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SECTION A – READING
HENRY CAVENDISH
1 Henry Cavendish, the eldest son of Lord Charles Cavendish, was born at Nice in 1731.
From a school at Hackney, he entered Cambridge in 1749. He devoted his whole life to
scientific investigation and became a first-rate physicist and chemist. An uncle of his
left him a large amount of money and this enabled Cavendish to carryon his work
without any interruption.
2 Cavendish was one of the pioneers in the study of gases. In 1766 he discovered 'inflam -
mable air', now called 'hydrogen'. Later he showed that water was produced when this
gas was burnt. In 1785, he discovered that nitric acid was produced by the combination
of the two constituent gases of the atmosphere, oxygen and nitrogen. The discovery has
since become immensely important in industry, especially in the manufacture of ferti -
lizers. In the course of this experiment he made the remarkable observation that a very
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small fraction, about I' 120th of the air, was different from the rest of it. Thus
Cavendish had observed but not recognized the gas that was rediscovered more than a
hundred years later and was given the name Argon.
3 In addition to the above discoveries, Cavendish made notable discoveries in
electrostatics.
The accuracy and completeness of his discoveries, even from the modern point of view,
were remarkable. Cavendish died in 1810. The Cavendish Physical Laboratory at
Cambridge was named in his honour and contains much of his apparatus.
4 Cavendish was a silent and solitary man and hated to meet strangers. His female
domestic servants had orders to keep out of his sight. It is said that he ordered his
dinner daily by a note placed on the dinner table.
1.1. On the basis of your reading the passage, complete the following table with suitable
words and phrases chosen from it. Write your answers in your answer sheet against the
correct blank number. (6marks)
Year Event/discovery
1 73 1 (a) ...............
1 74 9 joins Cambridge
(b) ............... discovers 'inflammable air'
(now called 'hydrogen')
later shows that
(c) ...............
...............
(d) ............... discovers nitric acid
1.2. On the basis of your reading the passage, answer the following questions as briefly as
possible. Write your answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank number.
(4 marks)
(a) The most important factor that enabled Cavendish to carry out his research was
__________.
(b) Nitric acid consists of __________ .
(c) The utility of nitric acid is more in the fields of __________ .
(d) Cavendish hated meeting strangers and was a solitary man. This fact is clear from
__________.
2. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: [10]
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1. The phenomenon of ageing has been with us. Anything that is born must disappear. We cannot
avoid old age, but how to face it and add zest to life in the remaining years of our living on this
earth?
2. Ageing should bring control over three human passions- lust, anger and greed. Controlling these
forces changes the mode of our living and our thinking.
3. There are two factors which are responsible for our well being. First, keeping ourselves fully
occupied both mentally and physically, with something we like. The second is directing ourselves
towards spirituality. Spiritual learning makes us calmer and gives inner peace.
4. Meditation, reading books and keeping company with spiritually-enlightened people keep us
mentally occupied and bring tranquility. A life full of contentment at this stage particularly would
make the remaining years of our life happier.
5. We understood the meaning of renunciation, wrongly perhaps. Running away from the world and
its material attractions is not the path being professed. The stage of life that we are at, is one in which
we must not ignore the spark that guides us to the correct path. We are not the external body alone,
but the soul within also. According to our scriptures, God resides in every soul.
6. There are three weapons, which God has given us for our happiness – awareness, wisdom and
goodness.
Awareness refers to knowing one’s real self. It means to be aware of our real personality. Wisdom is
our second weapon. Most of us lead this life without being aware of our aim, goal and priorities and
each one’s inherent capacities. A person of wisdom will succeed by disciplining his life, fixing the
priorities and reorganizing his reactions, emotions and thoughts. Wisdom lies in knowing our goal in
life. Goodness is in fact the core of all philosophies. It is the sheet anchor of the teaching of various
religions. What are the Ten Commandments? What is compassion taught by Buddha? What is
Ahimsa taught by Saint Mahavir? The Gita repeats, again and again, that unless we enhance our
content of nobility and purity, the goal of self realisation will remain beyond reach.
7. Goodness and humility go hand-in-hand and complement each other. One has to replace selfishness
with selflessness and bring one’s ego under control
8. To practice compassion you have to have all the qualities of goodness – truth, love, purity and
humility.
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9. The Dalai Lama has repeatedly brought out in his discourses that love and anger cannot be
generated exactly at the same time in the same person. Once you become accustomed to one class of
attitudes, the other side automatically will diminish.
10. He said: “Ignorance, anger, attachment and pride are your ultimate enemies. They are not outside
but within you and must be fought with the weapons of wisdom and concentration. Have a good
heart, a good mind and warm feelings?” This will lead us to live a beautiful life.
2.1 On the basis of your reading the passage complete the notes. Write your answers in your
answer sheet against the correct blank number. [04]
a) To add zest to old age one should control three human passions:
i) ________________ ii) ________________ and lust.
b) One should keep oneself occupied i) ________________________ and mentally.
c) One should be spiritually inclined through i) ______________ ii) ___________ and reading
books.
d) Three weapons God has given us for happiness are
i) ________________ ii) ________________ and awareness.
e) One should follow: i) _________________________________
2.2 On the basis of your reading, complete the following sentences briefly. Write your answers
in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. [4x1/2 = 2]
2.3 Find words/phrases in the passage that have the same meaning as the following. Write your
answers in your answer sheets against the correct blank number. [04]
a) enjoyment (para 1)
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b) giving up (para 5)
c) asserted; stated (para5)
d) precedence (para 7)
SECTION B – WRITING
3. Read the following telephone conversation which took place between Kamal and Sumit.
Sumit’s father is not at home and he is to hurry to school. Sumit, therefore, leaves a message for
his father. Write the message in not more than 50 words. [05]
4. Anupam Singh is on his way to Hisar to join his university after the summer vacation. At Rohtak,
just before he is to catch another bus, he remembers that he has forgotten his notes and newly bought
watch, both placed in his almirah. He decides to write a post card at home to give his notes and watch
to Anil, his junior, who is to come to Hisar the next day. Write the postcard to his mother, in not more
than 50 words. [05]
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4. The cartoon, below makes fun of the kind of fashions followed by today's youth. Using ideas
from this cartoon together with your own ideas, write a short speech on "Changing
Fashions" to be given at the morning assembly in your school in not more than
150 words. [05]
5. Neelam Verma of Class X B is the Secretary of Holy Angel Public School Geography Forum.
Her teacher-in-charge asks her to put up a notice on the School Notice Board to invite the
students of Geography to participate in an Inter-School Geography Quiz Contest to be held
after a fortnight. The first prize carries Rs. 1000 and a Trophy. Imagining yourself as Neelam
Verma, write that Notice in not more than 50 words making it catch. Put the notice in a box.
[07]
6. You are Abhishek, living in Ambala. The elder brother of your friend Anand who is living at
1, Wallace Garden, Chennai-4, is getting married. You promised him that you would attend his
marriage. But you have your mid-term examinations on the day of the marriage. You decide to
send him a telegram expressing your inability to attend the marriage and congratulating him.
Copy the format given below in your answer sheet and write the telegram in not
more than 25 words. [08]
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SECTION C - GRAMMAR
7. Below you can see a cartoon. Complete the following paragraph reporting what
happened in the cartoon. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank
number. [05]
SENDER'S NAME
NOT TO BE TELEGRAPHED
2. SENDER'S ADDRESS:
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8. Look at the words and phrases given below. Rearrange them to form meaningful sentences.
[4x ½ =2]
Example: is / explain/ crude oil/ how / refined Explain how crude oil is refined
1 :1 1. cru
The customer asked the waiter what (a) __and the waiter told respectfully
that (b) _____. When the customer asked (c) ___, the waiter asked if he (the de
customer) (d) __. oil/
of/ first/ heated/ all/ is
2. on/ finest/ the/ vapours/ first/ petrol/ become/ cooling
3. condescended/ gas/ later/ off/ coming/ paraffin/ into/ is
4. come/ are/ to/ oils/ last/ lubricating
9. In the paragraph given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing
word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer
sheet against the correct blank number. Make sure that the word that forms your answer is
underlined. [04]
The television has always very controversial. e.g. always been very
While the positive aspects the electronic a) ______________
media innumerable, their negative b) ______________
impact children cannot be denied. c) ______________
For new piece of information that d) ______________
a child learns the Discovery or National e) ______________
Geographic channel, are also f) ______________
unrealistic stunt shows parents dislike. g) ______________
Computers and TV have students to lose interest h) ______________
in studies.
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10. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the
incorrect word and correction in your answer sheets as given below against the correct blank
number. Remember to underline the word that you have supplied.
[6X1/2 = 3]
11. Below you can see a set of instructions for making Carroty halwa. Complete the following
paragraph. [04]
Ingredients:-
½ kg carrots, ½ litre milk, 100 gm of khoa, 1 cup of water, 100g sugar, 3 tablespoonful of oil and 5-6
cardamoms.
Method:-
Wash, scrape and grate the carrots. Cook carrots alongwith he milk in a vessel. Add fat and fry when
the milk dries up. Add sugar and crushed cardamoms. Fry till the oil comes out. Mix khoa well and
remove it from the fire.
The carrots are washed, scarped and grated. They (a) _____________ vessel. Fat(b) _____________
when the milk dries up. Sugar and crushed cardamoms are added to it and then it (c) _____________
out. Khoa (d) ___________ fire.
Special Task Force sleuths arrived here today where (b) …………………………………………. of
the son of a former Union Minister.
SECTION D- LITERATURE
13. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow:
“She springs like a beam on the brow of the tide
She falls like a tear from the eyes of a bride
Lightly O lightly we glide and we sing
We bear her along like a pearl on the string”
a) Who are ‘we’? What are they doing? [01]
b) Which words in the extract show that she is not a burden for the persons carrying her? [01]
c) Name and explain the poetic device used in the last line. [01]
14. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow:
“I cannot remember my mother
But when in the early autumn morning
the smell of shiuli flowers floats in the air
the scent of the morning service in the temple
comes to me as the scent of my mother.”
a) When does the poet remember his mother? [01]
b) When are shiuli flowers found? How are they used? [01]
c) How does the poet recollect his mother? [01]
15. What choice did the poet have to make in the poem “The Road not Taken”? Does he
regret his choice? Why/ Why not? [03]
16. Why was Ramanujan worried about getting his daughter married? Give four reasons.
Or
How does the postman console and guide Ramanujam and his family during each of the
instances? [03]
17. After reaching school, Arun in ‘The Woman on Platform No.8’ decides to share his joy in
meeting the woman with his cousin Ravi. Imagine you are Arun and write the letter in about 150
words. [05]
18. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow: [04]
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“I see no fault in that, so long as she does not shirk her wedded duty, or bring reproach
upon the noble name she bears”
a) Who speaks these lines and to whom? [01]
b) What is the ‘fault’ that is referred to? [01]
c) Who is being talked about? Does the speaker defend or accuse her? How? [01]
19. What resolutions did John Perkins make in the absence of his wife, Katy? [03]
20. What message does ‘The Bishop’s Candlesticks’ give? Write answer in 50-75 words. [03]
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