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    EDM

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    Fatin Nur'ain
    The document discusses the history and development of electromagnetic distance measurement (EDM) in surveying. It notes that the first commercially available EDM instrument was the Geodimeter, introduced in 1953 by AGA, which used modulated light waves. In 1957, Tellurometer began producing instruments using radio waves, and in 1966 Spectra-Physics introduced the first laser-based EDM, the Geodolite 3G. Laser-based EDM systems from the late 1960s could measure distances up to 100 km with good stability and accuracy. The document also discusses how atmospheric conditions can affect EDM measurements and different types of total station instruments.

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    EDM

    Uploaded by

    Fatin Nur'ain
    253 views5 pages
    The document discusses the history and development of electromagnetic distance measurement (EDM) in surveying. It notes that the first commercially available EDM instrument was the Geodimeter, introduced in 1953 by AGA, which used modulated light waves. In 1957, Tellurometer began producing instruments using radio waves, and in 1966 Spectra-Physics introduced the first laser-based EDM, the Geodolite 3G. Laser-based EDM systems from the late 1960s could measure distances up to 100 km with good stability and accuracy. The document also discusses how atmospheric conditions can affect EDM measurements and different types of total station instruments.

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    electromagnetic distance measurement

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    The document discusses the history and development of electromagnetic distance measurement (EDM) in surveying. It notes that the first commercially available EDM instrument was the Geodimeter, introduced in 1953 by AGA, which used modulated light waves. In 1957, Tellurometer began producing instruments using radio waves, and in 1966 Spectra-Physics introduced the first laser-based EDM, the Geodolite 3G. Laser-based EDM systems from the late 1960s could measure distances up to 100 km with good stability and accuracy. The document also discusses how atmospheric conditions can affect EDM measurements and different types of total station instruments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    253 views5 pages

    EDM

    Uploaded by

    Fatin Nur'ain
    The document discusses the history and development of electromagnetic distance measurement (EDM) in surveying. It notes that the first commercially available EDM instrument was the Geodimeter, introduced in 1953 by AGA, which used modulated light waves. In 1957, Tellurometer began producing instruments using radio waves, and in 1966 Spectra-Physics introduced the first laser-based EDM, the Geodolite 3G. Laser-based EDM systems from the late 1960s could measure distances up to 100 km with good stability and accuracy. The document also discusses how atmospheric conditions can affect EDM measurements and different types of total station instruments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    INTRODUCTION

    EDM or electromagnetic distance measurement is an equipment designated to measure distance


    whether slope distance or horizontal distance using light and radiowaves.
    If we use the combination of EDM and theodolite we will get distance and angle.
    There are two types of EDM. First, visible light or IR instruments (Electro-optical). Second, the
    microwave instrument.

    Assignment1 (SUG150)

    Page 1

    History of Electromagnetic
    Distance Measurement
    (EDM)

    In civil engineering, construction and surveying


    the use of electromagnetic distance (EDM)
    equipment is now so commonplace that it
    would be difficult to imagine contemporary site
    surveying without it. The first commercially
    available EDM instrument to be used in
    surveying was built by the Swedish AGA
    Company in 1953. This instrument known as the
    Geodimeter, used modulated light waves,
    produced by tungsten and mercury vapour
    lamps, for measuring distances. During a
    measurement the light wave continuously
    transmitted from the Geodimeter to a reflector
    station, from which it was returned along the
    same path to the Geodimeter and received light
    waves was derived mathematically.
    In 1957, Tellurometer of South Africa
    began manufacturing its MRA series of EDM
    instruments which used radio waves for
    distance measurement. Spectra-Physics of
    California produced their Geodolite 3G in 1966,
    and this was the first commercial EDM
    instrument that used a modulated HeNe laser
    instead of a conventional light source for
    practical distance measurement. Following this,
    AGA introduced their model 8 HeNe
    Geodimeter in 1967, and Laser System and
    Electronics of Tennessee marketed their first
    Laser-Ranger in 1969. The main characteristics

    of these laser-based instruments, compared


    with any previous EDM systems, was their
    ability to measure distance up to 100 km with
    good stability and accuracy.

    geodimeter

    tellurometer

    Assignment1 (SUG150)

    Page 2

    Atmospheric effect on EDM measurement

    All electromagnetic waves, when travelling in a vacuum, travel at the speed of light, a universal
    constant. Consequently, the speed of the carrier and modulating waves will vary for all measurements,
    and the distance recorded by the instrument will be in error. To correct for this, some EDM instruments
    are fitted with on atmospheric correction dial which is set according to the atmospheric pressure and
    temperature prevailing at the time of measurement, these being measured on site.
    A further advantage of using the laser as a carrier waves in an EDM system is the spectral purity
    or closely defined wavelength of the laser light. Because of this, the light suffers a low dispersion in air,
    and the effects of the atmosphere on the beam can be predicted more closely than effects of the
    conventional infra-red sources. Consequently, the uncertainly in the distance measured due to
    variations in atmospheric conditions is less with the laser EDM distance.

    Assignment1 (SUG150)

    Page 3

    Differences between types of total station

    Instruments

    Maximum Range

    Number of Prism

    38009800
    16003500
    25007000
    21005500

    1
    9
    1
    9
    1
    11
    1
    9

    Sokkia Red 2L
    Pentax MD 20
    Leica Wild DI 1600
    Topcon DM-S3

    Assignment1 (SUG150)

    Measuring
    Condition
    Average
    Good
    Average
    Good
    Average
    Good
    Average
    Good

    Accuracy
    5mm + 3ppm
    5mm + 5ppm
    3mm + 2ppm
    5mm + 3ppm

    Page 4

    REFFERENCES

    1) William Irvine. Surveying for Construction 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill Companies. 1995
    2) W.F. Price and J. Uren. Laser Surveying, van Nostrand Reinhold (International). 1989

    Assignment1 (SUG150)

    Page 5

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