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    Andrea Gabrieli

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    Jason Tiongco
    Andrea Gabrieli was an influential Italian Renaissance composer and organist. He was appointed organist at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice in 1566, where he developed his grand ceremonial style of composition. This style featured the use of multiple choirs in antiphonal dialogue and was influential in the development of polychoral and concertato styles. Gabrieli composed extensively for ceremonies and events at St. Mark's, helping to establish the renowned Venetian polyphonic style. He was also an important teacher and influenced many composers, including his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli.

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    Andrea Gabrieli

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    Jason Tiongco
    223 views4 pages
    Andrea Gabrieli was an influential Italian Renaissance composer and organist. He was appointed organist at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice in 1566, where he developed his grand ceremonial style of composition. This style featured the use of multiple choirs in antiphonal dialogue and was influential in the development of polychoral and concertato styles. Gabrieli composed extensively for ceremonies and events at St. Mark's, helping to establish the renowned Venetian polyphonic style. He was also an important teacher and influenced many composers, including his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli.

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    Andrea Gabrieli was an influential Italian Renaissance composer and organist. He was appointed organist at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice in 1566, where he developed his grand ceremonial style of composition. This style featured the use of multiple choirs in antiphonal dialogue and was influential in the development of polychoral and concertato styles. Gabrieli composed extensively for ceremonies and events at St. Mark's, helping to establish the renowned Venetian polyphonic style. He was also an important teacher and influenced many composers, including his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    223 views4 pages

    Andrea Gabrieli

    Uploaded by

    Jason Tiongco
    Andrea Gabrieli was an influential Italian Renaissance composer and organist. He was appointed organist at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice in 1566, where he developed his grand ceremonial style of composition. This style featured the use of multiple choirs in antiphonal dialogue and was influential in the development of polychoral and concertato styles. Gabrieli composed extensively for ceremonies and events at St. Mark's, helping to establish the renowned Venetian polyphonic style. He was also an important teacher and influenced many composers, including his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Andrea Gabrieli

    fully for the post of organist at St. Marks.[1]


    In 1562 he went to Germany, where he visited Frankfurt
    am Main and Munich; while there he met and became
    friends with Orlande de Lassus, one of the most wideranging composers of the entire Renaissance, who wrote
    secular songs in French, Italian, and German, as well
    as abundant Latin sacred music. This musical relationship proved immensely fruitful for both composers: while
    Lassus certainly learned from the Venetian, Gabrieli took
    back to Venice numerous ideas he learned while visiting
    Lassus in Bavaria, and within a short time was composing
    in most of the current idioms, including one which Lassus
    entirely avoided: purely instrumental music.[2]
    In 1566 Gabrieli was chosen for the post of organist at
    St. Marks, one of the most prestigious musical posts
    in northern Italy; he retained this position for the rest
    of his life. Around this time he acquired, and maintained, a reputation as one of the nest current composers. Working in the unique acoustical space of St.
    Marks, he was able to develop his unique, grand ceremonial style, which was enormously inuential in the development of the polychoral style and the concertato idiom,
    which partially dened the beginning of the Baroque era
    in music.[3]
    His duties at St. Marks clearly included composition,
    for he wrote a great deal of music for ceremonial aairs,
    some of considerable historical interest. He provided the
    music for the festivities accompanying the celebration of
    the victory over the Turks in the Battle of Lepanto (1571);
    he also composed music for the visit of several princes
    from Japan (1585).

    Andrea Gabrieli

    Andrea Gabrieli (1532/1533[1] August 30, 1585)


    was an Italian[1] composer and organist of the late
    Renaissance. The uncle of the somewhat more famous Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the rst internationally
    renowned member of the Venetian School of composers,
    and was extremely inuential in spreading the Venetian Late in his career he also became famous as a teacher.
    style in Italy as well as in Germany.
    Prominent among his students were his nephew Giovanni
    Gabrieli; the music theorist Lodovico Zacconi; Hans Leo
    Hassler, who carried the concertato style to Germany; and
    many others.

    Life

    The date and circumstances of his death were not known


    until the 1980s, when the register containing his death
    date was found. Dated August 30, 1585, it includes the
    notation that he was about 52 years old"; his approximate
    birth date has been inferred from this.[1] His position at
    St. Marks was not lled until the end of 1586, and a
    large amount of his music was published posthumously
    in 1587.

    Details on Gabrielis early life are sketchy. He was probably a native of Venice, most likely the parish of S.
    Geremia. He may have been a pupil of Adrian Willaert
    at St. Marks in Venice at an early age. There is some evidence that he may have spent some time in Verona in the
    early 1550s, due to a connection with Vincenzo Ruo,
    who worked there as maestro di cappella Ruo published one of Gabrielis madrigals in 1554, and Gabrieli
    also wrote some music for a Veronese academy. Gabrieli
    is known to have been organist in Cannaregio between
    1555 and 1557, at which time he competed unsuccess1

    Works

    Gabrieli was a prolic and versatile composer, and wrote


    a large amount of music, including sacred and secular vocal music, music for mixed groups of voices and instruments, and purely instrumental music, much of it for the
    huge, resonant space of St. Marks. His works include
    over a hundred motets and madrigals, as well as a smaller
    number of instrumental works.
    His early style is indebted to Cipriano de Rore, and his
    madrigals are representative of mid-century trends. Even
    in his earliest music, however, he had a liking for homophonic textures at climaxes, foreshadowing the grand
    style of his later years. After his meeting with Lassus in
    1562, his style changed considerably, and the Netherlander became the strongest inuence on him.
    Once Gabrieli was working at St. Marks, he began to
    turn away from the Franco-Flemish contrapuntal style
    which had dominated the music of the 16th century, instead exploiting the sonorous grandeur of mixed instrumental and vocal groups playing antiphonally in the great
    basilica. His music of this time uses repetition of phrases
    with dierent combinations of voices at dierent pitch
    levels; although instrumentation is not specically indicated, it can be inferred; he carefully contrasts texture
    and sonority to shape sections of music in a way which
    was unique, and which dened the Venetian style for the
    next generation.
    Not everything Gabrieli wrote was for St. Marks, though.
    He provided the music for one of the earliest revivals of
    an ancient Greek drama in Italian translation: Oedipus
    tyrannus, by Sophocles, for which he wrote the music for
    the choruses, setting separate lines for dierent groupings
    of voices. It was produced at Vicenza in 1585.
    Evidently Andrea Gabrieli was reluctant to publish much
    of his own music, and his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli published much of it after his uncles death.

    3
    4

    EDITIONS

    Denis Arnold, Giovanni Gabrieli and the Music of


    the Venetian High Renaissance. London, Oxford
    University Press, 1979. ISBN 0-19-315232-0
    Giuseppe Clericetti, Le composizioni per strumenti a tastiera di Andrea Gabrieli. Catalogo, bibliograa, varianti in L'Organo XXV-XXVI (19871988), 9-62.
    Giuseppe Clericetti, Martin menoit son pourceau
    au march: due intavolature di Andrea Gabrieli in
    Musicus Perfectus. Studi in onore di Luigi Ferdinando Tagliavini nella ricorrenza del LXV. compleanno, Bologna 1995, Ptron, 147-183.
    Giuseppe Clericetti, Una terra di nessuno: le tre
    Messe per organo di Andrea Gabrieli in Fiori Musicologici. Studi in onore di Luigi Ferdinando Tagliavini nella ricorrenza del suo LXX. compleanno,
    Bologna 2001, Ptron, 139-170.
    Andrea Gabrieli, Cessate cantus. Lettere 1557-1585,
    a cura di Giuseppe Clericetti, Varese, Zecchini,
    2014. ISBN 978-88-6540-100-2

    5 Editions
    Sacrae Cantiones, Venezia, Angelo Gardano 1565,
    modern edition Verlag C. Hous, Ammerbuch
    (Germany) 2013, ISMN 979-0-50248-001-1
    Il Primo Libro di Madrigali a cinque voci, Venezia,
    Angelo Gardano 1566, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 2008
    Il Secondo Libro di Madrigali a cinque voci, Venezia,
    Angelo Gardano 1570, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 1996

    Media

    Primus Liber Missarum, Venezia, Angelo Gardano


    1572, modern edition Verlag C. Hous, Ammerbuch 2014, ISMN 979-0-50248-000-4.

    References

    Libro Primo de Madrigali a tre voci, modern edition


    Ricordi, Milano 1999

    David Bryant: Andrea Gabrieli, Grove Music


    Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed July 15, 2007),
    (subscription access)

    Ecclesiasticum Cantionum quatuor vocum omnibus


    sanctorum solemnitatibus deservientium.
    Liber
    primus, Venezia, Angelo Gardano 1576, modern
    edition Ricordi, Milano 2001

    Denis Arnold, Andrea Gabrieli, in The New Grove


    Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley
    Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd.,
    1980. ISBN 1-56159-174-2

    Opere edite in vita: Psalmi Davidici, qui poenitentiales nuncupantur, tum omnis generis instrumentorum, Venezia, Angelo Gardano 1583, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 1988

    Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance. New


    York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954. ISBN 0-39309530-4

    Opera postume. Concerti di Andrea et di Gio.


    Gabrieli, Venezia, Angelo Gardano 1587, modern
    edition Ricordi, Milano 1989

    3
    Chori in musica composti sopra li chori della tragedia di Edippo Tiranno: recitati in Vicenza l'anno
    MDLXXXV, Venezia, Angelo Gardano 1588, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 1995
    Il terzo Libro de Madrigali a cinque voci, con alcuni di Giovanni Gabrieli, Venezia, Angelo Gardano
    1589, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 2012
    Madrigali et ricecari a quattro voci, Venezia, Angelo
    Gardano 1589/90, modern edition Ricordi, Milano
    2012
    Le composizioni vocali di Andrea Gabrieli in intavolature per tastiera e liuto, modern edition Ricordi, Milano 1993/1999
    Complete Keyboard Works (edited by Giuseppe
    Clericetti), 6 Vol. + Critical Report, Wien 1997-99,
    Doblinger (Diletto Musicale 1141-46, 09671).

    Notes

    [1] Bryant, Grove online


    [2] Arnold, Giovanni Gabrieli and the Music of the Venetian
    High Renaissance, p. 4. Note: while this book is mainly
    on Giovanni, Andreas nephew, the initial chapter discusses in detail several of the other Venetian School composers, including Andrea.
    [3] Arnold, Grove online

    External links
    Free scores by Andrea Gabrieli at the International
    Music Score Library Project

    Free scores by Andrea Gabrieli in the Choral Public


    Domain Library (ChoralWiki)

    8 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

    Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

    8.1

    Text

    Andrea Gabrieli Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Gabrieli?oldid=628517538 Contributors: Magnus Manske, Camembert, Bemoeial, Viajero, Hyacinth, Robbot, Wikibot, Everyking, Leonard Vertighel, Antandrus, Vanished user 1234567890, Marcus2,
    Rich Farmbrough, Bender235, El C, Ksnow, Japanese Searobin, Kelly Martin, Woohookitty, FeanorStar7, Graham87, Rjwilmsi, Kingnavland, YurikBot, Zwobot, Alias Flood, SmackBot, TimBentley, Al Pereira, Lox, Reccmo, Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Wikidwitch, Tawkerbot2,
    Thijs!bot, Charlie Chalk, Massimo Macconi, Gcm, Gran Westling, Rbunbury, Kyle the bot, Philip Trueman, TXiKiBoT, Lukasdoro, ClueBot, DragonBot, Addbot, LaaknorBot, Lightbot, Zorrobot, Fishface42, Rubinbot, , Omnipaedista, RibotBOT,
    , Cjordahl,
    RjwilmsiBot, EmausBot, SporkBot, ClueBot NG, Vagobot, Toccata quarta, YFdyh-bot and Anonymous: 30

    8.2

    Images

    File:Agabrieli.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Agabrieli.jpg License: CC BY 3.0 Contributors: http:


    //www.lastfm.es/music/Andrea+Gabrieli Original artist: Unknown
    File:Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg
    Source:
    http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/
    Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work. Based on File:Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.
    svg, which is public domain. Original artist: User:Eubulides
    File:Ricercar_del_Sesto_Tuono_A_Gabrieli.ogg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Ricercar_del_Sesto_
    Tuono_A_Gabrieli.ogg License: CC BY 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Metzner

    8.3

    Content license

    Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

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