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    Chapter 1: The Human Organism: I. Anatomy and Physiology

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    Jun Man
    This chapter provides an overview of anatomy and physiology, describing the structural and functional organization of the human body from the chemical and cellular level up through organ systems and the organism as a whole. It also introduces terminology used to describe body positions, directions, and regions. Homeostasis and feedback mechanisms that maintain stable internal conditions are discussed, as well as characteristics of living organisms like metabolism, responsiveness, growth, and reproduction.

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    Chapter 1: The Human Organism: I. Anatomy and Physiology

    Uploaded by

    Jun Man
    282 views6 pages
    This chapter provides an overview of anatomy and physiology, describing the structural and functional organization of the human body from the chemical and cellular level up through organ systems and the organism as a whole. It also introduces terminology used to describe body positions, directions, and regions. Homeostasis and feedback mechanisms that maintain stable internal conditions are discussed, as well as characteristics of living organisms like metabolism, responsiveness, growth, and reproduction.

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    This chapter provides an overview of anatomy and physiology, describing the structural and functional organization of the human body from the chemical and cellular level up through organ systems and the organism as a whole. It also introduces terminology used to describe body positions, directions, and regions. Homeostasis and feedback mechanisms that maintain stable internal conditions are discussed, as well as characteristics of living organisms like metabolism, responsiveness, growth, and reproduction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    282 views6 pages

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism: I. Anatomy and Physiology

    Uploaded by

    Jun Man
    This chapter provides an overview of anatomy and physiology, describing the structural and functional organization of the human body from the chemical and cellular level up through organ systems and the organism as a whole. It also introduces terminology used to describe body positions, directions, and regions. Homeostasis and feedback mechanisms that maintain stable internal conditions are discussed, as well as characteristics of living organisms like metabolism, responsiveness, growth, and reproduction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism


    I. Anatomy and Physiology
    A. Anatomy - study of structure
    1. Studying structural changes from conception to adulthood is called:
    _____________________________________________________________
    2. Embryology is the study of ________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    3. The study of cellular structure is referred to as ________________________
    4. A histologist studies the anatomical structure of _______________________
    5. Gross anatomy refers to _________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    6. Studying one body system at a time is ______________________________
    7. Studying all structures contained in the arm is ________________________
    8. Surface Anatomy refers to _______________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    9. Creating pictures of internal body structures is ________________________
    B. Physiology - study of function
    1. A cell physiologist would study ____________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    2. Studying how the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines function
    together to digest food would be an example of _______________________
    II. Structural and Functional Organization
    A. Chemical Level
    1. Basic components are ______________________
    2. The basic components are joined together to form _____________________
    B. Cell Level
    1. Basic unit of ___________________________________________________
    2. Made up of small structures called _________________________________

    Page 1 of 6

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    C. Tissue Level
    1. Composed of: _________________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    2. Four basic types: _______________________, _______________________
    _____________________________, and ___________________________
    D. Organ Level
    1. Composed of: _________________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    E. Organ System Level
    1. Composed of: _________________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    F. Organism Level
    1. In humans a __________________________________________________
    ____________________________________________________________
    III. The Human Organism - Characteristics of Life
    A. Organization
    1. Large ___________________ are organized into ____________________
    which in turn form __________________
    B. Metabolism
    1. Consists of ___________________________________________________
    C. Responsiveness
    1. Sense ________________________________________ and
    _______________________ to the changes
    D. Growth
    1. Due to cells increasing in _________________ or ____________________
    E. Development = __________________________________________________
    1. A primitive cell becoming specialized for vision is _____________________
    2. Body changes that occur at puberty are ____________________________

    Page 2 of 6

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    F. Reproduction
    1. Involves formation of ____________________ or _____________________
    IV. Homeostasis
    A. Homeostasis is ___________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________
    1. Body conditions that change over time are known as ___________________
    2. The normal value for a body condition is referred to as _________________
    3. Body conditions are not constant but vary within a _____________________
    B. Negative Feedback
    1. Negative means that ____________________________________________
    2. Negative feedback maintaining homeostasis involves:
    a. Deviation from the set point called a ______________________
    b. The deviation being detected by a ________________________
    c. The deviation being analyzed by the ______________________
    d. The ______________ moving the variable back toward the set point.
    C. Positive Feedback
    1. Positive means that a deviation from set point causes __________________
    _____________________________________________________________
    V. Terminology and the Body Plan
    A. Body Positions
    1. Describe "anatomic position": ______________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    2. If you lay down on your back you are ______________________
    3. If you lay down on your stomach you are ______________________
    B. Directional Terms
    1. The proper anatomical term for up is ______________________
    2. The proper anatomical term for down is ______________________

    Page 3 of 6

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    3. The proper anatomical term for front is ______________________


    4. The proper anatomical term for back is ______________________
    5. The term "cephalic" is synonymous with ______________________
    6. The term "caudal" is synonymous with ______________________
    7. In humans the term "ventral surface" refers to the _____________________
    8. In humans the term "dorsal surface" refers to the ______________________
    9. The end of a structure nearer the point of origin is _____________________
    10. The end of a structure farther from the point of origin is _________________
    11. A structure closer to the midline of the body is said to be ________________
    12. A structure farther from the midline of the body is ______________________
    13. Structures near the body surface are referred to as ____________________
    14. Structures that are in the interior of the body are said to be ______________
    C. Body Parts and Regions
    1. The body from the shoulder to the elbow is properly called ______________
    2. The body from the elbow to the wrist is properly called _________________
    3. The body from the hip to the knee is properly called ___________________
    4. The body from the knee to the ankle is properly called _________________
    5. Label the four quadrants of the abdomen on the diagram below:
    Right

    Page 4 of 6

    Left

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    6. Label the nine regions of the abdomen on the diagram below:


    Right

    Left

    D. Planes
    1. What vertical plane divides the body into right and left portions?
    _____________________
    2. What vertical plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
    _____________________
    3. What plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
    _____________________
    4. What vertical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?
    _____________________
    5. Cutting through the long axis of an organ creates a ____________________
    6. Cutting at right angles to the long axis of an organ creates a _____________
    7. An oblique section is created by ___________________________________
    E. Body Cavities
    1. Thoracic Cavity
    a. Located: ___________________________________________________
    b. Median portion, which is known as the ___________________________

    Page 5 of 6

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

    th

    Seeley, Stephens, and Tate: Anatomy and Physiology, 6 ed.

    Chapter 1: The Human Organism

    c. On either side of the median portion are found the ___________________


    2. Abdominal Cavity
    a. Enclosed by ________________________________________________
    b. Contains the ________________________________________________
    3. Pelvic Cavity
    a. Enclosed by ________________________________________________
    b. Contains the ________________________________________________
    4. Term "abdominopelvic cavity" refers to ______________________________
    F. Serous Membranes
    1. Found ________________________ and ___________________________
    2. Visceral serous membrane will be found ____________________________
    3. Parietal serous membrane will be found ____________________________
    4. Between serous membranes is _____________________ which _________
    _____________________________________________________________
    5. The pericardial cavity is found _____________________________________
    6. The pleural cavity is found ________________________________________
    7. The peritoneal cavity is found _____________________________________
    8. Mesenteries
    a. Composed of _______________________________________________
    b. Connect what to what? ________________________________________
    ___________________________________________________________
    c. Functionally mesenteries ______________________________________
    and _______________________________________________________
    d. Organs that are directly attached to the body wall and covered only with a
    parietal peritoneum are referred to as being _______________________

    Page 6 of 6

    Created by Martin E. Hicks,


    Community College of Southern Nevada

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