content of the
slag exceeds 14%, the C3A content
of the Portland cement fraction does
not exceed 10%

IVB

Portland cement with 36-55% of

fly ash (pfa)

CEM IV/B
PIV/B-V
CIVB

IVB+SR

Portland cement with 36-40% of

fly ash (pfa)

CEM IV/B
PIV/B-V+SR
CIVB

1.6 Freeze/thaw aggregates

For exposure conditions XF3 and XF4 freeze/thaw resisting aggregates
should be specified. The producer is then obliged to conform to the
requirements given in BS 8500-2: 2002, 4.3.

1.7 Aggressive ground

Where plain or reinforced concrete is in contact with the ground further
checks are required to ensure durability. An aggressive chemical
environment for concrete class (ACEC class) should be assessed for the
site. BRE Special Digest 15 gives guidance on the assessment of the ACEC
class and this is normally carried out as part of the interpretive reporting
for a ground investigation. Knowing the ACEC class and the thickness
of the section, a design chemical class (DC class) can be obtained from
Table 5.
For designated concretes, an appropriate foundation concrete (FND
designation) can be selected using Table 6; the cover should be determined
from Table 2 for the applicable exposure classes. A FND concrete has the
strength class of C28/35, therefore, where a higher strength is required
a designed concrete should be specified. For designed concretes, the
concrete producer should be advised of the DC-class (see section 2 for
specification requirements).
NOTE: At the time of writing Special Digest 1 is under review and is being simplified.

1.8 Fire design

Having selected concrete cover and strength to meet the durability
requirements of BS 8500, the nominal cover should be checked in
accordance with Table 3.4 of BS 8110, for fire cover.

A There are a number of other second main constituents, but due to costs these will only be used when
specifically specified, i.e. silica fume and metakaolin.
B Inclusive of low early strength option.

How to use BS 8500 with BS 8110

Table 5
Selection of the DC-class and the number of Addition Protection
Measures (APMs) where the hydrostatic head of groundwater is not
more than five times the section width A

ACEC-class
(Aggressive
Chemical
Environment for
Concrete class)

DC-class/number of APMs B
Normal structural performance level
(Intermediate life structures [30 to 100] years)C
Section width
150 mm to 450 D mm

Section width
>450 E mm

AC-1s

DC-1/0

DC-1/0

AC-1

DC-1/0

DC-1/0

AC-1s (DS-2)

DC-1/0

DC-1/0

AC-2s

DC-2/0

DC-1/0

AC-2z

DC-2z/0

DC-1/0

AC-2

DC-2/0

DC-1/0

AC-3s

DC-3/0

DC-2/0

AC-3z

DC-3z/0

DC-2z/0

AC-3z (DS-2)

DC-3z/0 F

DC-2z/0 F

AC-3

DC-3/2

DC-2/2

AC-4s

DC-4/0

DC-3/0

AC-4z

DC-4z/0

DC-3z/0

AC-4z (DS-2)

DC-4z/0 F

DC-3z/0 F

AC-4

DC-4/2

DC-3/2

AC-5z

DC-4z/1 F,H

DC-3z/1 F, H

AC-5

DC-4/2 I

DC-3/2 I

A Where the hydrostatic head of groundwater is greater than five times the section width, refer to BS 8500.
B Where DC-3, DC-4 or DC-4m is given or derived, the number of APMs may be reduced, refer to BS 8500.
C For structural performance outside these values refer to BS 8500.

1.9 Concrete cast against uneven surfaces

To comply with the requirements of paragraph 3.3.1.4 of BS 8110 the
nominal cover (i.e. minimum cover plus fixing tolerance) should be a
minimum of 75 mm for concrete cast directly against the earth and
40 mm for concrete cast against blinding.

1.10 Abrasion
BS 8500 does not contain abrasion classes; instead reference should be
made to BS 8204-26 or Concrete Society Technical Report 347. Table 7
summarises the factors that affect the abrasion resistance of floors.

2 Specification
2.1 Method of specifying
As with BS 5328 there are various methods of specifying concrete to
BS 8500 (see Table 8). The most popular are designated and designed.
BS 8500 also introduces a new method proprietary concrete.

2.2 The specifier

Figures 1 and 2 show standard specification forms produced by the
Quarry Products Association for designated and designed concretes8.
Similar tables are included in the National Structural Concrete
Specification 9 (NSCS). An important change in BS 8500 is that the
specifier is the person or body responsible for the final compilation of
the technical requirements, called the specification, which is passed to
the concrete producer. This will generally be the contractor, however, the
designer will want to ensure their requirements are incorporated and this
will normally be through their own specification for the works (e.g. with
the NSCS). Figures 1 and 2 have been annotated to indicate which
information is typically provided by the designer and contractor. The
designer should require that any reported non-conformities are passed
to them for assessment.

D For section widths <140mm refer to BS 8500.

E Where any surface attack is not acceptable e.g. with friction piles, use the recommendations
given in the 150 mm to 450 mm column. In these situations, APM4 (sacrificial layer) should not
be used, refer to BS 8500.
F Excluding Portland-limestone cement and equivalent combinations, refer to BS 8500.
H Only APM3 (surface protection) is recommended (not applicable to bored piles), refer to BS 8500.
I

2.3 Consistence
The term workability has been replaced by the term consistence and a
series of consistence classes has been introduced. Table 9 gives the slump
and flow classes and the likely target slump/flow.

This should include APM3 (surface protection), where practicable, as one of the APMs, refer to BS 8500.

2.4 Chloride Class

Table 6
Guidance on selecting designated concrete for reinforced concrete foundations

DC-Class

Appropriate Designated Concrete

DC-2

FND2

DC-2z

FND2Z

DC-3

FND3

DC-3z

FND3Z

DC-4

FND4

DC-4z

FND4Z

NOTE: Strength class for all FND concrete is C28/35.

Concrete that is to be prestressed or heat cured should normally be

specified as chloride class Cl0,10. Reinforced concrete should be specified
as class Cl0,40 except for concrete made with cement conforming to
BS 402710 (SRPC), which should be specified as class Cl0,20.

2.5 Conformity
Under BS 8500, the concrete producer is now required to follow a
formal procedure called conformity to verify that the concrete is in
accordance with the specification. It is, therefore, recommended that
the concrete supplier should have third party certification. Where this
is not adopted, the specifier is advised to adopt adequate identity
testing to ensure the concrete is as specified.
Continues page 8

Table 7
Factors affecting the abrasion resistance of concrete floors

Factor

Effect

Power floating

Power finishing and, in particular, repeated power trowelling is a significant factor in creating abrasion
resistance, however, excessive repetitions of the process do not necessarily further enhance performance.

Curing

Prompt and efficient curing is essential in order to retain sufficient water in the surface zone to complete
hydration and the development of concrete strength at and close to the surface.

Cement content

Cement content should not be less than 325 kg/m3. Cement contents above 360 kg/m3 are unlikely to
enhance abrasion resistance and excessive cement content can impair the power finishing process.

Water/cement ratio

Water/cement ratio is of great importance. It should not exceed 0.55. Reducing to 0.50 is likely to increase
abrasion resistance but lowering further is unlikely to give further enhancement.

Aggregates

Coarse aggregate usually has no direct effect on abrasion resistance, except in floors in very aggressive
environments where the surface is expected to be worn away. Coarse and fine aggregates should not contain
soft or friable materials.

Dry shake finishes

Dry shake finishes can be used to enhance the surface properties in high abrasion locations.

Figure 1
Example specification of Designated Concrete

Schedule for the specification requirements of designated concretes for use on contract

New Office
Contract period: June - Dec 04
Contract Title:

BS 8500-1 reference

Requirement

4.2.2a)

The concretes below shall be supplied as Designated Concretes in accordance with

this specification and the relevant clauses of BS 8500-2A

4.2.2c)

Maximum aggregate size when other

D than 20 mm
4.2.2d)

4.2.3

FND2 z

S1, S2, S3, S4

Consistence
F2, F3, F4, F5
(Ring the class required when other than
the default classes of S3 for the GEN, FND
and RC series and S2 for the PAV series. Use
a separate column for different consistence
with the same designated concrete)
C Other (specify)

C D Additional requirements

RC30

D Concrete designation

4.2.2b)

Schedule

S1, S2, S3, S4

F2, F3, F4, F5

RC40
10
S1, S2, S3, S4
F2, F3, F4, F5

D
D
S1, S2, S3, S4
F2, F3, F4, F5

C D

Exchange of information
BS EN 206-1, 7.1

5.1a)

5.1b)

5.1 & BS EN 206-1, 7.1

5.2 & BS EN 206-1, 7.2

Total volume required

Anticipated peak delivery rate
C Any access limitations

3
3
48m
1200m
3
3
6m /day 18m /hr

72m3 3
6m /day

Intended method of placing,

e.g. pumping, and finishing, e.g. power
C floating, the concrete

Skip +
tamped

Pumping
+ float

Skip +
tamped

Where identity testing is routine:

Type of test
Volume of concrete in assessment
Number of tests on this volume
Whether a non-accredited laboratory
will be used
C

N/A

N/A

N/A

Other information from the specifier

C to the producer

Information required from

C the producer

KEY
D

Designer specifies
concrete designation,
maximum aggregate
size and any
additional
requirements

Contractor specifies
consistence, any
additional
requirements and
completes exchange
of information
section

A There is no need to cite BS EN 206-1 as BS 8500-2 has a clause that requires conformity to BS EN 206-1.

C
C

Red text
Example
specification

How to use BS 8500 with BS 8110

Table 8
Methods of Specifying Concrete

BS 8500

BS 5328 (superseded by BS 8500 1 Dec 2003)

Designated concrete

Designated mix

Designed concrete

Designed mix

Prescribed concrete

Prescribed mix

Standardized prescribed concrete

Standard mix

Proprietary concrete

No equivalent

Figure 2
Example specification of Designed Concrete

Schedule for the specification requirements of designed concretes for use on contract
Contract Title: New Office
Contract period:
BS 8500-1
reference
4.3.2a)

4.3.2b)
4.3.2c)

June - Dec 04

Requirement

Schedule

The concretes below shall be supplied as designed concretes in accordance with this specification
and the relevant clauses of BS 8500-2A
D Concrete reference, if any
Pads
Slab
Cols
D Compressive strength class
C28/35 C25/30 C32/40
For sulfate resisting concrete, design chemical class DC-2z
DCDC-

4.3.2g) & h)

4.3.2i)

CEM 1, SRPC,
IIA, IIB
IIIA, IIIB, IVB

20

20

10

Cl 0,10
RC
Cl 1,0

Cl 0,10
RC
Cl 1,0

Cl 0,10
RC
Cl 1,0

xx

xx

DC-

D
D

CEM 1, SRPC,
IIA, IIB
IIIA, IIIB, IVB

D
D

Cl 0,10
RC
Cl 1,0

S1, S2, S3, S4

F2, F3, F4, F5

S1, S2, S3, S4

F2, F3, F4, F5

S1, S2, S3, S4

F2, F3, F4, F5

4.3.2
D
Note 2
4.3.3b)
C D
to n)
Exchange of information

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

BS EN
206-1, 7.1

3
48m
1200m3
6m3/day 18m3/hr

72m3 3
6m /day

Skip +
tamped
N/A

Skip +
tamped
N/A

5.1a)

C
C

5.1b)

C
5.1 & BS EN
206-1,7.1
5.2 & BS EN
206-1, 7.2

C
C

Volume required
Anticipated peak delivery rate
Any access limitations
Intended method of placing, e.g. pumping, and
finishing, e.g. power floating, the concrete
Where identity testing is routine:
Type of test
Volume of concrete in assessment
Number of tests on this volume
Whether a non-accredited laboratory will be used
Other information from the specifier to the
producer
Information required from the producer

Designer specifies
compressive strength
class, design chemical
class, maximum
water/cement ratio,
minimum cement
content, cement or
combination types
(unless design
chemical class is
specified), maximum
aggregate size,
chloride class, target
density (excluding
normal weight
concrete),
requirement for
third party product
conformity
certification
(recommended)
and any additional
requirements

Contractor specifies
consistence,
any additional
requirements and
completes exchange
of information
section

S1, S2, S3, S4

F2, F3, F4, F5

C D

KEY

CEM 1, SRPC,
IIA, IIB
IIIA, IIIB, IVB

4.3.2e)
4.3.2f)

CEM 1, SRPC,
IIA, IIB
IIIA, IIIB, IVB

D
D

0.55
300

4.3.2d) &
4.3.3a)

0.70
240

For other concretes, limiting values of composition:

Maximum w/c ratio
Minimum cement/combination content, kg/m3
Cement or combination types
(delete those not permitted)
Other special property, e.g. white, low heat, +SR
(specify)
Maximum aggregate size, mm
Chloride class (ring the one required)
Prestressed or heat cured reinforced concrete
Reinforced B
Unreinforced with no embedded metal
For lightweight and heavyweight concrete,
target density
Consistence (Ring the class required.
Use separate columns for the same basic
concretes with different consistence)
Other (specify)
UKAS or equivalent accredited third party product
conformity certification (delete if not required)
Additional requirements

D
D

C D
D
C D

Pumping
+ float
N/A

C
C

A There is no need to cite BS EN 206-1 as BS 8500-2 has a clause that requires conformity to BS EN 206-1.
B Where RC is ringed, the chloride class shall be Cl 0.40 except where SRPC is used. In this case the chloride class shall be Cl 0,20.

C
C

Red text
Example
Specification

How to use BS 8500 with BS 8110

Table 9a

2.6 Identity testing

Consistence Slump classes and likely target values

Slump class

Target slump (mm)

S1

20

S2

70

S3

130

S4

190

The specifier is responsible for organising any identity testing, which is in

all but in name acceptance testing. Identity testing can include strength,
consistence and air content. There are a number of situations where it is
recommended:
where the producer does not hold third party certification
in cases of doubt
for critical elements, e.g. high strength columns
for spot checks on the producer.

Table 9b

2.7 Exchange of information

Consistence Flow classes and likely target values

To enable the concrete producer to design and produce a suitable

concrete, certain information must be provided in addition to the
specification, e.g. where the concrete needs to be pumped or a high
quality finish is required.

Flow class

Target flow (mm)

F2

380

F3

450

F4

520

F5

590

3 Further Advice
The above concepts are introduced in The new concrete standards
getting started11 and described in more detail in Standards for fresh
concrete The application of BS EN 206-1 and BS 850012; this is a derived
document and is a composite of BS EN 206-1 and BS 8500 together
with additional guidance and commentary.

References
1 British Standards Institution. BS 8500, Concrete Complementary British Standard to BS EN 206-1, BS1, 2002.
2 British Standards Institution. BS 5328, Concrete, BSI. (Withdrawn by BSI on 1 December 2003).
3 British Standards Institution. BS EN 1992-1-1, Eurocode 2: design of concrete structures Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings, BSI, 2004.
4 British Standards Institution. BS 8110-1, The structural use of concrete Part 1: Code of practice for design and construction, BSI, 1997.
5 Building Research Establishment. BRE Special Digest 1 Concrete in aggressive ground, BRE, 2003.
6 British Standards Institution. BS 8204-2, Screeds, bases and in-situ floorings, Part 2: Concrete wearing surfaces Code of practice, BSI, 1999.
7 The Concrete Society. Technical report 34: Concrete industrial ground floors, The Concrete Society, 2003.
8 Quarry Products Association. Visit the Webpage www.qpa.org/pro_rea.
9 Construct. National structural concrete specification for building construction, Construct, 2004.
10 British Standards Institution. BS4027, Specification for sulfateresisting Portland cement, BSI, 1996.
11 Harrison, T A. The new concrete standards getting started, CS149, The Concrete Society, 2003.
12 British Standards Institution. Standards for fresh concrete, BSI, 2004.

For more information on BS 8500 and other

questions relating to the design, use and
performance of concrete contact the
national helpline on:
0700 4 500 500 or 0700 4 CONCRETE
[email protected]

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Ref: TCC/03/011
ISBN 1-904818-23-4
Published March 2005
The Concrete Centre

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