DHL Logistics-TrendRadar 2014

Low-cost
Sensor Technology
Multiple Purpose Networks
De-Stressing the Supply Chain
Localization
& Location
Intelligence
Fair Logistics Marketplaces

Crowd
Near- & Convenience Logistics
Logistics Logistics X-Shoring
Omni-Channel
Logistics
Grey Power Logistics
Urban
Logistics
Wearable Augmented Reality

Technology
Cloud Logistics
Robotics &
Automation
3D Printing
Autonomous
Logistics
Big Data/
Open Data
Internet
of Things
Supergrid
Logistics
Anticipatory Logistics
Shareconomy Logistics
Crypto-currencies
& Crypto-payment
LOGISTICS
TREND RADAR
Delivering insight today.
Creating value tomorrow!
Version 2014
Powered by DHL Trend Research
Real
Time
Services
PUBLISHER
DHL Customer Solutions & Innovation
Represented by Matthias Heutger
Senior Vice President Strategy, Marketing & Development
53844 Troisdorf, Germany
PROJECT DIRECTOR
Dr. Markus Kckelhaus
DHL Trend Research
PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND EDITORIAL OFFICE
Katrin Zeiler
DHL Trend Research
IN COOPERATION WITH:
AUTHORS
Dr. Nedialka Bubner
Dr. Nikolaus Bubner
PD Dr. Ralf Helbig
Martin Jeske
LOGISTICS
TREND RADAR
Delivering insight today.
Creating value tomorrow!
Version 2014
Powered by DHL Trend Research
Preface
PREFACE
Dear Reader,
Why do we look into trends? Researching trends and
deriving from this implications for business is no
longer a niche task. DHL Trend Research is now an
established and key source of inspiration, not only
within DHL but also for our wider innovation
community, partners and customers worldwide.
The first edition of the Logistics Trend Radar was
published in 2013, representing the starting point
of a new research series by DHL.
It provided an inspiring benchmark for strategy
and innovation; it was warmly received by the global
logistics community and has triggered a number of
successful pilot solutions inside and outside DHL.
In this second edition of the Logistics Trend Radar,

jointly developed with the experts from Detecon
Consulting, we are honored to share the latest trends
with you, and we are excited to invite you to review
the new version with extended content and refreshed
design. As a dynamic, living tool, the Logistics Trend
Radar will hopefully once again assist and inspire you
to derive innovative solutions in the world of logistics.
Please join us on our journey to deliver insight today
for creating value tomorrow!
Yours sincerely,
In the course of last year, DHL Trend Research

published various in-depth trend reports, each
providing a deep dive into a specific logistics trend.
The recent reports are on the trends of Big Data,
Low Cost Sensor Technology and Augmented Reality.
These reports include an introduction to the trend
topic, and an in-depth analysis of its impact on the
logistics value chain, as well as a unique selection of
use cases. As such, these reports are fueling numerous
roundtable discussions among industry experts.
Matthias Heutger
Table of Contents
PREFACE..................................................................................................... 1
LOOKING BACK:
HOT TOPICS IN LOGISTICS INNOVATION THROUGH 2013 ......................... 3
RIGHT HERE, RIGHT NOW: MEGATRENDS AND
TECHNOLOGIES DRIVING LOGISTICS INNOVATION ................................... 5
CHANGES IN THE LOGISTICS TREND RADAR ............................................. 11
AT A GLANCE: THE NEW LOGISTICS TREND RADAR .................................. 12
OVERVIEW: SUMMARY OF THE KEY TRENDS ............................................. 14
IN-DEPTH: SOCIAL & BUSINESS TRENDS ................................................... 16
IN-DEPTH: TECHNOLOGY TRENDS ............................................................. 30
REFERENCES: BEST PRACTICE AND SOURCES ........................................... 41
Looking Back
LOOKING BACK: HOT TOPICS IN LOGISTICS INNOVATION THROUGH 2013

Looking back at how the global economy has evolved
and considering many fruitful discussions, its now a
good time to review the 2013 trend predictions for
the logistics industry. Which drivers became prevalent?
What trends have substantiated? Here are the trends
that took center stage.
SPEEDING UP? NO, ITS ABOUT

WELL-ORCHESTRATED MOVES
In the ongoing quest of the logistics industry to
maximize speed and efficiency, a second driver emerged
to increasingly impact operations: Flexibility to deliver
the right answer to the right customer question. In 2013,
decision-makers and opinion leaders agreed that the
concept of a Logistics Supergrid and related topics such
as Logistics-as-a-Service, Supply Chain on Demand,
and Logistics Marketplaces had the potential to become
business operating models of the future. The real-time
adaptability of a Logistics Supergrid would enable flexible
collaboration, modular service orchestration, and maximum efficiency at the same time. The admittedly transformational approach would keep logistics companies
busy for several years to come, as they would have to
step up efforts on standardized service modularization
and information management, enabling an orchestrated
ad-hoc coupling and de-coupling of logistics partners.
DATA IS THE NEW OIL REFINE IT

Speaking of information management, it turned out that
the mastery of complex and extensive data sources was
becoming a differentiating factor in the logistics industry.
In 2013, market leaders were seen to build out advanced
data manipulation capabilities such as predictive analytics
and real-time event processing, and they started extracting insights from unstructured information. Big data
had begun to make inroads into logistics services, turning
large-scale data volumes into a unique asset capable of
boosting efficiency in areas of the business. In the logistics
industry, from predictive network and capacity planning,
through risk evaluation, resilience planning, and real-time
route optimization, up to crowd-sourced pickup and
delivery operations, big data was no longer just hype;
big data is the new logistics tool.1
Big data boosts logistics: Using data is an untapped logistics asset says a new report from DHL, Cold Chain News, Issue 188, February 2014, Page 3.
Looking Back
LIVING UP TO CUSTOMER EXPECTATIONS

The continued success of electronic commerce gave rise
in 2013 to increased customer expectations in terms of
faster (up to same-day) and individually tailored delivery.
This undisputable trend forced providers to explore alternatives to established delivery models. Crowd Sourcing
approaches, such as DHL MyWays which was piloted
in Sweden last year, seemed likely to soon become a
complementary delivery channel in many global markets.
While the progress in crowd-based delivery models drew
little public attention, except as a means of speeding up
delivery times, another development did create a lot of
media noise: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
One example is the DHL Parcelcopter which was first
tested in a use case delivering pharmaceutical goods
to employees at the Post Tower in Bonn, Germany.
Many other pilot initiatives are to be anticipated,
including deliveries to remote areas.
STOP MOVING GOODS START PRINTING

The impact of 3D Printing for the logistics industry was
(and continues to be) a hotly debated topic. In 2013, there
were at least two different tendencies to consider. For
established industries such as the Automotive and Life
Sciences industries, there were predictions that 3D printing
would start to become a supplementary way to manufacture parts (e.g., in prototyping, testing and maintenance).
This was likely to add new complexity to the supporting
logistics as it would be necessary to smoothly integrate
and orchestrate the logistics flows of traditionally manufactured parts and of parts produced by 3D printing.
For all industries, new business models were expected
to emerge (e.g., 3D-Fabs). This would create windows
of opportunity for logistics providers to extend their
value chain by integrating new 3D-production capabilities
into their end-to-end logistics services.
LOGISTICS AUTOMATION
THANKS, XBOX AND IPHONE2
Technological advancement in consumer electronics
during 2013 positively impacted the feasibility of new
logistics use cases. In intra-logistics, Augmented
Reality promised to become a tangible technology
with higher impact than previously predicted, often
guiding and accelerating precise hands-free activities.
As more and more wearable consumer devices arrived

on the market, such as glasses, watches, and even intelligent fabrics, Augmented Reality applications in logistics
became more likely to achieve a faster-than-expected
return on investment. In 2013, the cost of advanced
logistics automation was being driven down by the mass
production of a wide range of Low-cost Sensor devices
for consumer electronics. It was predicted that soon
logistics providers would be using 3D-sensors for freight
volume and object contour scanning, as successfully
piloted by DHL Freight over the course of that year.
Logistics providers were also predicted to start using
low-cost sensor technology to control automated
loading and unloading of trailers and for volume-based
sorting and pricing. Additional capabilities such as
motion, gesture, face, and voice recognition, as well
as location and environmental monitoring, would
one day be added into many logistics processes,
creating substantial opportunity for process automation.
Xbox is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.; iPhone is a registered trademark of Apple Inc.
Right Here, Right Now
RIGHT HERE, RIGHT NOW: MEGATRENDS AND TECHNOLOGIES DRIVING

LOGISTICS INNOVATION
What do the insights from last year tell us about the
future? The evolution of the economy worldwide and
its perceived impact on the logistics market during 2013
has helped the research team to extrapolate new and even
more precise predictions for this second edition of the
Logistics Trend Radar. The following sections provide a
freshly calibrated view for 2014 on the megatrends and
drivers that will influence the development of business
models and technology usage in the logistics industry.
Megatrends
Circular Economy & Sustainability
Increasing Risk and Disruption Intelligent Sourcing & X-Shoring
Networked Economy & Coopetition
Global Uncertainty & Volatility

Shifting Centers of Economic Activity Crowd Funding
Connected Experiences
Omni-Channel Business Models
Resource and Energy Limitations Digitization & E-Substitution

UBERfication & On-Demand Sharing
Regional Empowerment
Individualization
Online / Offline Integration

Continuing Globalization Increasing Supply Chain Complexity
Demographic Changes, Urbanization
Collaborative Crowd Economy
MAJOR MEGATRENDS
As well as the most discussed megatrends and drivers
of recent years such as demographic changes, urbanization, consumerization, and individualization more
and more new drivers are beginning to impact logistics
companies, particularly how they define strategy and
operate business.
Regional empowerment
With ongoing globalization, companies are continuing to
expand their global footprint. But unlike the players in
the first wave of globalization, new entrants to the global
marketplace focus more and more on empowering
underdeveloped regions. Some of them, have developed
dedicated roadmaps for each region, following the
philosophy that in a globally connected world nobody
cares if a company is a small business. The death of

distance means connectivity and low-cost transmission
goods can be achieved without gatekeepers; products
sold by many small traders can be moved around the
world efficiently. But for small businesses and individual
consumers to join this global trade, it is also essential
to develop innovative payment and settlement services,
along with transparent legal rules and administrative
procedures. All this would be possible with a logistics
Technology drivers
Internet Governance & Jurisdiction
Security Vulnerability
Internet of Everything Embedded Technology

Social Business & Enterprise 2.0
Encryption & Cryptography Second-Screen Revolution
Open Data & Data Sharing

Hybrid & Cloud Computing Cloud Analytics
Consumerization of IT
Cloud Factories
In-Memory Computing
The Age of Context & Prediction Web Screening

Cloud Service Brokerage
Open Apps & Cloud Apps Cloud
Marketplaces
Semantic Networks & Web 3.0
Web Fragmentation
Embedded Analytics
supergrid spanning the entire globe and integrating

smoothly and flexibly all parties along the door-todoor delivery chain.
To become a key enabler of this concept in effect,
a global empowerment culture each logistics provider
will have to overcome several challenges in some areas,
such as country and currency borders, political incertitude, governmental restrictions, channel fragmentation,
and poor logistics infrastructure. A supergrid logistics
business model would enable ad-hoc set-up, configuration, and orchestration of smart business networks
as necessary.
And to close the gaps in, for example, remote areas
or places with high population density and congested
roads, this model could be enhanced with innovative
pickup and delivery concepts such as unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs) and crowd-sourced services.
Global uncertainty and volatility, supply chain

complexity, and new sourcing strategies
Circular economy and sustainability:

from supply chains to supply circles
Globally distributed supply chains mean more facilities,

infrastructure, suppliers, and product variations, numerous
and fragmented sales channels, and increasing regulatory
and transportation security requirements. The complex
webs of interactive relationships in a global economy
inevitably generate long-lasting catastrophic disruptions.
To address the challenges of climate change, higher global

energy demands, material resource scarcity, and varying
government regulations over the next decade, enterprises
will be forced to develop a strategy integrating both
business profitability and sustainability. As well as helping
to reduce negative global environmental and economic
impact, organizations can profit to an unprecedented
degree by using the concept of a circular economy and
by starting to think in circles instead of chains.
In their book Resource Revolution3, Stefan Heck and
Matt Rogers describe the conscious optimization and
utilization of resources and assets as the biggest business
opportunity in a century. For the logistics industry, there
is huge unexploited potential as, according to the World
Economic Forum, only about 40% of available load
capacity is being effectively used today. The key enablers
of circular logistics are local, regional, and global
supergrids, bundled logistics flows, synchromodality,
and network orchestration.
Companies doing business on an international scale must

assume that disasters will occur, even if the probability of
their occurrence is low. In a connected world, causality
is not linear but net-like; even small risks can have unpredictable impact on the supply chain in remote areas and
can cause long-lasting disruption. Global uncertainty
and increasing volatility require flexible asset management, reduction of fixed costs, greater scalability,
increased network elasticity, capacities, and capabilities,
and development of smart business networks.
Because of this, most global enterprises aim to bring
sourcing and production facilities closer to customers;
for example, they may switch from the low-cost production capabilities of outsourcing and offshoring back to
more individual strategies such as intelligent sourcing
and X-shoring. This changes whats required of logistics
network organization and supply management more
raw goods must be transported over long distances and
finished products may have to be distributed via different
channels or delivered individually to end consumers.
Stefan Heck and Matt Rogers: Resource Revolution: How to Capture the Biggest Business Opportunity in a Century, New Harvest, April 2014
Omni-channel business models

E-commerce has already changed the shopping habits
of people around the world and brought with it new
challenges for logistics providers. These include higher
volumes but smaller orders to be picked, packed, placed,
and delivered as well as larger quantities of returns,
exchanges, and damaged goods. Logistics companies
have been able to profit from this trend by expanding
their business models and taking on new responsibility
for services such as packaging, distribution, tracking,
fulfillment, setting-up online shops, multichannel
management, inventory tracking, and technical support.
The brick-and-mortar store will become just one of

multiple commercial channels available to retail companies. It may not be the most profitable one but will be on
an equal basis with outlets, e-commerce sites, social and
mobile sites, catalogs, and other seasonal/single-use
channels such as pop-up stores and flash sales. This will
change the entire logistics portfolio serving the retail
industry: Traditional distribution will be replaced by
different networks serving the different channels. The
challenge will be to fulfill these requirements with minimum effort and investment in new assets, and just by
intelligently using standard networks and orchestrating
established assets.
Foto: Luca Bruno / AP
Changing competitive landscape

Besides the traditional global companies and regional
and local specialists, new players have entered the logistics
and courier, express & parcel markets over the last few years.
Most of them were career changers with logistics services
as a secondary business; some were crowd sourced. For
first-and-last mile and customer-to-customer delivery,
their dynamic, flexible services have established a real
alternative to traditional business. For example, they
enable taxis or private individuals to transport parcels
on their daily routes (MyTaxi, mitpackgelegenheit.de).
Especially for small retailers, e-commerce offers an easy

way to get access to the global marketplace, and even
simultaneously through multiple channels. The crisis
of brick-and-mortar retail will transform the appearance
of city centers and suburban shopping malls. In future,
there will be a split between the physical presentation of
goods in traditional or digitalized stores in cities or outlet
centers, and their storage and delivery. New, lean stores
will not hold large quantities of stock of every product
in every size and every color, but will focus more and
more on providing customers with experiences such as
look and feel, touch and smell, and last but not least
the thrill and emotion of shopping without the annoying
side effect of carrying bags home.
Typically, all these new market players seek out gaps

between established services and customer expectation,
or they make intelligent use of untapped capacity.
Additionally, global retail providers like Amazon and
eBay are working on concepts for vertical integration and
intending to establish their own end-to-end global logistics
networks. For traditional providers, this means more
competition, but it also offers an opportunity they can
use the capabilities and capacities of the new professional
and non-professional service providers to crowd-source
parts of their business cost efficiently and flexibly.
Crowd business models

Shareconomy which can be defined in essence as the
societal shift from ownership to asset-sharing has been
one of the most groundbreaking trends in the last few
years, generating a huge variety of new business models
using the crowd.
This movement has impacted a wide variety of industries
from hospitality to the automotive industry with carsharing platforms such as Drivenow or car2go, making
established companies rethink the way they do business.
The trend of sharing has not only reached businesses,
but also private consumers. Collaborative consumption
within peer groups is exploding which can be seen with
successful startups such as Airbnb which rents private
living space to travelers.
TECHNOLOGY DRIVERS FOR LOGISTICS

INNOVATION
From Internet of Things to Internet of Everything
The Internet of Things has reached a new stage of maturity
and become the Internet of Everything. It is now more
than just sensors communicating with and being steered
by a central hub; the things are starting to talk directly
with each other and become more intelligent and autonomous.
In logistics, crowd sourcing has led to a great number

of innovative last-mile delivery solutions. DHL has
explored this trend and developed the MyWays solution
which allows parcel recipients to have their parcel
delivered to their doorstep when they want via the
services of residents in their neighborhood.
Additionally, by observing crowd funding platforms,
companies can identify pioneering ideas and participate
in their development and application at an early stage.
They are building swarms and organizing themselves,
dynamically responding to changes in their environment.
Being integrated with existing infrastructure (such as
electricity grids, health centers, etc.), they are enabling
new connected-living experiences such as connected
homes, cars, media, etc. In logistics and transportation,
this offers a wide range of new applications, from tagged
goods that already know their entire lifecycle and can
autonomously steer their way, to fridges generating
supply orders for groceries when their content falls below
a specified level. These capabilities are embedded in
traditional infrastructure, and the separation between
online and offline is vanishing. The web itself has become
part of the infrastructure, with the same importance as
the supply of electricity and water.
Open data, the age of context and Web 3.0

Open data published by governments and private institutions, and a companys own data shared with partners,
provide additional scope for big data applications, and
enable entirely new developments in analytics and
operations. According to the McKinsey Global Institute,
data sharing and using open data in transportation can
enable additional value of $720-$920 billion per annum.4
More and more open data is being published and integrated with traditional and new data sources into innovative big data-based analytics. This is likely to have
highest impact on improving the efficiency of freight
operations, enhancing capacity and asset utilization,
and adjusting and synchronizing transport schedules
in the context of, for example, synchromodal and other
smart logistics networks. It will become increasingly
important to identify open-data and data-sharing use
cases, and integrate paths for their adoption into corporate data. Logistics companies can become frontrunners
by creating industry-specific open-data ecosystems and
by considering how to monetize the value of their own
data as it becomes liquid and sharable.
For example, during a search request, it provides users

with so-called miracles of little data data extracted on a
personal basis from all the big data available in the digital
world, as an individual response to an individual question.
The semantification of company data and open data yields
great opportunities to enhance business value by enabling
anticipatory and predictive operations, and much more.
Web fragmentation and internet jurisdiction

The ubiquity of the internet and global connectivity
have brought the people of the world closer together
than any other development. However, today we are
facing a new challenge. As the internet becomes a
commodity, we are hearing more from experts and
politicians who red-flag increasing web fragmentation
and who insist on global web governance and internet
jurisdiction.
The semantic web or Web 3.0 was proclaimed by the

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) as a next evolutionary stage of the internet. While Web 2.0 connects
people, Web 3.0 connects information by interpreting
the context of the activity.
For the logistics industry, unpredictable cyber-attacks on

supply chains and logistics infrastructure are likely to be
disruptive and even devastating. The damage caused by
cyber-attacks isnt merely virtual; it can also be physical
air or rail traffic control, GPS systems, track-and-trace
systems, and real-time control applications can be strongly
affected. Logistics companies, along with the global
web community, have started to face up to this challenge
by establishing regulations in terms of web security,
privacy protection, and cryptography.
McKinsey Global Institute: Open data: Unlocking innovation and performance with liquid information, October 2013
10
Second-screen revolution and holistic human-machine

experience
Social networks have become indispensable for both
business and society, bringing the world closer together.
Today, digital natives are beyond being always on; now
they tend to be on via several channels in parallel.
The latest technologies have been designed to enable
cross-usage, delivering integrated, and interactive
experiences. In public, we are surrounded by screens
providing information and enabling interactive
co-creation, since these screens are able to react to
our individual interests and condition to deliver exactly
the content we need. Electroluminescent films and other
new technologies make it possible to transform almost
every surface into a display.
Today, abstract concepts, ideas, and data become more
and more sensual and seamlessly integrated into the
physical world. Augmented reality allows more than
merely hands-free operation. Physical processes can
be visualized and simulated in a near-real-life virtual
environment allowing the actors to haptically experience
their role in the process and bring it to perfection before
implementing it in real life.
All data and information can be perceived with all senses,

embedded in the correct context of the situation. And
people involved in the operational process can respond
with all senses voice, gesture and even eye movement.
Physical processes and information flows no longer run
on parallel tracks but interact with and navigate each other
through the entire logistics lifecycle. This makes the world
of logistics more flexible, responsive, precise, and efficient.
Changes in the Logistics Trend Radar
CHANGES IN THE LOGISTICS TREND RADAR

As a living tool reflecting a vibrant, dynamically changing
world, the Logistics Trend Radar needs to be continuously
challenged and reviewed.
Throughout the year, the DHL Trend Research team has
continuously conducted trend scouting at mega-, macro- and
micro-level. The team has been cooperating with research
partners such as MIT and various Fraunhofer Institutes as
well as a wide range of global technology partners.
BUSINESS TRENDS
The DHL Innovation Center attracting over 10,000 visitors

per year served as an engagement platform for Trend Tours,
and provides the DHL Trend Research team with valuable
feedback from global customers and partners across industries on the latest trend developments. Through several
trend workshops with business units, customers and partners, the new DHL Logistics Trend Radar received its new
look! Below is a key summary of the changes with more
details to be found in the following in-depth chapters.
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
Anticipatory logistics: Empowered by big data

predictive algorithms, logistics providers can significantly
boost process efficiency and service quality by speeding up
delivery time and enhancing customer intimacy, as well as
optimizing capacity and network utilization.
Localization and location intelligence: These types of

intelligence offer critical insight to enterprises, enabling
better operational and strategic decision making. They also
support automatic process improvement and applications
automation.
De-stressing the supply chain: Complex supply

chains and vulnerable customer demands require
the right mix of transportation modes and services.
Tactical slow-downs of the entire supply chain or
parts of it on a day-by-day basis contribute to optimally
balancing the supply chain as well as reducing costs
in storage and warehousing.
Wearable technology: Beyond the hype, wearable

devices (together with responsive environments and
contextual apps) will in the long run significantly change
the ways we work and manage our lives. Therefore enterprises need to develop strategies for adoption of wearable
devices at an early stage.
Omni-channel logistics: The next generation of retail

concepts such as cross-, multi-, and omni-channel commerce, requires logistics networks tailored to the needs
of each single channel. This includes cost efficient,
high-quality services achieved through the intelligent
use of standard logistics networks and assets.
PHASE-OUTS
Logsumer is considered to be a topic impacting several
areas of the logistics business. In this edition of the Logistics Trend Radar, it has therefore been phased-out as a
singular trend. The effects of the consumer-driven culture
will be continuously tracked in the radar by specific trends
such as convenience logistics, shareconomy, crowd logistics,
and omni-channel logistics.
Crypto-currencies and crypto-payment: Started by an

underground community in the 1990s, crypto-currencies
and crypto-payment have evolved to become a significant
trend with strong potential as a serious alternative
to the established financial infrastructures of governments,
banks, and credit card companies.
Next-generation telematics, as indicated in the first

edition of the Logistics Trend Radar, has already reached
commodity status. The next stage of enhancement of
location- and localization-related innovation is being
followed up in the new trend localization and location
intelligence.
Quantum computing is now considered outside of scope,
as it is unlikely to be applied in the logistics industry within
the 5 to 10 year timescale of the Logistics Trend Radar.
11
12
At a glance: The Logistics Trend Radar
AT A GLANCE: THE LOGISTICS TREND RADAR
At a glance: The Logistics Trend Radar
13
14
Overview: Trends Summary
OVERVIEW: TRENDS SUMMARY

Logistics Trend Radar: Social & Business Trends
Social & Business Trend
Impact
Timeframe
Summary
B01
Supergrid Logistics
High
> 5 years
Supergrid logistics will bring up a new generation of logistics companies with primary
focus on the orchestration of global supply-chain networks that integrate swarms of
production enterprises and logistics providers.
B02
Real-Time Services
High
< 5 years
Real-time services enable flexible and efficient adaption to changing conditions and
ad-hoc optimization of supply chains by integrating real-time information into
intelligent and interactive analytics frameworks.
B03
Anticipatory Logistics
High
< 5 years
Powered by big data-based predictive algorithms, anticipatory logistics enables logistics

providers to significantly boost process efficiency and service quality by speeding up
delivery time and enhancing capacity and network utilization.
B04
Urban Logistics
High
< 5 years
Key issues in urban areas are environmental impact and traffic density. Combined
with the growing relevance of e-commerce and home delivery, this makes it essential
to have logistics solutions tailored to the specific requirements of urban areas.
B05
Logistics Marketplaces
High
< 5 years
In the context of globalization and increasingly digital lifestyles, logistics marketplaces create opportunities for new services that can overcome geographical and
functional segmentation, and significantly enhance cost efficiency and capacity
utilization.
B06
Omni-Channel Logistics
High
< 5 years
The next generation of retail, including cross-channel, omni-channel, social, ambient,

everywhere and no-line commerce concepts requires logistics networks tailored to the needs
of each single channel. This implies high-quality logistics services with minimum investment,
by just intelligently using standard logistics networks and assets.
B07
Crowd Logistics
Medium
< 5 years
Social networks and crowd-based concepts offer new business opportunities. By placing
greater emphasis on crowd sourcing and crowdfunding, logistics providers can speed up
innovation-to-market cycles and create a new sense of community with customers.
B08
Fair Logistics
Low
< 5 years
Logistics will lead the way into a fair and sustainable society by generating social
benefits and fostering the circular economy with its products and services. In future,
dealing thoughtfully with earths limited resources will go hand-in-hand with fair and
respectful human interaction, and sustainable investment in regional empowerment.
B09
Grey Power Logistics
Low
> 5 years
In five or more years time, the first wave of digital natives will enter the aged
population segment. Grey power logistics the logistics for an aging society will offer
new services to answer the resulting challenges of this demographic development.
B10
Convenience Logistics
Medium
< 5 years
Customers buying goods online appreciate not just price advantage but convenience.
It saves costs, time, and physical effort and provides 24/7 availability. Todays market
leaders offer food fresher than conventional supermarkets through continuous
cold-chain and direct delivery from the producers site via a standard parcel network.
B11
Multiple Purpose
Networks
Medium
< 5 years
Multiple Purpose Networks refers to the utilization of standard, existing networks to

transport and store temperature-sensitive, special, and dangerous goods, enabled by
innovative methods of transportation, smart packaging solutions, and real-time
supply chain monitoring.
B12
Shareconomy Logistics
Low
< 5 years
A new sharing culture leads to new logistics needs within the digitalized
neighborhood. Logistics infrastructure and service sharing with coopetitors open
new perspectives for logistics providers, and will create new forms of collaboration
across enterprises.
B13
Near- & X-Shoring
Medium
< 5 years
Following on from the offshoring wave of the last decade, changing economic and
social conditions will bring up new sourcing strategies such as near-shoring,
re-shoring/back-shoring, and even x-shoring.
B14
De-Stressing the
Supply Chain
Medium
< 5 years
Complexity of supply chains and vulnerable customer requirements require the right
mix of transportation modes and services. De-stressing means that the transportation
of a subset of goods may tolerate a tactical slow-down to optimally balance the
supply chain and reduce costs in storage and warehousing.
Overview: Trends Summary
Logistics Trend Radar: Technology Trends

Technology Trend
Impact
Relevance
Summary
T01
Big Data / Open Data
High
< 5 years
Big data carries huge untapped potential for optimizing capacity utilization, reducing
risk, improving customer experience, and creating new business models. Open external
data sources will add a new dimension to big data use cases.
T02
Cloud Logistics
High
< 5 years
Beyond the hype, the paradigm of cloud-based services is increasingly tangible for logistics.
Logistics-as-a-Service (LaaS), logistics mall, Supply Chain-as-a-Service (SCaaS), and on-demand
SCM are some of the future topics of logistics.
T03
Autonomous Logistics
High
> 5 years
Autonomous logistics utilizes innovations such as cellular transport systems, self-steering

vehicles, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that offer new transport and warehousing
solutions, enhancing the efficiency of established assets and providing infrastructure
alternatives in remote areas.
T04
3D Printing
High
> 5 years
3D Printing is a disruptive technology that will change tomorrows logistics by adding

a new diversity of manufacturing strategies. Innovative logistics providers can become
thought leaders in orchestrating complex networks that include traditional and 3D
manufacturers.
T05
Robotics & Automation
High
< 5 years
Robotics and automation technologies support zero-defect logistics processes and

enable new levels of productivity. The new generation of robots and automated
solutions with significantly improved performance and enhanced sensing capabilities
offers a serious alternative to manual handling.
T06
Internet of Things
High
< 5 years
The Internet of Things empowers smart objects to be active participants in selfsteering, event-driven logistics processes. Logistics is one of the major industries
which will benefit from the intelligent conjunction of information and material flows.
T07
Localization & Local

Intelligence
Medium
< 5 years
By integrating location and spatial information with traditional analytics data,

localization and location intelligence (LI) help to increase process efficiency,
and provide enterprises with powerful insights into asset utilization.
T08
Wearable Technology
Low
< 5 years
Beyond the hype, wearable devices (together with responsive environments and
contextual apps) will in the long run significantly change the ways we work and
manage our lives and will impact all industries. Enterprises need to develop a
strategy for adopting wearable devices at an early stage.
T09
Augmented Reality
Low
< 5 years
By adding virtual layers of contextual information at the right time and in the right
place, augmented reality will provide new perspectives in logistics planning, process
execution, and visual analytics.
T10
Low-cost Sensor
Technology
Medium
< 5 years
Established consumer sensor technologies enable new applications within the

logistics industry. With access to low-cost sensors, logistics is likely to increase
the use of sensors, creating smart infrastructures for monitoring, inspecting,
and controlling industrial and logistical processes.
T11
Crypto-currencies &
Crypto-payment
Medium
< 5 years
Started by an underground community of cyberpunks in the 1990s, crypto-currencies

and crypto-payment quickly evolved to become a significant technology trend with
strong potential as a serious alternative to the established financial infrastructures
of governments, banks, and credit card companies.
15
16
In-Depth: Social & Business Trends
IN-DEPTH: SOCIAL & BUSINESS TRENDS

B01 Supergrid Logistics
Topic
Supergrid logistics will bring up a new generation of
logistics companies with primary focus on the orchestration of global supply chain networks that integrate
swarms of production enterprises and logistics providers.
Global logistics supergrids will open up new business
opportunities for different logistics branches 4PL
providers, companies with special expertise in complex
or special services, and even small local logistics providers.
Benefits:
For the logistics provider
New business opportunities for global players to enhance
their networks and for small companies to participate in

the global market
Reduction of infrastructure and service development
costs, rapid time-to-value, scalability of services, elasticity
of infrastructure
For the providers customer
Description
Supergrid logistics rests upon a well-structured, modularly
configurable logistics service portfolio. Per service module,
internally operated or external services can be selected,
orchestrated, and executed on demand. Based on Logisticsas-a-Service (LaaS) methods, smart business networks can
be created and individual intermodal, multimodal, and
synchromodal solutions can be executed quickly and cost
efficiently. LaaS introduces a new generation of business
models affecting the entire logistics market.
Supergrid drives new market segmentation: The
logistics provider market will split into new actor categories

such as service specialists, users, configurators, orchestrators of complex logistics solutions, and service mall
owners. Logistics malls will establish a new degree of
market transparency and give small local companies access
to the global market. Global players will focus primary on
cross-border integration, premium services, and orchestration of regional and local service providers (cooperative
competition) to a global supergrid. The big players in the
logistics industry can secure cutting-edge positioning by
re-envisioning their strategy and business operating models,
based on the concept of service-oriented logistics (SOL).
Supergrid enables cost-efficient premium services:
Services with constantly growing complexity and high

development costs (such as risk management and security,
customs clearance, and compliance) will be developed by only
a few specialists. Premium e-services (e-billing, e-compliance,
e-clearance) will become the new differentiators.
Supergrid adds business value: Logistics services will be
sold not only to customers but also to service partners and

even competitors. Cooperation will impact infrastructure
development, support capacity, and resources utilization
(e.g., by sharing fleet) to secure corridors, reduce costs,
save energy, and be more sustainable. Cooperative
competition will drive economic growth by supporting
states investing in infrastructure (rail, bridges, and hubs).
M
ore flexibility, fast and cost-efficient configuration of
individual solutions and scenarios, and cost reduction

Concerns:
L
imited experience: There are currently only a few
cross-company supergrid pilots

P
ilots and use cases for LaaS or logistics mall-based
business models for global 4PL providers are still not
in place
S everal companies offer single, most standard,
cloud-based logistics services under the label LaaS
Project Logical
Interoperability enhancement of logistics

businesses of different sizes
Competitiveness improvement of central
European logistics hubs, based on a modern
logistics cloud infrastructure
Universal standard for cloud computing
in logistics
Fully operational transnational LOGICAL Cloud
B02 Real-Time Services

Topic
Real-time services enable flexible and efficient adaption
to changing conditions and ad-hoc optimization of supply
chains by integrating real-time information into intelligent
and interactive analytics frameworks. This offers enhanced
levels of visibility and transparency throughout the entire
supply chain, enables additional business capabilities,
increases operational efficiency, and boosts customer
intimacy.
Benefits:
Increases efficiency through faster processes and
real-time data
Enhances customer service, enables value-added services
Improves visibility, transparency, capabilities, and security
functions (e.g., asset control, theft reduction)
I nformation at any time about the location and
Description
Real-time services provide data in cycles timed to seconds
that can be received, analyzed, and integrated into
operational activities at any time and in any location.
Real-time tracking services: Independent of the location,
continuous data transfer of the shipment or smart package

solution provides information (track events) about
position, condition (e.g., temperature, humidity), and
integrity (e.g., electronic seal with flexible access
authorization). Up-to-date real-time tracking solutions are
fully integrated with personal or professional smart mobile
devices and apps as well as high-value supply chain
steering tools (e.g., Agheera real-time services, Bag2Go).
delivery status of goods

M
ore transparency, flexibility, and rapid configuration
of individual solution scenarios (e.g., flexible last-mile

delivery options)
Concerns:
H
igh data volume, velocity, and variety cannot be
handled properly by established solutions; therefore
big data adoption is necessary
A
vailable systems do not work across company
boundaries yet
High investments needed in end-to-end supply chains
Real-time order management: New generation mobile
order management apps allow their users to enter and

manage shipment orders in real time when on the move
(e.g., DHL Activebooking).
Pulse.Agheera.com
Real-time risk management: Real-time information
about changes in the condition or integrity of transported

goods enables immediate intervention if there are risks
such as temperature disruption (e.g., DHL Resilience360,
Agheera Pulse).
Real-time inventory services: These track the activities
and position of trucks, and have the potential to change

current routing solutions from preplanned milk runs to
flexible pickup and delivery locations (e.g., Agheera
TrackNow, DHL SmartTruck, TelematicOne).
Real-time tracing of intelligent logistics objects:
Complex solutions for controlling and operating complete

logistics systems, combining various technologies such as
video, 3D-scanning, RFID, and sensors (e.g., Fraunhofer
smaRTI, TiLO).
Power-independent sensors attached to cargo

containers providing temperature, location, and
humidity data in real time
Information portal connects customers to their
cargo and presents vital data about each
shipments journey
Highly interactive user interfaces, fleet info, and
tracking data appear as layers on top of a map
Additional information layers via Pulse
marketplace, individual fields and data streams,
and push-notifications
www.agheera.com
17
18
B03 Anticipatory Logistics

Topic
In the context of globalization and increasingly digital
lifestyles, logistics marketplaces create opportunities
for new services that can overcome geographical and
functional segmentation, and significantly enhance
cost efficiency and capacity utilization.
Benefits:
Increase in prediction accuracy

Efficient resource and capacity utilization (e.g., warehouse
and transportation)
Supply chain risk reduction through predictive risk
evaluation
Description
Today, predictive logistics planning and execution can
profit from new analytics methods as well as from new
types and sources of data. With more open data being
published, shared, and integrated with traditional and new
data sources into innovative big data-based analytics, the
highest impact can be realized in improving the efficiency
of freight operations, enhancing capacity and asset utilization, adjusting and synchronizing transport schedules in
the context of, for example, synchromodal or other smart
logistics networks, and reducing the risk of supply chain
disruption.
Volume forecast and predictive capacity utilization
F
aster delivery through efficient network planning
I ndividual, dynamically changeable delivery options
during the transit time of each shipment

Concerns:
P
rospective shipping is mostly applicable to massinterest products (e.g., new generations of mobile
devices, books by bestselling authors, etc.) and in
urban areas; key to the profitability of this approach
will be intelligent network design and steering in
the background
and planning: According to the World Economic Forum,
5060% of todays available transport capacity is wasted.

Big data-based predictive capacity utilization solutions
such as DHLs Parcel Volume Prediction or Transmetrics
algorithms aim to improve the prediction accuracy of
expected parcels and freight within the network by
correlating data from different sources and with different
degrees of privacy protection, e.g., companys internal
historic shipment data and external events, public holidays,
weather condition, Google search terms, and the shopping
behavior of online customers.
Transmetrics
Anticipatory shipping: Based on big data analysis of
customer product searches and shopping histories,

wish-lists, and even cursor activity, Amazon plans to
proactively initiate shipments before the customer even
places an order. The process includes the packaging of
one or more items for eventual shipment to a particular
address, without completely specifying the ultimate
destination until the package is already in transit. With a
completed order, the package can be delivered swiftly to
the ultimate destination; if the order is not completed, the
package can be re-directed to another location still within
the target transit time.
Predictive supply chain risk management: This com-
prises solutions that use big data algorithms to evaluate

different supply chain scenarios by anticipating potential
risks. They offer service providers the opportunity to
select the most appropriate scenario fitting specific
customer requirements and to avoid disruptions in
delivery and manufacturing processes.
Transmetrics brings big data prediction to

transport and logistics to improve capacity
optimization
Prediction of future shipping volumes
36 weeks ahead of time, based on cloud
predictive analytics, merging external
information with historical
shipping data from transport companies
Pilots with DHL and two other large
logistics companies
www.transmetrics.eu
B04 Urban Logistics

Topic
Key issues in urban areas are environmental impact
(especially pollution) and traffic density. Combined with
the growing relevance of e-commerce and home delivery,
this makes it essential to have logistics solutions tailored
to the specific requirements of urban areas.
Description
Over the last decade, the epicenter of the global economy
has continuously shifted towards emerging cities within
the developing world. In less than five years, more than
half of the worlds population will be living in urban areas.
At present, both traditional and emerging cities are facing
mass urbanization of unprecedented speed and scale.
The sustainable and climate-friendly supply circle of goods
and services, when weighed against customer demand for
consumer products and home-delivery services, will
influence the development of advanced urban logistics
solutions. Pollution avoidance for inner-city areas requires
anticipatory development and fast implementation of
fresh, sustainable, and holistic solutions across all of the
urban logistics and supply systems.
Urban freight consolidation: Consolidation through
logistics clusters or in Urban Consolidation Centers, with

aggregated streams to different consignees within a specific
area, e.g., a shopping mall, skyscraper, hospital, etc. There
are UCCs in Heathrow airport, Stockholm, Dubai, Kuala
Lumpur, and Istanbul.
Urban supply-stream consolidation by bundling logistics
Benefits:
New operational areas for logistics providers to offer 4PL
services; integrated logistics planning for airports,

hospitals, construction sites, etc., and innovative logistical
rent-and-share solutions, urban mining, and reverse
logistics
D
ecreased variability through adopting a planned
model
R
educed externalities associated with last-mile
deliveries
I mprovement of flexibility, speed, and quality of
logistic services
Concerns:
N
o funding to improve existing urban infrastructure
L
imited public sector financing to incentivize
innovation and new business practices
S takeholder complexity when engaging with city
authorities
L
ack of willingness to collaborate across the logistics
sector
N
ew operating models may dilute volumes on existing
networks
Binnenstadservice.nl
and non-logistics services (e.g., retail, MRO, medical care,

convenience services) into a smart grid for cities, optimizing supply and demand (e.g., Binnenstadservice.nl).
Utilization of urban infrastructure using existing
infrastructure for additional logistics purposes (e.g.,

overnight use of inner city parking garages as warehouses
and distribution centers, utilizing otherwise unused public
transport capacities). An example is eBase4mobility.
Sector-specific urban navigation solutions: These
sector-specific solutions handle urban business traffic

(e.g., Fraunhofers Urban Business Navigator).
Next-generation PUDOs (pickup and drop-off
automation solutions) offer advanced functionality

(e.g., refrigerated pickup lockers and DIADISCOUNT
App, DIA supermarkets, France; DHL Paketbox,
MyByBox, UK).
Urban Consolidation Centers in 15 cities in

the Netherlands bundling delivery, distribution,
and reverse logistics services for shops located
in city centers
More attractive inner city, reduced emissions,
increased company profitability, increased
efficiency and productivity of logistics processes
www.binnenstadservice.nl
19
20
B05 Logistics Marketplaces

Topic
In the context of globalization and increasingly digital
lifestyles, logistics marketplaces create opportunities
for new services that can overcome geographical and
functional segmentation, and significantly enhance cost
efficiency and capacity utilization.
Benefits:
Access to a broader customer base

Flexible sourcing of externally operated services instead
of long-term partnerships and dependencies

Optimized capacity utilization, acquisition of additional
capacity, reduction of empty rides

Description
Electronic logistics marketplaces (ELM) offer business
partners, as well as private customers, flexible logistics
services tailored to the specific one-off requirements of
a shipper at time of request.
Marketplaces for cloud-based IT services enabling
logistics processes are electronic platforms offering,
renting, and operating logistics IT applications, services,

and processes in the cloud (e.g., Logistics Mall).
B2B logistics marketplaces: These offer business
customers the opportunity to find the right carrier for

their load at the right time by choosing from a wide
range of service providers; they profit from better
comparability and transparency of proposals, optimized
price/performance ratios, and high security through
member certification and rating systems. For logistics
providers, an ELM offers the chance to reduce empty
running, find fast and efficient additional cargo capacity,
reach wider sources of logistics demand, and collaborate
smoothly with other logistics companies (e.g., Check.cargo.
com, Teleroute.com, Opersoft.com, Movex.co.uk).
Access to flexible logistics services

More price and service transparency
Concerns:
G
uaranteed quality of services only on platforms with
member certification
C
ustomer decisions often rely on customer feedback
and rating systems
F
raud and theft risk
Logistics Mall
M2C (manufacturer-to-consumers) and B2C logistics

marketplaces: These are being established to serve
growing customer demand for cheap, reliable,

company-independent courier and transportation
services. Consumers can compare quotes and book
upfront, and name their own price or receive auctionstyle bids from logistics providers ranging from
independent owner-operators to the largest freight
carriers and brokers (e.g., Klickcouriers.com, Uship.com,
Shareload.com, Shiply.com, Chakkr.com, Parcelbroker.co.
uk, AnyVan.de).
C2C marketplaces for transportation services (e.g.,
car sharing for parcels and cargo). These result from the
new culture of sharing; they are becoming an increasingly
serious and attractive alternative to standard logistics
networks and providers (e.g., Carpoolcargo.com,
Raumobil.de, NochPlatz.de, Monsterzeug.de).
The first worldwide independent SaaS

(Software-as-a-Service) cloud platform
for logistics
Virtual marketplace offering networked
IT systems and services enabling logistics
functions from the cloud
Standardized business object model
for logistics
www.logistics-mall.com
B06 Omni-Channel Logistics

Topic
The next generation of retail, including cross-channel, omnichannel, social, ambient, everywhere and no-line commerce
concepts requires logistics networks tailored to the requirements of each single channel. This implies high-quality
logistics services with minimum investment, by just
intelligently using standard logistics networks and assets.
Benefits:
Further increasing volumes in the area of B2C delivery

New business opportunities in warehousing, fulfillment,
and transportation services tailored to the needs of

omni-channel commerce
Description
In future, e-commerce and traditional brick-and-mortar
commerce will no longer move on parallel tracks. Even
today, traditional traders tend to operate an e-shop in
parallel to their physical store, and use one or more
e-commerce platforms such as eBay, MeinPaket.de, or
Amazon Marketplace to access national and even international markets. The next evolutionary step within the
retail business is blending online and offline into a single
24/7 shopping experience.
All-round experience, combining the best parts of
online and offline shopping

Flexibility and convenience, with shopping and
delivery services fully integrated into daily routines
Concerns:
A
lthough still in early stages of adoption, there is a
high diversity of concepts targeted at integrating
online and offline commerce; there are distinct
requirements for enabling logistics services
Digitalization of traditional stores will include tablet/
smartphone integration, individual discount offerings,

and even Facebook likes displayed on physical items
(e.g., Burberrys flagship store in the UK; C&A, Brazil).
Hointer
Store as a materialized app will provide a completely
app-driven shopping experience within a pure digitalized

store (e.g., Hointer, US).
Customer behavior as a currency includes runners
in Mexico paying for Nike goods with kilometers

completed.
More home delivery directly to the end-consumer
(manufacturer-to-customer, retail-to-customer,
customer-to-customer) and less manufacturer-toretail transports.
More alternative delivery services (parcel
lockers, crowd delivery, urban courier services,

dynamic re-routing).
More same-day delivery with intelligent storage
and warehouse network enhancements in the

background.
Retail platforms and marketplaces enabling
omni-channel commerce include payment solutions

and end-to-end configurable logistics services (pickup,
warehousing, fulfillment, delivery, and after-buy services).
Interactive eTags with personalized content

Relevant social media delivered to customers
when exploring the product
Omnicart-enabled mobile shopping in the physical
store, home, or on-the-go
Big data-based analytics for sales associates
Micro-warehouses, same-day delivery via Google
Express Shopping and eBay Now, order pick-up
stations, direct store2customer shipping
www.hointer.com
21
22
B07 Crowd Logistics

Topic
Social networks and crowd-based concepts offer new
business opportunities. By placing greater emphasis on
crowd sourcing and crowdfunding, logistics providers
can speed up innovation-to-market cycles and create a
new sense of community with customers.
Description
Crowd-based business strategies such as crowdsourcing
first-and-last-mile activities by integrating daily individual
routines into professional logistics processes, offer
new opportunities for logistics providers. In this area,
established operators have to cope with a rapidly changing
and expanding start-up-driven competitive landscape,
and must develop innovative collaboration strategies,
integrating professional and non-professional services,
sources, and capabilities.
Benefits:
Network enhancement, better capacity utilization,
reduction of transportation costs

New business opportunities by providing crowd-based
logistics solutions; an example is C2C-driven last-mile
delivery
New level of customer participation

Reduction of transportation costs
Flexible service options for deliveries
Concerns:
L
egal/compliance restrictions for customer
contribution to pickup and delivery processes
Crowdsourcing: Currently, almost 60% of the available
transport capacity (rail, road, private cars) is not being

used. By involving customers in the pickup and delivery
process, not just transportation costs can be significantly
reduced. Consolidation of transport volumes per route
also makes a significant contribution to CO2 reduction.
DHL MyWays
Crowdfunding: The collective funding of individual,
innovative products speeds up product lifecycles in an

unprecedented way. It is one of the most trailblazing shifts
in business today, creating new opportunities for both
individuals and established market players. Logistics
providers have already discovered the crowdfunding
community as an attractive new market and offer services
tailored to its specific requirements, such as fulfillment
outsourcing.
Crowdnavigation: Networks like Twitter used by
employees provide real-time information and often allow

a quicker reaction to, say, road incidents, traffic jams, and
other significant events than traditional navigation and
telematics solutions.
C
rowdmining and web-screening: In the age of
WEB 3.0 the web of data and context an indispensable

part of each companys business is to monitor its corporate
brand image and the images of its products and services
in social networks. Tweets deliver real-time feedback
about the impact and acceptance of new products, public
perception of special offers and discounts, and detection
of defects and incidents. Through all this, customers are
increasingly becoming part of the logistics process and
its continuous enhancement.
Unique crowd-based delivery for B2C parcels

Based on a mobile app
Connecting individuals who ask for flexible
deliveries with those offering to transport parcels
along their daily routes for a small fee
Facilitated through the DHL Freight network of
service points in Stockholm
www.myways.com
B08 Fair Logistics

Topic
Logistics will lead the way into a fair and sustainable
society by generating social benefits and fostering the
circular economy with its products and services. In future,
dealing thoughtfully with earths limited resources will go
hand-in-hand with fair and respectful human interaction,
and sustainable investment in regional empowerment.
Benefits:
Become a specialist service provider for circular economy
business (e.g., reuse/recycle)

Improve business sustainability by solving social problems
(e.g., logistics service with revenue instead of donation)
Description
As a responsible member of the global society, logistics
is challenged to proactively address social and environmental issues, and to develop concepts and solutions
providing social benefit, creating value, and generating
social win-win outcomes for all parties involved along
the supply chain. For example:
Encourage fair society: Logistics must foster the global
establishment of a fair society (e.g., the establishment

of fair products as a standard part of retail portfolios,
fair-trade promotion, and the empowerment of underdeveloped regions and social groups).
Support in achieving a fair lifestyle

T
ransparency about the social/fair footprint of
logistics providers
Concerns:
S tandards and classifications about fair logistics are
not yet in place
S ocial benefits vary geographically
DHL Envirosolutions
Establish collaborative business models by involving
private individuals from around the globe, expanding

the logistics supergrid via crowdsourcing, and giving
participants a fair chance to benefit from their contribution
by developing collaborative business models, particularly
in areas with underdeveloped logistics infrastructures.
Empower local logistics and manufacturing companies
all over the world by providing access to global markets

via, say, logistics marketplaces and M2C (manufacturerto-consumer) networks; and by enabling open logistics
networks with the opportunity of fair collaboration for all
participants, independent of company size and location.
Promote fair end-to-end logistics chains: Take over
responsibility for fair conditions and social benefit along

the entire supply chain (e.g., fair working conditions, fair
pricing, environmentally friendly transportation and
production).
Enable the circular economy: By understanding the
economy as a circle, we are increasingly able to replace

common end-of-life concepts. This represents a real
economic opportunity in times of resource scarcity and
environmental pollution. Logistics can enable the
turnaround to a more sustainable economy by offering
solutions for circular materials management, closed-loop
SCM, and circular logistics concepts for big cities,
and by enhancing logistics supergrid capabilities with,
for example, multiple-purpose networks.
Integrated environmental solutions for business

customers
Waste and recycling solutions, WEEE (waste
electrical and electronic equipment) recycling
services, packaging, WEEE and battery compliance,
producer compliance schemes, sustainable
business solutions, data management services,
legislation information
www.dhl.co.uk/envirosolutions
23
24
B09 Grey Power Logistics

Topic
In five or more years time, the first wave of digital natives
will enter the aged population segment. Grey power
logistics the logistics for an aging society will offer
new services to answer the resulting challenges of this
demographic development (e.g., special home delivery
services and health logistics services).
Description
By 2015, the percentage of seniors (60+) in industrial
societies will increase from 15% to 26%. The population
aged over 65 in India and China will rise from 160 million
in 2010 to 280 million by 2020. By 2100, there will be
1 billion in these two countries alone. Self-supporting
aging concepts that allow people to gain control over
their lives and spend their retirement time at home
(aging in place and active aging) are becoming more
and more popular. Smart home, remote health, and
social care technologies, along with 3D solutions and
peer-to-peer (P2P) networking for social togetherness
will have diverse implications for the logistics industry.
Benefits:
Potential new business opportunities, e.g., transportation
of elderly, sick, and disabled people, proactive supply of

convenience and health goods based on interaction with
wearable devices and smart home infrastructure
Further expansion of e-commerce with special focus on
aged customers leads to increased transport volumes and
individual delivery schedules adapted to the daily routines
or ad-hoc needs of customers
More products and services meeting the specific
requirements of the aged population: greater autonomy,

security, flexibility, mobility, welfare, and better
integration into social life
Concerns:
D
ue to demographic changes, logistics providers
will have to cope with shortages of personnel in
logistics operations
Emergency & welfare services: The aging population
needs both emergency healthcare and well-being services

delivered in clinics, hospitals, and surgeries, and at home.
These services must be significantly enhanced around the
globe. Demand will increase (and include broader product
lines) for new or adapted services (e.g., in home safety and
care, smart homes), personal activity and healthcare (realtime fitness monitoring, proactive emergency assistance
and medicine supply), mobility and transportation (trip
planning, driving, routing, navigation) as well as home
delivery.
Sensor-based Health Services
Grey power workers: Working beyond the age of
67 will require logistics organizations to offer flexible

HR conditions to employees (self-employment, home and
flexible office hours, part-time employment, etc.).
Silver surfers: The percentage of web users aged 60+
increased from 0.2% in 1997 to 39.2% in 2012; todays

e-commerce digital natives will become the next
generation of seniors.
Research project of Connected Technologies

Research Campus
Home and mobile services using sensors in
the environment and near the body
Aims: maintain health and support
independent living
www.connected-living.org
Sub-project: Sensor-based health services
B10 Convenience Logistics

Topic
Customers buying goods online appreciate not just price
advantage but convenience. It saves costs, time, and
physical effort and provides 24/7 availability. Todays
market leaders offer food fresher than conventional
supermarkets through continuous cold-chain and
direct delivery from the producers site via a standard
parcel network.
Benefits:
Description
Convenience logistics is the response to the specific
requirements of next-generation e-commerce, covering
the entire spectrum of commodity goods including
sensitive and cold-chain products. Demand is constantly
growing, especially for home delivery of fresh and frozen
food through standard networks. This requires the
development and implementation of special processes
and packaging (from -18C to room temperature).
Cold-chain network enhancement: Sensitive goods
(medicines, food, high-tech) need a constantly secure and

monitored cold chain. Chilled items as well as ambient
ones must be delivered at customer-preferred times with
a minimum of packaging, ready to be stored away.
Innovative, reusable cool packaging solutions enable an
end-to-end cold chain while using standard parcel network
utilities (e.g. Allyouneed.com).
New business opportunities in the field of B2C food
logistics
Lower food distribution costs, due to using standard
networks
Need to develop flexible solutions to connect with
customers (B2C)
Home delivery of convenience goods

Savings in terms of costs, time, and physical effort
M
inimized shopping inconvenience (e.g., improved
recall solutions)
Concerns:
C
onvenience logistics is most successful when using
the capabilities and capacity of standard parcel networks; this will be an issue for traditional supermarket
chains trying to compete with the new players in this
sector
Allyouneed.com
Standard network enhancement: Solutions integrating
real-time prediction with standard time schedules enable

dynamic and cost-efficient delivery integrated into
standard logistics networks. For the special requirements
of home food supply, additional delivery slots (e.g., late
evening or weekend delivery) and individually selectable
delivery slots and places will be adopted (e.g., via platforms
like Paket.de).
Pickup and delivery enhancement: Established auto-
mated pickup-and-delivery solutions can be enhanced to

enable cold-chain services independent of the customers
presence at the delivery location (e.g., cold-chain parcel
lockers).
Packaging innovation: Smart, reusable, and recyclable
packaging, tailored to standard parcel network capabilities,

is required to enhance efficiency, reduce customer effort,
and support environmental protection. Today, pioneers
like Allyouneed.com already offer a tax-free package
recollection, including pre-printed package return labels
delivered with the goods.
Direct overnight delivery from the biggest single

picking food logistics hub in Germany
Flexible, individually selectable delivery time slots;
dynamic re-routing of shipments on the move
Fresher goods at the point of delivery than
conventional supermarkets through end-to-end
cold chain and cooling package solutions adapted
to standard parcel network utilities
Closed loop packaging concept; GoGreen delivery
www.allyouneed.com
25
26
B11 Multiple Purpose Networks

Topic
Multiple Purpose Networks refers to the utilization
of standard, existing networks to transport and store
temperature sensitive, special, and dangerous goods.
This is enabled by innovative methods of transportation,
smart packaging solutions, and real-time supply-chain
monitoring.
Benefits:
Description
Traditionally, various logistics networks have coexisted,
each serving different industries and sectors (e.g., public
sector, retail, health) with different categories of goods
(e.g., food, medicines, chemicals). They also coexist with
standard logistics networks (CEP networks, as well as rail,
road, air, and ocean logistics networks). By using standard
networks for the transportation of special goods, network
and capacity utilization can be optimized, and costs and
delivery times for both customers and logistics providers
can be reduced. Alternative, existing non-logistics networks (e.g., public transport) can be utilized for logistics
purposes or integrated with the logistics infrastructure.
Multi-purpose usage of standard networks with

enhanced capabilities: Goods requiring special transport
and warehousing conditions (e.g., temperature control),

dangerous goods, and high-value goods all require special
network capabilities with individual cost- and timeintensive solutions. In future, standard network providers
will enhance their capabilities to enable temperaturesensitive transport and handling services (e.g., for B2C
food-chain deliveries). These capabilities can be re-used
for multiple purposes (e.g., for the transportation of
special goods). Standard logistics providers opening their
networks for multi-purpose usage will have to include
reliable identification and authentication services, and
obtain special certificates (e.g., cold-chain food delivery
via a standard parcel network, as offered by, for example,
Allyouneed.com and MyTime.de).
Use of public transportation and infrastructure for
logistics purposes: Public transportation networks offer
significant opportunity to optimize the pickup and delivery procedure in urban areas (e.g., by establishing an
integrated network of bus and parcel lockers, using
multipurpose vehicles or taxis with integrated parcel
loading space, or using metro tunnels for shipping goods
during the night and at off-peak times, as presented at the
DHL innovation contest for city logistics). Other public
spaces such as parking garages in cities can be used
during the night as warehouse, storage, and
distribution centers (e.g., eBase4Mobility).
Optimized load capacity for standard network trucks with
enhanced capabilities (e.g., temperature control utilities)

for special and dangerous goods
Cost savings due to better resource efficiency and capacity
utilization
B
uying logistics services with constant quality,
independent from the logistics provider and from

sector- and industry-specific cost- and time-intensive
solutions
Concerns:
Th
ere is still a gap between special goods requirements
and network standards
L
ow volume of special or dangerous goods versus
high initial investment for capability enhancement
DHL Thermobox
Innovative insulating box for the transportation

of cold-chain products (07C) via standard
parcel networks
Insulating efficiency of polystyrene, and as
practical as cardboard boxes
Flat delivery and storage, saving 80% storage
space compared to polystyrene boxes
Non-flammable, water-resistant, and recyclable
www.dhl.com
B12 Shareconomy Logistics

Topic
A new sharing culture leads to new logistics needs within
the digitalized neighborhood. Logistics infrastructure and
service sharing with coopetitors open new perspectives
for logistics providers, and will create new forms of
collaboration across enterprises.
Description
The web and its open-source culture has expanded the
circle of people with whom each of us can share; it has
taught us how to share, and made sharing a commodity
of social interaction. The increasing utilization of social
media, transforming the internet into a place for collaborative action, will impact business models in all industries.
Shareconomy describes the societal shift from owning to
sharing in the offline world, enabled by online technology.
Collaborative consumption: Todays digital neighbor-
hood brings people closer together and facilitates collaborative virtual communities. Sharing and swapping in
peer-to-peer models saves costs and time, preserves the
environment, and allows people access to products and
services which are expensive to own or are being used
infrequently. Logistics providers are requested to support
this trend with high-quality C2C services, including
value-added services such as secure peer-to-peer online
and offline payment solutions.
Collaborative business: By sharing development,
investments, logistics infrastructure (warehouses, fleet,

networks, etc.), and services with coopetitors within
flexible and smart business networks, logistics providers
can increase capacity utilization, and reduce costs and CO2.
Open logistics networks and marketplaces involving small
enterprises (e.g., ad-hoc cooperation) foster local and
regional empowerment. Collaboration between logistics
providers and public sector institutions (e.g., to integrate
transportation of people and goods, logistics pooling, or
shared usage of public space) offers benefits such as sharing
investment and maintenance costs. Co-working business
models involving established logistics enterprises and
start-ups in creative factories will speed up innovation and
shorten development and implementation lifecycles.
Benefits:
Flexibility, agility, elasticity, better capacity and capabilities
utilization, on-demand logistics infrastructure, one-off

cooperation
New hybrid business models, listing excess capacity (truck
load, warehouse capacity, and equipment, etc.) on
peer-to-peer rental sites or shareconomy courier platforms
Operational costs optimization, environmental protection,
CO2 reduction
More comfort and convenience through access to a
broader range of high-value products, services, and

infrastructure
Concerns:
Regulatory uncertainty (e.g., taxes for peer-to-peer
services); rules need to be updated to protect
consumers; possibly unclear liability and uncertain
quality standards within open business networks
Competition between incumbents and peer-to-peer
providers (e.g., hotels vs. home swappers, official vs.
peer-to-peer taxi services)
Shareconomy Courier Platforms
Web platforms connecting people needing items

to be delivered with drivers and couriers going
there anyway
Open to individuals as well as to professional
service providers (couriers, freight operators, taxi
drivers) to act as a carrier
High security and quality standards through carrier
rating, selectable business only restrictions, driver
license number registration and CRB check
www.Stuff2Send.com
www.CheckRobin.com
www.CarPoolCargo.com
27
28
B13 Near- and X-Shoring

Topic
Following on from the offshoring wave of the last decade,
changing economic and social conditions will bring up
new sourcing strategies such as near-shoring, re-shoring/
back-shoring, and even x-shoring.
Benefits:
Description
Rising wages and fuel costs, as well as increasing supply
chain risks, drive many globally operating enterprises to
re-envision their sourcing strategies. As an alternative to
the offshoring praxis, near-shoring moves core business
and enabling services closer together (e.g., to neighboring
countries). The concept of X-shoring provides holistic
methods to dynamically rebalance logistics networks,
meeting a broad range of decision criteria.
Lower freight and in-transit inventory costs

Greater forecasting flexibility
Supply chain risk reduction
I mproved speed-to-market
T
ime-zone advantages
I mproved cultural alignment
Concerns:
Adaptability of network
Modular approach for infrastructure set-up
Need for highly flexible, skilled workforce
Near-shoring: In recent years, the economic conditions
in classic outsourcing countries (e.g., Asia) changed

significantly. Together with the growing complexity of
globally fragmented supply chains, this is forcing global
enterprises to reconsider the location of services and
manufacturing facilities. A typical development is the
closer collaboration between US and Mexican companies.
Sourcing from surrounding countries lowers logistics costs,
offering multimodal services (flexibility to choose air, road,
rail, and even LTL shipments); shorter delivery cycles
enable more effective inventory control; and due to shorter
distances, costly warehouses and fulfillment centers can
be avoided.
X-shoring or Right shoring is the next evolutionary step
in 3PL, implying the dynamic rebalancing of supply chains.

The approach gives companies the choice of the most
appropriate sourcing strategy with respect to current
economic conditions (in some cases, it might be
offshoring, in others near-shoring). X-shoring decisions
are driven by a broad range of criteria including risk,
quality- and service-related costs, impact on innovation
and customer goodwill, time-zone and currency
advantages, transit and transport times, intellectual
property protection, natural disasters, political risks, trade
regulations and compliance, legislative environment, and
environmental sustainability.
DHL Supply Chain: Right Shoring
Supports manufacturer searching for the right

balance between offshoring, near-shoring,
and back-shoring
Reduction of supply chain disruption,
transportation cost savings, lower inventories,
reduced lead time, better customer service, faster
recovery time, more sustainability
Favorable for industries with high design
complexity, intellectual property requiring close
protection, capital intensity, large size/ weight,
proximity of raw materials
B14 De-Stressing the Supply Chain

Topic
Complexity of supply chains and vulnerable customer
requirements necessitate the right mix of transportation
modes and services. De-stressing means that the transportation of a subset of goods may tolerate a tactical
slow-down to optimally balance the supply chain and
reduce costs in storage and warehousing.
Benefits:
Efficient capacity utilization across transportation modes
and velocity levels

Optimized cost and quality of operations balance
Tactical and operational flexibility
Description
Adjusting supply chain modules and selecting the right
configuration of logistics services according to specific
customer requirements in terms of speed, security, carbon
footprint, etc., enable logistics to operate more sustainably,
at lower cost, and with higher quality. To make de-stressing
a significant part of the logistics providers strategy and a
real asset for shippers, effective IT must be in place to
handle synchromodal transportation, to facilitate
collaboration even between competing logistics service
providers, and to provide 360-degree supply chain
visibility at individual shipment level. Predictive analytics
enable ad-hoc adjustments in real time according to
critical events such as strikes, weather conditions, or
accidents. The following strategies and tools can contribute
to more de-stressed supply chains:
T
ailored transportation and supply chain solutions
serving different priorities (e.g., speed, timeliness,

cost, environmental impact)
L
ogistics costs and operational quality optimization
through better orchestration of transportation, storage,
and warehousing times and schedules
Concerns:
Capabilities for ad-hoc re-orchestration of
synchromodal supply chains are still in early stages
of development and adoption
European Gateway Services
Slow Steaming: Within the sea freight business, already
a small speed reduction shows significant impact on fuel

costs and the carbon footprint.
Synchromodality: Logistics method allowing dynamic
interchangeability of transport modes at any point of the

supply chain and at any given time during
its execution. This means turning away from pre-defined
routes and schedules, and the possibility for logistics
service providers to mix road, rail, air, and ocean to create
an individual one-off solution that is both more efficient
and more environmentally friendly.
Supply chain risk management: Holistic supply chain
risk management solutions like DHLs Resilience360

contribute to de-stressing logistics operations by
aggregating and evaluating data safeguards to reduce
risk, enhance flexibility, and improve the efficiency of
supply chains.
High-frequency rail and barge connections

between Rotterdam and a rapidly expanding
network of inland terminals in the European
hinterland
Synchromodal organization and best combination
of transport modes for each trip (rail, barge, feeder,
truck); if necessary (due to speed requirements or
obstructions en route, for example), modes of
transport can be switched immediately
www.europeangatewayservices.com
29
30
In-Depth: Technology Trends
IN-DEPTH: TECHNOLOGY TRENDS

T01 Big Data / Open Data
Topic
Big data carries huge untapped potential for optimizing
capacity utilization, reducing risk, improving customer
experience, and creating new business models. Open
external data sources will add a new dimension to big
data use cases.
Benefits:
Description
Big data and logistics are a perfect match. Thanks to the
vast degree of digitalization, the enterprises data can
become liquid and shareable in an unprecedented way.
Integrated supply chain data streams from multiple
logistics providers and open data sources have the
potential to overcome logistics market fragmentation
and empower global logistics supergrids.
Today, not only structured data but also additional data

types such as unstructured (social, channel-specific, etc.),
sensor (RFID), and new data types (GPS, voice, video,
images) are becoming increasingly important. Volume,
velocity, and variety (the 3Vs that define big data) build the
foundation for a 4th important V value. In this respect,
capitalizing on the value of information is a new strategic
asset for enterprises and organizations. From the value
perspective, applying big data can contribute to the
following dimensions:
Enhance operational efficiency, visibility, and control
over supply chains, assets, and staffing

Enable better forecast and real-time adjustment, reacting
to demand and capacity fluctuations
M
ore reliable, customized, personalized logistics
services
Greater transparency, control, information, participation
Concerns:
B
usiness and IT alignment needed as the foundation
for use case implementation

D
ata transparency and governance
D
ata quality, clearly defined data protection and
privacy rules, data science skills, and appropriate

usage of data and information technologies
DHL Resilience360
Operational efficiency: Using big data can increase
transparency, optimize resource utilization, improve

process quality and performance, and enable anticipatory
logistics. Examples include last-mile optimization with
real-time scheduling of assignments for crowd-based
pick-up and delivery and real-time prediction of ETA
(estimated time of arrival); and predictive network and
capacity planning at both strategic and operational level.
Customer experience: Big data usage provides an
integrated view of customer interactions and operational

performance, can increase customer loyalty and retention,
and can enable precise customer segmentation and
targeting, and optimize customer interaction and service.
Supply chain risk management: Predictive analytics on
a global scale can enable risk evaluation and resilience

improvement for complete supply chains.
New business models: Use big data to expand revenue
streams of existing products and create new data-based

products (e.g., market intelligence, real-time local
intelligence, environmental intelligence).
Resilience360 Risk Assessment: Transparency on

exposure and vulnerability in over 20 risk categories,
resiliency rating, risk hotspots, costs and benefits
of mitigations, and alternatives; review and
execution based on predefined business
continuity plans
Resilience360 Incident Monitoring: Real-time
tracking of incidents with supply chain relevance,
notification alerts with site feedback loops, planning
and booking of emergency shipments and capacity
www.dhl.com/Resilience
T02 Cloud Logistics

Topic
Beyond the hype, the paradigm of cloud-based services
is increasingly tangible for logistics. Logistics-as-a-service
(LaaS), logistics mall, Supply Chain-as-a-Service (SCaaS),
and on-demand SCM belong to the Future Topics of
Logistics, according to the Scientific Advisory Board
of the BVL.
Description
Cloud computing meets the challenges of complex,
distributed, uncertain, volatile, and less-predictable
logistics environments.
Open cloud logistics platforms: More and more
companies offer open, web-based access to a complete

range of modular, flexibly configurable logistics-ondemand services. In particular, small and medium-sized
businesses benefit from instant access to unified operations
management from a global logistics network. Pay-per-use
models allow flexible reaction to market volatility. Service
integration with new, emerging sales channels like social,
community, crowdfunding and flash-sales offer
unprecedented potential to expand distribution
partnerships on a global level.
Cloud IT services: Cloud computing enables the provision
of scalable service levels (e.g., fixed or flexible delivery

times) without additional resources. Services can be
integrated into customized logistics solutions or removed
dynamically with respect to changing volume requirements or to requested additional capabilities (e.g.,
compliance).
Benefits:
Reduction of the total cost of services (including costs for
installations, upgrades, maintenance fees, IT resources)

Agility, flexibility, and elasticity of business; quick and
cost-efficient reaction to less-predictable events and
changing customer requirements
Risk reduction, globally accessible services, easy and
fast implementation
C
ustomized, personalized logistics services become
affordable and more of a commodity

M
ore transparency, control, information, participation
Concerns:
Several cross-company projects on cloud logistics
service marketplaces in Europe with mostly
transnational or regional scope
N
o clear evaluation of cloud logistics use cases
and business models for different types of logistics
providers
Shipwire Enterprise Logistics Platform
Cloud-based subject-oriented BPM: Logistics
services rely on globally seamlessly synchronized

processes. Process cloud-based concepts such as subjectoriented BPM (S-BPM) provide new methods to cope
with the complexity of globally distributed, federated
logistics networks and enterprises. S-BPM pioneers like
METASONIC offer a new cloud-based method of
business process modeling and management that allows
both bottom-up process integration within federated
environments and stepwise top-down standardization
supported by a cloud-based reference process model
containing immediately executable processes.
Worlds leading multichannel fulfilment platform

providing Enterprise logistics for everyone
Free cloud-based order management software
Dynamically adjustable conditions depending
on handling and shipping volumes, no long
term tie-ups, flexible month-to-month pricing
Omni-channel logistics integrated with new
emerging sales channels like social, community,
flash sales
www.shipwire.com
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32
T03 Autonomous Logistics

Topic
This utilizes innovations such as cellular transport systems,
self-steering vehicles, and unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs) that offer new transport and warehousing
solutions, enhancing the efficiency of established assets
and providing infrastructure alternatives in remote areas.
Description
Autonomous devices can be found along the entire supply
chain: From warehouse of the future to driverless vehicles
and unmanned aerial vehicles for last-mile delivery. In the
coming years, autonomous devices will reach maturity and
become reality in logistics and everyday life.
Warehouse of the future: In future, warehouses will
transform into fully automated environments. Traditional

push-driven multiple-layer distribution will be replaced by
consumer-driven pull for goods directly from a central
warehouse. This means more single cases and individual
picks will have to be handled. Real-time warehouse control
systems (RTWCS) will steer the continuous interaction
between warehouse and web. Fully automated warehouses
will be equipped with cellular systems using swarm
intelligence and sensor-guided robots moving on
horizontal and vertical tracks. Autonomous units will
enable fast execution of tasks and secure interaction
with people and things.
Benefits:
Reduction of traffic, risks, accidents, congestion and
pollution
Increased reliability and elimination of human error
Increased operational productivity
Logistics network expansion and enhancement
I ncreased service availability and flexibility

R
educed transport costs and time
Concerns:
Potential risk from hackers and software bugs
Legal restrictions
Cultural differences/reluctance of some social groups
DHL Parcelcopter
Cognitive vehicles: Following on from the first wave
of pilot projects such as Googles self-driving car,

an increasingly hot topic in the automotive industry is
self-steering vehicles capable of acting and reacting proactively on behalf of the operator. Autonomous vehicles
equipped with radar, GPS, DGPS (Differentiated Global
Positioning System), RTK (Real-time Kinematic), and
ultrasonic sensors can not only steer themselves but also
enable dynamic real-time routing depending on traffic
and events by creating ad-hoc networks.
Autonomous logistics in the air: In 2013, the first
demonstrations of UAV application pilots in logistics went

public. Today, UAV pilots and research projects are on the
agenda of all big players in the CEP (Courier Express
Parcel) sector. Rather than being an alternative for standard
delivery methods, UAVs can be used, for example, for
urgent deliveries into areas that are geographically difficult
to access. Unmanned aerial delivery is a reasonable option
in places with major environmental issues and where
e-commerce is growing faster than infrastructure.
Research & innovation project prototype

Potential application areas: Urgent and
emergency deliveries, especially in remote
regions with fragmented logistics
infrastructure, or to places affected by
natural disasters
www.dhl.com
T04 3D Printing
Topic
This disruptive technology will change tomorrows
logistics by adding a new diversity of manufacturing
strategies. Innovative logistics providers can become
thought leaders in orchestrating complex networks that
include traditional and 3D manufacturers.
Description
3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) is a process
of making three-dimensional solid objects from a digital
model. After the first wave of pilots enabling the fabrication of simple plastic prototypes, the current generation
of 3D printers can handle a much broader range of
materials (from titanium up to food and stem cells),
manufacture fully functional tools (such as complex
mechanisms, batteries, transistors, and LEDs), and enable
manufacturing of larger-sized products, with higher
precision and finer resolution while wasting less material.
According to the McKinsey Global Institute, the economic
impact of 3D printing is likely to grow significantly, up to
$550 billion per year by 2025.
3D impact on logistics networks: 3D printing will lead
to a new diversity of manufacturing strategies: Some

industries will be able to completely replace traditional
fabrication by additive methods; some will use 3D for
selected ingredients of their end products; some will not
be able to gain any profit from the new technology.
This diversification, as well as the integration between
traditional methods and 3D printing, will challenge
established logistics networks. Especially aftermarket
supply chains (e.g., warehousing and distribution of spare
parts) will be transformed by the possibility to fabricate
in small factories with on-site 3D printing capabilities
or outsource the task to small fabricators located, say,
close to airports and other hubs instead of storing
stock in warehouses.
3D opportunities for logistics providers: These range
from purely supporting the new logistics needs of the

industry (e.g., 3D material supply) to becoming a player in
the industry itself (e.g., by establishing own 3D on-site
factories located close to hubs, warehouses, and fulfillment
centers, or by hosting and distributing 3D data models).
Benefits:
Opportunity to become a thought leader in new,
potentially disruptive technology, and an orchestrator of

complex and fragmented supply chains for raw materials
and end products
Participate in new market segments, such as a digital
warehouse or 3D fab, and become a trusted service
provider for secure data hosting and exchange (e.g.,
through online platforms for spare part items)
I ncreased service availability and flexibility

R
educed transport costs and time
Concerns:
Potential risk from hackers and software bugs
Legal restrictions
Cultural differences/reluctance of some social groups
Sculpteo
French company founded 2009, specialized

in 3D printing in the cloud
Online service, using rapid prototyping and
a manufacturing process involving laser sintering
or stereo lithography
3D cloud factory services for designers, brands,
and 3D model platforms
Sculpteo app offers 3D design and customization
utilities
www.sculpteo.com
33
34
T05 Robotics & Automation

Topic
Robotics and automation technologies support zero-defect
logistics processes and enable new levels of productivity.
The new generation of robots and automated solutions
with significantly improved performance and enhanced
sensing capabilities offers a serious alternative to manual
handling.
Benefits:
Description
Due to the growing popularity of e-commerce, an
increasing number of small individual orders have to be
handled in warehouses, and fulfillment and distribution
centers. Robotics and automation are an increasingly hot
topic for global players. For example, Google purchased
seven companies in an effort to create a new generation
of robots that can be used in manufacturing and retailing
(e.g., for product picking and placing). With constant
improvement in robot performance, speed, and repetition
accuracy, and with rapid progress in grip and sensor
technology, the cost-effective use of 3D object recognition,
and an improved price/performance ratio, we are likely
to see more intensive adoption of these technologies in
different operational areas.
Flexible automation in warehousing and fulfillment:
In order to fulfill e-commerce orders more efficiently,

many retailers or their distribution and fulfillment partners
are embracing a flexible automation approach. Up-anddown scalable automation systems like tilt tray sorters
(rapid continuous loop sortation conveyor) enable
accurate, high-speed sorting, and quick and efficient
transportation for a wide product mix and huge variety
of materials. Self-learning systems can flexibly adapt to
changing logistics environments. Autonomous transport
robots offer significant alternatives to traditional materialhandling technologies.
Automation for transshipping in courier, express,
and parcel services: Containers or vehicles filled with
loosely stored parcels of different sizes represent timeintensive laborious activities. Parcel robots enable seamless, automated connection between parcel delivery in a
transshipping center and subsequent parcel distribution.
Automated pickup and drop-off points (PUDOs) are
being adopted by more and more companies. Further

capability enhancements (e.g., cold-chain PUDO) and
collaborative urban networks consisting of bus stop/
PUDO nodes connected via integrated people/parcel
transport units can meet the growing demand for
convenience logistics.
Flexible automation and robotics solutions offer more
agility and elasticity of logistics infrastructure capacity to

cost effectively meet market fluctuations
Optimization of time-intensive laborious activities
Improved efficiency and cost reduction
M
ore personal flexibility through 24/7 service
availability
Concerns:
Cost-prohibitive infrastructure requirements currently
limit greater uptake and application of robot
technology
Requires the right balance of flexibility and
automation; the concept of fully automated factories,
warehouses, and fulfillment centers has been revised
in favor of hybrid concepts
Multishuttle Moves
Autonomous transport shuttles steer each other

with complete freedom through available space
without any guidelines, by using swarm intelligence
Shuttles equipped with location and navigation
technology, and a newly developed hybrid sensor
concept with signal-based location capability,
distance and acceleration sensors, and laser scanners
www.dematic.de
www.fraunhofer.de
T06 Internet of Things

Topic
The Internet of Things (IoT) empowers smart objects
to be active participants in self-steering, event-driven
logistics processes. Logistics is one of the major industries
which will benefit from the intelligent conjunction of
information and material flows.
Description
IoT is disruptively changing industry rules, leading to a
new revolutionary step: Industry 4.0 is imminent. Wireless
sensor networks turn physical space into an information
system and enable maximum flexibility in logistics.
Intelligent objects, smart packages, and load units:
Intelligent, uniquely identifiable material flow objects

will start sharing information and follow swarm
algorithms to find their way to autonomously process
real-time information and contribute to self-orchestrated
operational efficiency.
Intelligent grids: The sensor network, sensor cloud,
or even smart planet represent an overall dynamic

framework with self-configuring capabilities enabling
smart services by interconnecting (physical and virtual)
things, taking into account object identification,
virtualization, and decentralization, and ensuring
interoperability across application areas.
Intelligent technologies enabling IoT: These include
RFID, near-field communication, barcodes, visual

recognition, 3D scanning, remote control, machineto-machine (M2M) communication, object-generated
content (OGC), device-to-grid, geotagging, GPS, wearable
computing, responsive environments, augmented reality,
mobile internet, semantic data integration, and IPv6
(Internet Protocol version 6).
Smart application areas: These include smart cities
(lighting, traffic control), smart transport (electro mobility,

smart cars), smart buildings (presence sensors, thermostats), smart energy (electric grid), smart living (entertainment), smart health (bio sensors, remote health),
smart industry (production control, robotics), and smart
planet (environmental sensors).
Benefits:
IoT increases significantly the transparency, traceability,
and reliability of all logistics processes

IoT automates decision-making in complex environments,
and increases efficiency through flexible use of logistics
infrastructure and equipment
L
ogistics costs reduction (in-stock items, delivery
routes)
E
nd-to-end real-time monitoring of goods condition,
and smart interactive logistics solutions, tailored to

individual requirements and routines
Concerns:
Little or no thorough assessment of IoT business
potential; need to develop new business models for
incumbents and new, innovative players
L
ittle or no public evaluation of use cases, business
models, and ROI for different types of sensor-enabled
logistics networks
Privacy protection concerns
Smart Reusable Transport Items (smaRTI)
Cross-industry approach for an intelligent

material flow
Based on intelligent loading aids from letter
containers to airfreight pallets and standardized
software for AutoID technologies (RFID, RTLS,
barcodes)
Industry partners from airfreight, mail, and retail,
transferable to all industries
Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) Award
winner 2013
www.smart-rti.de
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36
T07 Localization & Local Intelligence

Topic
By integrating location and spatial information with
traditional analytics data, localization and location
intelligence (LI) help to increase process efficiency,
and provide enterprises with powerful insights into
asset utilization.
Description
By adding the dimension of where to the traditional
parameters of who, what, when, and how much, LI
offers critical insights to enterprises, enabling better
operational and strategic decisions and supporting process
improvement and applications automation. In the next few
years, fostered by new analytics features such as big data
and open data as well as new technologies such as light
field communication (LFC, Li-Fi) and Bluetooth low
energy (BLE), the following key application areas will
shape the market of location intelligence services:
Benefits:
New insights into operational processes, asset, resource
and capacity utilization and their optimization potential

Technology foundation for warehouse of the future and
more
New sources of real-time location information for more
precise network design and asset management
L
ocalization services can provide real-time
information on the current location of couriers

and shipments
Concerns:
Availability of indoor maps is still limited; information
still distributed over diverse platforms
Confidentiality, privacy, copyright issues
Indoor localization and indoor navigation: Examples
include individualized, mobile device-supported guidance

to the right products, real-time navigation inside a
building, finding the precise location of assets and
people, and increasing security in emergency situations
(Google Indoor Maps, InLocation).
Locoslab
Indoor location analytics: Supported by big data
applications, business actors will be able to monitor

the exact position of people and their movements
within a building, assessing usage, usage frequency,
space utilization, optimum positioning of assets,
and more (Locoslab).
Location intelligence for places of interest and urban
landscapes: This gives people the power of knowing
what a place is like before they arrive; it collects and serves

up-to-the-minute information about places of interest
(Placemeter, Live!Singapore, LeanCiti).
Crowdsourced location information: Utilizing local
people to collect location-relevant information (e.g.,

address verification, property conditions, product
placement) and local insider knowledge in real time
(Streetspotr).
Next-generation predictive traffic management:
Intelligent real-time, dynamic traffic orchestration by

reserving timeslots for cars on the streets, thus preventing
traffic jams, enabling traffic flows twice as fast, and
reducing CO2 (Greenway/ NUNAV).
Locoslab indoor positioning system (IPS):

Precise localization of mobile devices in indoor
environments
Indoor navigation for airports, fairs, and shopping
centers; precise navigation, location-based services;
social interaction
Location analytics: Advanced RF-based active and
passive tracking solutions for people presence
monitoring at a particular location, allowing
analysis of flows of people in buildings
www.locoslab.com
T08 Wearable Technology

Topic
Beyond the hype, wearable devices (together with
responsive environments and contextual apps) will in
the long run significantly change the ways we work and
manage our lives and will impact all industries. Enterprises
need to develop a strategy for adopting wearable devices
at an early stage.
Benefits:
Real-time operational analytics with proactive correction
capabilities
Revolutionary potential for task execution through gesture
and thought control, hands-free operational processes
Description
The term wearable computing refers to computerpowered devices or equipment that can be worn by a
user, including clothing, watches, glasses, shoes, and
similar items. Wearable computing devices can range
from providing very specific, limited features like heart
rate monitoring and pedometer capabilities to advanced
smart functions and features similar to those a
smartphone or smart watch offers.
Wearable devices supporting working routines based
H
olistic life experience seamlessly integrating the
online and offline worlds into a new enhanced reality

Concerns:
Industrial adoption of wearable devices still at an early
stage of development
Airwriting
on the methods of gesture and thought recognition (e.g.,

Airwriting a wristband-operated gesture control system
that aims to allow people to control anything digital with
simple muscle movement).
Wearable devices offering context information and
enabling context-driven, hands-free interaction:
Examples include glasses (Google Glass, TelepathyOne,

Smart Glasses M100, Olympus MEG 2.0), jewelry
(Bluetooth necklaces and rings), and watches (iWatch,
Pebble).
Wearable devices monitoring physical and mental
condition, health and fitness including activity monitors,
heart-rate monitors, and pedometers, either as a solitary

device or interacting with a smartphone app (e.g. Nike+,
Fuel).
Wearable books: Even the most offbeat concept in the
area of wearable computing has the potential to impact

industrial operations in terms of wearable, interactive
manuals or working instructions allowing the reader to
virtually experience the real work situation.
Wearable input system which enables

interaction through 3D handwriting recognition
Capable of recognizing alphabet-like patterns
from among the millions of arm movements
people make in a normal day
Possible integration with Google Glass
Google Research Award 2013
Research prototype at
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
37
38
T09 Augmented Reality

Topic
By adding virtual layers of contextual information at the
right time and in the right place, augmented reality (AR)
will provide new perspectives in logistics planning, process
execution, and visual analytics.
Description
AR applications are playing an important role in the fusion
of the digital and physical world. By understanding whats
happening in their surroundings, augmented reality applications can react in real time by integrating contextual
information in the field of view and into the real-world
scene. AR was first introduced in the maintenance and
repair sector in 1990. Thanks to the latest developments
in contextual computing, AR will become more and more
a part of our everyday life. In the following logistics areas,
AR has the potential to significantly enhance process efficiency and quality, reduce risk, and make handling less
stressful.
Logistics operations, manufacturing, and production
covering execution of warehouse operations such as

picking and assembly (pick-by-vision), facilities service
and maintenance, staff training, and risk, quality, and
incident management.
Logistics transport, first-and-last-mile logistics: AR is
integrated into car intelligent infotainment, contextual and

predictive navigation, and transport management, and
provides courier support by mapping shipment data to
real-time scans of physical entities (buildings, streets, etc.).
Benefits:
Picking solutions enable higher efficiency, error-free
processes with ongoing quality checks and navigation

guides (reduces training time)
Reduction of assembly training
Shorter warehouse handling times
Business opportunity to become pioneer and market
leader in the logistics industry for augmented-reality
technology
Increased performance, reduced costs, improved quality
Concerns:
Complications with regards to integrating the
technology into existing warehouse management
systems
Difficulties in meeting customer-defined requirements
of standards and disclosure
Cost intensive
Robustness and reliability of AR systems
SAP & Vuzix Augmented Reality

for Warehouses
Logistics planning and modeling: This includes
integrative modeling of warehouses with virtual

walkthroughs, simulations of air, light, and acoustics,
conveyance integration, material flows, and more.
Visual analytics support fast operational decisions by
providing 3D or 4D visualization of complex data at

the right time and in the right context.
Customer solutions enable customer decisions by
providing AR reality-supported assistance in choosing

the right solution such as packaging for a shipment.
Real-time data streaming from SAP systems to

glasses, enabling hands-free working with
augmented reality via smart glasses
Assistance for loading, unloading, and handling
merchandise, and inventory pick-up
Allows employees to interact with animated stock
lists; helps to control warehousing functions;
streamlines the process and reduces mistakes
Ongoing research project no market launch yet
www.sap.com
www.vuzix.com
T10 Low-Cost Sensor Technology

Topic
Established consumer sensor technologies enable new
applications within the logistics industry. With access to
low-cost sensors, logistics is likely to increase the use of
sensors, creating smart infrastructures for monitoring,
inspecting, and controlling industrial and logistical
processes.
Description
With sensors, everything can get measured. As universal
tools capable of online data access and exchange, and
designed to be physically robust, smartphones and tablets
are clearly suited to many business and industrial applications.
High-tech sensors become commodity: Today,
smartphones contain many types of sensor including

three-axis gyro, accelerometer, proximity, ambient light,
temperature, humidity, and barometer sensors. Upcoming
devices will even be equipped with depth-image sensors,
RFID, and air quality sensors. Additional capabilities are
standard features of some personal mobile devices
motion, gesture, facial, and voice recognition, location and
environmental analysis (temperature, brightness, and
humidity), and passive tag identification.
Industrial benefits of technology transfer: Once
equipped with one or more sensors, mobile devices are

ideal for monitoring and controlling the supply chain
which may enable completely new business uses and
improve current solutions. As innovation cycles for
consumer sensors are significantly faster than for industrial
sensors, consumer-to-industrial application transfer is
easy. Combining this highly dynamic development with
required quality and durability is a key success factor for
low-cost sensors in logistics.
Operational enhancement: The sensor technology in
mobile devices is already suitable to execute a broad range

of logistics operations, from barcode scanning, freight
image documentation, proof of delivery (POD) capture,
and wireless RFID-identification, to smartphone and cloud
app-supported tracking, and synchronization of delivery
routing and customer availability. In particular, 3D sensors
enabling 3D freight volume scanning (e.g., Kinect) will
become key assets for dynamic load capacity optimization,
generating unique shipment fingerprints, and controlling
robotic unloading systems.
Benefits:
Picking solutions enable higher efficiency, error-free
processes with ongoing quality checks and navigation

guides (reduces training time)
Reduction of assembly training
Shorter warehouse handling times
Business opportunity to become pioneer and market
leader in the logistics industry for augmented-reality
technology
Increased performance, reduced costs, improved quality
Concerns:
Complications with regards to integrating the
technology into existing warehouse management
systems
Difficulties in meeting customer-defined requirements
of standards and disclosure
Cost intensive
Robustness and reliability of AR systems
Volume Scanning Using

Low-cost 3D Sensors
DHL field test on the integration of low-cost range

imaging sensors in logistics applications
Two scenarios for a stationary and a mobile solution
In-process measurement and photo-documentation
of all visible sides of the freight, low shading effects
even with complex structures, complex system
calibration and integration
Use cases: Optimized packaging sequence, status
documentation, contour check prior to loading,
volume-based pricing
www.dhl.com
39
40
T11 Crypto-currencies & Crypto-payment

Topic
Started by an underground community of cyberpunks in
the 1990s, crypto-currencies and crypto-payment quickly
evolved to become a significant technology trend with
strong potential as a serious alternative to the established
financial infrastructures of governments, banks, and
credit card companies.
Description
The e-commerce revolution and its next evolutionary
step omni-channel commerce are making high
demands on secure digital payments. The established
electronic payment platforms, like PayPal, rely exclusively
on financial institutions serving as trusted third parties
and interact seamlessly with the existing financial infrastructure. Crypto-currencies and crypto-payment as a
peer-to-peer version of electronic cash (allowing any two
willing parties to transact directly with each other) is
based on cryptographic proof, without financial
institutions being involved. Despite the turbulence of
bitcoin (the pioneer crypto-currency), crypto-payment
is sure to continue as a significant innovation topic,
especially in the following focus areas.
Next-generation integrated crypto-payment networks:
Benefits:
Potentially new payment and charging modes for logistics
services
Fluid financial transactions and settlement across country
and currency boarders based on a virtual reference
currency as a potential core capability of a global logistics
supergrid
F
lexible cross-national payment and settlement options
End-to-end-convertibility and equality of conventional
currency, crypto-currency, and loyalty points

Concerns:
Fragmented and instable crypto-currency market
still not mature enough to support potential highscale use cases
Data security
Integration into operational processes
Ripple
Service provider like Ripple or Coino enable secure,

instant, and nearly free global financial transactions of any
size with no chargebacks. They support any fiat currency
(, $, etc.), crypto-currency (bitcoin, litecoin, etc.),
commodity, or other unit of value (frequent flier miles,
mobile minutes, etc.).
Crypto-currency integration into established platforms:
With the first countries introducing their own cryptocurrencies as an alternative to their fiat currency (e.g.,
Auroracoin in Iceland), established digital payment and
e-commerce platforms will have to cope with changing
user expectations. First players are already providing
services that allow online shops to accept crypto-currency
while getting paid in local currency (e.g., Cryptopay, UK).
Convertibility of virtual and physical currency: Today,
reward points earned in customer loyalty programs can

mostly be cashed for goods and services from the same
provider or a limited community of providers. In future,
people will earn credit points by just executing daily
routines (e.g., jogging or making phone calls), which
will be easily transferable into crypto-currency or
physical currency.
A universal payments system allowing global

cross-currency payments to clear in seconds
XRP transactions are processed by a global
federated network of computers running the
Ripple transaction protocol
Cryptographically secure and algorithmically
verified accounts and transactions
Micropayments enable new pricing systems
and business models
www.ripple.com
References
REFERENCES
B07 Crowd Logistics
BEST PRACTICE AND USE CASES

Social & Business Trends
Regional Supergrids: LOGICAL / InterLogGrid, ESSENCE Project
Global Supergrids: SAP One-World-Logistics Project
Country Supergrids: China Smart Logistics Network
Shareconomy-driven C2C services: Polyport Mitbringservices Zrich:
BringBee (IKEA-products), Das Kartoffeltaxi (organic food from local

farmers), craigslist.com, lifecycler.de
Crowdsourcing: DHL MyWays, Shyp.com, Barnacle, Streetspotr.com,
microtask.com, brain-sourcer.com, passbrains.com (on-demand
software testing), crowdguru.de, hyve-community.de, CrowdSource.com,
workvestor.com, clickworker.com,
Crowdnavigation: Inrix crowd sourced real-time traffic navigation,
TomTom, MDM
Crowdmining & crowd sources data mining: wisdom.com,
LIVE!Singapore
Crowdfunding: Kickstarter, Indiegogo, Startnext, Seedmatch
Real Time Tracking: Agheera: agheera.pulse, DHL Global Forwarding:
Cargo Mobile Tracking, DHL Express: SMART SENTRY, DHL Supply

Chain / Microlise: SmartPOD, Effizienzcluster LogistikRuhr: TiLO,
SmaRTI
Real Time Order Management: DHL Freight: ACTIVEBOOKING
Mobile App
Real Time Location Sharing & Tracking: GLYMPSE, T-Systems Arrival
Control
Real Time Navigation: TelematicOne, ConnectedCar
Multidimensional Real Time Application Cases: Hamburg SmartPort
Logistics, Metro: Future store initiative, Wal-Mart: Retail Link Private
Extranet & JiT-Inventory

Anticipatory Capacity Planning: Transmetrics, DHL Parcel Volume
Prediction
Anticipatory Shipping: Amazon

Anticipatory Risk Management: DHL Resilience360
B04 Urban Logistics

City Logistics Services: Binnenstadservice.nl, Service2City/Eco2City,
B08 Fair Logistics

Circular Economy Best Practices: DHL Envirosolutions, H&M
LongLiveFashion & CharityStar, Patagonia Responsible Economy

concept
Overall Fair Logistics Practices: DHL Living Responsibility: GoGreen,
GoHelp, GoTeach, UpStairs; VillageReach, TheLogisticsProject.org,
European Business School (EBS): Global Sourcing Code
Connected Health & Living Solutions: Sensor based Health Services
research project, SmartSenior research project, Abilia Smart Home
Products and Services, MindMe personal GPS devices for dementia
patients
Mobility Solutions: MV1 / MV1 LX: Vehicle for aged or disabled people
(MV1 Mobility Ventures, USA), Independent Transportation Network
(USA & Canada)
Grey Power Movements: The Village Movement USA, Grey Power New
Zeeland, Seniors a Go Go USA
Senior Brainpower: SES Senior Experten Service, Bonn, Germany
Research Institutes and Initiatives: MIT Age Lab, MoPAct EU Project
City-Log.eu/City-Move.eu
Urban Consolidation Centers (UCC): Heathrow, Stockholm, Dubai,
Urban Logistics Innovations: SmartTruck

Lockers, Boxes and other intelligent storage: Parcel Lockers

Online Supermarkets: Allyouneed.com, MyTime.de, foodstore-online.de,
edeka24.de, gourmondo.de, biomondo.de, amorebio.de, emma-mobil.de,
froodies.de, kochzauber.de (Germany), LeShop.ch (Schweiz), toptomato.
in (India), RedMart.com (Singapore), waitrose.com, sainsburys.com,
ocado.com, tesco.com (UK)

Smart Packages: DHL Thermobox for Cold Chain delivery via standard
parcel network, SemProM Research Project (Semantic Product Memory
Identification and Authentication Solution)
Alternative Supply Networks: Project CargoTube
Kuala Lumpur, Istanbul
Integrated Air Cargo Hubs (IACH) / End-of-Runway Warehouses:
DHL HUB Leipzig, Pudong
(DHL, Amazon, Google, Swapbox), Refrigerated Pickup Lockers (DIA

Supermarkets), Boxbee urban storage solutions (USA), MyByBox (UK)
Urban Business Navigation: Fraunhofers Urban Business Navigator
Urban Retail Logistics: eBase4mobility
B2B: Logistics Mall, Check.cargo.com, Teleroute.com, Opersoft.com,
Movex.co.uk (sector specific logistics marketplace: automotive)

M2C: MediPx.com: Medical Logistics Marketplace
B2C: Klickcouriers.com, Uship.com, Shareload.com, Shiply.com, Chakkr.
com, Parcelbroker.co.uk, AnyVan.de
C2C: Carpoolcargo.com, Raumobil.de, NochPlatz.de, Monsterzeug.de
New Generation Digital Stores: HOINTER
Digitalization of Traditional Stores: Burberry Flagship Store, C&A Brazil
Showrooming: Bonobos
Augmented Reality Stores: Yihaodian
Enabling Devices and Shop Solutions: Apple iBeacon & Shopkick,
Turnhills
Shopping Delivery Solutions: DELIV Same Day Delivery

Collaborative Consumption & Sharing: carzapp.net, tamyca.de,
getaround.com, car2go.com (cars), parku.ch (parking slots), Deinbus.de

(buses), flinc.org, mitpackgelegenheit.de (private delivery services),
foodsharing.de (food), bookelo.com (books), friendsurance.de
(insurances)
Re-Use, Swapping & Lending: ASOS Marketplace (clothes), frents.de,
kidd-e.com, netcycler.de, lifecycler.de, game-change.de (commodity
goods), homeforhome.com, Airbnb.de, homeswopping.de (homes &
houses), exchangeme.de, diensttausch.com (services)
Collaborative Business / Co-Working: the-hub.net, betahaus.de,
cowobo.de, coworking.de, socialteams.de
Non-profit organizations: creativecommons.org, shareable.net
41
42
References
B13 Near- & X-Shoring

Right Shoring Solutions: DHL Supply Chain: Right Shoring, Agility:
Global Integrated Logistics
Backshoring and Nearshoring: The Global Intelligence Group:
Nearshoring Manufacturing in Mexico, HP: IT Support and
Development from Mexico, Avnet: Value-added supply chain operation
in Nogales, Mexico, to serve both the United States and Latin America
Synchromodality: European Gateway Services, Platform
Synchromodaliteit (NL)
Overall Research Initiatives: EU research and innovation funding
Horizon 2020: Project MG.6.2-2014. De-stressing the supply chain

Smart Items & Load Units: smaRTI Smart reusable transport items:
Research project, Fraunhofer Institute, Smart container chain
management (SMART-CM), DyCoNet autonomous airfreight containers
& smart grid
Smart Materials: AGILITA materials flow system
Smart Health: BMWi project AUTONOMIC: SmartOR: IoT enabled
operating theatre
Smart Home & Smart Environment: SKT (Korea): M2M based IoT
platforms for Smart Home, Smart Weather Observatory
Overall Initiatives: Internet of Things Europe (internet-of-things.eu)
Localization & Indoor Navigation: Indoor Google Maps, Inside
Navigation
Technology Trends
T01 Big Data, Open Data & Data-as-a-Service
Big Data enabled Logistics Solutions: DHL Resilience360, DHL Smart
Truck, DHL MyWays, DHL Parcel Volume Prediction, DHL Geovista,
DHL Address Management, Transmetrics, Agheera: pulse.agheera,
Hamburg SmartPort Logistics, FedEx: SenseAware, Descartes Systems:
Logistics Flow Control
Open Data Platforms: MATERNA Mobility Data Marketplace, ArcGIS
Online Open geodata and maps, Open Data Globe/CitySDK API: Real
Time Traffic Flows, GB Road Traffic Counts: Governmental Open Data
Indoor Location Intelligence: LOCOSLAB, ByteLight: Li-Fi / LFC
technology for indoor positioning
Outdoor Location Intelligence: PLACEMETER, LeanCiti, Live !
Singapore, Streetspotr
Intelligent Navigation: NUNAV / Greenway Navigation solutions

Communities: LocationTech open source geospatial community,
Open Geospatial Consortium, InLocation Alliance, MapStory.org

Wearables for Gesture Control: AIRWRITING: Research Prototype
at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Glasses: Google Glass, TelepathyOne, Smart Glasses M100, Olympus
T02 Cloud Computing

End-to-End Cloud LaaS Providers: Shipwire Enterprise Logistics
Platform, Westfracht Spezialverkehre: LaaS (logistics-as-a-service.de),

Cloud Logistics (gocloudlogistics.com), LogFire Cloud Solutions
(logfire.com/cloud-solutions)
Cloud based Supply Chain on Demand: Solvoyo, Lessoftware
Cloud Logistics Marketplaces and Supergrids: Logistics Mall / LaaS
(Fraunhofer Effizienzcluster Logistics), LOGICAL / InterLogGrid
Cloud Business Process Management: Metasonic S-BPM
Autonomous Air Logistics: DHL ParcelCopter, Matternet, ARIA,
Skymail, Skycatch, Drone Deploy, Archon multi-drone mission planner,
Seegrid vision-guided automated vehicles (AGVs)
Autonomous Warehousing Logistics: Effizienzcluster LogistikRuhr /
Fraunhofer IML: Cellular Transport Systems
Autonomous Road Logistics: Google Driverless Car, Autonomous Labs
(Brain Driver, Made In Germany, Spirit Of Berlin), EC EUREKA
Prometheus Project in collaboration with Daimler Benz (VaMP, Vita-2),
KIT Cognitive Car Project
T04 3D Printing
MEG 2.0, Vuzix
Health and fitness wearables: Activity monitors, heart-rate monitors,

pedometers (Inephro iPhone app, Healthbook iWatch App)
Bluetooth Jewelry: Necklaces, rings, watches (CSR, iWatch, Pebbles,
Nike+ Fuel)
Sensory fiction: Wearable augmented book (MIT Media Lab Pilot)

AR for Warehouse Operations: SAP & VUZIX, LFS.glass, DSC Global
IT Strategy & Solutions: AR project Vision Picking, Total Immersion,

KNAPP: 3 KiSoft Vision
AR for Customer Self Services: DHL Paketassistent, USPS Virtual Box
Simulator
AR for Mobility: RealityCap, Skully Helmets
T10 Low Cost Sensor Technology

Volume & Contour Scanning: DHL / Fraunhofer IFF field test: Volume
scanning using low cost 3D sensors, BIBA Bremen: Intelligent image
processing in production and logistics
Low Cost Sensor Innovations: University of Tokyo, Kyushu University
and NMEMS Technology Research: Silicon (Si)-based low-cost,
high-sensitivity, near-infrared sensor
Web & Cloud Factories and Marketplaces: Sculpteo, Shapeways,
Freedom of Creation
Industrial 3D, 4D and rapid prototyping solutions and projects:
DirectSpare research project (EU), 4D Solution, Rapitech Solutions,

MicroTec
Communities: Wohlers Associates
Warehouse and Operations: Multishuttle Moves Autonomous transport
shuttles (Dematic / Fraunhofer), Universal Robotics: Neocortex,
AutoStore, Quiet Logistics, Office Depot: KIVA Automation robotic
mobile fulfillment solution, ESB-Logistikfabrik: RobLog, SSI SCHAEFER
(SSI Robo-Pick), Amazon / KIVA: real-time cloud controlled order
processing robots
Automated delivery solutions: DHL Packstation; AmazonLocker,
Google BufferBox; Zalando Fashion Concept Car

Cryptopayment Platforms & Solutions: Ripple, CryptoPay, Benscha,
CoinToPay
Cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin, Namecoin, PPCoin, Mastercoin, Hashcoin,
Betacoin, Coino, NXT, Globe, Valutacoin. Auroracoin, Dogecoin,
Litecoin, Peercoin, Amazon Coins
Cryptocurrency Maps and Overviews: Mapofcoins.com, Crypto
Currencies World: com-http.us, Crypto-Currency Market Capitalizations:
coinmarketcap.com
Mobile payment and money transfer solutions: Google Wallet, PayPal,
MasterPass by Mastercard, V.me by Visa, QIWI wallet, Allied Wallet,
Click and Buy, Postpay
Sources
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with a mixed digital agenda, policyreview.info, 11.12.2013
Risk and responsibility in a hyperconnected world, World
Economic Forum Insight Report, in Cooperation with McKinsey
& Company, January 2014
Tucker Bailey, Josh Brandley, James Kaplan: How good is your
cyberincident response plan?, McKinsey & Company, December
2013
Dutch logistics 2040: Designed to last, NL Council for the

Environment and Infrastructure, June 2013
Robert Scoble, Shel Israel: The Age of Context: Mobile, Sensors,

Data and the Future of Privacy, CreateSpace, North Charleston, 2013
Sustainability SCM: Develop circular logistics solutions for

intelligent and closed loop Supply Chain Management (SCM),
Company profile, http://www.sustainabilityscm.com
Jonathan Strickland: How Web 3.0 will work,

http://computer.howstuffworks.com/web-303.htm
Sheila Bonini, Stephan Grner: The business of sustainability,

McKinsey Global Survey results, 2011
SOCIAL & BUSINESS TRENDS
Sustainable cities: The Dongtan Eco-Demonstrator City,

Shanghai, Presentation to BESTUFFS, May 2006
Tod Cohen: On the Internet, nobody knows youre a small

business, in: Market Watch, The Wall Street Journal, 18.12.2013
Commerce 3.0 for development. The promise of the Global
Empowerment Network, An eBay report based on an empirical
study conducted by Sidley Austin LLP, October 2013
Towards Commerce 3.0. Roadmap for building sustainable
growth into commerce, eBay Inc., July 2012
Micro-Multinationals, global consumers, and the WTO.
Towards a 21st century trade regime, eBay Inc., November 2013
Africa gearing up. Future prospects in Africa for the
transportation & logistics industry, PWC 2013
Lions go digital: The Internets transformative potential in
Africa, McKinsey Global Institute / McKinsey & Company
in Africa / McKinsey High Tech, Media & Telecoms Practice,
November 2013
Logistics in China: An all-inclusive market?, PWC, January 2012
Value of connectivity. Economic and social benefits of expanding
internet access, Deloitte LLP, 2014
Mark Zuckerberg: Is Connectivity A Human Right?,
https://facebook.com/isconnectivityahumanright
Connecting the unconnected: Internet access for five
billion people, Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication
Systems FOKUS, 2010
Cooperation needed to avoid fragmentation of the net,
says European Commission, policyreview.info, 12.02.2014
Das Ende des Internets: Staaten steigen aus dem Web aus,
NZZ am Sonntag, 09.02.2014
Delivering Tomorrow. Logistics 2050 A scenario study,

DPDHL, February 2012.
Uwe Arnold, Jan Oberlnder, Bjrn Schwarzbach: Advancements
in Cloud Computing for Logistics, in: Proceedings of the 2013
Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information
Systems, Krakw, Poland, September 8-11, 2013. 2013, pp. 1055
1062.
The Rise of a Global Transportation Supergrid - Moving People,
Commerce, and Ideas, in: The Global Logistics Revolution:
A Pivotal Moment for the Postal Service, U.S. Postal Service
Office of Inspector General, 03.06.2013, pp. 34.
Dr. Andr Ludwig: Engineering und Management kundenindividueller Logistikdienste nach dem Cloud-Prinzip,
Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 01/2014, pp. 4655.
Dipl.-Ing. Holger Seidel, Dipl.-Inf. Tobias Kutzler: Digitale
Logistik als Wegbereiter fr Cloud-basierte Dienste in der
Logistik, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 01/2014,
pp. 7886.
Dr. Jrg Leukel, Andreas Scheuermann: Cloud Logistics ist
mehr als Logistiksoftware aus der Cloud, Wirtschaftsinformatik
& Management, 01/2014, pp. 3845.
Leukel, J.; Kirn, S.; Schlegel, T.: Supply Chain as a Service:
A Cloud Perspective on Supply Chain Systems. in: IEEE Systems
Journal, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2011, S. 26-37.
Laura Cork: Well-orchestrated moves: conducting a fine-tuned
lineside logistics operation calls for experience, timing and a
large dose of trust, in: Works Management. Manufacturing management best practice, 18.02.2012.
Logistik Service Bus, http://www.lsb-plattform.de/presse/
lsb_prospekt_hq.pdf
Sources
ESSENCE Easy Services to Shape and Empower SME Networks

in Central Europe, Press Releases, http://www.essence-project.
eu/media
Alibaba to build $48bn smart logistics network in China,
InformationAge.com, 29.05.2013
DHL improves flexibility for road freight services through
mobile solution, DHL Press Release 2013
DHL Same Day launches Smart Sentry, http://howfastisfast.com/
smartsentry/
Project Resilient Cities (resilient-cities.iclei.org/)

Alliance for European Logistics: Urban Logistics is different
(logistics-alliance.eu)
Facts about China: Urbanization, mega-cities & migrant workers
(china-mike.com)
McKinsey & Co. Report, Preparing for Chinas urban billion,
March 2009
Effizienzcluster LogistikRuhr: Tracing Intelligent Logistics

Objects (TiLO) (effizienzcluster.de)
Wang, Y., Potter, A., Naim, M.: Pan-Wales Collaborative

Electronic Logistics Marketplace (ELM) Project, Cardiff
University, Innovative Manufacturing Research Centre
(CUIMRC), 2008
Effizienzcluster LogistikRuhr: Smart Reusable Transport Items

(smaRTI) Intelligent Material Flow (effizienzcluster.de)
Electronic Logistics Marketplaces Research Report, Cardiff

University Innovative Manufacturing Research Centre, 2008
Vernetztes Auto: Smarter unterwegs das Auto geht online,

Deutsche Telekom, 09/2010
Mitfahrgelegenheit fr Sofas. Anbieter vermitteln private

Speditionsdienste, Die Welt, 21.07.2008
Container schneller an Bord: Hamburg nimmt Kurs auf

Hafen der Zukunft (telekom.com/medien/loesungen-fuerunternehmen)
Mitfahrzentrale fr Sofas, Klaviere oder Pferde. Neue Internet-Plattform hilft beim Transport von Sperrigem und weit
Entferntem, Academicworld.net
Transmetrics A Cloud solution that brings big data for cargo

transport, http://admin.cloudscapeseries.eu/Repository/
document/PositionPapersCSVI/Transmetrics.pdf
Why parcel companies are ecstatic about eCommerce,

logisticstrends.com, 30.11.2013
DHL Resilience360 - a new risk management solution to give

customers the competitive edge in logistics, http://www.dhl.com/
resilience
Method and system for anticipatory package shipping, Patent
No. US 8615473 B2, Amazon Technologies Inc., https://docs.
google.com/viewer?url=patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/
pdfs/US8086546.pdf
Robert Hetu: As Amazon patents anticipatory shipping what
is the impact on multichannel retailing?, Gartner Blog Network,
20.01.2014
Jon Thomas: 5 Trends Redefining How We Buy Now,

saydaily.com, 24.01.2014
Trends im Handel 2020, KPMG / EHI Retail Institute, 2013
Christian Rohr: Future Stores Die Rolle des Ladengeschfts
in einer Omnichannel-Strategie, Kanal-Egal.de, 17.02.2014
Commerce 3.0 for development. The promise of the Global
Empowerment Network, eBay Inc., 2012
Cross Channel Revolution im Lebensmittelhandel,
Ernst & Young GmbH, 2014
Praveen Kopalle: Why Amazons Anticipatory Shipping Is Pure

Genius, Forbes, 28.01.2014
Ian MacKenzie, Chris Meyer, and Steve Noble:

How retailers can keep up with consumers,
McKinsey & Company, October 2013
Om Malik: The coming era of magical computing: Are you ready

for your devices to anticipate your needs?, fastcompany.com,
18.11.2013
Anne Petznick: Multichannel, Omnichannel, Cross Channel

und Co. Versuch einer Begriffserklrung, Kanal-Egal.de,
17.02.2014
B04 Urban Logistics

How to make a city great. A review of the steps city leaders
around the world take to transform their cities into great places
to live and work, McKinsey Cities Special Initiative, 2013
Urban world: Cities and the rise of the consuming class,
McKinsey Global Institute, June 2012
Urban World: The shifting global business landscape,
McKinsey Global Institute, October 2013
EffizienzCluster LogistikRuhr: Urban Supply Logistics Solution
for the Cities (effizienzcluster.de)
These 10 Ideas In Retail Innovation Will Change The Way You

Shop, Forbes, 05.09.2013
Top-10-eCommerce-Trends 2014: Eine Meta-Analyse
ausgewhlter Studien, Netzbaron, 17.02.2014
Greg Petro: Next-Gen Retail? Hointer, Bonobos, And Dollar
Shave Club, Forbes, 04.02.2014
Hointer: Retail meets technology at Hointer where they
have reinvented shopping through the use of smartphones
and robotics in their apparel stores, Retail Innovations,
Pragmauk.com, 06.01.2014.
Susan Reda: Revenge of Bricks and Mortar, STORES.ORG,
February 2014
45
46
Sources
Burkhard Schneider: Turnhills macht den virtuellen

Schaufensterbummel zum Shoppingerlebnis,
best-practice-business.de, 12.09.2013
Gidney, M., CEO Fairtrade Foundation: Why a fair supply chain

is key to achieving a sustainable food system, The Guardian,
25.02.2013
JP Mangalindan, The race for same-day delivery,

CNN Money, 05.12.2013
Yvon Chouinard & Vincent Stanley: The Responsible Company:

What Weve Learned From Patagonias First 40 Years, Patagonia
Books, 2012
Jill Krasny: A Startup Brings Same-Day Delivery to

Shopping Malls, Inc.com, 12.12.2013
B07 Crowd Logistics
DHL MyWays deliveries throughout Stockholm by involving
the citys residents, at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
EO7G3ZjTaWM&list=UUr1BV4GS6kWldMH7CxNh1Ag
Yvon Chouinard, Ridge Ridgeway, Bob Massie: The responsible

economy: You are part of it, Patagonia Books, 2013
Patagonia: The footprint chronicles, http://www.patagonia.com/
us/footprint/
Crowd Business Models: Getting results from crowds. The

definitive guide to using crowdsourcing to grow your business,
ResultsFromCrowds.com
SmartSenior Intelligent services for senior citizens,

Berlin, November 2011, http://www.eu-service-bb.de/
download/000379/1_2_neumann_eict_smartsenior.pdf
Crowd Companies: Empowered people & resilient brands

for shared value, a brand council for large companies to tap
the collaborative economy: sharing economy, maker movement,
and co-innovation, profile at http://crowdcompanies.com/
Connected Technologies Research Campus: Sensor based

health services: project profile, http://www.connected-living.org/
fileadmin/pdf/Projekte/1403/Sub-project_Sensor-based_health_
services_1403_en.pdf
Crowdsourced real-time traffic information

(crowdsourcing.org)
MIT Age Lab Research projects at:

http://agelab.mit.edu/research
Polyport: Ein eBay fr klimafreundliche Transporte

(http://startwerk.ch)
MoPAct EU Project (Mobilising the potential of active ageing

in Europe): Project profile at: http://mopact.group.shef.ac.uk/
wp-content/uploads/2013/10/MOPACT-leaflet-About-theproject.pdf
Zukunftsinstitut: Future Business: Fnf Start-ups unternehmen

was im digitalen Zeitalter, Trend-Update 09/2012: Totale
Tranzparenz, S. 3435 (ber Polyport.ch)
Crowdsourcing von Verkehrsinformationen,
MDM-Newsletter 3/2012
Kickstarter, Indiegogo, Startnext: Wie Crowdfunding
die Macht an den Konsumenten zurckgibt, The Huffington
Post, 23.02.2014
Crowdfunding information portal with overeview and links
to german and international crowdfunding platforms:
Crowdfunding.de
DPDHL: InsightOn: E-Commerce & Collaboration
(deliveringtomorrow.com)
DPDHL: Delivering Tomorrow. Consumer Needs in 2020
delivering-tomorrow.com)
B08 Fair Logistics
Delivering Tomorrow. Towards Sustainable Logistics.
How Business Innovation and Green Demand Drive a
Carbon-Efficient Industry, DPDHL, October 20120
Yvo de Boer: Facing the megaforces: Its time to make business
sustainable, Delivering-Tomorrow.com, 26.03.2014
TV fr faire Logistik, 23.12.09 (nachhaltigkeit.org)
EffizienzCluster LogistikRuhr: Integriertes CSR-Management
in Logistiknetzwerken (CoReLo) - verantwortlich wirtschaften
(effizienzcluster.de)
VillageReach Launches Open Source Logistics Platform to
Improve Distribution Practices for Global Health Programs,
CSR Wire, 20.04.2010
Jane Wakefield: Tomorrows cities: Sensor networks

for the elderly, 16.09.2013,
http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-22984876
The Atlantic Cities: City Test: How Hard Is it For Seniors
to Get to a Grocery Store?, 02.11.2011
Village People: Community Networks Help Boomers
Age in Place, Bloomberg.com, 24.01.2013
Andrej Busch: Convenience logistics, highlysubjective.info,
07.07.2012
Andrej Busch: Changing commerce.
What is the impact of the internet?, at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jw_VPgH-PNo
Matthias Pieringer: Studie: Boom im deutschen OnlineLebensmittelhandel erwartet. Konsumenten sind optimistisch,
dass Logistikprobleme gelst werden, Logistik heute, 11.02.2014
Cross Channel: Revolution im Lebensmittelhandel,
Ernst & Young, 2014
Which supermarket is best for online shopping?,
The Guardian, 27.09.2012
Mirjam Hecking: Online-supermrkte: Es rentiert sich
einfach nicht, Manager Magazin Online, 26.11.2012
Boomsegment Online-Supermrkte: Emma Mobil,
food.de und Supermarkt.de stehen in den Startlchern,
deitsche-startups.de, 06.09.2011
Sources
Cornelia Greiner: Lebensmittel bis vor die Haustr

online Supermrkte kommen auch in Deutschland an,
handelskraft.de, 03.05.2012
CargoTube: Interview mit Pierre-Andr Meyrat,
NZZ am Sonntag, 02.03.2013
Chris Jones: The future of logistics networks,
LogisticsViewpoints. com, 13.10.2011
DHL metropolitan parcel ticket,
DHL citylogistics-ideacontest. com, 07.11.2011
Taxis are there, why not use them?
DHL citylogistics-ideacontest. com, 28.10.2011
Use Metro Tunnels for Urban Transport
(off-peak and night), DHL citylogistics-ideacontest.com,
27.11.2011
Hybrid cargo/passenger buses,
DHL citylogistics-ideacontest.com, 27.11.2011
PNV-DHL-Netz, DHL citylogistics-ideacontest.com,
25.11.2011
Empty Back-load Reduction,
DHL citylogistics-ideacontest.com, 09.11.2011
5 Creative Commoners who changed the world in 2013,
http://www.shareable.net/blog/5-creative-commonerswho-changed-the-world-in-2013
21 technologies that will decentralize the world,
http://www.shareable.net/blog/21-technologies-that-willdecentralize-the-world
Creative Commons profile, http://creativecommons.org/about
Shareable profile, http://www.shareable.net/about
Shareconomy is keynote theme for CeBIT 2013, cebit.de
Die Shareconomy-Landschaft 2013, Friendsurance.de,
04.03.2013
Peer-to-peer rental: The rise of the sharing economy,
The Economist, 09.03.2013
All eyes on the sharing economy, The Economist: Technology
Quarterly, Q1/2013
Airbnb, Snapgoods and 12 More Pioneers Of the
Share Economy, Forbes.com, 11.02.2013
Share Everything: Why the way we consume has changed forever,
The Atlantic Cities, 04.03.2013
Harris, M. / Gorenflo, N. / Doctorow, C.: Share or Die: Voices of
the Get Lost Generation in the Age of Crisis, 2012
B13 Near- & X-Shoring

How will supply chains change in 2014? SCM speaks to Mark
Patterson, Vice President of Innovation and Product Incubation
at DHL Supply Chain to find out what trends are expected to
shape supply chains in 2014, https://www.dhlsupplychainmatters.
dhl.com/insights/article/318/2014_predictions
Katy George, Sree Ramaswamy, Lou Rassey: Next-shoring:
A CEOs guide, McKinsey Quarterly, January 2014
Right-Shoring: Claiming competitive advantage by managing
complexity across the changing global supply chain,
DHL Supply Chain Americas, September 2009.
Globally Local: The new face of right-shoring, EXEL Americas,
2012
Going beyond reshoring to right-shoring, PWC, September 2013
Right-Shoring: The Regionalization of the High-Tech Supply
Chain, Area Development, Q3/Summer 2013
Third-Party Logistics Study, The State of Logistics Outsourcing,
Capgemini Consulting, 2013
Third-party Logistics Study, The State of Logistics Outsourcing,
Capgemini Consulting, 2012
Executive Perspectives on Near-Shoring, Alix Partners, 2012
Jeff Berman: Nearshoring is on shippers radar but LM survey
finds few are taking action, Supply Chain Management Review,
12.03.2012
Lisa H. Harrington, Nearshoring Latin America:
A Closer Look, Inbound Logistics, 03/2012
Near-Shoring/Right-Shoring Strategies: Weighing the risks of
global sourcing, Logistics Management, 01.08.2011
Troy Ryley: From Offshoring to Nearshoring: Understanding
the Shifting Sourcing Dynamic, 26.10.2010
Horizon 2020 Work Programme 2014 2015, 11. Smart,
green and integrated transport, http://ec.europa.eu/research/
participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2014_2015/main/h2020wp1415-transport_en.pdf
Bart van Riessen, Rudy R. Negenborn, Rommert Dekker,
Gabriel Lodewijks: Service network design for an
intermodal container network with flexible due dates/times
and the possibility of using subcontracted transport, Erasmus
School of Economics (ESE), Rotterdam, June 2013
Port of Rotterdam, Port Vision 2030,
http://www.portofrotterdam.com/en/Port/port-in-general/
port-vision-2030/Documents/Port-vision-2030/index.html
Ian Walker: The future will be open, automated and
synchro-modal, in: The Load Star, 21.02.2013
47
48
Sources
Ishfaq, R., and C.R. Sox. Design of intermodal logistics

networks with hub delays. European Journal of Operational
Research 220.3 (2012): 629-641.
Strategic Vision Document 2020 of Integral Logistics in
Spain: Integral Logistics Technology Platform, Logistop,
May 2008
Leukel, J.; Jacob, A.; Karaenke, P.; Kirn, S.; Klein, A.:
Individualization of Goods and Services: Towards a
Logistics Knowledge Infrastructure for Agile Supply
Webs. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium
2011, Track Business Agility, Stanford, USA,
21.23.03.2011.
T02 Cloud Computing

Enterprise Logistics For Everyone made a reality by Shipwire.
Shipwire revolutionizes cloud-based logistics, Palo Alto, CA,
01.02.2011
Leading end-to-end cloud based solutions to be highlighted
at MODEX 2014. The Cloud Alliance for supply chain
management brings together best-of-breed domain expertise
and leading innovative solutions to deliver rapid ROI and lower
TCO business value in the cloud, Cloud Logistics press release,
13.03.2014
Studie zum Nutzen von Cloud Computing fr die Logistik,
AXIT / IFCC, 20.03.2014
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
Expertenwissen und Best-Practices fr Ihr erfolgreiches

Cloud-Logistikprojekt, AXIT Experience Booklet, 03.06.2013
T01 Big Data, Open Data & Data-as-a-Service
Werner Delfmann, Falco Jaekel: The Cloud Logistics for the

Future?, BVL discussion paper, 12.06.2012
Fostering a data-driven culture, Economist Intelligence Unit,

The Economist, 2013
Best in Cloud 2012: Logistics Mall bietet flexible Services auch

fr komplexe Lieferketten, Computerwoche, 30.07.2012
Top 10 Trends in Business Intelligence for 2014,

http://www.tableausoftware.com/business-intelligence
Container schneller an Bord: Hamburg nimmt Kurs auf Hafen der

Zukunft (telekom.com/medien/loesungen-fuer-unternehmen)
Swaminathan, S.: The Effects of Big Data on the Logistics

Industry, February 2012 (oracle.com)
Maren-Bianca Wolf, Jonas Rahn: Cloud Computing fr

Logistik 2, Fraunhofer IML, 2013
Sverdlik, Y.: Big data gives real-time logistics to US navy,

07.02.2012 (dataroundtable.com)
Maren Meinhard, Torben Lippmann, Cloud Computing

fr Logistik, Fraunhofer IML, 2011
Cecere, L.: Big Data: Go Big or Go Home?, Supply Chain

Insights, 16.07.2012 (supplychaininsights.com)
Delfmann, W., Jaeckel, F: The Cloud Logistics for the Future?, 6th
International Scientific Symposiums on Logistics, Hamburg 2012
BITCOM Leitfaden Big Data im Praxiseinsatz Szenarien,

Beispiele, Effekte, 2012
Business Objects for Logistics, Fraunhofer Innovationscluster

Cloud Computing fr Logistik / Logistics Mall, 2013
McKinsey Global Institute: Big data: The next frontier for

innovation, competition, and productivity, June 2011
Leukel, J.; Kirn, S.; Schlegel, T.: Supply Chain as a Service:

A Cloud Perspective on Supply Chain Systems. In: IEEE Systems
Journal, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2011, pp. 26-37.
Wout Hofman: Supply Chain Visibility with Linked Open

Data for Supply Chain Risk Analysis, Delft 2011
McKinsey Global Institute: Open data: Unlocking innovation
and performance with liquid information, October 2013
Opening up open data: An interview with Tim OReilly,
McKinsey & Company, January 2014
Michael Chui, James Manyika, Steve Van Kuiken: What
executives should know about open data, McKinsey Quarterly,
January 2014
Thore Fechner: Geospatial Open Data bridging the gap
between provision and use through the cloud-based GIS
platform ArcGIS Online, Presentation at the 2nd International
Open Data Dialog, Berlin, 19.11.2013
Datability. Der richtige Umgang mit unseren Daten, Berlin 2013
Christian Raum: Analyse zum CeBIT-Start: Die paradoxe
Datability-Welt, ZDnet, 09.03.2014

DHLs Parcelcopter drone for speedy aerial delivery takes off
in Germany, International Business Times, 10.12.2013
Drohnen sind von gestern bei Zalando fliegen die Pakete,
deutsche-startups.de, 19.12.2013
Its not just Amazon: UPS and FedEx are working on their
own drone delivery systems, qz.com, 03.12.2013
Game of Drones: China could become the first country to
legalize parcel delivery per drone, qz.com, 03.09.2013
An internet of airborne things, The Economist, 01.12.2012
Jones, E.: New Approaches for Autonomous Logistics Aircraft
and Ground Systems, Unknown Aerospace, 2007
Driverless cars - the future of transport in cities? Autonomous
vehicles could revolutionise the way we move around our
cities, but leaders must manage the technology so that it
benefits everyone, The Guardian, 24.02.2014
Sources
Toward a Systematic Approach to the Design and Evaluation

of Automated Mobility-on-Demand Systems: A Case Study
in Singapore, MIT 2014
Per Eriksson: Opening the door to the warehouse of the
future, Beijer Electronics, 01.08.2011
Warehouses of the future - What it takes to reach there?
Part I, infosysblogs.com, 29.03.2009
Schuldt, A.: Multi agent coordination enabling autonomous
logistics, University of Bremen, 2010
Shell LKW-Studie. Fakten, Trends und Perspektiven im
Strassengterverkehr bis 2030
KPMG: Self-driving cars: The next revolution, 2012
T04 3D Printing
Daniel Cohen, Matthew Sargeant, Ken Somers: 3-D printing
takes shape, McKinsey Quarterly, January 2014
Trend Report - Fabbing 2011 - State of the art (2011,
CSI / zpunkt)
The implication of 3D printing for the global logistics
industry, Transport Intelligence, 2012
3D printing: The printed world, The Economist, 10.02.2011
Wohlers Report 2013: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing:
State of the industry, Wohlers Associates 2013
Terry Wohlers: Tracking Global Growth in Industrial-Scale
Additive Manufacturing, MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC.,
Vol. 1, No. 1, 2014
Technology: Whats Next for 3-D Printing? Terry Wohlers
offers six predictions for additive manufacturing in 2014,
IndustryWeek, 09.01.2014
3D printing becomes a solid reality, Financial Times, 26.12.2013
The 3-D Printing Revolution: Dreams made real, one layer at
a time, ScienceNews, 09.03.2013
Andy Rubin, Der Herr der Google-Roboter, Frankfurter
Allgemeine Wirtschaft, 04.12.2013
Kauf von Boston Dynamics: Google startet mit Robotern durch,
Frankfurter Allgemeine Wirtschaft, 14.12.2013
Technologiefestival South by Southwest:Im Jahr 2050 wird
es mehr Roboter geben als Menschen, Frankfurter Allgemeine
Wirtschaft, 09.03.2014
Behind the Buzz About Flexible Automation,
Inbound Logistics, 01/2012
Short description of the parcel robot project, DPDHL 2007
Logistics robots think ahead, Jacobs University, 31.01.2011
Amazon macht DHL-Packstationen Konkurrenz, Handelsblatt,
04.10.2012
Walmart testing in-store lockers for online deliveries, Toms
Guide, 27.03.2013
Google plant Lieferung am gleichen Tag, PC Online, 06.03.2013

Abgefahren: Zalando stellt Konzeptauto mit integrierter
Packstation vor, t3n.de, 01.03.2013
Benedikt Mttig: SMARTI Smart reusable transport items.
Tracking & tracing of returnable transport items in a retail
use case, Fraunhofer Institute for Materials Flow and Logistics,
Dortmund, 2014
ECR Award 2013: smaRTI in der Konsumgterindustrie.
Die Revolution des Material- und Datenflusses, Case Study
Presentation, MARS/CHEP/REWE/Fraunhofer IML, 2013
Internet der Dinge: Dinge sind da, aber sie sprechen nicht
miteinander, Heise online, 12.01.2014
Internet der Dinge: Wenn der Khlschrank Spam ausspuckt,
Sddeutsche Zeitung, 12.02.2014
Die Welt wird smart. Gefrderte Forschungsprojekte: openID-center geht mit groen Schritten ins nchste Jahrzehnt,
ISIS AutoID/RFID Special, Edition 1-2011
Markus Lffler, Andreas Tschiesner: The Internet of Things and
the future of manufacturing, McKinsey & Company, June 2013
CASAGRAS2/IERC: The Internet of Things 2012: New horizons,
UK 2012
Internet of Things; Pan European Research and Innovation
Vision; European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things,
10/2011
Internet of Things Strategic Research Roadmap, IERC 2011
Vermesen, O., Friess, P.: Internet of Things: Global technological
and societal trends, River Publishers 2011
CERP-IoT: Vision and challenges for realizing the Internet of
Things, EU 2010
Internet-of-Things Architecture (IoT-A): Initial Architectural
Reference Model for IoT, (iot-a.eu), 2011
David Loshin: Enterprise Location Intelligence: Bringing
location-related business insight to support better decision
making and more profitable operations, Pitney Bowes, 2012
Stores sniff out smartphones to follow shoppers. Indoor location
technology brings internet-style tracking to physical spaces,
MIT Technology Review, 12.11.2013
Accurate mobile indoor positioning industry alliance, called
InLocation, to promote deployment of location-based indoor
services and solutions, Nokia press release, 23.08.2013
Inside: Indoor positioning solution uses six technologies, but
some are a secret, Directions Magazine, 31.03.2014
Li-Fi offers new technology for indoor positioning, Directions
Magazine, 26.02.2014
49
50
Sources
LocationTech marks progress in open source geospatial

community development and awareness, Directions
Open geospatial consortiums vision for future, Directions
This wristband recognizes when you write in the air with
your finger, Popular Science, 03.05.2013
CES 2014: Does smart jewelry take wearable tech too far?,
Popular Science, 01.09.2014
Das Buch der Zukunft erzhlt seine Geschichte durch
Wearable Technology, vice.com, January 2014
The enterprise wearables journey: How wearable computing
will improve your business, Forrester Research, January 2014
Google Glass: Die wichtigsten Konkurrenten im berblick,
t3n.de, 27.03.2013
Medizin-Apps: Kreative fr Wachstumsmarkt gesucht,
blog.zdf.de, 24. 01.2014
Rumors, speculation and predictions for Apples iWatch,
Healthbook, mobihealthnews.com, 10.02.2014
Smartglasses: Do they really have a place in business?,
TechRepublic, 06.11.2013
Wearable computing may have seemed impractical and
excessive in the past, but with the new year comes a new
trend: functionality, techrepublic.com, 17.01.2014
Wearable projector and Kinect-like camera turns any object
into a touchscreen, Popular Science, 18.10.2011
Why Pebble 2.0 may win the wearables race at CES and
become a work tool in 2014, techrepublic.com, 06.01.2014
LFS.glass fr die Logistik: Augmented-Reality-Datenbrille
im Lager, Mobile Business, 24.03.2014
Google Glass, Augmented Reality, and the Warehouse,
Logistics Viewpoints, 11.02.2013
Arnis Cirulis, Egils Ginters: Augmented Reality in Logistics,
Procedia Computer Science, Volume 26, 2013, Pages 1420,
ICTE in Regional Development, December 2013, Valmiera,
Latvia
Egils Ginters, Jorge Martin-Gutierrez: Low Cost Augmented
Reality and RFID Application for Logistics Items Visualization,
Procedia Computer Science, Volume 26, 2013, Pages 313, ICTE
in Regional Development, December 2013, Valmiera, Latvia
Die neun Vorteile von Google Glass in der Logistik, SALT
Solutions Blog, 13.01.2014
Cognitive Cars, ce.org, 18.09.2013, http://www.ce.org/i3/
Features/2013/September-October/Cognitive-Cars.aspx
Alt, Th.: Augmented Reality fr logistische und produktionstechnische Prozesse, Metaio Augmented Solutions, 14.06.2007
Runde, Ch.: Whitepaper VR und AR in der Logistik. Einsatzgebiete

Techniken-Nutzen, Virtual Dimension Center (VDC), 2010
Reif, R.: Augmented Reality Vision oder Wirklichkeit, fml
Lehrstuhl fr Frdertechnik Materialfluss Logistik Mnchen,
04.12.2007
Augmented Reality to help get the mail through, University
of Canterbury, 20.06.2012
T10 Low Cost Sensor Technology
LOW COST SENSOR TECHNOLOGY. A DHL perspective
on implications and use cases for the logistics industry,
December 2013
Low-cost, High-sensitivity Near-infrared Sensor Announced
at Conference, Tech-On, 07.02.2014
Bowles, M and Lu, J,: How will nano-sensor technology
affect logistics management, Journal of Convergence
Information Technology, 8, (2), 2013, pp. 820-828.
Andreas Schaller: Designing low cost sensor systems for
the Internet of Things Smart System Integration, March 2013
AMA Association for Sensor Technology (2010)
Sensor Trends 2014
Nano Market Report (2012) - Markets for Low-Cost Sensors
2012
Hagen Borstell, Liu Cao, Klaus Richter, Christian Schfe:
Security in Supply Chains in the Scope of Surface Transport
of Goods by Secure Information Patterns on the Freight
Trans4Goods, Berlin / Heidelberg, 2012
Bitcoin basics: What you need to know, Market Watch:
The Wall Street Journal, 09.04.2014
Could Bitcoin become the universal online payment method?,
The Crypto Crimson, 05.04.2014
French Retail Chain Monoprix to Accept Bitcoin Payments
This Year, CoinDesk, 09.04.2014
Why you should care about Bitcoin: digital currency is here
to stay. Like a still obscure version of online dollars, bitcoins
or something like them are here to stay and redefining money,
The Guardian, 09.04.2014
Bitcoin-Regulierung: Die Staaten und das Kryptogeld,
Heise Online, 20.01.2014
As Auroracoin airdrop approaches, what does it mean when
a nation adopts a cryptocurrency?, TechCrunch, 01.03.2014
Kryptogeld: Auroracoins fr jeden Islnder, Heise Online,
05.02.2014
The rise and fall of Bitcoin, Wired Magazine, 23.11.2011
About-Payments.com: Database of online payment methods
from all over the world
FOR MORE INFORMATION

About LOGISTICS TREND RADAR, contact:
Junkersring 55
Phone: +49 2241 1203 230
Mobile: +49 152 5797 0580
Katrin Zeiler
Junkersring 55
Phone: +49 2241 1203 235
Mobile: +49 173 239 0335
e-mail: [email protected]
e-mail: [email protected]
RECOMMENDED READING
AUGMENTED REALITY IN LOGISTICS
LOW-COST SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
www.dhl.com/augmentedreality
www.dhl.com/lcst
BIG DATA IN LOGISTICS
KEY LOGISTICS TRENDS IN LIFE SCIENCES 2020+
www.dhl.com/bigdata
www.dhl.com/lifesciences2020

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Low-cost

De-Stressing the Supply Chain

Fair Logistics Marketplaces

Grey Power Logistics

Wearable Augmented Reality

Powered by DHL Trend Research

Powered by DHL Trend Research

In this second edition of the Logistics Trend Radar,

In the course of last year, DHL Trend Research

Dr. Markus Kckelhaus

LOOKING BACK: HOT TOPICS IN LOGISTICS INNOVATION THROUGH 2013

SPEEDING UP? NO, ITS ABOUT

DATA IS THE NEW OIL REFINE IT

LIVING UP TO CUSTOMER EXPECTATIONS

STOP MOVING GOODS START PRINTING

As more and more wearable consumer devices arrived

Right Here, Right Now

RIGHT HERE, RIGHT NOW: MEGATRENDS AND TECHNOLOGIES DRIVING

Increasing Risk and Disruption Intelligent Sourcing & X-Shoring

Networked Economy & Coopetition

Global Uncertainty & Volatility

Omni-Channel Business Models

Resource and Energy Limitations Digitization & E-Substitution

Online / Offline Integration

Collaborative Crowd Economy

cares if a company is a small business. The death of

Internet of Everything Embedded Technology

Encryption & Cryptography Second-Screen Revolution

Open Data & Data Sharing

The Age of Context & Prediction Web Screening

supergrid spanning the entire globe and integrating

Right Here, Right Now

Global uncertainty and volatility, supply chain

Circular economy and sustainability:

Globally distributed supply chains mean more facilities,

To address the challenges of climate change, higher global

Companies doing business on an international scale must

Right Here, Right Now

Omni-channel business models

The brick-and-mortar store will become just one of

Changing competitive landscape

Especially for small retailers, e-commerce offers an easy

Typically, all these new market players seek out gaps

Right Here, Right Now

Crowd business models

TECHNOLOGY DRIVERS FOR LOGISTICS

In logistics, crowd sourcing has led to a great number

Right Here, Right Now

Open data, the age of context and Web 3.0

For example, during a search request, it provides users

Web fragmentation and internet jurisdiction

The semantic web or Web 3.0 was proclaimed by the

For the logistics industry, unpredictable cyber-attacks on

Right Here, Right Now

Second-screen revolution and holistic human-machine

All data and information can be perceived with all senses,

Changes in the Logistics Trend Radar

CHANGES IN THE LOGISTICS TREND RADAR

The DHL Innovation Center attracting over 10,000 visitors

Anticipatory logistics: Empowered by big data

New business opportunities for global players to enhance

Interoperability enhancement of logistics

Increases efficiency through faster processes and

I nformation at any time about the location and

Real-time order management: New generation mobile

Real-time risk management: Real-time information

Power-independent sensors attached to cargo

Increase in prediction accuracy

Anticipatory shipping: Based on big data analysis of

Transmetrics brings big data prediction to

New operational areas for logistics providers to offer 4PL